Making additional lighting for seedlings at home is not so difficult. But with the help of what lamps to build a backlight? This is a question that requires further thought. Let's figure out how to make a backlight with your own hands, and how, in fact, to highlight. Additional Information- in the video and numerous photos.

Optimum choice of lighting fixtures

On cloudy days in February, when a thin, weak stalk of a small seedling desperately breaks into the light, we simply have to help it. You need to install an additional "sun". That is, place lighting devices above the seedlings so that the daylight hours for the “kids” increase, and they rise more actively.

Additional lighting for seedlings can be arranged with a lamp daylight

So, what can we offer young seedlings?

1. Incandescent lamps. This is not the best option, because they heat more than they shine. Such lighting will dry out the green parts of plants, and even consume a lot of electricity. The only plus is that the lamp itself is inexpensive.
2. Daylight lamps. The thermal radiation of fluorescent lamps is low, which means that they can be placed directly above the plants. Lamps are economical and have a long service life. The only negative is that they are low-power, so for high-quality illumination, you will need to use 2-3 lamps at the same time.
3. Mercury-fluorescent lamps. They have good light characteristics, they work for about 5 years. But if they are accidentally broken, then the mercury vapor contained there will damage not only greenery, but also people. Such lamps must be recycled after use.
4. Phytolamps. These are the same fluorescent lamps, only they emit color in a certain light range. It is believed that the plant is actively developing if the light falling on it consists of blue-violet and red-pink rays. The phytolamp gives just such a spectrum, but it is harmful to people, so it must be covered with special reflectors.
5. LED lamps and strips. Rapidly gaining popularity among vegetable growers. Their features are red light spectrum, long service life, low temperature heating and economy.

Additional lighting from a cardboard box

As long as you choose the best option, it will be useful to get acquainted with the simplest and economical way seedling illumination.

Tip: Before you "fence the garden", find out if your seedlings really need additional light. Aim a light fixture at half of the seedling box. If there is no difference between the illuminated and unlit part, then there is enough light. If the difference is significant, then the plants really need an additional lighting system.

1. First you need to measure the size of the container with seedlings.
2. Choose a cardboard box that is slightly larger than your seedling box.
3. Cut off the top and sides of the box so that there are 1 cm high sides.
4. Line the bottom and sides with foil. Fasten it to the sides with a stapler, so that the foil is higher than the sides.
5. Put the box with seedlings in a box on the windowsill, closer to the light.
6. As a result, the seedlings will receive additional light reflected from the foil.

The method is good, but if you grow a lot of seedlings, then you cannot do without lamps.

How many "lux" does a seedling need?

Optimum for the development of seedlings of tomatoes, peppers and eggplant is light from 6 to 8 lux. And more light-loving exotic plants ask for 10 to 12 lux. For comparison: at the end of February, when the sun pleases us with light for a maximum of 8 hours a day, the illumination in sunny weather is 2 thousand lux. And on cloudy days - 500 lux.

In order to meet the needs of seedlings as much as possible, daylight hours should be about 15 hours in bright light. This means that the lamps should burn not just in the morning and evening, but throughout the day.

How to position the backlight

In order for the seedlings to grow normally and not burn out, the backlight must be placed in a special way:

1. Optimal location lighting fixtures- at least 10 cm from the tops of plants. When the seedlings grow up, the lamps will need to be moved. We will consider 2 design options with the ability to change the distance from plants below.
2. For any backlight as additional option It is better to use ordinary foil. It is better to lay it on any surface on which containers with seedlings are located. The rays of lighting devices, in this case, will be reflected, and illuminate the seedlings from below.
3. For any type of additional lighting, you need to choose reflectors. They will increase the efficiency of the backlight and protect people from constant bright light.

Lighting installation options at home

Whatever lamp you choose, you need to think about how to install it. You can make the backlight with your own hands on the windowsill, on the table, on the shelving built by yourself. Some put seedlings on open shelves cabinet, and the lamp is attached above them.

Tip: If your seedlings are far from the window, then the lighting system should work around the clock!

Let's look at the option of creating a special holder for phyto or fluorescent lamps. It can be placed over a table or any other flat surface.

You will need:

• wooden bars measuring 2 by 4 cm, 1 m long;
• 12 short bars;
• two lamps;
• wire with a switch;
• 2 screws 6 cm each, and 2 screws 4 cm each.

Stages of work:

1. The lamp is fixed on a board 1 m long.
2. On both sides, legs are attached to this board from the sides. For this, 6 bars are used.
3. Similarly, you need to install a second lamp. This time, the configuration of the legs is slightly different, for greater stability, and for the ability to change the height of the structure.
4. Two spacers with lamps must be placed crosswise, one above the other. Place seedlings under them.

You can make such a thing in 3-4 hours. The advantage of this mechanism is durability, that you can change its height, as well as it is easy to transfer if necessary.

You will need:

• boards;
• metal corners;
• wood processing agent;
• bolts or screws.

Stages of work:

1. We determine the required length and width of the rack. It is convenient if it has three compartments.
2. We build open shelves.
3. Each compartment will be illuminated by a lamp attached to the bottom of the top compartment.

The convenience of such a rack is obvious. Shelves for seedlings are arranged one above the other, which saves space. You can put such a bookcase anywhere, not necessarily near the window. The design flaw is that it will not be possible to change the distance from the lamp to the plant.

We hang the lighting device with our own hands

Attention! How to understand at what distance it is better to hang a lighting fixture? Mark a hand under a surface flooded with lamp light. If you feel warm, then the light source needs to be moved.

Let's figure out how to hang any purchased lamp if it does not have its own mounting system. You will need:

• 2 threaded hooks;
• 2 chains;
• fluorescent, LED or phytolamp.

Stages of work:

1. Two dowels must be inserted into the special holes in the lamp.
2. Screw threaded hooks into them.
3. We hang two chains on the rings.
4. Now this suspended structure we can apply on any shelves, nightstands and windows. It is enough just to hang the chains on some ledge. By adjusting the length of the chain, you can raise the lamp higher as the seedlings grow.

Regardless of the type and method of illumination you choose, your seedlings will receive maximum amount Sveta. This means that they will develop perfectly even in the cold and cloudy months. So, you can enjoy an early harvest.

Additional lighting for seedlings - video

Illumination for seedlings - photo

Our grandmothers, growing strawberries, or strawberries, as we used to call them, were not particularly worried about mulching. But today this agricultural practice has become fundamental in achieving High Quality berries and reduce crop losses. Some might say it's troublesome. But practice shows that labor costs in this case pay off handsomely. In this article, we invite you to get acquainted with the nine the best materials for mulching garden strawberries.

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Salmon backbone baked in Provence herbs - "supplier" delicious pieces fish pulp for light salad with fresh wild garlic leaves. The mushrooms are lightly fried olive oil and then watered apple cider vinegar. Such mushrooms are tastier than ordinary pickled ones, and they are better suited for baked fish. Ramson and fresh dill coexist perfectly in one salad, emphasizing the flavor of each other. Garlic sharpness of wild garlic will saturate both salmon flesh and mushroom pieces.

Conifer tree or a shrub on the site is always great, and a lot of conifers is even better. Emerald needles of various shades decorate the garden at any time of the year, and phytoncides and essential oils, secreted by plants, not only flavor, but also make the air cleaner. Generally, most zoned adults coniferous plants, are considered very unpretentious trees and shrubs. But young seedlings are much more capricious and require competent care and attention.

Sakura is most often associated with Japan and its culture. Picnics in the shade flowering trees have long been an integral attribute of the meeting of spring in the Country rising sun. Financial and academic year here begins on April 1, when the magnificent sakura blossoms. Therefore, many significant moments in the life of the Japanese pass under the sign of their flowering. But sakura also grows well in cooler regions - certain types can be successfully grown even in Siberia.

It is very interesting for me to analyze how people's tastes and preferences for certain foods have changed over the centuries. What was once considered tasty and traded lost its value over time and, conversely, new fruit crops conquered their markets. Quince has been cultivated for more than 4 thousand years! And even in the 1st century BC. e. about 6 varieties of quince were known and even then the methods of its reproduction and cultivation were described.

Make your family happy and make themed Easter egg-shaped cottage cheese cookies! Your children will be happy to take part in the process - they will sift the flour, combine all the necessary ingredients, knead the dough and cut out intricate figures. Then they will watch with admiration how the pieces of dough turn into real Easter eggs, and then with the same enthusiasm they will eat them with milk or tea. How to make such original cookies for Easter, read in our step by step recipe!

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Among the many different varieties of these most popular vegetables, we will talk about three that are distinguished by excellent taste and relatively unpretentious growing conditions. Characteristics of eggplant varieties "Diamond", "Black Handsome" and "Valentina". All eggplants have pulp medium density. In "Almaz" it is greenish, and in the other two it is yellowish-white. They are united by good germination and excellent yield, but in different time. Everyone's skin color and shape is different.

Little sprouts always reach for the sun. With a lack of lighting, metabolic processes are disturbed in them, the stems grow long and thin, and the leaves become whitish. Such seedlings are sick for a long time, do not take root in the beds and wither. At the end of winter, are you already putting pots of seeds on the windowsills? This correct solution. But in February and March daylight hours are short, Sun rays they shine dimly, and from the glasses it blows cold.

Therefore, it is necessary to make additional lighting for seedlings at home. Decide main question. Do I need to look for expensive equipment in stores or can I save money using various lamps with hand tools?

Lighting seedlings in an apartment

In this article:

Types and properties of various backlights

Find out first about useful properties lamps so that energy costs pay off with healthy seedlings.

1. Fluorescent lamps are economical and have a long service life. They are placed on top of the pots with seedlings, and as the stems grow, the height is adjusted. You need to buy several pieces, as they have low power. They are economical to use a full day.
2. Incandescent lamps heat more than they shine. They can be used, but you have to make sure that the leaves do not dry out. They have a budget cost, but consume a lot of electricity.
3. LED strips are in great demand among experienced vegetable growers for the red spectrum of radiation. They have all the necessary properties for successful cultivation plants: economical, do not heat up, shine well, work for a long time. LEDs have a palm in hydroponics. They create ideal conditions for sprouts, durable, compact, economical in energy consumption and able to beautifully complement the interior.
4. Mercury-fluorescent lamps also have all the advantageous characteristics: efficiency and durability, they perfectly replace solar spectrum. However, they will have to be handled with care so as not to accidentally break. They contain mercury vapor harmful to living organisms. In working order, they emit white light that does not irritate the eyes. For successful cultivation, plantings are not a priority.
5. Sodium lamps are used temporarily or in industrial premises. Their bright yellow light is annoying to the eye and does not particularly stimulate the growth of plantings, but they have a high light output.
6. Phytolamps help grow healthy seedlings, as they emit a blue and red spectrum. We'll have to make a fence, as the rays are dangerous to human health. They are more expensive than LED ones, but they give perfect result. In the lighting system, it is advantageous to combine them with other types of lamps.

We conclude that the main criterion for choosing lamps is their ability to emit rays of a certain spectrum.

The color spectrum and its effect on seedlings

Basic rules for a good lighting system

You can choose one type or combine different lamps. The artificial lighting system for seedlings will be as effective as possible if you follow the simple rules:

1. Hang lights directly above the seedlings.
2. The distance from the lamp to the upper leaves is not more than 60 centimeters and not less than 10 cm.
3. Consider height-adjustable fixtures for the lamp.
4. Test for comfort with your palm. If the skin on the hand does not bake, then the sprouts are good.
5. Concentrate light output with reflectors.
6. The system should work no more than 15 hours a day.
7. Turn off the lights at night.
8. Check the quality of the lighting.
9. Follow the lighting schedule.

Studies have shown that the blue and red rays are the most important. Blue-violet illumination improves the synthesis of chlorophyll, and red increases photosynthesis and photomorphogenosis.

Violet light to improve chlorophyll synthesis

Chlorophyll is a green pigment that absorbs mostly blue light. With its participation, the process of formation of organic (nutrient) substances from water and carbon dioxide. Photomorphogenesis is a set of processes that occur in plants during their growth and development. Regular illumination, simulating the full spectrum of sunlight, will have a good effect on sprouts.

Simplified formula for photosynthesis:

Think over the scheme of additional lighting so that the plants receive a diverse spectrum of rays, similar to natural. It is difficult to provide ideal conditions at home, so we recommend using matte screen, which scatters the rays a little and does not injure the sprouts.

If the room is brightly lit by the first rays of spring, then move the shelves with seedlings to the windowsill. So you save on electricity, and the seedlings will absorb natural light.

Intelligently combine different lighting:

• Natural.
• Artificial.

Arrange early daylight elementary. You will need foil, scissors, glue, a ruler (meter) and cardboard box. Measure the perimeter of the container with seedlings and pick up a box, it should be bigger size. Cut off the top and sides so that the sides are at least one cm. inner surface cover with foil.

Using foil to enhance natural light

Place the seedlings in the improved box on a windowsill or shelf in direct sunlight. As a result, seedlings will develop under the influence of direct and reflected light flux.

In early spring, not all days are sunny, it often rains, and only dark clouds. Light a part of the seedling on the windowsill and compare. If the difference is noticeable, then immediately start organizing artificial lighting.

Suitable places for seedlings and lamps:

• Table.
• Windowsill.
• Special rack.
• Open cabinet.
• Flower stands.
• Hanging shelves.

Shelf with lighting for seedlings

Use reflectors (mirror, foil, white paper) and at artificial lighting. They will protect you from unwanted rays by directing them only to plants.

Convenient designs

We have proven tips so you can comfortably equip your space for seedlings. To do this, you need to free the table or window sill, place racks there, fix the lamps and stretch the wire from the mains. Then arrange the seedlings, water them and enjoy the seedlings. But first prepare the constituent elements:

1. Three tier rack saves space. It is made from a corner or wooden slats. The shelves are stained and secured with bolts. Sizes are selected individually. A lamp is attached to the bottom of each tier, which illuminates the lower shelf. The height cannot be adjusted, but the structure is easy to move to more comfortable spot apartments.
2. The lamp holder is convenient to install, move and change the lighting height. You will need bars about a meter long, a lamp, 4 screws and a wire with a switch. The execution steps are simple. Fasten the lamp to the board, and attach U-shaped short supports to the sides. Attach two more bars in the shape of the letters L or X to each, movable legs will allow you to adjust the height.
3. The pendant lamp is easy to attach without damaging the surface of furniture and slopes. Prepare a lamp, two chains and threaded hooks. Insert two dowels on the sides of the phytolamp and tighten the threaded hooks. Hang chains on each ring, which can be fixed on any ledge (window handle, nail, hinges), and then adjust the length depending on the growth of seedlings.
4. Homemade LED lamp creates excellent illumination for seedlings. Buy a wire with a plug, a base (a wide range, plastic plinth, furniture profile), adhesive tape, thermal paste, hot melt adhesive and colored diodes. Fasten the emitters on the base in this order: two red ones, then one blue row. Connect the elements by soldering and lead to the breaker and power supply.
5. Gazebo for relaxing personal plot temporarily replace separate room for growing large seedlings. Fix and hang shelves with reflectors there, and seal the openings with foil. It is convenient to go inside to take care of the plantings. Get a temporary greenhouse or makeshift greenhouse.
6. A portable bookcase up to 1.5 meters high is convenient for organizing any kind of lighting. You will need wooden bars or lungs metal profiles. At lunch, put it in the garden or on outdoor balcony and bring it into the house in the evening.

The industry has not yet provided vegetable growers and summer residents finished structures. You'll have to with my own hands prepare custom fixtures that you will be proud of, and then share the experience.

Optimal Performance

Illuminance (E) is measured in lux or lumens ∕ sq. meter. This is a luminous quantity that depends on the luminous intensity of the source and obeys the inverse square law. If you double the distance between the lamp and the seedlings, then the indicator will decrease four times. E is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

Task 1

Distance (h) from the lamp to seedlings 50 cm, E= 1000 Lx. You raised the lamp and increased the height to 100 cm. What will be the illumination now?

• 100 ∕ 50 = 2 times.
• 1000 ∕ 2 2 = 250 Lx.

The illumination from oblique rays also depends on the cosine of the angle with respect to the illuminated surface. Few people want to accurately calculate these numbers, but keep in mind that tomatoes and peppers sprout well at 6-8 lux light, and exotic vegetables need 10-12 lux.

At the beginning of spring, the illumination approximately has the following indicators:

• Dining Sundial ─ 2,000 Lux.
• Cloudy days 500 ─ Lk.

Task 2

You have a table for seedlings, its dimensions are 0.7 m by 2 m. The illumination on the package is 3000 Lm. Approximate loss of scattered rays is 30 percent. Required illumination 8 000 Lx. How many lamps do you need?

• 0.7 × 2 \u003d 1.4 m 2 (Illuminated surface area.)
• 8,000 × 1.4 = 11,200 lm (Required E.)
• 11,200 × 1.3 = 14,560 lm (including losses)
• 14 560 ∕ 3000 = 4.85 and round up to 5 pieces.

You can substitute your indicators into the formulas and create an exclusive highlight.

Characteristics of various lamps that are useful for circuit calculations

Let us clarify that the abbreviation for the efficiency of the headlights is deciphered as follows: coefficient useful action photosynthetic active reaction, shows the ability to absorb light energy. Every culture needs special conditions and lighting scheme.

Outcome

Make calculations, select and install lamps. If the stems are straight and grow quickly, and the leaves do not wither, do not turn yellow, have a dark green color, then you have correctly applied our advice. You are an excellent grower! Healthy seedlings grown with correct illumination will give you a good harvest.

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Lamps for seedlings - how to solve the problem of choice and what is better to buy?

The arrival of the long-awaited spring for many summer residents is associated with the beginning of a new garden season. Its start begins with sowing seeds and most often. On the part of the vegetable grower, a lot of time and effort is put into getting good shoots. One of the directions of a successful cultivation process is proper lighting seedlings at home.

Seedling lighting

Sowing seeds for seedlings usually occurs in January and February. It is these months that do not differ in good solar activity and the daylight hours are very short. In addition, if the shoots have to grow on the windowsill of the first floor, or with north side, then the primary task of the amateur vegetable grower is to organize the lighting of seedlings at home.

To obtain strong and healthy seedlings, the plant must receive at least 10-14 hours of daylight. Natural conditions during this period cannot provide such a light regime. And the seedlings standing on the windowsill begin to strenuously reach for the window. In this case, one can observe a sad picture: the plants become thin, elongated and weak.

Some owners try to find a way out by placing a mirror or foil behind the plants. However, the amount of light received still does not correspond to the norm. In addition, the movement of the sun causes the position of the reflective surface to constantly change, which becomes a headache for the vegetable grower.

Outdated lamps are also used to illuminate seedlings. But such an option can dry out young shoots very much and even burn them. Therefore, when using an incandescent lamp to illuminate seedlings, it is necessary to observe a certain distance during installation. Consumption of such lamps a large number electricity and the inability to create the required spectrum of light does not make them effective for additional illumination of seedlings at home.

Basic requirements for lighting seedlings

A luminaire for supplementary illumination of seedlings must meet the following requirements:

• For good growth young plants require a specific color spectrum. When choosing lamps for additional illumination of seedlings, it is better to give preference to devices with red or blue rays.
• The main purpose of the lighting source is to illuminate, and not to overdry and increase the air temperature.
• The rays of the lamp for supplementing the seedlings should be soft and not irritating.
• The container with seedlings should be evenly lit. Lighting for home seedlings should capture even the marginal plants.

To obtain good seedlings, it is important to choose the right duration and intensity of seedling illumination. The intensity of illumination will depend on the selected lamp power and the distance from it to the surface. Create optimal conditions when installing a lamp to illuminate seedlings, a simple rule will help. In order not to overdry the plant, you must place your hand on the illuminated surface. If you feel warm, then the device should be moved away.

The most acceptable for plants is the level of illumination within 8 thousand lux. Illumination of seedlings at home artificially allows you to achieve illumination of up to 6 thousand lux. A similar result can be achieved by lighting the shoots not only in the morning or evening, but also on cloudy days.

Determining if a plant needs additional lighting is very simple. To do this, you will need to direct the beam of the device to the seedlings, and if there is no difference between the illuminated and unlit surface, then young seedlings have enough natural light.

Choosing a Spectrum of Light

For high-quality photosynthesis of plant cells, the full spectrum of light present in the sun's rays is required. Therefore, artificial illumination of seedlings at home requires maximum identity with sunlight, which contains waves. various lengths and different colors.

Each spectrum has a different effect on plant growth:

• red-orange light. Under its action, seed germination is accelerated, vegetation improves and flowering is stimulated.
• purple blue light. Illumination of seedlings at home with such rays contributes to an increase in cell growth and the appearance of strong and short shoots.
• yellow green. This part of the spectrum is practically not absorbed by plants, since it is reflected from the leaf surface.

How to illuminate the seedlings is up to the vegetable grower. The choice will depend on the characteristics of the premises, the stage of development, the type and variety of culture.

What lamps to choose for lighting seedlings at home?

Experts are sure that the key to excellent plant growth is illumination. To date, the market for lighting devices of this type is represented by a wide variety. However, any vegetable grower will be interested to know which lamps to choose for lighting seedlings at home so that they are as efficient and less expensive as possible.

Illumination of seedlings with LED lamps. It is this type of lighting that is gaining popularity among summer residents. Since the ratio between efficiency and power consumption is several times higher than the efficiency and economy of incandescent lamps.

When using seedling lighting with LED lamps, the vegetable grower receives the following advantages:

• Low power consumption.
• The light source can be placed on minimum distance from the plant, as the lamp has a low temperature.
• The lighting spectrum, consisting of red and blue LED bulbs, shows top scores when growing.
• Operational safety. If water splashes on the lamp, there will be no temperature drop and breakage.
• High indicators of environmental friendliness of the device.
• There is no infrared radiation.

Illumination of seedlings with LED lamps avoids excessive drying of the plant and excessive thermal humidity, which becomes a good environment for the development of fungal diseases.

Lighting seedlings with energy-saving lamps

Another the best option for a summer resident is the use of such devices. "Housekeeper" is a tube with electrodes. Its inner part is filled with an inert gas, and the walls are covered with a phosphor. As a result of this design, after the contact of moving electrons of an inert gas and their passage through the phosphor, ultraviolet is formed.

Ultraviolet rays are beneficial to the plant. They contribute to a more intensive growth of seedlings, which under their influence become strong and differ rich color. Of no small importance when illuminating seedlings with energy-saving lamps is the reduction of various pathogenic microbes.

Another advantage of such devices is the lack of high temperature at the lamp. This allows you to maintain the necessary microclimate around the plants and does not allow the air humidity to increase. Accommodation energy saving lamps near seedlings is considered completely safe.

And in conclusion, in addition to the wishes of a successful season, I would like to remind amateur vegetable growers that not a single artificial light source can replace the sun's rays. Therefore, if possible, be sure to take the plants under the warm spring sun, which will allow them to become even stronger and more resilient.

Video: the benefits of LED lamps for highlighting seedlings

Valery Medvedev LED lighting seedlings