How to mark a fence for filing in a semicircle. Types and rules for pruning hedges - how to get a beautiful and healthy fence. Wooden fences "blinds"

The development of a suburban area usually begins with the designation of its boundaries. Many people surround the estate with high blank fences, but there is another way to isolate themselves from the street - this is a hedge of clipped or free-growing shrubs!

Hedges improve the microclimate of the site. A wall of shrubs will quite effectively protect the estate from the winds, but, being permeable to air movement, it will not create pressure drops and air funnels that are detrimental to plants, which usually form near solid fences. The roots of plants, unlike the foundations of fences, do not prevent the outflow of groundwater. Dense tall hedges provide good protection from noise, serve as a reliable barrier to dust and exhaust gases near busy highways. A dense wall of thorny plants is an almost insurmountable obstacle for unauthorized persons trying to enter the fenced area.

There are two types of hedges - molded and unshaped. In the first case, the plants are regularly pruned to give them a certain shape, in the second, they do without a haircut, allowing the seedlings to develop freely. The second option is less labor intensive. A dense untrimmed hedge 2 m high can be grown in 2-4 years, while the creation of a molded hedge of the same height will take at least 4-6 years. Alas, an unshaped hedge takes up a lot of space (the width can reach 4 m) and is contraindicated for small areas. The molded hedge is compact (no more than 1 m wide) and is suitable for any site. Both types of hedges require pruning in the first years after planting.

On a note

Planting a hedge will cost a lot less than building a solid fence. Especially if you choose plants that you can propagate yourself rather than buy at a garden center.

When to plant?

Container-grown deciduous hedges can be planted throughout the season from spring to fall.

Plants with an open root system, that is, those grown in the nursery in the ground and then dug up for sale, are planted only when they do not have leaves - either in October, when the leaves have already fallen, or in early spring, before they start swell buds. In heavy and wet soils, the best time to plant is spring.

Conifers and evergreen deciduous shrubs are sensitive to desiccation, so these plants should be purchased with a closed root system and planted with an undisturbed clod of earth. It is best to do this in September or in the spring - from the moment when the buds begin to swell, until the end of May.

How to plant?

For unshaped hedges, as well as for light-loving and coniferous plants (spruces, thuja, junipers), planting seedlings in one row is suitable. But such a fence does not always form a dense curtain. For hedges that will be pruned extensively, as well as those that should form a solid barrier, planting in two rows is recommended.

If you intend to plant plants densely, it will be more convenient to immediately dig one or two ditches along the cord. In a single-row hedge, plants are planted, observing the same distance between seedlings (about 20-50 cm), in double-row hedges - in a checkerboard pattern. Part of the barren earth taken out of the pit is removed. The rest is mixed with compost or quick peat and returned back, poured along the entire ditch.

If the gaps between the plants should be large - 60-70 cm - it is better to plant them in separate holes, rather than dig a ditch. In this case, the pits should be so large that the roots lie freely in them and are not bent up or to the sides.

Why do you need pruning after planting?

The first pruning is done regardless of whether the hedge should be molded or not.

This procedure is very important, because it depends on it whether the plants take root or not, and how the hedge will look in the future. The first shearing stimulates the growth of new shoots and promotes the development of the plant's root system. Plants planted in spring and shedding leaves for the winter are pruned immediately after planting; and those planted in the fall are left uncircumcised for the winter, postponing this procedure until next spring. In the spring, to stimulate branching, the tops of the shoots are cut first. In general, the depth of pruning depends on the type of plant and its condition, usually shrubs and hardwoods are pruned 30-40 cm from

On a note

Cutting a hedge regularly is necessary not only to make it look beautiful. Thanks to this procedure, the plants will be healthy, and the hedge will be evenly thick and lush.

In order for a hedge to be healthy, thick and look good, it needs to be cut regularly. A hedge consisting of deciduous plants shedding leaves for the winter is pruned at least twice a year. The first time - at the turn of June and July: at this time, the shoots are cut to half their length. The second pruning is performed in late August - early autumn, shortening all fresh shoots to a length of 10 cm.

An unformed hedge does not require regular pruning: it is enough to cut it only once a year - in early spring. At this time, the hedge is thinned out, cutting out all the old branches near the ground, and the young ones are shortened by 2/3 of their length. The shape of the hedge will not change from this, but it will become thicker.

A hedge of coniferous plants does not need to be trimmed during the growth process. But if the plants grow weakly, then once a year (in July - early August) they can be carefully trimmed by cutting off the tops of the plants by 10 cm (side shoots are shortened a little more).

How to cut an adult hedge?

Molded hardwood hedges that have reached the expected size are cut regularly, and if growth is strong, even once a month. This will allow the hedge to maintain the correct geometric shape and look well-groomed.

Molded coniferous hedges are usually sheared at least twice a year - preferably in July and early August. The exception is spruce hedges, which can only be pruned once a year, preferably in late spring when the plants are putting out young shoots.

An unformed hedge does not need regular trimming. Columnar plants are not pruned at all. The exception is when they begin to thin out from below. Then you should cut all the upper shoots and some side shoots.

In deciduous hedges, it is useful to thin out the crowns of plants every few years (in the spring before the buds appear). Most of the old and thick shoots are removed, and the young ones are cut to 2/3 of their length.

How to get a haircut?

First set the level of the upper plane. This is easily done with a cord stretched between stakes driven into the ground. Another option is to attach a long horizontal bar to the vertical pegs. The upper part of the hedge is cut horizontally, moving along the cord or plank. Moreover, for beginners, a bar is preferable, since it can be used as a guide without the risk of being cut with a sharp tool. Then the side walls are cut in turn, removing all the branches that have grown beyond the established line.

Our advice

A heavily mowed hedge should be systematically fertilized with compost or multi-component mineral fertilizers.

Best Plants

Spirea

A fast-growing hedge 1-1.2 m high can be obtained from spirea. The shrub is easy to propagate with your own hands. The hedge is winter-hardy and drought-resistant, the shrub does not get sick with anything, it looks beautiful both in summer and in autumn. However, it grows very fast. To make the shrub look neat, it needs a regular haircut, the frequency of which depends on the variety. With an irregular haircut, the lower part of the bush is exposed and looks sloppy.

Cotoneaster

A very profitable option for a green hedge, since the plant tolerates a haircut well and “keeps its shape” for a long time. The shrub is resistant to adverse growing conditions, well adapted to harsh climatic conditions. Bushes reluctantly, so it is better not to count on a quick result. Cotoneaster can be used in regular style gardens.

cotoneaster hedge

thuja

With proper care, thuja hedges retain an attractive appearance all year round. From thuja you can create a high and extremely dense green wall. The tree is shade-tolerant, frost-resistant and not very demanding on moisture and soil. For hedges, it is better to choose pyramidal thuja varieties, for example, the columnar varieties of western thuja "Brabant", "Smaragd" and "Fastigiata".

vesicle

A vigorous shrub that forms a dense hedge. Easily propagated by cuttings, grows quickly (40 cm wide and 40 cm high per year). Differs in unpretentiousness - frost-resistant, drought-resistant, can grow in shaded places, does not get sick. There are several showy cultivars with leaves ranging in color from golden to purple. The shrub takes up a lot of space, so you should not plant it in a small area.

Snowberry

Perhaps the most undemanding shrub for hedges in our climate. Suitable for creating low hedges (up to 1 m). It will feel good even on a site with high ground standing. It is practically not damaged by diseases and pests. It tolerates pruning and shaping. Increased resistance to gas and smoke allows the use of the snowberry to separate the car park from front areas and recreation areas.

Barberry

Perfect for creating an impenetrable and impenetrable hedge, you just need to choose tall varieties (for example, the Ottawa barberry ‘Superba’ grows up to 3.5 m tall). Many unpretentious varieties with beautiful foliage of different shades. One of the species - Thunberg's barberry - blooms and bears fruit in a haircut. Barberries absolutely cannot stand waterlogging and stagnant water.

Video: How to grow a hedge in the country?

At all times they were famous for their popularity. This was largely due to its relatively inexpensive price and ease of installation. But today the situation has changed a little, and now not just fences are made of wood, but real masterpieces.

Let's consider everything in detail.

Making a wooden fence on your own. Step-by-step procedure

The construction of a wooden fence can be divided into several stages, namely:

1. Installation of support pillars;
2. Installation of crossbars;
3. Sheathing of the installed frame.

Each stage in the construction must be completed in full.

Installation of support poles

The installation of support pillars is carried out by backfilling. The algorithm of actions is as follows:

It is important to know! Sand with crushed stone will lie down more densely if the mixture is wetted with water.

Installation of transverse logs

Transverse logs, which are made of wood, are best installed using brackets.

The installation algorithm is as follows:

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the distance between the transverse lags can be reduced. However, in this case, the design may reduce its strength. The support itself must necessarily be at least 10 centimeters higher than the skin, and the bottom must be at a distance from the ground at a distance of no more than 15 centimeters.

Sheathing of the installed frame

Before you start installing the mounting boards themselves, you need to remember that there are several ways.

In one of the ways, the picket fence is installed on the logs before the latter are mounted in the supports, namely:

If we talk about the second method of installation, then it implies the direct installation of each board separately. In this case, it is necessary to prepare for a long and laborious process. After each installed board, it is necessary to measure the distance between them (if you need clearance between the boards) and check for a clear vertical.

It is worth noting that any of the methods is popular with owners of private and country houses, so it is impossible to say which one is better. Everyone chooses an option for themselves depending on the choice of wooden fence design.

What can be processed and painted a wooden fence

It must be understood that the installed wooden fence takes on a variable climate in all seasons. For this reason, it is mandatory necessary.

Important to remember! Before installation, all metal components of the fence must be primed and painted.

Do not forget that ultraviolet solar radiation is harmful to a wooden fence for the reason that as a result of their exposure, internal moisture is lost from wood, thereby it loses its bearing capacity and appearance itself.

Such impregnation must be processed several times on a primer with the possibility of deep penetration. After that, you can use moisture-resistant paint and varnish to give the wooden fence an attractive look.

The price of pleasure

If we talk about the cost of the necessary building materials, the average price is indicated in the table:

Name of building material	Volume	Cost price
Board	1 m 3	About 3 thousand rubles
Cement	1 kg	About 10 rubles
antiseptic	10 l.	About 2 thousand rubles
self-tapping screws	500 pcs.	300 - 400 rubles
dye	3 l.	About 400 rubles
Metallic profile	1 meter	About 130 rubles
grinding wheel	1 PC.	About 50 rubles
Edged board	1 m 3	About 4 thousand rubles

Design options

To date, there is still no such material besides wood, which was read as malleable for the implementation of various design solutions (while wood is very affordable in price range).

And so this fence has an internal view. No one will say that the view has become worse.

In this version of the design solution, attention was paid to every little thing. You can see how the contours themselves are worked out, and the corners are smoothed out in full. In the photo you can see the sliding gate from the same courtyard.

Agree, few of us know what techniques this or that designer uses to realize his fantasies. But they use: firing, create the effect of antiquity, successfully combine wood with various metal forged elements, and even tritely grind wood and paint it in various shades.

How do you feel about brutal style? Agree, the view is simply impressive.

To implement such a design solution, you only need a jigsaw, a grinder and woodworking skills. If you have the tools and desire, you can achieve the effect of shabby wood.

And who how to relate to puzzles? If you wish, you can initially draw a drawing on the board, and then cut it out according to the template. It is worth paying attention to the fact that this work is considered jewelry, since each board has its own clear size and bend.

At the same time, the most difficult process in the construction of such a wooden fence is its installation (not everyone is able to make such an arrangement).

For the construction, first of all, it is necessary to carefully consider the selection of the board. In no case should it be allowed that in any place of the board there is a different thickness or width. In this version, a distinctive feature is its affordable price, but this is offset by the huge work that is necessary to create such a creation.

Despite the fact that a board up to 1.5 centimeters thick is not very suitable for fences, it can be used to create an excellent fence in the form of a lattice. Agree, the view is no worse than the previous options. And if you also decorate it with green spaces that will braid it, the view will be gorgeous.

Over the past few years, unedged board has increased in price by more than 15-20%, but this does not prevent it from staying in a low price range. At the same time, it is often used in the construction of a wooden fence in this style.

As you can see, this example clearly shows one of the options for design solutions when working with a non-edged board. If desired, you can achieve any exclusive solution.

And how do you like the design solution in the style of blinds? Agree, the view is just a bomb.

A selection of wooden fences

Beautiful wooden fences

With a little woodworking skills, you can create a beautiful fence in a short time.

This embodiment is popular with many owners of private houses, since its creation does not take much time and effort. Agree that the view is very attractive.

Standard fencing, which is suitable for both private houses and suburban areas. It does not require any special skills and abilities, but at the same time it has a beautiful appearance.

carved fences

To create carved fences with your own hands, you need to have wood carving skills.

It can take more than 3 months to create such a fence, since every little thing plays a big role. But it's worth it. This type of fence is suitable for any interior.

What about this cutting option? Surely, many people dream of such a fence, because it can not only emphasize the individual style, but also create the illusion of antiquity.

decorative fences

Decorative fences are often used to create rock gardens or simply in landscape design.

Small fences made of wood can emphasize the peculiarity of a particular plant, complement the interior of a personal plot.

If desired, you can create any decorative fence of one color or another. This does not require any skills and abilities.

Antique wood fences

Many people dream of creating a small fairy tale from their site and completely immersing themselves in antiquity.

This version of the effect of antiquity is great for areas where wooden houses are located. In combination with such a fence, you can create a real fairy tale for yourself.

And if you add a little decor in the form of a thick rope? The view is simply spectacular. Surely the neighbors will come to the owner of such a fence with admiration.

Fences from a professional flooring under a tree

If for some reason there is no desire to work with wood, you can install a fence made of corrugated board. Thus, you can not only increase the service life, but also create the illusion of a wooden fence.

If desired, you can use corrugated board in light colors under the tree, which is perfect for any interior. The service life of such a fence is over 25 years.

Another option is to use corrugated board in darker tones, which allows you to create the illusion of varnished wood. Great for wooden houses, or buildings sheathed in plastic wood.

For a private house

Depending on the wishes of the owner of a private house, the fence itself can be made in any style.

High fences have always been popular with owners of private houses. Thanks to them, you can hide everything that happens on the territory of the site from prying eyes, make the fence beautiful and exclusive.

Another option is to install a fence with small gaps. This type of fencing is perfect for any private home, regardless of its size and style.

From a professional sheet under a tree

As a rule, the installation of this type of fence at its price is available to any resident of our country. Such fences are great for installation anywhere, regardless of whether it is a cottage or your own private home.

In this photo you can see that the profiled sheet can combine a combination of decorative stone and the tree itself. Looks great and has a long service life.

For those who love minimalism, the option of creating a fence from a profiled sheet under a tree is perfect. This variety belongs to the classical style and is perfect both for fulfilling a direct duty - protecting the site, and as a good element of decor.

Made of brick and wood

When creating a fence, brick and wood are combined just great. Designers often try to combine them when creating interiors in the room itself and outside it.

The fence is made in a classic style using ordinary bricks and planks. Thanks to the successfully selected combination of color palette, such a fence looks not only rich, but also very attractive.

This composition combines the curly elements of a wooden fence with a brick one. A well-chosen color palette allows you to use it in any meta.

From stone and wood

This combination of building materials is in most cases used in country houses and cottages.

It will be very difficult to recreate such a fence on your own, and you need not only to be able to handle this material, but also to know the intricacies of mixing a special solution. But you must admit that such fences can surprise even the most captious critic with their beauty.

Wooden fences combined with decorative stone create the illusion of an ancient fortress. Often used for installation in country cottages or on the territory of private firms.

Wood patterns on the fence

Now in the world of wooden fences, a trend towards the use of additional patterns has begun to appear. They allow you to create something special and unique of its kind from a simple fence.

As you can see, such a pattern is very difficult to make with your own hands, unless a person has sufficient skills in working with woodcarving.

You can order a Chinese-style composition from wood carving specialists, as shown in the photo. This option is considered quite common in our country.

Original wooden fences

Surely every owner of his site would like to install the original fence. But what are they?

Such an original design of wooden fences in our country is not common. This is largely due to expensive pleasure (the initial cost can be from 40-50 thousand rubles).

Such a design solution allows not only to make your neighbors look at the fence with envy, but also makes the site very rich and individual.

Wooden fences horizontal

When installing fences, many of our compatriots often ask themselves the question - which is better vertical or horizontal? In fact, the difference here is only in taste.

Speaking about such a vertical fence, we can say with confidence that everyone can make it on their own, while spending a short period of time and money. The classic style is suitable for fencing any area.

The photo shows that the vertical fence is made using a complex design feature. It is very difficult to do this at home, and if you wish, you will have to seek help from specialists. But it's worth it.

Forging with a tree in the fence

At all times, they gave the fence strength and attractiveness. However, due to its considerable price, it is not very popular.

A wooden fence using forged metal spokes in the photo makes it original in its own way. Gives the site style and beauty. Moreover, forged elements make the design of the fence very rigid, which significantly increases the service life.

This option of combining wood, brick and, in fact, forged elements, makes the fence almost lifelong. It is not difficult climatic conditions, it is difficult to damage it, and most importantly - it is beautiful and stylish.

picket fences

Most of our citizens make picket fences. With this material you can make a very good fence. Just look at these photos.

Of course, if this fence is painted, and then varnished, it will turn out quite well, but even so it is quite attractive. What is characteristic - it can be done in the shortest possible time (the period of its construction is no more than 1 - 2 days).

In the presence of wild imagination and great desire of the owner of the site, you can give such a magnificent designer fence that will never cease to delight the eyes of everyone around.

wooden fence ladder

A ladder fence is not uncommon in everyday life among owners of private houses. Firstly, this variety allows you to save on the board, since small gaps can reduce the amount of material, and secondly, it turns out very well in the end.

The photo shows a ladder fence, which is still sheathed with corrugated board from the inside. Thanks to this, it looks very impressive from the outside, while the fence looks very neat inside the site.

This type of ladder is in most cases installed in suburban private houses. The small gaps between the boards allow you to see the beautiful green spaces that can be planted behind the fence.

How to make a fence inexpensively

The video below shows how to make a cheap wooden fence.

Due to the affordable cost, ease of installation, environmental friendliness and natural beauty, a wooden picket fence for enclosing a private area is very popular today.

A wooden fence fits perfectly into the landscape of cottage settlements, summer cottages and detached houses.

Even a person with only basic carpentry skills can build a fence from a wooden picket fence with his own hands. To implement the idea, you will need a standard set of tools, a design project that you can create yourself or order from a specialist, the picket fence itself and free time.

How much picket fence is required

First you need to prepare the material and tools.
Calculate the number of shtaketin for vertical fence not difficult:

First option – solid fence. We divide the total length of the fence by the width of the board, we get the required number of pieces. We take several boards in reserve, since during the construction of a long fence there may be errors in the calculations.

Photo 1. A solid fence of pine shtaketins

Second option – fence with gaps. In this case, we add to the width of the planken the distance that is planned to be left between two adjacent pickets. Divide the total length of the fence by the value obtained in the first step and get the correct result.

Photo 2. Wooden picket fence Extra with gaps

Photo 3

For horizontal fence the calculation is carried out as follows: we determine the number of boards in one section by dividing the height of the fence by the width of the shtaketin. Next, divide the length of the fence by the length of one section, thus obtaining the total number of sections. The result is multiplied by the number of shtaketins in one section.

For support posts, you need to buy a bar with a section of 50 × 100 mm, 2-2.5 meters long. For each section, you need to purchase 2 transverse logs 40 × 40 mm, 2.5-3 meters long.

Preparation of material and tools

If you decide to build a wooden picket fence with your own hands, you do not have to hire heavy equipment, and all the necessary tools can be found in the arsenal of every owner. Tools and consumables:

• two shovels - bayonet and shovel;
• metal or wooden pegs for marking;
• cord;
• roulette;
• drill mechanical or electric;
• concrete mixer or container for mixing the solution;
• screwdriver;
• self-tapping screws, brackets, bolts;
• paint brush;
• cement, sand and gravel;
• wood preservative for outdoor use.

Do-it-yourself wooden picket fence

The area around the perimeter of the fence installation is cleared of debris and leveled. Where the corners of the future fence are planned, pegs are driven in, onto which the rope is then pulled. Pegs for marking the posts are driven in along the line of the rope every 3 meters (the distance is equal to the length of the lag). Racks, transverse veins (logs) and shtaketins are pre-treated with a deep penetration antiseptic. Particular attention should be paid to those places where the tree will come into contact with the soil.

Photo 4. Marking with a rope for fence posts

Photo 5. Antiseptic for wood

In place of each peg, pits are made with a drill 70-80 cm deep. The bottom of the pits is covered with a layer of rubble about 20 cm. Using props, the racks must be fixed in a strictly vertical position. Pour the solution around the posts. In order for the concrete to gain strength, it is necessary to wait at least 3 days, after which the transverse logs can be fixed.

The veins are fixed on the supports with self-tapping screws or nails. Two transverse lags of each span are attached parallel to each other. Having finished with the installation of the lag, we proceed to the installation of the shtaketin. First, two end boards are attached. To make the top of the fence perfectly even, we stretch the thread between the first two pickets. When building a fence with a wavy top, there must be at least 3 of these threads. Now you can mount the remaining planks of the span. For a narrow planken, two nails or self-tapping screws are enough (one at the top and one at the bottom), wide boards are fixed with four fasteners.

Internal fences, as a rule, are made with gaps. External fences can be both solid and with gaps, which depends on the desire of the owner and his relationship with neighbors. A template part is used to obtain the ideal spacing between pickets.

Photo 6. Do-it-yourself planken fence

Sectional picket fence

Another, no less popular option for building a fence is the construction of entire sections. First, as in the first case, it is necessary to install supports. Next, the transverse logs are placed on a flat surface parallel to each other and pickets are mounted to them. Ready-made sections are obtained, which are screwed with anchor bolts to wooden supports.

Photo 7. Finished wooden section in grade Prima for the fence

In already finished sections, the picket fence can be cut in a semicircle. This is much easier than drawing the correct arc by adjusting the height of the boards on the joists already attached. The top edge can be cut in waves, zigzag. It is realistic to carry out a lattice fence only with ready-made sections.

Painting and decorating a wooden picket fence

Before painting the fence must treat with alkyd antiseptic. This stage provides wooden structures with several advantages at once:

• good adhesion with the finish layer;
• reduce the absorbency of wood and the amount of finishing coatings;
• prevent spotting of the coating and the appearance of blue under the paint;
• will protect the planken from mold, fungus and wood-boring beetle, the larvae of which destroy wooden structures, reducing their service life by 2-3 times;
• there is a compaction and hardening of the fibers, which guarantees the durability of the fence.

The shtaketins cut off on top are processed with sandpaper or a grinding machine. It is best to cut the top at a slight angle, so that raindrops will roll down. On the finished fence you can attach decorative elements that are cut out of plywood according to a pattern. The cut parts are also treated with primer, painted, and only after that they are attached to the finished hedge.

Photo 8. Wooden fence painted with decor

On the website of "LesoBirzha" you can purchase a decorative planken of various sizes with a semicircular or triangular cut. Here you can also buy a deep penetration adhesive primer for outdoor work. Our experts will help with the choice of the right antiseptic, recommend a staining scheme, taking into account the operating conditions of a wooden fence.

Most often, a person tries to fence off his private territory as high as possible and, which has little to itself, even despite the attractiveness and beauty of modern materials. But for those who want to be open to the world and people, carved wooden fences can be an excellent option.

It looks like a carved wooden picket fence

The original openwork fence, made by hand, will not leave anyone indifferent. The house behind such a fence seems especially cozy and hospitable.

A light carved palisade is unlikely to become a particularly reliable protection for the site; rather, it protects the garden from random animals. However, the excellent decorative qualities and aesthetics of natural wood are difficult to dispute. do not lose their relevance due to the following properties:

Types of techniques for creating a carved fence

To make a carved fence at home, and even more so without experience, it is better to choose simple techniques and simple patterns. Some woodcarving methods require specialized equipment, which is not cheap and requires certain knowledge and experience. Do-it-yourself wooden carved fences are best done using the following techniques:

Geometric and lace techniques are most often used on boards or a picket fence, which then become a fence sheet.

Original fence pattern made in lace style

Boards with contour patterns are prepared in advance and fixed to the finished fence so as not to damage the voluminous carved pattern with nails or self-tapping screws. Usually, wooden parts made using the contour carving technique serve as additional decorative elements for the finished fencing fabric.

Choice of wood

The most inexpensive basis for a carved fence is plywood. For plywood, it is best to use a file with fine teeth; a regular hacksaw for metal is also suitable. The finer the teeth of the file, the cleaner the cut will be, and additional grinding of the cuts will not be required.

To make a carved fence look more expensive and sophisticated, valuable wood should be used. Each type of tree has its own characteristics. For example, in maple, ash and poplar, the buds form a bird's eye pattern. Oak or beech has a finely speckled pattern.

Ready-to-mount carved fence panels

Due to the natural curvature of the trunks, a particularly pronounced curvilinear pattern is present in walnut, ash, and elm. It should also be borne in mind that plywood and any kind of wood, including very hard conifers, can be used to perform lace carving. But the technique of geometric and contour carving requires hardwoods so that the surface of the board is plain, even, without inclusions.

wood carving process

Before applying a pattern to a tree, you need to carefully prepare the material. First, the surface of the tree is processed with a planer. Very dark wood can be toned before work. Lacquer is used to give the surface a sheen.

The applied pattern should be clear and conspicuous, black or blue carbon paper is used for light wood, green, yellow or red for dark wood. The outline on the board can also be left if you press hard through the paper stencil with a pen or pencil.

Drawing a pattern on a cutting board

Although you can do wood carving with your own hands with an ordinary sharp knife, when building a fence, you will need a lot of blanks, so you need to take care of at least the most elementary devices:

• sandpaper for woodworking or power tools with a special sanding disc;
• knife-cutter (to create the contours of the pattern);
• straight and semicircular chisels of different sizes (used to cut patterns on wood);
• jigsaw manual or electric (to create a fence with lace details).

The process of carving wood requires compliance with safety regulations.

Wood carving tools

A wooden picket fence or board must be securely fixed to a hard, flat surface or workbench using clamps. Keeping the workpiece on your knees is unacceptable. When creating a contour drawing, the knife is held in one hand, and with the other hand the blade is guided along the intended line of the pattern. For rounded parts, it is convenient to use special semicircular chisels.

For lace carving, it is enough to choose a relatively flat board and, using a jigsaw, start cutting holes according to the applied pattern.

The resulting patterns do not have to be sanded and processed, and this is another great advantage of this technique for inexperienced craftsmen.

The main functions of the fence are the designation of the boundaries of the suburban area and its protection from uninvited guests. Fences can be assembled from a variety of materials. But the easiest to install and inexpensive option for the fence is, of course, wooden.

There are many types of wooden fences. But the most popular types of such fences are wattle and picket fences. It is these options for fencing that are most often installed in suburban areas.

Picket fence: design and selection of materials

The advantages of this type of fences are, first of all, the low cost of installation and a rather aesthetic appearance. Picket fences reliably protect the territory of a suburban area from large domestic animals and at the same time practically do not obscure the plantings.

Such fences are usually not made too high. After all, they still cannot perform the function of protecting the site from prying eyes. Most often, hedges of this type have a height of no more than 1.5-2 meters.

The main materials used for the manufacture of such fences are timber and a narrow picket board. Any species of wood for assembling hedges of this variety is allowed. But most often picket fences are made from inexpensive pine or spruce lumber, which tolerate high humidity and strong temperature changes well.

The amount of timber required for the manufacture of a wooden fence of this type should be calculated, taking into account the fact that its racks should be installed in increments of no more than 2-3 m. The picket fence is purchased so that it is enough for the entire perimeter of the fence when installed at a distance of 2- 10 cm

Basic assembly steps

A wooden picket fence is made on a suburban area using the following technology:

• perform marking around the perimeter of the site;
• install support poles;
• fasten to the pillars of the cross;
• mount pickets.

At the final stage, such a fence is usually painted. If desired, you can also cut the fences, for example, in a semicircle from pole to pole, making the top of the fence curly. Such a fence will look more impressive and original.

How to markup correctly

To perform this operation, you will need to prepare a large number of pegs and an inelastic cord. You will also need a tape measure 20 m long.

Pegs when marking are pre-installed at the corners of the site. In this case, a construction square is used. Then, along the perimeter of the site, a cord is pulled along the corner pegs. Further, in those places where the supporting pillars will subsequently be located, additional pegs are driven in.

Pole installation

The supporting elements of a wooden fence are usually made of timber with a thickness of 100x100 or 150x150 mm. Thinner material for this purpose is undesirable. Otherwise, the fence in the future may turn out to be unstable.

Instead of a beam under the fence posts, you can take, for example, old pipes or not too thick logs. The main thing is to use a sufficiently strong and durable material for the supports of such a fence.

During the manufacture of the fence, pits are dug 40x40 cm deep from 1 m under the pillars. A layer of crushed stone of 20-25 cm is poured onto their bottom. oil.

Next, each post is installed in a pit and covered with crushed stone with a rammer. Metal pipes are treated with anti-corrosion compounds before installation. During installation, such supports are supposed to be concreted using a cement mortar prepared in a ratio of 1: 4.

When installing both cobbled and metal poles, be sure to use a level. A neat and reliable picket fence will only work if its supports are mounted strictly vertically.

Fence fabric assembly

In the manufacture of a standard picket fence, only two crossbars are usually stuffed - from below and from above. But if the fence has a height of 2 m, it is advisable to use three such elements.

Crossbars are usually attached to wooden poles with galvanized nails. On metal supports, such elements are fixed with bolts. At the same time, horizontal short strips are pre-welded to the supports at the top and bottom.

Of course, you need to mount the crossbars strictly horizontally, using a level. Otherwise, in the future, the fence will look sloppy.

Fences can also be fastened to the crossbars with galvanized nails. In this case, it is desirable to use sufficiently long fasteners. The nail that came out from the back is subsequently simply bent with a hammer and sunk into the crossbar. In this way, a more reliable fence can be made.

It is possible to stuff shtaketins on cross-beams both on one side and on both sides. Double fences are, of course, more expensive than single ones. But they also look more solid and solid.

How to paint a fence

Lumber is usually treated with antifungal compounds even before the fence is assembled. At the final stage, it is desirable to additionally paint the fence. Suitable for finishing fences are, for example, such types of coatings as:

• acrylic paints;
• alkyd enamels;
• oil paints.

The last type of coatings for painting hedges is rarely used. Oil paints, unfortunately, quickly burn out and begin to peel off. The most suitable material for painting fences is still alkyd enamel, intended for outdoor use. Acrylic dye on wood can also last quite a long time.

How to make a beautiful wicker fence

Making a wattle fence yourself, of course, will be somewhat more difficult than a picket fence. But at the same time, such fences look more interesting, original and spectacular. Even markings for them, for example, can be done not only along the perimeter of the fenced area, but also along a circle or an oval. Front gardens or recreation areas with gazebos are often enclosed with such round wicker fences.

Wooden poles are usually used as supports for this type of fence. The metal elements inside the wicker fence will, of course, not look too harmonious.

The fabric of the fence of this variety is woven most often from willow twigs. Sometimes such hedges are made with their own hands from hazel, willow, birch or aspen.

Material preparation

It is necessary to harvest rods for wattle in early spring. It is desirable to cut the most even rods of the same length from trees and shrubs.

Fences with a height of 1.5 m are usually made of a material 2-3 cm thick. For low hedges of front gardens, thinner rods are taken. In this case, the ideal option would be a material with a thickness of 1-2 cm.

Prepare the rods for weaving as follows:

• completely remove the bark;
• soak the material in a solution of copper sulfate or potassium permanganate;
• remove the rods for storage in a dark place.

It is not necessary to soak the rods in potassium permanganate or vitriol. This operation is performed only when they want to give the material an appropriate shade.

You can start weaving a fence from fresh twigs right away. The same material that has been stored on the farm for a certain time must be soaked in water for about a week before assembling the fence. Such rods can be used for weaving only after they slightly increase in volume and become flexible.

To make your work easier, the old rods can also be kept over steam for some time just before the start of making the fence. In this case, they will become almost as flexible as freshly cut ones.

fence weaving

Supports for such a hedge are most often made from not too thick tree trunks or just straight branches. It is impossible to drive them into the ground, for example, with a hammer. Otherwise, the top of the supports will split and subsequently begin to rot. To install wattle posts, as well as a picket fence, you should use a shovel.

The fabric of such a fence can be woven using different schemes. The simplest hedge weaving technology is considered to be the following:

• between the supports they dig in pegs from branches of medium thickness at a distance of about 30-40 cm from each other;
• they braid the pegs and supports with rods, winding them alternately in front and behind.

After the canvas is ready, it is carefully examined. The protruding loose long ends of the rods are woven into the fence by twisting, and the short ones are cut with secateurs.