How to lay tiles on underfloor heating. After how many days can you turn on the underfloor heating after laying the tiles. Filling the base: what and how

In construction, safety is paramount. When laying a warm floor, there are some time limits, if they are violated, the durability of the entire system will suffer.

Since the installation of a warm floor is a long-term project and takes at least a month, many people are interested in the question - how long after laying the tiles can the warm floor be turned on?

When will the screed dry?

The opinions of the masters differ somewhat, but there is a logical answer. The main thing is to wait for the screed to dry completely - the drying time is written on the package.

For warm mats and tile adhesive, it takes about 2 weeks. When 30 days have passed, do not rush to turn on the system at full capacity, so as not to harm the system, because you need to swing it - it's like running a car, start at 25 degrees and add little by little throughout the week.

If your option is an electric cable with a cement screed, then so that no one speaks, but the package says that the complete drying of the cement is 30 days. If you think that it is better to turn it on earlier so that the screed dries faster, then no, the whole system may deteriorate.

How soon after laying the tiles can I turn on the underfloor heating?

And so the screed dried up, now:

We turn on the system for 20 days and keep a small temperature around 35 degrees
Then turn off the underfloor heating a few days before installing the tiles
When the installation process is in progress, the surface should not be warmer than 25 degrees
Now the most important thing, if all the processes and rules are followed, then the floor can be turned on 20 days after the installation of the tiles, such a solution will extend the service life.

Important:(It is better to wait a little than to rush and turn on warm floors earlier, if the glue is not dry, then the tile will fall off).

The question is - how long after laying the tiles can you turn on the underfloor heating, the answer may contain several pitfalls, depending on the quality of the materials and the brand, be sure to consider everything.

If you still have questions after reading the article " How long after laying the tiles can I turn on the underfloor heating", then consult with our professionals. We will be happy to help you!

To do this, you just need to order a call and we will call you back!

When it comes to repairs and the question of choosing a material for the floor, you should pay attention to the tiles. This is the perfect cover for the bathroom or kitchen. This is explained by the fact that a common problem for rooms with high humidity is the formation of harmful fungi such as mold under the coatings. Quite often you may encounter the fact that the floor in these rooms is cold. Therefore, some people prefer to lay rugs on the cold floors of bathrooms, because stepping on a cool or icy floor after a warm shower is not very pleasant. How to be? Lay tiles on a warm floor!

The easiest way to get a beautiful front lawn
Of course, you have seen the perfect lawn in the movies, on the alley, and perhaps on the neighbor's lawn. Those who have ever tried to grow a green area in their area will no doubt say that this is a huge job. The lawn requires careful planting, care, fertilization, watering. However, only inexperienced gardeners think so, professionals have long known about the innovative tool - liquid turf AquaGrazz.

So-called warm floors are in the class of expensive repairs, although more and more publicly available options have recently appeared. Electric and warm water floor stand out. The first is heated by a special electric drive, electric mats and infrared floors. The water floor is somewhat inferior to the first option, and it is better to make a choice in favor of an electric one.

Infra-red flooring deserves special mention because it can be laid under any material, from ceramic tiles to laminate. Preference should be given to Korean and Russian manufacturers.

electric mat

Let's take a closer look at the principle of laying a film underfloor heating, which is otherwise called an electric mat.

Before starting work, we need to prepare the necessary:

components of our electric mat;
temperature sensors;
thermostats;
cutting object (clerical knife);
adhesive tape, masking tape is better.

Stages of work:

We calculate and measure the area covered by the film floor.
Preparing heating elements for installation. We cut the film along a special dotted line (it is important not to violate the integrity of the heating elements). Then we mount the contact clamps with thermostats and temperature sensors, creating a circuit from the elements of our floor.
We carry out work on the preparation of the floor surface. We remove the old flooring and remove all construction debris. It is important to eliminate all visual defects before starting work. If the base of the floor is made of concrete, then it will be necessary to wipe the cracks, level all the pits and recesses.

After our base is ready, we apply a primer component, then fill in a layer of a special adhesive solution. Lay insulation on the floor - until the adhesive mixture dries completely. In the process of work, you can cover the surface with special plates or an insulating film, this measure will help make the future floor stronger and more reliable. Yes, and the performance of thermal insulation will only increase.
We proceed to lay out the floor elements, fixing them with masking tape. In the film (thermofilm), you will need to make cutouts: under the connection of the contacts and under the main power wire. The main wire is connected to the thermostat and the start-up of the finished system is carried out. This stage is necessary in order to make sure that all work is done correctly. If everything is normal, then after a while after turning on the floor will start to heat up.
We apply a layer of grout - elastic or putty.
We carry out a layer with waterproofing properties to prevent water from penetrating to our warm floor. For greater reliability, some of the professionals apply not one, but two layers with waterproofing properties.

We carry out a coupler

Next, we carry out a screed. To do this, you will need to lay a coating of mounting mesh, on top of which we apply a layer of cement-sand mixture.

Electric floor features

The so-called electric mats, the installation features of which we have considered, are recommended for use without any “buts” only for facing the surface with ceramic tiles or stone, PVC coatings, parquets or carpets are acceptable.

When choosing an electrically heated floor option, keep in mind that one regulator can only serve about 8 squares. In case of work with a larger area, an additional installation of a protective relay will be required.

We discussed the features and benefits of laying tiles on a warm floor at the beginning of this article. These are excellent indicators of resistance to fungal infections, and the possibility of laying a warm floor under such material.

For installation and laying tiles, we need:

Adhesive for tiles, which will help to carry out laying on the installed underfloor heating.
The so-called grout for tiling.
A spatula, preferably two - of different widths, and even better if they are made of plastic.
Spatula with teeth (notched).
Special crosses made of plastic.
Rake, preferably wooden.
Building level.

Stages of work:

We dilute the tile adhesive and apply it to an area approximately equal to the area of \u200b\u200bthe tile (preferably with a margin).
We also apply the composition of the adhesive to the tile itself using a spatula with teeth.
We put the smeared tile on the area covered with the composition, slightly pressing on it. It is important to maintain evenness of laying.
To align the seams between the sheets of tiles, you will need to install plastic crosses prepared in advance at the joints. The calculation is as follows: one cross for four tiles (1x4).

We check whether the laying work has been done smoothly. If exactly, then delete the crosses. It is important to do everything at the highest possible speed, otherwise the adhesive coating will dry out, and then it will be problematic to level the unevenly laid floor.
It should be understood that before the coating is completely dry, you should not walk and knock on it in order to avoid unplanned deformations.
After the adhesive mixture has dried, and there has been a strong fixation of the tiled coating, you can safely proceed to rubbing the seams. It is important to fill the seams between the tiles completely. Even if excesses form, they can be easily removed with a knife or a special wash.

It is important to remember that before the systems are completely dry, you should not connect and let our warm floor work! It is recommended to wait about 3 weeks before operating the system.

Although in terms of its characteristics, both operational and thermal, such a floor is inferior to an electric one, however, at the moment, many people, when renovating bathrooms and kitchens, prefer a water-heated floor, choosing it rather than an electric one. Why?

The design principle of a water-heated floor is to install a pipeline on a base under a coating, whether it be tiles or laminate. As in the case of electric underfloor heating, the installation of a cement-sand screed will be required.

Installing a warm water floor includes the following steps:

We prepare the base, that is, we remove the old coating and remove various construction debris, dust and suspensions.
We mount the screed, which acts as an equalizer.
We install the so-called damper tape around the entire perimeter of the working surface.
We install polystyrene foam insulation.
We install the pipeline system and connect it to the collector.
We fill the warm water floor with a cement-sand mixture screed.
At the end of the process, we lay our tiles, but only after the screed has completely dried.

It is worth noting one important advantage of this system on water - when using it, the air is heated evenly throughout the room, such a water-based floor can replace the heating system.

The disadvantages of this variety include: installation difficulties, a decrease in the total height of the room in which a water-heated floor is installed, as well as the possibility of installation only in private houses.

Preparing the surface for tiles

Before laying the tiles, it is important to make sure that all communications of our underfloor heating are carefully hidden. The base for the material to be laid must be perfectly level in order to avoid future repairs and dismantling problems in the event of defects.

As noted earlier, ordinary tile adhesive is suitable for laying tiles. Such glue is sold in the form of dry mixes, but you can also find a ready-to-use consistency in special containers.

Dry mix for tiles is of the following varieties: basic (for surfaces without defects); reinforced (for laying tiles of a large area); universal mixture (suitable for all types of work and laying of any type of tiles).

For laying tiles on a warm floor with a water heating system, we need the following set of tools:

Adhesive mixture for tiles.
Ground mix.
The so-called fugue for seams.
Solution containers.
A tool for stirring glue, such as a drill with a special nozzle.
A tool for cutting tiles such as a grinder or a "tile cutter".
Spatula with teeth.
Rubber spatula.
Hammer made of wood or rubber.
Cross stitches.
Cleaning rag.
Tools for measuring and drawing such as tape measure, ruler and construction pencil.
Individual protection means.

Installing tiles on underfloor heating

We lay out our tiles “dry” on a warm floor, this is done to accommodate the “trimming”. The seam dimensions must be taken into account.
We clean the working area and tiles from the other side from dirt and suspensions.
We dilute a little glue for tiles, as the instructions for use say.
Using a spatula with teeth, we evenly apply a layer of mortar on the tile itself.
We lay one row of tiled flooring and put our crosses in order to create even seams. We also check this row for evenness with the help of a building level, in case of defects, we correct them with a light hammer.
In the same way, we lay the subsequent rows of tiled flooring.
After the glue mixture has dried, we begin to overwrite the seams. To do this, we need a diluted fugue, which we will apply to the seams with a rubber spatula.
After applying it, without waiting for drying, we wash the fugue with a cleaning cloth.

So, subject to all the moments of the technology of laying tiles on a warm floor, this process will become simple and interesting for you. Good luck!

In the bath, in the sauna, in our kitchen or in the bathroom, we try to use ceramic tiles as flooring. The good old tile that we are used to is very convenient and practical in terms of operation. They try to use it in those rooms where high humidity is constantly present and there is a high probability of water getting on the floor. Ceramics behave stably in contact with water. Glossy smooth surface of the tile, its dense stone structure is stable and does not corrode. In addition, such a surface is very convenient to keep clean, without giving a chance for the development of fungus, mold and the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria.

Despite the high performance, tiled flooring has one significant drawback. The material has extremely low thermal conductivity. The appearance of a tiled floor already a priori gives the impression of a clean and cold surface. In fact, it is. In physical contact when in contact with cold ceramic tiles, we experience discomfort. There is always a desire to make your floor in the bathroom, in the shower room of the sauna or in the kitchen was warm. This problem can be solved quite simply if the tiles are laid on a warm water floor. How to do it? Let's look at the whole process step by step in detail.

The combination of warm water floors with ceramic tiles

The emergence of water floor heating made it possible to radically solve the problem of heating in residential premises. The efficiency of this method of heating the interior is an order of magnitude higher in comparison with the operation of traditional heating radiators. The very idea of underfloor heating in domestic premises where there is high humidity and it is technologically necessary to have a clean floor surface is not new. Heating ceramic floors significantly increases the level of comfort in heated rooms and improves their performance.

For reference: in the usual version, the tiled floor has a temperature 5-10 0 lower than the air mass in the floor layer. This is where the effect of “cold floors” arises, which we have to put up with.

We remember very well what our feelings are in the pool, where literally everything is tiled. It is extremely uncomfortable in such an environment where the walls and floor, despite the apparent cleanliness, are cold, wet and unpleasant to the touch. For the first time, a water-heated floor under a tile was installed in England in the mid-50s of the last century. During the construction of the Olympic swimming pool, the organizers of the competitions demanded that the builders make artificial heating of the tiled floor inside the pool. Despite the fact that in those years this technical improvement was fabulously expensive, the positive effect of this know-how was immediately appreciated.

Today, such an opportunity is no longer something expensive and unattainable. Warm floors today can be found literally everywhere. Country houses, cottages and dachas, designed for long and comfortable living, are massively equipped with heating floors. Laying tiles on a water-heated floor is practiced today in the construction of saunas and baths. Many residents try to lay the water heating circuit under the ceramic tile flooring in the bathroom, in the bathrooms or in the kitchen.

Installing a heating system for underfloor heating in a house is associated with large-scale work. In old buildings, the installation of water floors is associated with the solution of numerous problems. In new residential buildings, the installation of a water-heated floor, designed for tiles, is much easier and easier to implement.

Laying a warm water floor in inhabited objects solves several problems at the same time. Even considering the very principle of operation of water floors, it is already becoming clear what floor heating in combination with ceramic tiles gives. The main thing that can be achieved in such cases is to significantly increase the level of comfort in the premises. Frequent visitors to saunas and baths know perfectly well what a warm tiled floor is!

Tiles, any other ceramic coating in combination with the operation of water heating circuits laid in the floor, have a lot of advantages and disadvantages. Thanks to technological features, heating floors allow you to evenly distribute the right amount of heat over the entire surface of the hearth. The principle of space heating creates not only an acceptable temperature balance, but also allows you to significantly improve the quality characteristics of the floor covering. When using concrete screed, tile is the ideal flooring option, especially when it comes to furnishing a kitchen or bathroom.

It is possible to use a ceramic coating in combination with a floor heating system. Especially this method of laying is relevant for country houses, baths and sanu, the design of which is mainly made of wood. The presence of a water floor under the tiles in the bath or in the sauna, the problem is completely solvable. The main thing is to observe the stacking technology of the stacked structure and foresee the option of flooring in advance.

Advantages and disadvantages of tiled floor heating

A small bathroom, a kitchen or a whole bath complex, all these objects can be successfully heated with water heated floors. Such installation is possible under certain conditions. We have a ready-made heating system project on hand, according to which the heating circuit loops are laid, and service equipment has been selected. Thermal calculations will allow you to determine the power of the heating device, to make the correct scheme for laying water pipes.

What do you expect in the end? Recall the advantages of underfloor heating, covered with tiles or other ceramic material on top. For example:

The heated floor creates a comfortable temperature inside the room.
The surface of the floor dries quickly, remaining warm and dry during the operation of the premises.
Laying underfloor heating under the tiles does not require additional financial costs.
Underfloor heating in the bathroom can be used in combination with traditional, radiator heating.
The tiled floor with heating is absolutely not subject to the formation of mold and pathogens harmful to humans.
The tiled floor with water heating will be warm, pleasant to the touch at any time.
Compliance of the warm tiled floor in baths and saunas with the necessary sanitary norms and standards.

Knowing about such advantages, you will certainly want to make a warm floor with your own hands, laying the water circuit under the tile. From a technical point of view, this process is not particularly difficult. The only condition is strict adherence to the laying technology. The design of the water floor requires strict adherence to the sequence of all stages of installation.

Important! It should be remembered that tiles significantly increase the strength of the entire structure. In addition to the concrete monolith, a solid ceramic coating is added. In case of emergencies, without knowing the exact location of the water circuit, you will have to tear off a rather large fragment of both tiles and concrete screed.

For the equipment of water floors in wooden buildings, it is necessary to properly lay the floor structure, not forgetting about additional sheets of plywood, GVL or chipboard. Without additional rigidity, the tiled floor will play, which will certainly affect the integrity of the ceramic surface.

We are considering options for a warm water floor for ceramic tiles

There is no particular difficulty in choosing the option of a water-heated floor for space heating. The only difference is which installation method to choose: concrete underfloor heating or flooring system. It already depends on what room you plan to work in.

For country houses, wooden buildings, a flooring system would be ideal. The absence of solid concrete floors does not allow installing heating floors in a concrete screed in baths and saunas, in the country house. Here it will be successful to use a modular or slatted flooring system. In the usual version, in a capital durable stone structure for underfloor heating, it is best to focus on the construction of a concrete-based water floor.

For reference: weight of one sq. meters of concrete screed with heating circuit pipes is 200-300 kg. In a stone building, interfloor floors are able to withstand such an additional load, which cannot be said about wooden buildings.

Having a task in front of you, to make a warm floor throughout the house or to equip floors with underfloor heating in the bathroom, start designing water floors on a concrete basis. Tiles on such a surface fit without problems. The main condition for using tiles is a perfectly flat surface. With wooden structures of water floors, it is rather problematic to achieve such an indicator, especially over a large area.

On a note: for the installation of underfloor heating under ceramic tiles, the technology allows you to create a dry screed. The design differs in necessary durability and rigidity. On top of the typesetting structure, sheets of plywood, GVL or chipboard are laid, with the help of which the surface is leveled.

Having achieved a solid and reliable design of the water floor, having started the heating system, you can start finishing work, installing flooring.

How to lay pvc tiles on underfloor heating

In principle, the installation of water-heating floors under tiles or under any other ceramic coating is no different. The pipes of the water circuit are laid in the traditional manner, in the usual pattern, snake or snail. The pipes of the heating circuit should lie closer to the wall panels. Be sure to follow the step in the process of laying the pipe. For small heated rooms, it is best to focus on a laying step of 20-25 cm. Then everything is done according to the knurled pattern. Either a wooden structure is being set, or water circuits are being poured with concrete.

Important! Laying tiles is carried out only after checking the performance of the heating system. Otherwise, in case of improper laying of the loops of water circuits and in case of emergency leakage, you will have to tear off the tile. All your work will go down the drain.

Before you start working with tiles, you need to carefully prepare the surface of the floor. Concrete screed or flooring system, you will still need to clean the floor, bringing it to a perfectly clean and even condition.

The evenness of the floor is not a whim of the masters. In addition to keeping the tile firmly on the floor, a level screed will ensure proper heat distribution throughout the entire floor surface. The tile is laid on an adhesive base. Tile adhesive must be waterproof and non-toxic. When the floor is heated, intensive evaporation of the chemicals that make up the floor coverings is often observed. Therefore, when choosing an adhesive, be sure to look at its marking.

In custody

For small rooms, the optimal scheme for laying the pipeline under the tile is the snake scheme. For large rooms, a snail or spiral laying scheme is perfect. Due to parallel circuits, main and return, uniform heating of the entire floor surface over a large area is achieved. Technologically, a do-it-yourself tile floor must meet the requirements and tasks that are set for the heating system in each case.

The main difficulties with tiles arise when the technology for creating a layer cake is violated during the installation process. Lack of waterproofing or poor thermal insulation will cause your heat to go down the main stream. Ceramics have low thermal conductivity, so if the heating medium temperature is insufficient, concrete screed and ceramic tiles will become a serious obstacle. The optimum heat carrier temperature for concrete floors with ceramic tiles is 50 0 C. Otherwise, the concrete layer and ceramic tiles will warm up for a long time, respectively, heat will flow into the room in a limited space.

Underfloor heating is gaining more and more popularity. For its finishing coating use a laminate, parquet board or ceramic tile. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages. For flooring in the bathroom, toilet, kitchen, hallway, ceramic tiles are often used. Proper laying of tiles on a warm floor is the key to its reliability and durability.

First of all, you need to figure out what a warm floor is, what types of it are, how they are mounted. This information will help you post it correctly.

Underfloor heating is a multilayer system consisting of a heater, a heating element, a supporting cement-sand screed and a top coat.

There are two types of underfloor heating suitable for laying ceramic tiles:

electric;
water.

Electric

It is worth considering the features of installing an electric underfloor heating under ceramic tiles. It is a suitable system for ceramic veneering.

There are two types of heating:

Heating by cables. The base is examined first. If it is without obvious potholes, then a cable is laid on it. The base is leveled with a cement-sand screed. Then a layer of insulation 50-70 mm thick is laid. It has waterproofing. After that, heating elements are mounted, which are poured with a cement-sand screed or a ready-made mixture for a warm floor. Then ceramic granite is laid on a special adhesive for underfloor heating. Such a system "eats" up to 100 mm of room height.

Mat heating. They need a flat surface to install. Any unevenness or sharp chipping can cause a violation of the insulation of the wires and subsequently the failure of the entire system. If there are cracks or potholes on the rough base, they are sealed. Then the mats are mounted, which are connected into a single system. After that, their performance is checked. At the final stage, ceramic granite is laid on. The thickness of such a base is only 40-50 mm, which is much less than that of a similar system with cable heating.

Infrared mats for tiles

This is a type of electric heating. The infrared floor consists of bimetallic or carbon plates sewn into a polyethylene film.

For a porcelain stoneware base, it is better to use carbon plate mats. Bimetallic - prone to corrosion.

First of all, the surface for laying mats is checked. All irregularities are sealed, or a leveling screed is poured. Then a layer of heat-reflecting material is laid. A fiberglass mesh with a mesh size of 30 × 30 mm is mounted on it.

Rolls of infrared floor 1000 mm wide are rolled onto the finished base. Then the whole system is connected to an electrical circuit. On the finished floor, ceramic granite is laid on a special glue.

The power cable must be directly under the tiles.

Water

He did not find application in apartments. Suitable for heating large areas in private houses and public buildings.

First of all, the base is leveled. The screed is poured over the entire surface of the floor. Then a damper tape is laid, on which a layer of insulation 50-70 mm thick is mounted. The most common heat-insulating material is mineral wool or expanded polystyrene.

Pipes for hot water are mounted on the prepared base and connected to the general heating system. A cement-sand screed is poured from above. You can use a ready-made self-leveling floor. At the final stage, ceramic granite is laid. Water floor heating "eats" up to 150 mm of room height.

The optimal base for laying porcelain stoneware is an electrically heated floor. It is suitable for small living spaces, baths, toilets, hallways. The technology of tiling electric and water heated floors is the same.

Underfloor heating tiles

The rules for laying it on a warm floor do not differ from the rules for facing a conventional surface. The exception is the choice of tile adhesive. For a warm floor, there is a special adhesive with increased plasticity. It contains thermoregulating additives.

Materials and tools

Tile adhesive for underfloor heating;
Grout for seams;
Deep penetration soil or concrete contact;
Comb trowel, 100-150 mm;
Rubber spatula, 50-70 mm;
Crosses for seams;
Electric drill:
Rubber mallet;
Mixer nozzle;
Building level, 700-1000 mm;
Tile cutter or glass cutter;
Mastic;
Paint roller, 250 mm;
Protective rubber gloves and goggles;
Thin cord and chalk.

Material Quantity Calculation

First of all, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is calculated. Then the number of boxes with tiles is determined. Each one has an area. A margin of 10% is added to the result obtained for trimming and fitting.

The amount of adhesive depends on the unevenness of the base and the thickness of the layer. Average values for consumption per square meter are given on the packaging. Soil norm 200-300 gr./m2.

Training

Before laying the tiles, preparatory work is carried out. Most often, the base of a warm floor under a tile is a cement-sand screed. It is impregnated with deep penetration soil or concrete contact. Concrete heated floors are covered with plastic wrap or impregnated with bituminous mastic.

The drying time of the soil is 2-3 hours. To improve adhesion, the floor can be treated 2 times.

Room layout

There are two main ways to lay tiles on a warm floor: in rows or in a run. In the first case, all horizontal and vertical seams of the rows coincide. In the second - the warm floor is laid in a checkerboard pattern. The installation method does not affect performance.

The layout of the room starts from the longest wall. With the help of chalk and a thin lace, the first row is beaten off. From it the rest of the room is marked. This method is suitable for classic styling without additional patterns.

When it is necessary to lay ceramic granite with a pattern, then diagonals are beaten off. This is done with rope and chalk. The intersection point is the center of the room. The whole drawing is laid out from it.

If you plan to lay out a drawing or a diagonal, then first the entire tile is laid out “dry”. This is done to check the calculations and the actual layout.

Laying technology

Preparation of tile adhesive for underfloor heating. For its kneading, use a plastic or metal bucket. Glue is prepared in two stages. At the first, part of the water is poured, and the dry mixture is poured. The components are mixed using an electric drill with a grout nozzle. On the second - the rest of the water and the dry mixture are added to the bucket. Everything is thoroughly mixed. The finished consistency should be slightly thicker than sour cream.

Pilot glue sets quickly. Therefore, a small volume is kneaded at a time - for 30-40 minutes of work.

The adhesive is applied either to the base or to the tile. When applied to the base, a regular and comb trowel is used. Ordinary - the mixture is leveled, comb - furrows are made for better adhesion to ceramic tiles. The size of the surface, smeared with glue at a time, should not exceed 1 m 2. When applied to tiles, a trowel and a comb trowel are used. The glue is applied by the master to the back side of the ceramic tile. With a comb spatula, it is stretched over the entire surface.
Laying. In both cases, each element is applied to the base and slightly pressed with smooth wave-like movements. Then it is tapped with a rubber mallet. The action is repeated with the next element. Using the building level, the horizontalness of the surface is checked. If the tile sank or reared up, then it is removed, the defect is corrected. She then returns to her seat. To maintain an equal distance between the tiles, crosses are inserted into them: two on each side of the tile. A gap of 10-20 mm is left between the wall and the tile. It plays the role of a deformation seam. After the glue hardens, all crosses are removed.

The setting time of tile adhesive for underfloor heating is 24 hours. After 72 hours, the floor can be loaded with furniture.

Cutting and laying tiles. If possible, uneven and cut pieces are placed in corners or under furniture. To frame the areas around the pipes, use a template made of cardboard or paper. It is made for each element. The shape is then transferred to the tile and cut out. Finished pieces fit into place. Depending on the strength, ceramic granite is cut with a glass cutter, tile cutter or grinder with a circle for sawing ceramics. The grinder is used for cutting durable varieties of flooring, which are rarely laid at home. The tile cutter is used to cut large quantities of ceramic tiles. A glass cutter is needed for curly trimming small areas. However, many professional floor tile installers use a glass cutter as their primary tool.

Ceramic granite is cut only from a smooth face.

Seam processing

They are of two types:

Installation - between the tiles. Their width varies from 1.5 to 3 mm. Less than 1.5 mm is considered a seamless installation. The seams are sealed 24 hours after the installation of the flooring is completed. First of all, all the crosses are taken out. Then all seams with a rubber spatula close up with grout. The movement of the spatula is strictly along the seam.

30-40 minutes after grouting, the seams are washed with cold water.

Perimeter - between the tile and the wall. These are expansion joints. They are sealed with silicone sealant or a rubber gasket. Then they are closed with a plastic plinth.

This completes the laying of ceramic tiles. This is a durable and reliable coating that:

perfectly withstands hundreds of cleaning cycles;
does not change color when exposed to chemicals;
complies with all hygienic norms and rules;
evenly distributes heat throughout the room;
pleasing to the eye.

Video

Useful facts

In Soviet times, tiles were soaked in water before laying. In modern times, many "old school" finishers continue to perform this action, although it is no longer necessary.
The problem with slippery tiles is solved by purchasing a special compound. It is applied to the surface and protects it for a long time. A budget option for the bathroom is a regular rubber mat.
All modern floor tiles are manufactured industrially. There is one company in the world that produces and paints ceramic granite by hand. The cost per square meter of such coverage is inaccessible to the average person. Therefore, we must remember that all the assurances of the sellers in the hardware store of the exclusivity of the collection are most likely a PR move.

Recently, underfloor heating has become very popular in construction. Therefore, the question: how to lay tiles on a warm floor is relevant.

The popularity of underfloor heating is gaining momentum more and more.

There are several types of floor heating systems. To understand how to lay tiles on a warm floor, you need to understand the technology of each of them.

Features of laying electric floor heating

There are two types of electric warm floors: in the form of heating sections and heating mats. They have different features that you should pay attention to.

The heating section system involves raising the floor level by at least 70 mm, since it is laid in a concrete screed with a thickness of 30-50 mm. After the screed has set, you can begin to lay the tiles (Fig. 1).

Figure 1. The rise of the floor level with the heating section system must be at least 70 millimeters.

The operation of such a floor heating system can be started after 30 days or more, until the concrete screed is completely dry.

Do-it-yourself installation of heating mats is carried out on top of a cement-sand screed, and tiles can be laid on them immediately (Fig. 2). The main advantages of heating mats are ease and short installation time, space saving and fast heating of the floor during operation. After laying the tiles on the heating mats, operation can begin as soon as the tile adhesive has dried. The negative side of this system is that it can only be mounted in areas without stationary furniture.

Features of laying infrared floor heating

When installing an infrared floor under a tile, it is recommended to use additional material - plasterboard or glass-magnesite sheets.

Figure 2. Ease and short installation time is the main advantage of heating mats.

Laying an infrared floor under a tile consists of the following steps (see Fig. 3):

cleaning the base and laying heat-insulating material with metallized lavsan (for example, Infraflex or Poliform);
laying thermal film, which should be cut into the longest webs in order to minimize the number of connection points;
isolation of all outputs of copper strips;
fixing the film panels with masking adhesive tape without overlaps;
connection of the thermostat in a convenient place;
supply and connection of connecting wires to the thermostat;
connection of a temperature sensor located under the tile;
isolation of all connections with a thermo-silicone gun;
connecting the thermostat to the electrical network;
checking the performance of a warm floor;
laying of polyethylene film;
laying plasterboard or glass-magnesite sheets;
laying floor tiles.

Do not use foil as a heat insulator and do not lay metal mesh when laying tiles. For floor heating to be effective, you need to place an infrared film on at least 80% of its surface.

Features of laying a water-heated floor

The principle of installing a water-heated floor is based on the installation of a piping system between the base and the tile. This system is the best option for country houses with large areas. It is forbidden to make water heated floors in apartments.

The method of laying the pipeline system for underfloor heating, in the same way as for a cable underfloor heating, involves pouring a cement-sand screed.

Installation of a water heated floor includes the following steps (see Fig. 4):

Figure 3. Additional materials for installing an infrared floor are drywall or glass-magnesite sheets.

preparation of the base: dismantling of the old coating, removal of debris and dust;
laying leveling screed;
laying damper tape around the perimeter of the room;
laying thermal insulation (in most cases, expanded polystyrene);
installation of the pipeline system and its connection to the collector;
pouring a water-heated floor with a cement-sand screed;
laying floor tiles after the screed has dried.

The main advantages of such a floor heating system is that the air is heated evenly throughout the room, a water heated floor can be the main source of heating. Cons: the complexity of installation, reducing the height of the room and the ability to use it only in private homes.

Preparation for laying tiles on underfloor heating

Figure 4. The advantage of a water floor is that such a heating system evenly heats the floor.

It is necessary to make sure that the work on installing the underfloor heating is completed and the system is working properly. All cables and underfloor heating communications must be carefully hidden. Make sure that the substrate to be tiled is even, smooth and completely dry.

For laying tiles on a warm floor, ordinary tile adhesive is suitable. It is available both in the form of a dry mixture, which must be diluted with water immediately before application, and in the form of a solution ready for use. Dry mix is preferable in terms of price / quality ratio.

You should also be aware that there are several types of dry mix tile adhesive:

basic - for flat surfaces and small sizes of tiles;
reinforced - for large sizes of tiles;
universal - for all types of finishes and any surface;
for special surfaces - used for application on metal and glass surfaces.

The technology of laying tiles on a warm floor with your own hands does not differ from that on a conventional concrete surface.

List of required materials and tools

tile adhesive;
primer;
fugue for seams;
solution container;
drill with mixer nozzle;
tile cutter or grinder;
notched trowel;
rubber spatula;
rubber mallet;
crosses for seams;
sponge and rags;
tape measure, level, ruler, pencil;
goggles, gloves, knee pads.

Stages of laying tiles on the floor

Lay the tiles on the floor "dry". This will make it possible to mark the trim. It is important to consider the size of the seams.
Clean off dust and primer the back of the tiles and the floor.
Dilute a small amount of tile adhesive according to package directions.
Use a notched trowel to apply an even layer of mortar over a small area of 1-2 tiles on the floor as it dries quickly and becomes unusable. You can apply glue on the tile itself.
Lay 1 row of tiles, inserting plastic crosses between them in order to make even seams between them. Check the stacked row with a level. If the tile protrudes, it should be slightly upset with gentle back and forth movements. You can use a mallet to knock it out a little. If it is located below the level, then it should be carefully torn off the floor and a little more adhesive solution should be applied to it. If the seams diverge, you need to install wedges near the walls. For reliability, you can fix a row of tiles with masking tape.
Lay subsequent rows of tiles in the same way, remembering to check the level of the differences between them. Excess glue can be removed with crosses and wiped with a damp sponge.
The last row must be measured and trimmed, and then laid in the same way as the previous rows.
After the glue has dried, you can start grouting the seams. To do this, dilute the puffer according to the instructions and apply to the seams with a rubber spatula. Without waiting for the fugue to dry, remove it from the surface of the tile with a damp sponge.

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