Do-it-yourself house from a vertical beam. Construction novelties: vertical timber houses and what are their advantages. Disadvantages of vertical timber houses

Each private developer at the initial stage of planning the construction of his own house must make a decisive (and therefore often painful) choice: what to build a house from.

What options are available today:

stone or brick;
concrete (including gas and foam concrete);
a wooden frame made of rounded logs or timber;
frame house.

The disadvantages of brick and stone housing construction are the following circumstances:

the need to build a powerful
a rather long period of building a box at home;
long cycle of finishing works.

All this greatly increases the cost of construction and does not allow you to move into the house for quite a long time. As for wood, wooden houses are cheaper, quickly built and do not require insulation. You can move into such a house right away, but usually a log house is kept for a year and only after shrinkage occurs. Therefore, it will not be possible to quickly celebrate a housewarming party either. In addition, the temperature and humidity regime is very important for a wooden house.

The way out is the construction of a frame house, which is practically not subject to shrinkage. But, I must say, such houses built using modern technologies are quite expensive.

Not so long ago, our construction market was replenished with another technology, still little known - NATURI. At a cost, such projects are more expensive than houses made of ordinary timber or logs and frame houses, but cheaper than houses made of SIP panels, as well as brick and stone ones.

What is special about NATURI technology

This construction technology has three main features:

Vertical installation of elements, excluding shrinkage of the house box.
Thanks to the high-precision prefabrication of elements at the factory, the assembly of the house resembles the assembly of a puzzle from three-dimensional elements.
When harvesting timber for the home, a high degree of drying. This is done so that by gaining moisture after installation, the individual elements, swelling, turn the wall into a single array.

Unlike the use of glued laminated timber, NATURI technology does not use glue, it is absolutely environmentally friendly.

The raw material for this technology is thin tree trunks. Usually it is pine and spruce. The bark and soft part of the wood are removed from them, leaving a strong core. Then the wood is cut to length. Usually these are blanks 2.5, 3 and 6 m long.

The logs are dried first in air and then in a drying chamber. The humidity of the prepared elements is no more than 12%.
At the request of the client, the elements of the outer skin can be made of larch, which practically does not rot. And for the elements of the inner lining, cedar is often used, which has excellent external characteristics and contributes to the release of useful substances into the atmosphere of the house.

The main elements of this house kit are profiled elements of the following types:

dry profiled timber of a special shape;
profiled elements of external and internal decoration;
boards for the upper and lower strapping;
wooden dowels, which are used to fasten the beams to the strapping board and to each other;
final cladding profile.

Profiled timber is a complex profile with holes for dowels at the ends and along the length.
Finishing elements are flat on the outside and profiled on the inside. The profile is chosen in such a way as to be tightly connected to the wall beams.

These elements can be used to mount walls of various thicknesses, usually two-row walls with a thickness of 300 mm, and three-row walls with a thickness of 400 mm.

Single row, 200 mm thick. The thinnest structures with a thickness of 100 mm are assembled from two sheathing profiles. All elements fit together perfectly.

How is the installation of walls

In order to protect wooden walls from moisture, waterproofing is laid on a concrete or brick foundation, and lining boards with a section of 250 * 50 mm specially treated with an antiseptic are laid on it. A beam with a section of 250 * 100 mm is mounted on them and the whole cake is fixed to the foundation with anchor bolts.

Two rows of boards are laid on the timber, intended to be wall framing. Since the boards already have holes for the dowels, using them as a template, holes are drilled in the lining beam and dowels with a diameter of 25 mm are driven into them. Subsequently, wall beams will be “put on” on these dowels. From above, they are fixed with upper strapping boards and dowels.

The bar is put on with the lower end on the dowel, fixed in the lower harness.
Then, lightly tapping with a hammer, put its upper part in place, which is immediately fixed with a dowel, driving it into the hole in the upper trim, coinciding with the hole in the end of the beam.
The bars forming the wall have 4 holes for dowels along the length. They are located on the faces that will be directed along the wall axis. With the help of these holes, adjacent bars are connected with each other by two dowels, which gives the wall greater rigidity.
The cladding details are installed in the grooves formed between two adjacent bars.

What else you need to know about NATURI technology

If the house is e, then the construction of the furnace is best done at the initial stage of construction in order to avoid problems with passing the chimney through the floors and roof structures.

The technology has a number of advantages in comparison with the construction of a house from horizontal elements:

Due to the fact that the shrinkage of wood along the fibers is 50-80 times less than across, the house does not require exposure to shrinkage.
Dowel joints contribute to increased stability of the building.
The timber that swells during operation forms an array with high rates of wind and noise protection, improves the energy efficiency of the house.
Thanks to the full walls, natural air exchange is maintained in the house, forced ventilation is not required.
Buildings of any shape can be built from profiled elements.
The installation process is fast, thanks to the unification of factory elements.
It is possible to build at any time of the year and in any climatic zone.
NATURI technology has good compatibility with frame structures.

The disadvantages of technology include the following circumstances:

Due to swelling, the walls turn almost into a monolith, so it is impossible to disassemble and transport such a building to another place.
The construction technology itself requires high professionalism of the construction team.

The NATURI wooden house construction technology allows you to build a house in a short time without having to wait for the log house to shrink. At the same time, wall caulking and others are not required.

Building materials offered by the modern market are diverse and versatile. erection vertical timber houses - a new trend, which appeared in Russia relatively recently.

It is believed that the technology of vertical construction originated in Austria, where the climatic conditions in the mountains, with strong winds and an abundance of snow, required special qualities from housing. The house should be warm and resistant to moisture, wind, snow.

Often houses made of vertical timber are also called Norwegian. It is believed that the Norwegian poor built their houses from logs that were sawn from both sides. The blank for construction in its section did not look like either a bar or a log. The two straight sides were longer than the other two rounded ones. They could be installed both vertically and horizontally. The wider side of the section of the workpiece helped to save on the amount of material. And the remnants of the material sawn from the logs were used for the construction of the roof.

Norwegian house, its advantages

This style of construction is a practical solution. wooden blanks, placed vertically, do not shrink, therefore, during the construction of Norwegian houses there is no post-shrinkage period.

This is rapidly erected houses, their construction and commissioning takes place within a few months.

Blanks for construction are made from wooden raw materials dried to a certain level of humidity, and represent a prefabricated structure of several elements. Between workpiece elements air cavities appear, which makes such a house warmer. A house made of vertical timber is 1.5 times warmer than a house made of glued timber and 2 times warmer than a house made of logs.

All workpieces are processed on a planing and milling machine and have a flat and smooth surface. Such houses do not need further finishing, except for the protection of wood.

In the production of blanks adhesives are not used, it is eco-friendly houses.

Blanks can perform from several types of wood and combine them in one structure. For example, the outer part of the house can be made of larch, which is highly resistant to moisture. And the interior of the house can be made from cedar, known for its healing properties and high content of antioxidants.
Pine can also be used for the production of vertical timber.

Pieces are very light, one workpiece can be carried by one person, which allows build houses in hard-to-reach places for equipment.

Using the vertical bar as a new and upgraded trend

The construction of wooden houses from a vertical beam was actively used in Europe in the 30s of the 20th century. Since then, the materials used to create them have been improved and modified over the years, improving their quality characteristics.
The construction of low-rise buildings based on wooden blanks, in particular from vertical timber, is in demand today, and is actively offered by modern construction companies.
When using this material, a structure of any size and area is obtained, which is highly resistant to natural and mechanical loads.
Its useful to note high thermal insulation performance of cottages created on the basis of Norwegian technology. Modern blanks have a complex cross section, which distinguishes them from other building materials.

Construction is carried out with the help of parts, on all sides of which there are special cuts.

Natural air enters them, which significantly increases the thermal performance of the finished house.

Cold outdoor air is difficult to penetrate into the room.
The connection of the elements occurs due to several groove-plank joints, which makes the wall of the vertical beam monolithic. Additional fastening of elements is carried out using dowels, bottom and top of each blank of a vertical beam. Pins are placed in the lower and upper strapping bars. Between themselves, the vertical bars are fastened with a groove-to-groove connection and are additionally tightened horizontally with a dowel.
The thickness of the workpiece can be different, but not less than 180 mm.
Due to the light weight of the bars, their transportation, loading and unloading does not cause any difficulties. Noted Enough fast construction time such, for example, in 5 months, an object with an area of 200 square meters is completely erected. m.

Disadvantages of houses made of vertical timber

The construction of the described objects is unusual and in demand, however, it involves application in practice of specialized equipment, installations. Only in this way can Norwegian house designs be fully translated into reality.

When building from vertical bars, it is imperative to use guide elements that are fixed in their upper and lower parts. Therefore, such technology does not make it possible to create a cottage with a luxurious attic. It will turn out an object with one, two full-fledged floors, the project of the house will be very concise in its layout.

Step-by-step production of vertical bars:

sorting and selection of raw materials, checking its quality indicators;
subsequent sawing into blanks of the required dimensions;
the stage of drying the obtained blanks in special conditions is obligatory;
carrying out milling work;
creation of technological holes in the already prepared material by drilling;
final laying and packaging of vertical blanks.

I.e the process of creating the blanks themselves is long in time. Based on the costs incurred for their manufacture, blanks cannot be cheap.

The very technology of erecting houses from a vertical beam is interesting and seeks to minimize the disadvantages of wooden housing construction.

It is known that the weather conditions of the mountainous regions of Austria largely coincide with the climatic conditions of the temperate zone of Russia (with clearly defined four seasons). It is not surprising that projects involving the use of a vertical bar are widely applicable and quite in demand.

The construction of houses from vertical timber is a relatively new technology that has appeared in Russia. It is generally accepted that the technology was born in the mountainous regions of Austria, where the climate conditions require the construction of buildings that are resistant to strong winds and precipitation. However, more often such houses are called Norwegian, apparently due to the proximity of the appearance of the building to the Scandinavian style. The new method is called Naturi, it is perfect for the conditions of the Russian climate and, judging by the reviews, is becoming in demand.

Vertical timber house

What will be discussed:

Material preparation

The walls are built from elements - beams. When harvesting, longitudinal cuts are made in the bars, which avoids further deformation of the material. The beam is installed vertically, the elements are interconnected into a monolithic wall, thanks to the grooves and ridges, which is very similar to assembling a puzzle picture. Part of a monolithic wall of bars is shown in the photo.

The main requirements for the material are quality and dryness. The wood must be free of knots and cracks, otherwise defects can seriously affect the durability of the building. An important stage is the drying of wood. The final element must not contain more than 12% moisture. Drying technology combines both natural conditions and special rooms in which the timber is brought to the required level of humidity.

The main stages of timber preparation:

Selection, sorting of raw materials, quality control;
Sawing blanks of the size required for the project;
Drying blanks using a special technology;
Milling elements, additional quality control;
Drilling additional grooves required for construction;
Laying and packaging of timber.

Building a house from a vertical beam according to Naturi technology allows the use of blank beams with a minimum thickness of 180 mm.

Features of design and installation

Projects of houses from a vertical bar are striking in variety. You can create wooden houses of both classical and very complex geometric shapes. This approach is very much appreciated by designers, especially when working on an individual order. The material for construction may differ in different parts of the house. Using different types of wood will make the house cozier and more functional. Outside, you can use moisture-resistant tree species, inside you can build walls from rocks containing substances that are beneficial to health. For example, coniferous timber has a beneficial effect on the nervous system.

Since the vertical beam is a very light material, it is easy to deliver it to the installation site and install it yourself, without the use of special equipment.

The elements have grooves on four sides and are filled with air. The complex connection profile of the elements makes it difficult for cold air to enter the living space. Wooden houses made of Naturi vertical timber have excellent thermal insulation performance. According to the reviews of the owners, the rooms are much warmer than in houses made of logs or glued beams.

As an additional fastener, dowels made of wood are used, which are placed below and above each element.

Installation consists of several stages:

Foundation preparation.
Boards with holes for dowels are laid on the foundation.
The pins are inserted into the holes, the bars are vertically installed on the pins.
The ends are fastened with horizontal dowels at the top and bottom.
At the same time, house cladding elements are inserted into the grooves.

On the video you can see some of the stages of mounting the bars.

Advantages of the method

Naturi technology has many advantages:

Only natural, high-quality wood is used as a material for blanks. Production excludes the processing of timber with adhesives. Wooden houses built from such material are environmentally friendly, have a natural, natural look.
The blanks are machined to a state of smoothness, have a flat surface, which avoids further finishing. Only standard protection of wood from external influences and insects is required.
The beam is lightweight, you can move it with your own hands.
Houses built vertically from timber do not shrink. You can move into such a house and start finishing immediately after the construction is completed.

Buildings are particularly durable and resistant to stress, wind and moisture resistance.
Rapidity. On average, the construction of a house with an area of 200 sq.m lasts 3 months.

What are the disadvantages

The main disadvantage of building houses from a vertical beam is the complexity of the technology for the production of blanks. Numerous stages of working with wood involve a long process, sometimes longer in time than the final assembly. In addition, production costs cause a rather high cost of timber.

A feature of the construction is the use of guide parts at the top and bottom of the structure, which excludes the possibility of implementing some projects, for example, an attic. Vertical timber allows you to build houses in one or two full floors.

Pretty difficult to assemble by hand. A slight misalignment of the installed bars leads to significant discrepancies. In this case, part of the wall will have to be dismantled, and the damaged beam replaced. Elements cannot be reused after dismantling. To avoid problems, owners should entrust the installation of the building to experienced workers.

Conclusion

The new Austrian Naturi technology makes it possible to build environmentally friendly, durable wooden structures without significant problems and rather quickly, which will last for decades. With the help of the “groove-to-groove” technology, the living quarters receive high thermal insulation, and the wood processing at the preparation stage gives the interior of the built house a natural look without additional finishing.

They enjoy great success due to their high energy-saving qualities and environmental friendliness. It would seem that nothing new can be invented, but it turns out that this is not so. Today the site has collected interesting material for you about what houses made of vertical timber are.

Houses built using this technology have a wide range of design solutions. The vertical arrangement of structural elements allows you to choose any height of ceilings and complex wall configurations.

The customer can be offered a choice of standard projects, or you can create your own unique building design. Turnkey construction of houses from vertical timber is a successful and sought-after type of business. Here are examples of architectural solutions for buildings made of vertical timber:

What is the new technology of wooden housing construction from a vertical beam

The technology called Naturi was first tested in Austria about a hundred years ago. Now, thanks to the efforts of modern builders, it has been polished and brought to perfection.

Curvilinear cuts firmly connect the structural elements and at the same time practically do not shrink. Walls made of such material do not crack and do not deform under high load, and this allows you to increase the number of storeys of a wooden house up to 3 floors.

Requirements for materials for construction

The quality of the timber is an important component of successful construction. The most popular in this regard is larch wood. She is not afraid of temperature changes and almost does not deform from a long one. Another great option is cedar. Houses made of it will cost a lot, but as a bonus, you will get the healing effects of cedar wood.

Important requirements for a vertical bar:

absence of defects in the form of knots and cracks;
perfect drying, no more than 12 percent humidity;
strict geometric shapes.

Such houses can be treated with nothing from the inside and outside. The wood has a beautiful structure and can remain in its natural beauty.

Important! The technology of such construction requires factory processing of timber. You can't do it manually, so don't even try.

Before construction begins, all material is sorted.

What foundation is used for vertical timber houses

Wooden houses are relatively light in weight, so they do not require particularly durable and deepened. Traditionally, they are installed under such structures. In this case, the basement can be arranged in the house. The second most popular option for building a house from a vertical beam is a columnar foundation. The pillars are connected by a harness, on which it is mounted.

Important! The foundation for a wooden house must be equipped with reliable waterproofing so that moisture does not destroy the material of the walls.

What is the technology of building a house from a vertical beam

Assembling a house from a vertical beam is somewhat reminiscent of working with a children's designer.

It is important to control the vertical and horizontal planes using the building level

A feature of this assembly is that the corners have a monolithic structure. The whole assembly goes very quickly, the house can be assembled in a matter of days. Small air pockets remain inside the timber walls, which improve buildings.

Since the vertical glued timber has a very complex configuration of joints, the walls assembled from it are very strong. Additionally, the upper and lower edges of the walls are reinforced with tongues.

More about the technology in this video material:

For houses in central Russia, a material thickness of 18 centimeters is sufficient. Given the minimum shrinkage period, the house can be occupied in 3-4 months.

Reviews of the owners about the advantages of houses from a vertical bursa

Each sandpiper praises his own swamp, but practice shows that positive reviews about houses made of vertical bursa using Naturi technology are really fair. No wonder the innovation of the Austrians is spreading so rapidly around the world.

Happy owners of such cottages note the short construction time and the almost complete absence of shrinkage.

Such designs are distinguished by excellent energy saving. The vertical setting of the log does not allow wind and draft to penetrate through the walls. In general, the thermal conductivity of such a house is one and a half times lower than, for example, buildings made of cross-laid laminated timber.

When using this technology, there is no need to additionally lay or some kind of adhesive composition. Wood is located in its natural vertical position, and this gives additional advantages in finishing.

Disadvantages of vertical timber houses

It must be admitted that houses made of vertical timber are not without problems and shortcomings. The main disadvantage is the cost of the material. This is understandable, because the timber undergoes complex processing: it is dried using a special technology, locking elements are made on it.

The second drawback worth mentioning is the impossibility of reusing elements. That is, such a house cannot be disassembled and assembled in a new place.

It is for this reason that it is so important to follow all the assembly rules, rework in case of failure will cost you too much.

Examples of projects and prices for vertical timber houses

From the vertical bursa, you can build classic buildings and houses with complex geometry. Designers of the developer company can offer many interesting solutions. Architects suggest using moisture-resistant wood for exterior walls, and healthy cedar or pine for interior walls.

Photo projects of houses from a vertical beam on the 1st floor

- a popular request from the owners. From a vertical bursa, you can build the following houses:

Wooden houses firmly occupy the construction niche of individual developers due to environmental friendliness, naturalness, original exterior and low cost of construction and operation. Timber houses are one of the promising areas, and vertical timber occupies a special place in the line of recommended lumber. A variant of building a house from a vertical beam is the naturi technology. What is it, and why is a vertical beam preferable to a traditional horizontal log house?

Benefits of Naturi technology

In the manufacture of lumber for a log house, only solid wood is used, often northern species, which gives the beam strength and density;
The stability of the building to mechanical and seismic loads ensures the safety of living and operating housing;
Excellent sound insulation and wear resistance of building surfaces;
Construction without harmful toxic adhesives and thermal insulation layers, environmental friendliness;
Robust mounting using the "groove-plank" method;
The absence of shrinkage when laying timber in a vertical way ensures quick construction and the same quick start of operation of the house.

House projects

The difference between naturi technology and other methods of wooden construction consists of only three points, but they provide all the advantages that were mentioned above:

Vertical assembly of structures completely eliminates the shrinkage of the building box;
The high precision of prefabrication of house elements ensures the correctness of the geometry of the object and the high speed of assembly of the building;
Lack of glued parts and layers of timber;
The minimum humidity due to chamber drying of the timber is the consistent transformation of prefabricated elements into a single structural array. During operation, all wood used in construction gains moisture in the same way, which means it swells in the same way, which contributes to a stronger adhesion of elements and structures to each other.

The advantages of assembling from a vertical beam over housing from horizontal elements:

Wood shrinks 80 times less along the fibers than in the transverse direction;
Dowels (dowels) are considered the most durable connection of wooden elements, which affects the strength of the house;
Dry timber, gaining moisture during the operation of the finished house, is compacted, which improves sound insulation, wind protection and thermal performance of the building;
A house made of vertical timber does not require forced ventilation due to the existing natural air exchange;
Projects of houses from a vertical bar can be of any shape and complexity;
Unified parts allow you to mount the frame several times faster.

The raw material for the naturi technology is thin logs of coniferous trees. On skinned logs, the soft outer part of the wood is removed, leaving only the core, and it is cut into boards of standard length - 2.5 meters, 3 and 6 meters. Drying of blanks is carried out first in a natural way - in the air without exposure to sunlight, and then in a drying chamber. At the output, the moisture content of lumber should not exceed 12%.

Finishing such a house from a vertical beam, you can use larch for external walls, and cedar for internal surfaces, which, in addition to its beautiful texture, has healing properties due to the phytoncides contained in its wood. In any case, vertical timber house projects will cost the developer less in the long run due to longer operation, so material and construction prices are not the main thing in the choice of material and project.

The factory set of the house according to naturi technology includes the following profiled elements:

Milled profiled timber;
Complex milled elements for exterior and interior decoration of the building;
Board for the lower and upper strapping, on which the roof and walls are attached;
Dowels or dowels for connecting the timber to each other and to the strapping;
Finish profile.

The entire vertical bar is a new technology of wooden housing construction which is used in naturi - it is a complex milled wooden profile with precisely aligned holes for tongues along the ends and along the length of the element. How it looks is shown in the first picture.

Wooden elements for home decoration are products that are flat on the outside and profiled on the inside. Assembly accuracy is ensured by computer programming of all elements, followed by 3-D visualization of the assembly process. Therefore, the construction of such a house is a collection of elements tightly fitted to each other, and the disadvantages of such an installation are practically absent. Elements are for a wide range of purposes, that is, they can be used to assemble walls of different thicknesses, as well as partitions or horizontal planes.

Double-row timber walls have a thickness of 300 mm, three-row - 400 mm. Typical projects have single-row partitions with a minimum thickness of 100 mm, a maximum thickness of 200 mm.

Wall assembly

Even processed timber requires protection from moisture. And this is done by laying several layers of waterproofing material on the foundation. In addition, additional protection of the beam from decay is provided by lining boards 50 x 250 mm in size, impregnated with an antiseptic. The first horizontal row of timber with a standard section of 250 x 100 mm is laid on the boards, and this entire multilayer structure is attached to the base on the anchor.

The next step in the installation is laying two rows of strapping boards on the beam. The boards, like the beam, have pre-prepared holes for the tongues, which are used as a template in further assembly, and in the lower beam, the holes must be drilled according to this template, and the tongues Ø 25 mm should be inserted into them. The tongues fixed in this way will be the axis for the wall beam. The upper part of the beam is also fastened with tongues and strapping. In addition to these elements, support bars are mounted to which the upper strapping board will be attached.

Then the bars are put on one at a time on the tongues - the lower end, and its upper part is fixed in place with the same dowel-dowel in the upper harness. For all these operations, there are factory holes in the elements. All wall beams are equipped with four holes for fastening with tongues. The holes are drilled on the axial faces of the timber.

Therefore, it turns out that all the bars are connected not only at the top and bottom, but also in two places between each other, the design of the prefabricated wall turns out to be quite rigid and dense. Does not require the use of additional fastening and insulation. Facing elements are inserted into the factory grooves, which are obtained by connecting two bars.

The NATURI technology makes it possible to create designs for houses up to three floors high, and such buildings will be assembled without additional hardware and fixtures, but will be just as strong.

Also, the vertical beam provides for such nuances as stove heating, which is important for a country house. In this case, all necessary changes are made to the project at the initial stage of its development.

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