Submersible drainage pump for dirty water. Dirty water pump: selection nuances, operating rules Low-power drainage pumps for dirty water

There are several types of submersible pumps. These can be both conventional well models for pumping water into the water supply system, and drainage samples, which are necessary for more highly specialized tasks.

It is about drainage pumps for pumping water that will be discussed now.

See also: Grundfos drainage pump range.

1 Purpose and features

Standard pumps are engaged in pumping water from wells or clean sources. Their task is simple and trivial, but without the regular performance of these functions, one cannot imagine any in a modern house.

Drainage pumps perform slightly different functions. They are intended for pumping contaminated liquid. That is, the fluid that somehow interferes with you and must be pumped out.

There are many useful examples. Rising groundwater levels alone regularly flood huge amounts of basements and drainage systems with polluted liquid. Removing it from there manually is very difficult. You will have to spend a huge amount of time and effort, and the result is unlikely to impress you.

If you use a submersible mud pump, then it will cope with the same work on its own and, without exaggeration, ten times faster. There are problems in other areas of human life. Very often, sewerage is clogged in areas, especially if it was not laid according to all standards and could not maintain the correct degree of slope or angle of rotation.

Canals of drainage systems can also become clogged, this often happens during the rainy seasons, when too much water washes away the soil. If it is not removed on time, then this will become a problem for your well or well, as this liquid needs to go somewhere.

2 Types and differences

Drainage submersible pumps are in themselves a type of equipment that is used to pump water. However, from the lines of this equipment, there are several interesting varieties that should be considered.

So, drainage models according to the type of working environment are divided into samples for interaction with:

• cold liquid;
• hot liquid.

This is a rather important point, since not all devices are able to work with. The fact is that the drainage pump must be located directly in the working environment.

Moreover, he must be there constantly, all the time while work is in progress. Accordingly, the case is affected not only by an aggressive environment from a dirty liquid, but also by a hot temperature, and, as you know, it can even melt or break the integrity of cheap polymers.

Another caveat is that the drain engine is prone to overheating. Moreover, it overheats, even being in a cold liquid. That is why it is recommended to deal with them very carefully.

The problem can be solved by purchasing more expensive pumps such as Grundfos, Park, Caliber or Karcher, but even these manufacturers are not able to guarantee you complete protection against overheating. The hot environment only exacerbates an already difficult situation.

It is with these parameters that the second presented type of pumps differs from the first. The first samples are mostly cheap or medium-priced devices made from common materials (for example,).

The latter are produced only by large companies such as Grundfos, Park or Karcher. They are assembled from high quality plastic and metal, equipped with good protection against overheating and, in general, are much more productive than their counterparts in appearance.

According to the type of protective element, they are divided into:

• Devices without protection;
• Devices with filters;
• Shredder devices.

Representatives of the first class in our time are rare. These are rather pumps that, due to their features, do not pay attention to waste in the working fluid. The second are protected by mesh. This is the most common class of drains.

Still others are not so directly related to drainage models. They are equipped with chopping mechanical knives, but as a rule, they already belong to fecal samples. The line between them is quite thin, but it exists and must be taken into account.

2.1 Popular manufacturers

Drainers for dirty liquids are produced quite widely. In the modern market, they are represented by a huge number of companies and possible variations. However, we will now highlight only a few of the most popular and really noteworthy manufacturers. We have already mentioned them above - these are pumps from:

• Grundfos;
• park;
• Caliber;
• Karcher.

Grundfos has been in the market for pumping and plumbing equipment for a very long time. Grundfos products are hugely popular all over the world, and for good reason. A similar situation exists with pumping equipment, in particular, with drainage pumps.

Grundfos drains boast exceptional quality, durability and reliability. At the same time, the price of equipment from Grundfos, although it is at a fairly high level, still allows it to compete with other manufacturers.

The same is true with Karcher. However, the Karcher brand is much more recognizable. After all, this is a German company with a huge name and a long history. The guys from Karcher create drainage pumps in a plastic shell. They are extremely reliable and productive, but also cost decently.

Park boasts the average performance of its equipment. However, this is what most buyers want. Not every person is trying to buy the most powerful sample of the pump, but by and large, he does not need it. But the products from Park just provide an opportunity to buy the unit that is optimal in terms of its characteristics and price.

Caliber products have a slightly different direction. The developer does not even hide that he is not able to compete in quality and power with leading brands. On the contrary, the Caliber company is trying to attract its customers with the practicality and, importantly, the cheapness of its products.

Caliber pumps are convenient in that they are easy to mount, repair, and in the event of a breakdown, they can be replaced with new ones without a serious blow to the wallet.

At the same time, we still note that the equipment from the Caliber company is not bad. It’s just that Caliber pumps are spared from a huge number of fashionable bells and whistles that are inherent in models from world brands such as Grundfos or Karcher. These are workhorses, which, however, perfectly cope with their tasks.

2.2 Installation technology for submersible drainage pumps

Installing modern submersible type drains is very easy. They are specially designed and thought out so that the installation process takes extremely little time.

All that is required of you is to install the pump in the working plane, after connecting the hose and electricity to it. It is also necessary to use a float switch, which automatically blocks the operation of the engine when the water level drops critically.

As a rule, switches are already connected to the pump, but this is not always the case. After that, it remains only to hang or install the unit in the working plane.

If you decide to put it on the bottom, then it will not be superfluous to do it on some kind of plate or something like that. In this case, you will get rid of potential problems that are associated with the suction of stones and other objects from the bottom by the drainer.

2.3 Overview of the drainage pump from Karcher (video)

Reading 6 min.

Owners of private households are faced with the accumulation of polluted water. If it is necessary to pump out polluted or waste water in private houses or summer cottages, specialized mechanisms are used. Such mechanisms are called drainage pumps.

They are also used in construction for pumping water from pits, etc.

Variety of mud pumps

Pumps for pumping dirty water are of two types:

• submersible units;
• surface units.

Submersible

The submersible pump is immersed in contaminated liquid during operation. It features a wide working chamber and a mechanism that is resistant to dirt particles of various origins. Submersible pumps have the following advantages:

• Quiet operation during operation
• resistant to negative temperatures;
• pumping liquid from a depth to a great height;
• cooling occurs due to the working fluid.

The disadvantages include the need to adjust the float switch.

Surface

Are operated, being near the pumped-out liquid. Only the suction hose is immersed.

Advantages of surface-type units:

• ease of use;
• mobility;
• budget cost;
• fast installation;
• low wear parts;
• installed on a flat surface.

Flaws:

• no cooling system. For cooling, the device is turned off;
• operation at positive temperature;
• noise;
• poor performance.

Surface apparatus cannot cope with liquids in which there is an admixture of solid particles larger than ten millimeters. They pump out water from a depth of up to five meters.

Used for pumping groundwater from basements, emptying tanks, pools.

Surface mechanisms are divided into the following modifications:

• centrifugal. There are single-stage and;
• vortex. Pumping clean liquid;
• water ring. Cope with air masses in liquid;
• self-priming. Are intended for pumping of sand and pure liquid;
• self-priming portable mechanisms. Separate air from water. Compact devices with low weight.

By injection type:

• vibration mechanisms;
• centrifugal devices.

Most often, pumping occurs with centrifugal devices.

Impeller shape:

• open impeller. Apparatuses of this type cope with thick masses and contaminated liquid;
• single wheel. Devices of this type pump out viscous liquids. Used as a pump for pumping sludge;
• rotary wheel, shifted back. productive model. Minus - energy consumption and high cost.

The principle of operation of the pump for pumping dirty water

Dirty water pumps differ in their ability to cope with impurities up to fifty millimeters in size. Particles are sandy, silty or stone.

The design for pumping out contaminated water consists of two parts:

• power plant;
• working chamber.

The electric motor with the help of a shaft transmits torque to the impeller. The impeller throws the liquid against the outer wall of the chamber. At this point, a high pressure is formed at the outlet of the pipe. A check valve is installed to prevent the return of liquid. The vacuum at the inlet pipe is formed due to the high pressure at the outlet of the pipe. Due to the rarefaction, the liquid rises into the chamber.

To protect the device from silt and sand of large sizes, a filter is installed.

What is the best dirty water pump?

Before purchasing an apparatus, you need to know how dirty water is and what size particles are in it. There is a list of recommendations for this.

Selection Tips:

• appointment. When choosing a model, take into account what viscosity the device will work with. Each model has its own characteristics;
• pump and its features. It is better to choose models that have overheating protection, automatic shutdown when a certain water level is reached and a filter;
• type of pump. Depending on the capabilities, requirements for the device, submersible or surface types of devices are selected. Each of the types has its own characteristics (given above);
• manufacturer. When choosing, it is worth considering the rating of the manufacturer and model. By studying the reviews on models and manufacturers, it is easier to decide on the choice of a reliable device. It is better to choose devices that have proven themselves from the best side and have a well-known name;
• performance. Before buying, calculate the required performance of the device.

How to choose a drainage or fecal pump (video)

Operating rules

In order for the submersible pumps for dirty water to work properly, it is necessary to adhere to the operating rules. The rules vary depending on the type of mechanism. The surface pump for dirty water is placed on land.

Operating rules:

• surface devices are connected to electricity through a differentiator. This event will prevent the motor from burning out in the event of a power surge;
• surface aggregates when working with a solid mud admixture quickly break down. For such purposes, submersible drainage mechanisms for water are used;
• submersible pumps cope well with impurities of pollution with a diameter of more than five centimeters. Superficial - up to five centimeters. This is taken into account when operating devices in different conditions;
• during operation, the electric pump must be at rest, it should not be moved or lifted;
• at negative temperatures, a surface drainage pump located on an open area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe ground is prohibited to use. When working, the unit is in a closed room or is insulated;

By following the operating rules, a manual or electric household pump will last up to ten years.

Common Models

We have a wide range of products for dirty water. Popular Dirty Water Drainage Pumps are described below.

Common brands:

1. Sturm.
2. Grundfos.
3. Makita.
4. Yermak.

Units for dirty water Sturm. The Sturm wp9709sw Submersible Dirty Liquid Pump handles solid particles up to 3.6 centimeters in diameter. Productivity-233 liters per minute. The difference of this device is in the cutting element, which grinds particles of dirt. Diving depth is five meters. The body is made of cast iron. Equipped with a float switch.

Water pump CMI. The CMI 400 submersible model copes with sand and silt particles as small as 3 centimeters. Operated at a depth of eight meters. The float switch protects against dry running.

Grundfos pump. Monoblock centrifugal pump nb 50 Grundfos pumps water with very small particles. Other name . The fluid flow rate is fifty cubic meters per hour. Power 7.5 kW. The weight of the apparatus is ninety-five kilograms. Used as a garden pump.

Submersible unit Makita PF 0410 works with dirty water with impurities up to 3.5 cm in size. Diving depth is five meters. Weight three kilograms.

The garden pump for dirty water Ermak NP 400 W is immersed to a depth of five meters. The diameter of the suction particles is five millimeters. Equipped with a float switch. Works with water temperatures up to thirty-five degrees.

The problem of pumping melt and storm water is well known to most owners of country houses and summer cottages. Therefore, sooner or later, each of them has to think about how to choose a drainage pump for pumping dirty water, because getting rid of it with buckets is very difficult physically, and calling utility services is not very cheap. So, the purchase of such a drainage pump can be a real salvation for the household, especially since, together with the pumping out of water formed during a heavy downpour or flood, the pump can help solve many household problems. For example, it can be used to quickly pump out water from a pool or pond, and even water the garden by lowering the hose into a water source located in the immediate vicinity of the house. Moreover, drainage pumps can be called more convenient and versatile compared to devices designed to work inside wells and wells, since they can pump not only clean, but also heavily polluted water.

According to the method of fluid intake, drainage pumps for dirty water divided into two types: submersible and surface.

Surface pumps are used for pumping liquids with a small level of pollution, containing particles with a fraction size, not exceeding 10 mm. Surface drainage to start work must be placed on a solid, even surface, lowering the inlet pipe coming from the device to the bottom of the cleaned reservoir or room. A distinctive feature of units of this type is their low power, so they are more suitable for occasional use. For example, they can effectively clean a flooded basement once or twice a season and water the garden from time to time. Submersible Drainage Pumps during operation, they are placed at the bottom of the water intake source. Designed for pumping contaminated water containing in its composition large particles up to 5 cm in size.

Important: To clean a septic tank or cesspool, you need to use a special pump for pumping dirty water, called faecal. Its difference from the drainage pump lies in the presence in its design of a special grinder that crushes all the solid particles present in the wastewater. Thanks to this device, the fecal pump does not clog and works more efficiently in heavily polluted waters with various fibrous inclusions.

The advantages of both types of pumps, as well as their "weaknesses" are presented in the following table:

Please note that a submersible pump for pumping dirty water is more intended for operation in wells with a great depth or for pumping heavily polluted water, so if you need to pump out a small amount of relatively clean water, it is not advisable to use it. To do this, it is better to use a pump with a surface intake.

Application and operating conditions

Due to their practicality and versatility, drainage pumps for pumping dirty water have a fairly wide range of applications on an industrial and domestic scale. In particular, they are used for the following purposes:

• Pumping water in case of breakthroughs and accidents of the centralized sewerage pipeline.
• Drainage of basements and basements when they are flooded with flood waters.
• Removal of excess water accumulated as a result of intense and prolonged rainfall.
• Cleaning of reservoirs of artificial origin (pools, ponds, etc.).
• Irrigation of large areas by drip irrigation.

In order for the drainage pumps to function correctly and smoothly, the following conditions must be met:

• Operating temperature of pumps: no more than +40 ⁰С.
• Density of liquid intended for pumping: 1000-1200 kg/m 3 .
• The presence of solid impurities: no more than 10%.
• Voltage: for industrial pumps - three-phase, 380 V; for household - single-phase, 220 V.
• Frequency: 50 Hz.

Device and principle of operation

The Dirty Water Garden Drainage Pump is a compact device consisting of a housing with a pump assembly and an electric motor inside. The electric motor consists of a stator, a rotor and bearing assemblies. On the rotor shaft is a centrifugal impeller. As a rule, it is made of durable, wear-resistant materials: stainless steel, cast iron, plastic, which may vary depending on the scope of use and the power of the device.

The working chamber of the drainage pump is quite capacious and spacious, due to which large elements present in the water pass freely from the suction grate to the outlet pipe without affecting the performance of the device. However, this does not mean that such a pump can suck particles of any size. Its lower part is equipped with a suction grate, which has two rows of holes that allow impurities of a certain diameter to pass through. For example, 5, 25 mm, etc.

The pump may include temperature relay, which automatically turns off the device in case of overheating. Many modern pump models are also equipped with a special dry running protection. This is a float switch that turns off the pump motor when the water drops below the set level.

Drainage pumps of submersible and surface type can operate on a vortex, centrifugal and vibration principle. At the same time, vibration-type units, due to their sensitivity to the content of impurities in the liquid, are designed for pumping clean water. Devices pumping heavily contaminated liquids most often operate according to a centrifugal scheme. Mechanism of action: A running electric motor transmits rotation to the impeller, which throws water to the outer surface of the pump chamber, which creates high pressure in the outlet pipe. At the same time, the working chamber is equipped with a system of valves installed at its inlet in order to prevent the reverse flow of water. Due to the occurrence of high pressure in the outlet pipe, a rarefaction occurs in the intake part of the pump, which ensures the suction of liquid.

Selection rules

In order to decide which drainage pump for dirty water is best, it is necessary, first of all, to decide what tasks it will perform, taking into account the following factors:

• Type of liquid being pumped.

That is, if you have to pump clean water, without impurities of sand, silt and other contaminants, you can use models with a small nominal diameter. For cleaning construction pits, cesspools and other places with heavy pollution, it is necessary to use pumps of the appropriate types, equipped with special filters.

• Performance.

In this case, one should focus on the nature and degree of use of the pump (the amount of liquid that it has to pump out per unit time), given that the vertical rise of one meter of water is equal to ten meters pumped from a horizontal plane.

Please note: models with a power of 200-400 W can pump up to 80-100 liters of liquid per minute. Pumps of the "middle class", having a power of 400-1000 W - up to 200-300 liters per minute.

• The location of the suction pipe.

It can be lower, side and upper. To clean flooded rooms and containers, you should choose models with a lower nozzle location. For the intake of liquid from silty reservoirs - with an upper one.

• Availability of additional features.

This is an automation system, a float system for starting and installing, protection against overheating and short circuits, etc. When buying a drainage pump for dirty water, before choosing this device, you need to pay attention to the following points:

• For a family of 4 people and maintenance of a plot of 6 acres, a pump with a capacity of 120 l / min is enough.
• The device must be connected to the power supply using a differential circuit breaker.
• Drainage pumps must not be used for pumping liquids of a flammable and chemically aggressive nature.

Prices for drainage pumps

When wondering which drain pump to choose for dirty water, the price for making a decision is also an important factor. Below is an estimated cost for some popular models.

Many owners of private houses have to solve the problem of pumping dirty water on their own. For example, when floods occur in the spring as a result of the melting of a large amount of snow, not every owner has the opportunity to use the services of public utilities, because they are very expensive. But even with the help of buckets, it will not be possible to cope with a large amount of water, because in the first days of the flood it arrives much faster than it is scooped out.

The best option in this difficult case would be to use a drainage pump for dirty water. With the help of such a pump, you can pump out water not only from a basement overflowing with floods, but also from your own pool or ornamental pond located on a personal plot. By the way, a drainage type pump is quite suitable not only for pumping out dirty water, but also for watering the garden.

To this end, the pump is simply lowered into a nearby reservoir (if there is one), and water is pumped from there through a hose directly to the garden. It should be noted that borehole or well pumps are not suitable for this purpose, since dirty water is present in natural reservoirs, and such units are designed specifically to work with clean water.

It is for this reason that you should always have a drain pump for dirty water in your household. The purpose of this article is to provide readers with information on how to choose a drainage pump for dirty water.

main destination

Dirty water pumps are of the drainage type, and therefore their design and use is similar to the principles of operation of fecal pumps. If you want some tips on choosing a dirty water drain pump, be sure to watch this video:

However, there is a huge difference between these two pump models.

1. So, they are designed more for pumping liquids with a high degree of viscosity, in which fibrous inclusions are present. To pump out such liquids, fecal-type pumps are equipped with special knives that turn large inclusions into a homogeneous finely dispersed mass. As for solid inclusions in dirty water, they are categorically contraindicated for fecal pumps, since they can disable not only the cutting elements of the knives, but also the impeller (or rather, its working blades).
2. The situation is quite different with special pumps specially designed for pumping dirty water. They, on the contrary, cannot work when pumping liquids with fibrous inclusions, but water with solid inclusions can be pumped out without any problems. The device of the drainage pump for dirty water is such that it can be used to pump out dirty water, which will contain insoluble (or poorly soluble) particles (for example, sand, silt, pebbles of a certain size). All permissible parameters of such inclusions must be displayed in the passport attached to the product.

Depending on the model, the drainage pump is capable of operating with solid particles ranging in diameter from 5 to 50 mm. The design features of drainage pumps for dirty water determine the breadth of their scope, which can be as follows:

• Spring floods, heavy snowmelt, prolonged rainfall. In this case, the situation may develop in such a way that storm drains will not be able to cope with a large flow of water. as a result of this, basement floors of cellars and basements of residential buildings will be flooded. A drainage pump in such a situation will help to carry out urgent drainage emergency work.
• The dirty water drainage pump can be installed in the basement as a stationary device. If the automation is properly configured, it will carefully monitor the state of the groundwater level and constantly keep the room dry.
• Maintenance of artificial reservoirs is another important task that a dirty water drainage pump can handle. If necessary, it is impossible to drain such a reservoir in order to clean or completely replace the water, or to maintain the required level of its filling without a high-quality drainage pump.
• Prefabricated containers from a domestic or drainage sewer system, which do not provide for independent drainage of liquid. Periodically, dirty water is pumped out of them using drainage pumps. The water settled after such pumping is conducted to special filtration fields, centralized collectors or natural reservoirs. Sometimes this water is pumped into tanks for the purpose of its further use for technical needs.
• Without local treatment systems, the premises of car washes and car repair shops cannot function normally. These are strict hygiene regulations. Dirty water in such systems is collected in primary collectors or pits, and it is pumped out from there using dirty water drainage pumps.
• Dirty water fecal pumps have found their way into the agricultural environment as well. It is with their help that water is pumped from natural or artificial reservoirs to irrigated agricultural areas.
• Dirty water pumps are known for their versatility. Manufacturers of such pumps create them for use in pumping and pumping dirty water, but nothing prevents the pump from being used for pumping clean water (for example, from a well or a well).
• The pump for pumping out dirty water can also be used to fill containers located at high altitudes with clean water. These can be tanks or barrels that are part of the autonomous water supply system of residential buildings, installed on an outdoor shower or in a bath of a water tank.

In Photo #1, readers can see the dirty water drain pump in action.

At its core, the described pumps are characterized as drainage, and are designed to work with dirty water. However, it should be understood that there are many different models of drainage pumps with individual design features. In accordance with them, the specifics of the application are determined.

Accompanying documentation is attached to each model of the drainage pump, which necessarily indicates information on the size of the fractions with which the unit can work. The permissible composition of suspensions is also indicated in such documents.

For example, a drainage pump can pump dirty water that contains elements of inorganic origin (fibrous particles, threads, etc.), animal hair or hair. Such aggregates may well be singled out in a separate group. For domestic needs, experts recommend using drainage pumps capable of pumping water, which contains solid particles up to 10-15 mm in size.

Device

Any pump intended for pumping dirty water basically contains a power unit characterized by a certain level of power, as well as a working chamber, which creates the optimal working pressure for pumping liquid. The power unit is most often powered by electric current.

The device of the drainage pump will depend on its type and operating parameters. According to their principle of operation, such designs are divided into centrifugal, vortex and vibration type pumps.

The device of a centrifugal pump (which, by the way, belongs to surface-type structures intended for pumping contaminated water) is represented by the following elements:

• Housing made of cast iron or stainless steel.
• Impeller, characterized by an open type and also made of stainless steel or brass.
• Connecting elements made of stainless steel or cast iron.
• The main (leading) shaft, created from chromium-nickel or stainless steel.
• The motor is single-phase, equipped with thermal insulation and external ventilation with parameters 2308-50 Hz.

Photo No. 2 shows a schematic of a drainage pump for pumping dirty water.

Drainage pumps of a vibration type are recommended mainly for pumping clean water, since they are characterized by a high level of sensitivity to various kinds of impurities. Most of the drainage pumps are characterized by a centrifugal type device.

The operation of the entire pump design is carried out in the following sequence.

1. After the start of the operation of the electric motor, the rotation from it is transmitted to the impeller.
2. Under the influence of pressure from the side of the impeller, water is thrown with force to the outer wall of the tank, as a result of which a high level of pressure is formed in the outlet pipe. In the working chamber (more precisely, before entering it), a whole system of valves is installed, which is necessary to prevent the backflow of dirty water.
3. Due to the presence of an increased level of pressure in the outlet part of the pumping line, a rarefaction is formed in the intake section of the drainage pump, which favors the effective absorption of water.

The design of the drainage pump is in a durable metal housing with excellent protective characteristics. Submersible drainage pumps are most often made of stainless steel, and surface pumping structures are made of composite alloys, steel or cast iron. If the pump model has low power, then the casing for it can be made of impact-resistant polymer material.

The device of the impeller of the drainage pump, the diameter of the internal channels of the pump, as well as the material from which this element is made, allow the entire structure to work smoothly, with the ability to pass solid particles of a certain diameter.

In order to prevent larger parts from entering the working structure, a protective mesh is usually installed on the pump inlet pipe, the cells of which have a certain size. If the pump is a surface pump, then the mesh is installed on it in the inlet part of the intake sleeve.

In Photo No. 3, you can see a schematic representation of a drainage pump immersed in water.

As for the design of the element called the impeller, it may also have some differences depending on the pump model. Here are the main ones:

• The most common scheme, in accordance with which the design of the pump impeller is carried out, is the one in which there is a single-channel impeller that allows pumping liquid with a high degree of viscosity.
• The best option when it is necessary to pump large volumes of water would be drainage pumps with an open impeller. Such products will cope equally well with pumping heavily polluted water and pumping fecal effluents.
• But if the power of the drainage pump is of great importance to you, then the best choice in this case is to purchase a device equipped with a vortex wheel (shifted slightly back, the so-called rotary type). True, this design has its drawbacks, the main of which are the high level of energy costs and the high cost of the pump.

The principles of operation with surface pumps are based solely on visual inspection. But submersible drainage pumps are often equipped with float sensors, which eliminates the need for constant and continuous monitoring of their activities. When equipping submersible pumps with controller sensors, manufacturers pursue at least two goals:

1. A properly debugged and well-tuned system will help to constantly maintain the optimal water level in the pumped tank. Such a device will avoid overfilling the tank and turn off (or, conversely, turn on) the drainage pump in time.
2. Automation will immediately respond in the event of any emergency. For example, it is with its help that the power supply is turned off in the event that the water level drops to critical levels, which causes the pump casing to open. Such situations, in the absence of automatic shutdown, often lead to burnout of the drainage pump and its failure.

Most of the models of drainage pumps are designed for pumping cold water with a temperature not higher than 35-40 ºC. If, according to the operating conditions, it is supposed to pump heated (hot) water, then the best option would be to choose a design with the appropriate parameters, which are necessarily indicated in the technical documentation for the device.

I would like to draw the attention of readers to another type of pump, which is more often used in construction when it is required to pump out groundwater from pits. Such pumps are called diaphragm pumps, and are mostly equipped with gasoline engines.

This is very convenient, since construction sites do not always have access to electrical energy. Models of membrane drainage pumps with a gasoline engine are installed by manufacturers on special platforms with wheels, which makes it possible to move the device from one place to another without any problems.

The device of the diaphragm pump is such that there are practically no moving parts in it that would create friction against each other during operation. And therefore, such models may well be used for pumping dirty water containing clay, pulp, and even small pebbles. This type of pump must be equipped with a reinforced suction hose.

When installing a membrane-type pump, its manufacturers provide for the possibility of diverting water from an excavated pit directly during construction work. The membrane model of the drainage pump for dirty water consists of the following elements:

1. A trench or ditch that functions as a drain.
2. Pit.
3. Lowering of the groundwater level.
4. Drainage loading.
5. Diaphragm type surface pump.
6. Inventory spacers.
7. Groove fastening.
8. Suction hose equipped with a protective filtration mesh. the height of this sleeve should not exceed 5-6 meters.

With the help of a membrane-type drainage pump, builders lower the level of high-lying groundwater during excavation work.

Pros and cons

The pros and cons of drainage pumps largely depend on their type. For example, the positive characteristics of surface pumps include:

• High degree of mobility. Surface pumps can be installed on any level ground, and the main condition for their operation is the presence of a nearby power supply (if the pump is equipped with an electric motor).
• Great power. Surface pumps have the ability to pump dirty water vertically, lifting it from a depth of up to 10 m, and in the horizontal direction, such devices can move water several tens of meters.
• The wear of parts of a surface-type drainage pump will be minimal, since the product is not operated in aggressive environmental conditions.
• The surface pump can be installed in any room if there is a flat surface. You can work with such a device in the garage, and in the basement, and in the house, and in the cellar.

Photo No. 4 shows a surface drainage pump installed directly on the grass, which indicates its mobility.

• Most models of surface pumps can work continuously for a long period of time.
• If we compare the cost of surface pumping units with the price of deep, submersible and semi-submersible pumps, then it will be significantly lower.

The main disadvantages of a surface pump include the following characteristics:

• Inability to operate in deep tanks and wells. These pumps must not be submerged in water.
• The surface pump heats up very quickly, and in the absence of a high-quality cooling system in it, one can only count on a short operation of the structure.
• This type of pumping structures is poorly protected from external weather influences. If a negative temperature is set outside, then it is impossible to work with a surface drainage pump.
• Surface type pumps often operate with high noise levels. This happens due to the special design of the engine.
• Suction pipes and hoses of surface pumps must be connected correctly. It will not be possible for inexperienced craftsmen to do this without the help of a specialist. Incorrect installation of the suction pipe will invariably lead to inefficient use of the pump or its rapid failure due to a tightened or torn flexible hose.

Photo No. 5 shows the procedure for debugging a drainage pump for pumping dirty water.

The main advantages of a submersible drainage pump is the ability of this device to pump water from great depths (up to 50 m). it can be installed in wells of great depth and wells. Another advantage of the design is the compact size, as well as the tightness of the case. The device is easy to operate, and its motor runs almost silently.

Other advantages of a submersible drainage pump include:

• The presence of an impact-resistant, corrosion-resistant and well-insulated case, which will be immersed in a pond or tank with dirty water.
• The submersible type pump does not require cooling, and the removal of excess heat is carried out during the pumping of cold water.
• The risk of freezing of the device in the cold season is minimized.
• The submersible pump works silently.
• The pressure of the water column is very high, which allows pumping water from very great depths.

The main disadvantage of a submersible drainage pump is the same sealed housing. Yes, of course, it reliably protects the internal contents of the product, but if any breakdowns occur, repairs will not work, you will have to change the unit to a new one. In addition, a submersible-type drainage pump is categorically not recommended for draining shallow water bodies.

Such a unit works correctly only when completely immersed in water, and therefore it will not help to pump out all the water from shallow reservoirs. During its operation, you should constantly monitor the water level, and if this does not work out, the device will fail, burn out. Among other disadvantages of a submersible pump for pumping dirty water are:

• Difficulties in preparing for work. The first step is to properly immerse the pump in the reservoir, and then set up the float automatics.
• If drainage work is carried out constantly in one place, it becomes necessary to install a special design, with metal guides. With their help, the device is lowered down onto the stationary type intake flange.
• The device is subject to special requirements regarding electrical safety. The insulation of electrical cables must be intact.

Types of drainage pumps

Most of the drainage pumps for dirty water are made according to two schemes: surface and submersible. Each of these schemes has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. How the drainage pump works is well shown in the following video:

Photo No. 6 shows a range of drainage pumps from various manufacturers.

Surface

Surface pumps - in them, the pumping unit and the power engine are installed on a dry surface above ground level, not far from the place where the water will be taken from. sometimes the device of a surface pump is carried out on a special float raft.

The advantages of this type of pump are, first of all, in its mobility and ease of operation. Readers can learn more about the types of drainage pumps from the following video:

The liquid is pumped by such a device through a special sleeve, lowered directly into a reservoir or a special tank filled with dirty water. Such a device can be easily transferred from one place to another, but it will only work if there is a power source. However, today there is a better option. It consists in the use of ground-type pumping units operating on diesel fuel.

Photo #7 shows a surface type drain pump installed to remove dirty water.

Submersible

The operation of a submersible drainage pump is somewhat different than a surface one. It is completely placed in the water, which should be pumped out. The submersible unit is capable of pumping out too dirty water, in which there are solid inclusions with a diameter of up to 5 cm. The mechanism is equipped with a large working chamber, and due to this, all debris, together with the liquid, passes unhindered outside without clogging the unit.

Photo No. 8 shows a submersible drainage sediment for dirty water.

The submersible pump for pumping water is divided into subspecies, namely, industrial and domestic. Naturally, if you need to pump out water in a small summer cottage, then you should not give preference to an industrial drainage pump. Such a device operates at high power, which leads to its high performance.

Of course, a device of low power and productivity will also cope with a small volume of water, so it is better not to pay too much for an industrial unit. In addition, you will have to overpay not only for the device itself, but also for the consumed electricity, which an industrial pump consumes in much larger quantities than a household unit that works with small volumes of water.

Photo No. 9 demonstrates the process of installing a submersible drainage pump.

Help in choosing

Before you buy a drainage pump for pumping water, you should carefully study its characteristics, as well as read the recommendations of experts on the choice of such devices. We present to the readers the main of these recommendations.

1. Purpose of the device. If you decide to buy a drainage pump, you should understand that, regardless of its model, it is intended for pumping dirty water from collectors, tanks, basements, etc. at the same time, each of the pump models has its own characteristics and features.
2. Pump type. Units for pumping water can belong to the surface or submersible type. Which one to choose, everyone decides individually, focusing on the features of further operation. The surface pump is mounted in the immediate vicinity of the reservoir, and only the suction hose is immersed in water from it. The surface pump is used only for short-term operation, it is capable of pumping only not too polluted water from a depth of no more than 5 m. At the same time, in the cold winter period, the operation of surface-type drainage pumps is very difficult. If you need a unit for pumping water from great depths, then the best option would be to buy a submersible pump. It will not only help to pump water from great depths, but will also be able to work efficiently with liquids containing solid fractions of various sizes.
3. Features of the installation of automation. In front of the pump blades (called the impeller), a protective mesh must be located. It is good if the drainage pump is also equipped with overheating protection and an automatic shutdown function in case of a drop in water level.

In order to choose the right drainage pump for removing dirty water, you should know the principles of operation of such mechanisms, as well as their constituent parts. Photo No. 10 shows a detailed device for a drainage pump.

1. performance of the pumping unit. In order to choose the right drainage pump, some calculation work should be done in advance. Builders advise when making calculations to make a margin of about 25-30%. You should also pay attention to how exactly the suction pipe is located. If it is at the bottom, then all the water will be pumped from the tank using such a pump, and even along with dirt and solid particles. If the branch pipe is located at the top of the pump housing, then the water from the tank will not be pumped out completely, some of it will still remain in the tank. For example, using a drain pump with a top suction nozzle will not completely pump out all the water from the drain well.

How to properly use and maintain

The operation and maintenance of drainage pumps for pumping water depends on which type a particular unit belongs to. For example, a surface pump must never be completely immersed in water, since the device is only adapted to work on land. Also, surface pumping units are not recommended for pumping clean water. details about drainage pumps for pumping dirty water are described in the following video:

Manufacturers create such devices only for pumping dirty liquids, making the suction holes wide enough and thereby orienting them to the presence of small solid particles in the water.

In Photo No. 11, you can see how the drainage pump is immersed in dirty water.

There are several important rules in accordance with which the drainage pump should be operated.

1. If the pump for pumping water belongs to the surface type, then special attention should be paid to its correct connection to the electrical network. It is better to do this with the help of an automatic device that differentiates the supply of electricity and thereby protects the unit from burnout, possible failure as a result of a sudden power surge.
2. If solid inclusions of large diameter (more than 5 cm) are present in the water, then it is better not to pump it out with a surface pump. A submersible type pump unit should be selected for this purpose.
3. If there is a need to pump out aggressive liquids, solvents, gasoline, kerosene, flammable liquids, oily and caustic compounds, petroleum products, then a surface pump is not suitable for such purposes.
4. You should not give preference to a surface-type pump even if you need to pump out liquids containing insoluble particles (for example, tree branches, metal or plastic debris, other solid debris). If this requirement is not taken into account, then the surface pump will quickly fail.
5. It is impossible to move the pump from place to place, transport it, tilt it or shake it while pumping water.
6. If the outside air temperature drops below 0 ºC, then the surface pump cannot be used. So that the water pumping system does not freeze, it should either be placed in a closed and warm room, or well insulated.

Prices

Dirty water pump prices may vary depending on the brand, country of manufacture, brand awareness. Note that most of the models of drainage pumps used for pumping dirty water belong to the middle price category.

Sometimes the prices for such units may differ depending on the region of their implementation. The difference in price is, on average, 1500-2000 rubles. Here are some examples of prices for drainage pumps from different manufacturers.

1. Aiken is a Chinese manufacturer of a drainage pump that sets the price of its product at 2950 rubles.
2. Grunfos Unilift is a surface pump for pumping dirty water of class CC 5 A1 at a cost of 7400 rubles.
3. Grunfos Unilift is a surface pump for pumping dirty water class AP 12 manufactured in Denmark. Its cost is 17350 rubles.
4. Pedrollo is an Italian-made drainage pump for pumping dirty water, characterized by class D 20 and priced at 13,820 rubles.
5. Al-ko Drain is a German-made submersible pump. It is characterized by a capacity of 187 liters per minute, the ability to lift dirty liquid from a depth of up to 9 m. The cost of the device is approximately 3,000 rubles.
6. Gileks is a surface pump for pumping water from Russian manufacturers. It can create a pressure up to 11 m, it is equipped with an electric cord about 10 m long, capable of increasing by 2.5 and even 4 times using standard connectors. You can buy a drainage pump of the Gileks model at a cost of 4990 rubles.

Photo number 12 shows several models of drainage pumps for dirty water. The price of each of them differs depending on the functions performed, power and other important performance characteristics.