Kitchen layouts. Kitchen layout - type, type and design project. Perfect kitchen interiors with a linear layout

Above the dining area you need to create soft and cozy lighting, conducive to pleasant family gatherings. It is best to place near a window to make the best use of natural light. Ideal for artificial lighting with adjustable hanging height, and it should not hang in the center of the kitchen, but directly above the table. Several such small lamps can be provided. If this option is not to your liking, then you can use Wall lights, and if the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen allows, even floor. Also, the dining area can be distinguished by spotlights built into the ceiling, and multilevel ceiling- in general, a great idea, because it will visually divide the space into zones.

With all this, one should not forget the need general lighting for the kitchen, which will combine zones and be used when bright task lighting is not needed.

No. 2. Zoning with wall decoration

If we are talking about a small kitchen, then the easiest way to divide it into zones is to use various, so and . So, in the working area, the walls are best, and near the dining table, use a warmer and more comfortable material: washable, or paint of a certain shade. The transition between different materials should be noticeable, but it should not be too contrasting either, because the room should be perceived as integral and harmonious, but at the same time with several zones highlighted.

It's worth making a correction. When it comes to the kitchen-living room, then in this case it is appropriate to use even contrasting shades, but you still need to act carefully. If you are not sure of your own decision, then it is better to use shades of the same color or resort to the help of a designer. The same applies to: a common style should be observed, but the furniture should not be the same in the working and dining areas.

No. 5. Podium

If the kitchen is large enough or you equip the kitchen-living room, then you can use not only visual zoning, but also quite physical. This may be, for example, on which the dining area will be located. This is a great design technique that allows you to get additional storage space, but it’s worth considering how convenient it will be in your particular case: perhaps there are elderly people and small children in the family who will find such a podium difficult. The work area is sometimes also allocated as a podium, but often this is due to the need to hide communications. Additional podium lighting will bring the final touch to the zoning of the room, and at the same time will create an unusual interior.

Can be used sliding partitions, which are perfect for spacious kitchens or kitchens combined with a living room. During cooking, partitions can be closed so that odors do not spread, and then open, visually uniting all zones.

Another option - barrier or semi-partition with little height. Behind it, you can hide some kitchen furniture, and the eating area in this case will be perfectly separated.

Bar counter - multifunctional item. She not only copes with the division of space, but also transforms the interior, making it modern and stylish. Moreover, it is also an additional place for a snack and even a full meal. In some cases, the bar counter can even become a full-fledged place for lunch and dinner, unless, of course, we are talking about a small family.

No. 8. Unusual ways to zone space

The need to allocate several zones of different functionality in a small room at once pushes people to bold decisions. So, two zones can be divided aquarium or shelf system on which to arrange flowers, kitchen utensils, souvenirs and other items. The dining area can be distinguished photographs or paintings, interesting etc. In search of the best solution for yourself, you need to turn on your imagination, and then in the end you can get a beautiful and unique interior.

No. 9. Is it worth it to combine the kitchen with the living room?

This solution is very popular today. Combining the kitchen with the living room, you get many advantages:

increase in usable space, because there are no more walls that took away space and light;
possibility for the hostess look after the children, which are in the living room, watch TV, and in general be together with the whole family, without looking up from the cooking process. A separate TV in the kitchen is also not needed;
when there are guests in the house, very easy to cover, because all the dishes and dishes can be moved much faster and spend less effort on it;
possibility create
But the desire to make the space bigger and brighter requires some victims. Smells will be carried into the living area, in the kitchen you will have to keep order twice as hard, which is required by open space. Some also complain about the lack of cozy privacy while relaxing or eating, but zoning helps in the latter.
But still it is better to combine the kitchen and living room only if you have a large apartment, and each family member has a separate room. If the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen and living room is small, then such a solution will also come in handy. What methods of zoning, in addition to those described above, are suitable in this case?
No. 10. Zoning with furniture
It is very easy to divide the working, dining space and recreation area with the help of furniture. The most affordable option is dinner table, which is placed on the border of the zones: performing its immediate function, it becomes a clear space separator. To enhance the effect, chairs of the same style, but of different colors, can be placed around it, and their shade should correspond to the chosen color scheme for the kitchen and living area.
In conclusion
The function of any zoning is to highlight comfortable zones in one room in which a person will feel comfortable. Zoning is necessary not only for large kitchens and kitchens combined with living rooms, but also for any, even the smallest space, otherwise different zones will mix, turning the kitchen into chaos. In order to highlight zones in the kitchen, you can use several different methods, but it is better to combine them, and then it will even turn into a comfortable place for cooking and family gatherings.

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Ergonomics is something that in the pursuit of fashion trends and cool furniture, we often forget to take into account when designing a kitchen. website armed with a tape measure and figured out how to plan the perfect kitchen, in which everything you need fits, it’s not crowded for anyone and it’s convenient to cook goodies for the whole family.

1. Doors and doors of kitchen appliances and cabinets should open easily and not have serious obstacles in the way of opening. The ideal option for the front door would be if it does not open into the kitchen. If it’s the other way around for you, put limiters so that you don’t spoil the refrigerator or furniture at the entrance with a handle.

2. Competent zoning

storage (refrigerator for perishable products, cabinet for cereals, canned food and household goods)
food preparation (a well-lit and spacious countertop where kitchen items, spices, etc. are located) and food preparation (hob, microwave, oven and extractor hood, you can hang a towel and potholders on the stove handle)
kitchen utensils (pots, pans, etc.)
washing dishes and sorting garbage (sink and dishwasher, in the cupboard under the sink, as a rule, there is a trash can, cleaners and detergents)
serving and dining area (comfortable place for eating)

3. Refrigerator + stove + sink = "working triangle" where we spend most of our time in the kitchen.

Linear (single-row) kitchen

island cuisine

Parallel (two-row) kitchen

Corner (L-shaped) kitchen

U-shaped kitchen

4. Heights of the "triangle" for the greatest functionality, the sites should be located at a distance of at least 1.2 m and not more than 2.7 m from each other.

5. Walk-through kitchen, or kitchen as part of the dining room. In this case, it is necessary to move the zone of the working triangle around the trajectory of the movement of people.

Proven Headset Location

1 . 75 cm between lamp and island

2. 25-30 cm between chair and tabletop

3. 90–110 cm - height of the island

4. 120 cm - space for two chefs

5. 85 cm - floor cabinet height

6. 60 cm - table top depth

7. 30 cm - depth of wall cabinets

6. Aisles in the kitchen-not the same as a workspace for a chef. The minimum width of the aisle is 90 cm, while the working space for one person is up to 110 cm. The dining area (if any) inside is decorated differently, but the size of the passage between the person at the dining table and the wall must be at least 80 cm.

7. Workplace should be left as spacious as possible, without forcing various appliances and without intersecting with non-mobile cabinets and other items. A minimum space of 38–40 cm must be left on the worktop next to the refrigerator in order to be able to conveniently take food out of the refrigerator and put it back.

5 main rules for a comfortable layout

Many factors influence the layout of the kitchen: location in the apartment, its size and shape, the number of family members and, of course, the location of utilities. All these points must be taken into account even at the stage of developing a design project and before purchasing furniture. There are a number of rules, compliance with which will be the key to creating a functional and safe space.

"Rule of the Triangle". The main components of the kitchen working area - a sink, a refrigerator and a stove - should be located so that the hostess does not have to waste energy and time on obviously unnecessary movements. It is optimal to place these kitchen elements at the vertices of an imaginary triangle, the length of each side of which should not exceed 2 meters.
First of all, you should determine the place for the sink, which requires connection to communications and acts as the main center of activity in the kitchen. And only after that you can plan where the furniture and appliances will be located.
The plate is installed in such a way that at least 40 centimeters of the working surface remain on both sides of it. It is not safe to place the stove next to the sink and the window, but its close proximity to the dining table is not the worst layout option.
It is better to put the refrigerator in one of the corners of the kitchen so as not to tear the work surfaces into small sections. Naturally, its door, being open, should not block the free space.
Tall pieces of furniture or household appliances should be placed so that they do not end up in the working area of the kitchen, otherwise this will lead to its significant reduction.

Types of kitchen layouts

L-/L-shaped (angular)
Versatile design option suitable for almost any room. But it will be most advantageous for medium-sized square kitchens (from 8 to 10 square meters). From the point of view of implementing the “triangle rule”, the corner kitchen is the most ergonomic: furniture and appliances, being placed along two adjacent walls, create a very comfortable separate work area.

Pros: you can easily organize a full-fledged dining area, install built-in appliances.

Cons: not suitable for too narrow and very large rooms

WE RECOMMEND:

Single row (linear)
This layout scheme is mainly used in small, narrow kitchens and small studio apartments. Furniture and household appliances are installed along one of the walls, preferably in such a way that the stove and refrigerator are located on opposite sides of the sink. If the total length of the working surface in a linear kitchen exceeds 3.5 meters, then such a layout cannot be called ergonomic.

Pros: the ability to use the layout in small kitchens

Cons: limited space for cooking, no space for additional appliances.

WE RECOMMEND:

Double row (parallel)
This layout option is suitable for decorating a fairly spacious kitchen (12-15 square meters), which can be used as a passage room. The stove and sink are usually located along one wall, and the refrigerator and cabinets are along another, parallel to it.

Pros: spaciousness, the ability to accommodate a significant amount of embedded equipment

Cons: Due to limited space, it is difficult to find a place for a dining table.

WE RECOMMEND:

U or U-shaped
A convenient type of layout that can be used in rooms of various sizes, but will most successfully fit into a kitchen of 10-12 square meters. meters. The kitchen set and appliances are grouped along three walls, each of which has one element of the working triangle.

Pros: no through traffic, plenty of space for household appliances.

Cons: not suitable for both very small and oversized kitchens, difficult to organize a dining area.

WE RECOMMEND:

Island
This option is exclusively for large kitchens (from 16 square meters), which are often combined with dining rooms. In fact, we are talking about any of the layouts mentioned above, supplemented by an island. It refers to a working area or a dining table that is taken out to the center of the kitchen. The optimal size of the island, which can be of a wide variety of configurations and sizes. At the same time, it should be placed so as not to share access to the elements of the working triangle.

Pros: Functionality, creating an atmosphere of a single space in large rooms

Cons: Not suitable for small kitchens.

WE RECOMMEND:

peninsular
Type of layout, which is a modification of the kitchen with an island. Here, the central element adjoins the wall with its end and forms a kind of ledge, which, as a rule, is used to separate the working area from the dining area.

The pros and cons of this type of layout largely repeat the "island". True, the peninsula is a little more economical in terms of space.

WE RECOMMEND:

Free (non-fixed)
Such a layout implies the presence in the kitchen of cutting tables, bedside tables and other elements equipped with wheels, which allows them to be freely moved from one place to another.

Pros: facilitating work in the kitchen, the ability to periodically modify the interior.

Cons: for maneuvers you need a lot of free space.

For small kitchens, a single-row placement of headset elements would be a good solution, in large rooms the space will perfectly unite and zone due to the “island” or “peninsula”, and the corner and U-shaped layouts are suitable for decorating almost any kitchen.

How to choose?

How to choose from the existing variety of layouts the one that is ideal for your kitchen? Experts in kitchen ergonomics recommend:

Draw up a detailed diagram of the room, on which to indicate all the details - its exact dimensions, door and window openings, the location of water and sewer pipes, ventilation openings, electrical outlets.
Make a plan for the future kitchen. Today, this can be done not only in the old-fashioned way (with a pencil on a piece of paper), but also with the help of online planners and special programs that allow even a beginner to equip a virtual room: arrange furniture, choose flooring, wall color, etc.
Seek advice from professionals. Experienced design consultants and managers in kitchen showrooms will easily offer you not one, but several kitchen layout options at once, from which you will have to choose the one that matches your ideas about your dream kitchen. Most companies offer this service for free, but some of them may charge a small fee for calculating and developing a design project for a future set, which will be credited when buying a kitchen set from this company.

The kitchen is one of the most important rooms in the house, because it is here that cooking and eating takes place, and it is also here that friends or relatives most often gather at a large festive table.

Therefore, it is necessary to plan the kitchen correctly even at the repair stage: it must be functional, comfortable and ergonomic. How to do it?

Making the right measurement of the kitchen

We will need the following data:

total area;
height and width of the doorway;
the length of the wall, the dimensions of the main (working) and adjacent
room height;
width and height of the window opening.

Tip: The best way to design the arrangement of furniture will be to sketch in the form of a diagram or photo of everything already in the kitchen (heating batteries, gas pipes, plumbing, exhaust, as well as counters, a column, a boiler, if any).

From the existing options for planning a kitchen, choose the right one

You will have to choose from the following types of design:

1. Linear layout of the kitchen

This option assumes placement of all furniture in one row along the working wall(do not forget to take into account the presence of sockets, gas pipes, water and sewer pipes). Most often, such planning is done in rectangular elongated kitchen rooms, where a dining area is located opposite the working wall.

2. Two-row kitchen layout

This design option is also suitable for rectangular rooms.

Just keep in mind that there should be enough space to install furniture on both sides, that is, the distance between opposite objects in the headset should not be less than 120 cm.

Only in this way will the hostess be able to move freely around the kitchen while cooking.

3. L-shaped (corner) layout of the kitchen

This is the most common type of design, suitable for any type of kitchen, even for the smallest ones.

3. U-shaped layout of the kitchen

U-shaped kitchen set only suitable for spacious kitchens, since the placement of all items in the headset is supposed to be along three walls.

In this case, the dining area can be placed in the middle or a separate area should be allocated for it.

4. Peninsula kitchen layout

Such planning is most often done to separate the cooking area from the dining area in the kitchen of a sufficiently large area, at least 15 sq.m.

This modern and unusual furniture arrangement is incredibly popular. Very often, such a project is chosen by the owners of "Khrushchev", combining the kitchen with the living room.

A table with cabinets and drawers, a bar counter can act as a dining or working area.

5. Island layout of the kitchen (Kitchen-island)

The island layout is the most non-standard, very comfortable. But it is rarely used: our kitchens are too small for this layout option.

In this case, a kitchen of any layout option from the above is installed, and in the central part of the kitchen room is placed a desktop of a square, rectangular or round shape.

This table is called "island".A cooking or working surface or a sink cuts into the table top of the "island".

We determine the location of the main kitchen areas

The kitchen has four main zones:

food storage (refrigerator, cupboards);
washing dishes (sink);
food preparation (work surface);
cooking (stove).

Regardless of the size of the kitchen, these zones should not be very far from each other. The maximum distance between the stove and the sink is 90 cm, the minimum is 40 cm, this is the main working area.

The distance between the refrigerator and the stove must be at least 30 cm, keep this in mind when drafting the kitchen.

Tip: If there is a gas stove, the interior of the new kitchen should be designed in such a way that the stove is at a minimum distance from the gas pipeline. If a washing machine or dishwasher is supposed to be placed in the kitchen, then it is better to install them next to the water supply.

Now you can start drafting a kitchen set

Furniture should be located functionally: between the stove and the sink, place drawers with cutlery, cabinets for pots, pans and other utensils.

A dish drying cabinet is best placed directly above the sink. When designing a kitchen, keep the following in mind:

Three principles for the distribution of necessary items

Frequently used items and products should be in easily accessible places, i.e. on the countertop, directly below it or in the bottom of the upper cabinet.
Periodically used items and products can be placed in the middle of the upper and lower cabinets.
Rarely used - at the very bottom or at the very top of the lower or upper cabinets, respectively.

Kitchen interior design

When designing a kitchen, consider the laws of style and the use of colors in the interior:

The color of the furniture set and household appliances should correspond to the general concept of the interior.
Warm colors will make the kitchen more cozy and comfortable. Do not choose too bright colors in a small room.
Particular attention should be paid to lighting. It is clear that natural light is not always enough. Therefore, artificial lighting devices must be bright and located in the right places.
Additionally, you can install lighting in certain areas, for example, above the work area, hob or sink. Also, do not forget about romance: a small lamp installed at the dining table will help create a romantic atmosphere in the interior of the kitchen room. You need to choose lighting fixtures in accordance with the overall interior design.
The free walls of the kitchen room can be decorated with themed pictures that will complement the overall concept of the kitchen room interior.

Withtip: You should not clutter up the room with things that are not related to kitchen utensils, as their appearance can spoil the interior design of the kitchen and the mood of the hostess.

And remember: the correct layout of the kitchen is the key to the excellent mood of the hostess and deliciously cooked food!

The kitchen in Russia is not just an auxiliary room equipped with household appliances, not only a food area. This is the hearth in the house, where coziness and comfort reign, a place of communication, conducive to frankness.

A neat and small-sized headset includes everything you need, does not attract unnecessary attention and, at the same time, looks very decent.

There is no need to rush with the installation of water supply, sewerage, heating, power supply networks, installation of sockets for a kitchen set. To determine their location, the installation drawing should be taken as a basis, which will accurately indicate the connection points for the equipment.

When choosing a kitchen set, you should be guided by the shape of the kitchen itself, the number of dishes and the number of family members.

Without such a project, it is impossible to correctly place even the sockets that provide electrical power to many appliances from the refrigerator to the countertop lighting.

Designers are advised to move away from the previous bulky kitchen sets and give preference to shelves and racks, at least using them upstairs, hanging on the walls.

Most of them are connected permanently, some are located in groups, some are located below the countertop, some are connected discreetly behind the cabinets. Accurate binding is needed for the place where the gas pipe, television cable, Internet are supplied.

The bottom can also be filled with convenient storage cabinets.

Special attention is required: dishwasher and washing machine, kitchen sink, which are connected to the water supply, sewerage, electricity under the work surface.

Kitchen sets can be somewhat airy.

New equipment often appears in the kitchen, for which it is necessary to foresee additional opportunities in advance.

Upper cabinets can be presented in the form of small square or rectangular cabinets hung in a checkerboard pattern.

Measurements and plan of the kitchen area

To complete the project for installing a kitchen set, a sub-base is being prepared - a dimensional drawing of the room. It must contain:

floor plan indicating the dimensions of the perimeter, linking window and door openings with open sashes, pipes and heating appliances, if they are already installed (secretly laid communications are indicated when they are installed);
wall plans with height and width, various openings, heating systems (laid communications are applied with accurate binding of exits from the wall, electrical boxes, ventilation openings, gas inlet (if any).

Lower cabinets can also be made lighter by splitting a familiar standard cabinet with doors across. In the free zone, you can arrange furniture or place kitchen appliances.

On this basis, the installation project is carried out taking into account the rule of the golden triangle (stove - sink - refrigerator), which allows you to correctly place appliances, create convenience in work, and make good use of space.

Thus, you can visually expand the space of the kitchen.

Minimal movements between the main kitchen objects are achieved if a sink is located in the center of the working area, and a stove and a refrigerator are located on the sides at arm's length. Given the size of the room, they can form a triangle or line up. By placing cabinets between them, the worktops of which are work surfaces, you can get a comfortable kitchen.

To expand the space of an already small kitchen, you can simply use light facades in the manufacture of a kitchen set.

Determining the height of the tabletop

The countertop is the main part of the kitchen set, it is used for cutting products, cooking. 50 years ago, a standard kitchen countertop height of 85 cm was recommended, designed for a woman of average height 163-170 cm.

White facades and dark countertops in a classic style are fashionable and attractive.

The growth of modern women has increased, the latest studies of physiology and ergonomics have shown that the comfortable height of the tabletop and the optimal placement of modules can reduce the load on a person by 30%. Doing the same work in different positions, you can use half the muscles.

Not a single kitchen set is installed with the usual "apron" - a panel between the upper and lower cabinets.

With a high working surface, the number of loaded muscles remains unchanged, but the efforts increase - fatigue quickly sets in.

Today, such plates are made from a variety of materials - plastic, MDF, photo printing under glass, and others.

The optimal height of the countertop in the kitchen:

for a person up to 150 cm tall is 75-80 cm;
160-180 correspond to 85-90;
at 180-200, a comfortable height of 1 m.

Photo printing under glass is a modern "panel" containing a bright image.

As a rule, such things require impressive financial costs.

Multi-level countertop - a step towards health

It is difficult to immediately abandon stereotypes - they are used to typical kitchen worktops of the same level. An atypical (non-standard) version of a kitchen set is gaining more and more popularity, where processes are performed on tables of different heights.

If you have painting skills, make such an "apron" yourself.

Changing the height of the working tables is aimed at reducing, distributing the forces on the spine during the cooking process. It is difficult to find such furniture - it is made to order. It is original, comfortable, well complements the interior.

Of course, today you can purchase or order a kitchen set with built-in lighting in the form of lamps, which are mounted on upper cabinets.

Countertops for washing and cutting can be installed 5 cm above the recommended level. Then the work will require less effort - when washing dishes, cutting food, you can not tilt your head. The elevated tabletop allows you to lean on it with your elbows, thereby unloading the spine.

For modern people, kitchen sets should not only carry a functional load, but also provide aesthetic pleasure from cooking on them.

The main working surface - for such serious work as cutting meat, vegetables, preparing dough, in which significant physical effort occurs, is set 5 cm below the standard value. A hob is installed at the same level - the hostess should be able to look into the pans without bending.

And in what environment this process will take place affects not only our mood, but also the quality of the cooked food.

Requirements of different heights should be adjusted to the person - the most frequent user of kitchen equipment. Such countertops have an important plus - if family members have different heights, comfort is provided to everyone who wants to cook.

Headset options

There are no single standard sizes for a kitchen set, but there are typical apartments - “Khrushchev”, “Stalinka”, “Brezhnevka”. Their dimensions force furniture manufacturers to resort to certain patterns.

Sold sets are usually made to the dimensions of such a "typical" housing, but an increasing part of kitchen furniture today is made for a specific space, individual requirements.

The headset set is conditionally divided into upper and lower cabinets - modules that have unified dimensions. This is convenient for manufacturers when setting up production lines. Built-in appliances that fill the lower sections also have standard sizes. Hence - the depth of the cabinets, equal to 57 cm along the side surface, the height of the door is 72 cm, the width of the countertop is 60-65 cm (with a margin for heating pipes).

Its main task is to be as convenient as possible for the hostess during cooking.

Under the same 72 cm, the doors of the upper row of cabinets are made. The total height of the kitchen furniture consists of these dimensions, taking into account the distance from the floor (10-15 cm), the thickness of the working surface (4-5 cm), the height to the upper sections above it.

Based on the examples, you can roughly estimate which option you like.

The typical width of cabinets with one door is 30-50 cm, with two 60-100. The height of the module from the floor to the tabletop is 75-100 cm.

A properly selected kitchen set is not only a color scheme that matches the room and the taste of the owner, but also its shape, which is most suitable for the layout of the kitchen.

The main thing is to maintain harmony, cabinets must complement, and not suppress each other. The upper sections of the set should be smaller than those located below, with a depth of no more than 30 cm. This makes it more convenient to use the countertop, avoiding head bumps during cooking.

And which model, kitchen set will be the most practical for you.

The height of the kitchen set should be such that the hostess can reach the shelves without problems. The distance between the lower and upper sections is selected according to the height of the hostess, usually set at about 60 cm. A significant part of the furniture set is drawers, which are practical, have several departments, they are planned taking into account the height from the floor to the countertop. It is desirable that the level of the lower modules is regulated with the help of legs.

Before deciding on the filling of headsets, consider some of the features of the material from which they are made.

Finally

A set of kitchen furniture should be the pride of the hostess, and the kitchen should be the center of attraction for the whole family. Convenience, layout, lighting - everything should bring a good mood.

The best option in all respects is natural stone for countertops.

VIDEO: Types of kitchen layout. Which one to choose

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