Liquid insulation: composition, scope, advantages and disadvantages, types. Liquid insulation: specifications. Liquid insulation for walls: reviews Thermal insulation liquid

In Soviet and post-Soviet times, construction did not pay attention to good thermal insulation of the room, which is necessary to save on heating. As a result, "Stalinka", "Khrushchev" and other houses built according to the old technology remained cold for a long time, especially the corner apartments of high-rise buildings. The rapid development of the construction market has led to a significant expansion of the range of materials used.

Traditional heaters

In the late 90s, glass wool and other cellulose-based insulation were very popular as a heater. Despite the good thermal insulation characteristics, they fade into the background. This is due to the significant dimensions of cellulose fiber boards, which reduce the useful space inside the room, as well as the emergence of new materials, such as liquid insulation. Reviews of experienced builders and ordinary citizens agree that the material performs its functions qualitatively. At the same time, cellulose-based insulation is still very popular due to its low cost, ease of operation and environmental friendliness.

The choice of heat-insulating material

Choosing the right insulation is a prerequisite for creating a warm and comfortable home. It must have the following properties: water absorption, thermal conductivity, vapor permeability, fire resistance. The choice of insulation depends on the material from which the housing is built, climatic conditions, number of storeys and loads on them. There are a number of materials for interior insulation of a room. One of the most effective is liquid wall insulation. Reviews of builders confirm its quality.

What is liquid insulation?

The modern construction market is full of products from various manufacturers, including all kinds of heaters. Liquid insulation is used both outside and inside the building, thereby ensuring the correct heat exchange (in winter it retains heat, and in summer - coolness). At the same time, it protects the room from the penetration of moisture, the formation of corrosion and mold, and eliminates the possibility of condensation in the corners. In general, the use can significantly save on heating.

Liquid thermal insulation is a modern solution that allows not only to carry out high-quality thermal insulation of a room, but to make it more attractive. The material has a unique pasty consistency, thanks to which it can be easily applied to the most inaccessible places.

Liquid insulation is made on the basis of varnish and water. For indoor use, a water-based insulation is used, and in working conditions below 0 C - on a varnish basis. It is not necessary to use the services of specialists for home insulation, since the procedure is relatively simple and does not require specific knowledge.

Material characteristics

The insulation has a pasty consistency and has good adhesion, due to which it is applied to any coating: concrete, brick, metal or plastic. The standard layer thickness is 1 mm. The result of the work should be a durable and elastic coating that can withstand temperature changes without cracking. At the same time, it does not burn, does not emit substances hazardous to health, and is also water and vapor-tight. High-quality liquid thermal insulation is able to perform its functions for up to 20 years. The application of several layers can increase the temperature in the room in winter by 2-4 C.

Advantages

Liquid insulation in cylinders has several advantages:

• easy installation - usually applied with a brush;
• reduction of heat costs by 25-30%;
• insulation does not change the appearance of housing;
• low cost. Warming with panel materials is 30-40% more expensive;
• you can start work without preparatory work (the surface should be cleaned of dust, sometimes puttied);
• in one working day, up to 100 m 2 of surface is insulated.

Flaws

This type of insulation also has certain disadvantages:

• sensitivity to improper storage and transportation, short shelf life;
• relatively high cost;
• manufacturing companies do not provide accurate information about the thermal conductivity of the material and methods for their calculation;
• high-quality insulation sometimes requires up to 12 layers of material.
• usually the consumption is much higher than indicated by the manufacturer.

Application

Liquid insulation is applied to the surface, previously cleaned of dirt. If old paint remains on it, then it is also removed. Metal surfaces that are significantly damaged by corrosion are treated with a special (substance based). Before use, the insulation is diluted to a thick state. The warmer the surface, the more liquid the material can be. The surface is covered in the same way as simple paint.

Liquid insulation for walls polymerizes in 24 hours. For processing m 2 surface in 1 layer, 1 liter of material is required. On average, 5-6 layers should be applied. The more layers, the better the room will retain heat. A decorative coating, such as plaster, can be applied to the insulation.

Popular manufacturers

The following brands of heaters are common in the domestic market:

• the most popular is "Korund". This liquid wall insulation has high adhesion and resistance to all kinds of external influences. The thickness of one layer is less than 1 mm. The material is distinguished by quality and high cost - 1 liter costs 350-600 rubles;
• "Astratek" is an eco-friendly insulation with anti-corrosion effect. A long period of operation is a distinctive feature that this liquid insulation possesses. Reviews of builders confirm its durability - 30 years. The cost of the material is 400-500 rubles / l;
• "Akterm" - a heater with high thermal efficiency. A layer 1 mm thick is equivalent to a 5 cm layer of mineral wool. For the material, a component of 15 years is valid. It is produced in several variations: "Standard" (water-based), "Nord" (nitro-based), "Facade", used for wood and brick, "Anticor" - for metal coatings. It goes on sale in 10 and 20 l buckets. The cost of 1 liter is 320 rubles. Thermal insulation can be used in the temperature range from -60 to +600 C;
• "Teplometta". According to the manufacturer, a layer of 1 mm is equivalent to 5 cm of mineral wool and 2.5 cm of expanded polystyrene. The material is easily tinted, it can be used at a temperature not lower than -20 C. The insulation has certificates confirming its environmental safety.

Liquid insulation can be applied to the surface. The thermal insulation effect lies in the fact that the insulation is a porous coating, the space inside which is in a rarefied state. It minimizes heat transfer.

The smoother the surface, the lower the consumption of insulation. For example, it will take an order of magnitude more to process it than to process even concrete. If the insulation will be applied to absorbent surfaces (concrete, brick and others), then they should first be primed with acrylic paint.

Since ancient times, people have tried to make their homes as warm and comfortable as possible. At first, natural materials were used - straw, animal skins, moss, clay. But with the development of mankind, building technologies have also progressed. Primitive heaters were replaced by more effective and reliable materials - polystyrene foam, mineral wool, polystyrene foam. Liquid thermal insulation gradually pushes all modern heaters into the background, being a completely new material that raises construction to the next stage of "evolution".

Liquid thermal insulation or thermal paint is an innovative composition designed to form an energy-protective barrier on various surfaces. Initially, liquid thermal insulation was developed for the treatment of steam pipelines, air ducts and water pipes, but later it proved to be excellent as a heat reflector in refrigerators, tanks and tanks. Thermal paint was actively used in the space industry, and today it is widely used in construction.

Operating principle

The unique properties of liquid thermal insulation or energy-saving thermal paint allow you to save a significant amount of energy with a coating thickness of only 1 mm. Heat paint can be applied with rollers, sprayers or brushes. After drying, an elastic matte film is formed on the surface, which has specific thermophysical characteristics. The coating acts on the principle of a “thermal mirror”, reflecting the heat that falls on it and forming a stable temperature barrier.

Material studies have shown that heat insulating paint can only reflect heat when exposed to direct infrared radiation and high temperature. Therefore, it is simply impractical to use it in enclosed spaces where there is no direct thermal exposure. Liquid thermal insulation works great on roofs or hot pipes, reflecting heat from a roof that is hot from the sun or preventing hot water pipes from cooling down.

Compound

Liquid ceramic thermal insulation consists of high-tech synthetic materials:

• filler - empty microspheres made of ceramics, glass or polymer balls filled with rarefied air. Fillers can have different composition, level of homogeneity and fraction sizes, as well as different ratios of components;
• binder - polymers (latex or acrylic).

Depending on the field of application, various additives may be included in the composition of liquid thermal insulation that affect certain properties of the coating.

Types and manufacturers of liquid thermal insulation

Today, the popularity of liquid thermal insulation is gaining momentum. It appeared on the domestic market relatively recently, but has already managed to establish itself as an effective tool for saving heat. We will consider the most popular brands representing ultra-thin thermal paint.

Teplomett

Thermal paint in the form of a suspension that does not require dilution and is completely ready for use. Application at a temperature from -60C to +250C is admissible.

A layer of thermal paint Teplomett 1 mm thick can replace 2.5 cm of expanded polystyrene or 5 cm of mineral wool of the best quality.

Liquid thermal insulation of this brand is suitable for insulating pipelines and walls in residential buildings.

The main advantages and characteristics of Thermomett thermal paint:

• the temperature in the room rises by 4-6C in cold weather;
• significantly reduce the cost of heating or air conditioning;
• formation of condensate or mold on the treated surfaces is prevented;
• coating service life of more than 15 years;
• high aesthetics of the coating;
• no load on the walls;
• saving space inside the wall (a couple of millimeters of heat paint replaces several centimeters of any other insulation);
• the service life of treated pipes and tanks is increased.

Actorm

Reviews of Aktorm brand liquid insulation allow us to say that this is one of the best and most demanded thermal insulation materials on the modern market. Teplokraska Aktorm is produced using innovative technologies and high-quality foreign raw materials. It has excellent anti-corrosion properties and can withstand temperatures up to +600C.

Characteristics and advantages of Aktorm brand liquid thermal insulation:

• a 1 mm thermal paint layer can replace 5 cm of a mineral plate;
• high anti-corrosion properties;
• resists the appearance of fungi and mold, and also destroys the already developed mycelium;
• high reflective properties - up to 95% of radiation in summer, up to 70% of heat in winter;
• the possibility of processing hard-to-reach areas;
• service life of 15 years;
• the possibility of tinting and use as a finishing coating of facades;
• the ability to use at any time of the year (in winter, operation at temperatures up to -25C is permissible);
• excellent adhesion to all surfaces except for polyethylene.

Corundum

A highly functional liquid ceramic thermal insulation that interacts with any surface. The unique properties are determined by the composition - 80% of ceramic microscopic spheres filled with rarefied air. Since the thermal conductivity of air is extremely low, thermal paint guarantees minimal heat loss.

Characteristics of thermal paint brand Korund:

• high level of thermal insulation;
• good adhesion to any type of surface;
• it is acceptable to use as a base coat for use in various areas (heat pipelines, enclosing structures, chimneys, steam boilers, internal and external surfaces, etc.);
• temperature barrier from -60С to +200С;
• service life of more than 15 years.

Astratek

Liquid thermal insulation brand Astratek is a leader in the construction market. Its popularity is explained by the presence of a conclusion on thermophysical properties obtained after testing on an existing heating main. The conclusion is provided by the Astrakhan Institute of Metrology, Implementation and Certification.

Thermal paint Astratek is an innovative water-based thermal insulation, which contains ceramic microspheres and acrylic polymer binders.

Ultra-thin thermal insulation is used both in the energy industry and in construction. It is used to treat facades, roofs, slopes, concrete floors, internal walls and pipelines, in general, everything that requires protection from heat loss or condensation.

Characteristics of the thermal paint "Astratek":

• versatility of use (suitable for all surfaces);
• prevents the appearance of condensation, mold or fungus;
• large temperature range -600С to +2500С;
• environmentally friendly material;
• the composition excludes the presence of volatile organics;
• fire resistance (charring occurs at the maximum allowable temperature, and if the threshold is exceeded, decomposition into nitrogen and carbon oxides occurs).

magneterm

Ultra-thin energy-saving heat paint, the main task of which is to quickly and economically eliminate heat loss, the occurrence of mold or fungus. The composition of thermal insulation contains several types of microspheres filled with vacuum, silicone binders, as well as special additives that prevent the appearance and development of corrosion.

Characteristics of heat paint "Magniterm":

• preventing the formation of mold, fungus or rust;
• temperature range from -60С to +600С;
• application at temperatures from -30C to +150C is acceptable;
• reduction in space heating costs by more than 40%;
• profitability (3 mm of thermal paint replaces 16 mm of mineral wool);
• elementary use.

Isollat

In the case of two-sided surface treatment with Isollat ​​thermal paint, it is possible to achieve the maximum effect to save heat in winter and protect against heat in summer.

Isollat ​​contains a special inhibitor substance, so heat paint is suitable for protecting galvanized surfaces. The inhibitor prevents the spread of corrosion and destroys it at the earliest stages.

Characteristics of thermal paint brand "Isollat":

• designed for processing metal coatings;
• high degree of protection against rust;
• before application, the surface needs to be degreased or coated with any suitable primer;
• weak adhesion to aluminum surfaces and some types of stainless steel.

Building a house and planning to use liquid insulation products? Then use this article, which will focus on the features of liquid insulation and recommendations for applying them to the wall. Answering the question: What is liquid insulation, and what are its advantages and disadvantages? - many masters will be able to compare this material with other heaters, and choose the most suitable one for themselves.

What is liquid thermal insulation?

Liquid heat-insulating agents entered modern use under the name “fantastic paint”, and immediately took a leading position among other heaters. They are a liquid material, the consistency of which resembles sour cream. Means of this type, when applied to the surface, under the influence of air, turns into an elastic, foamed energy-saving layer.

The composition of liquid heat insulators includes fillers of various kinds (microspheres from ceramics, etc.), as well as a binder in the form of latex or acrylic. Specific types of liquid heaters consist of additives, it depends on the scope of the product. The use of this type of insulation can reduce heat loss in the room by up to 40%.

Material features and variety of shapes

From the features of liquid materials intended for thermal insulation, you can build a number of:

• they have good adhesion and high-quality adhesion to concrete, wood, plastic and metal surfaces;
• they are a moisture-resistant layer, also resistant to sudden changes in temperature, ultraviolet radiation and various precipitation;
• when applied to the surface do not create a large load;
• non-toxic;
• are used for thermal insulation of the most inaccessible areas, etc.

The main types of liquid insulators are described in the table:

The use of liquid heaters does not require lengthy preparatory work. They are applied in several ways: with a brush and roller, as well as by spraying.

The most popular liquid heat insulators, disadvantages and advantages

Construction stores sell a large number of different liquid heat insulators from domestic and foreign manufacturers. The most famous and sought-after brands of insulating products are:

• Astratek;
• Corundum;
• Tesolate;
• Keramoizol;
• Spherulite, etc.

Insulation from the manufacturer Astratek is intended for coating metal surfaces. It has a high level of adhesion to metals, forms a strong, non-butt surface. It has good anti-corrosion properties.

Corundum is a heat insulator that has proven itself to be a profitable insulation for building roofs, concrete ceilings, etc. It has a high heat reflective ability. It is an ultra-thin insulator that is suitable for processing tanks, cans, pipelines, etc.

Tesolate is a modern insulator that allows the coating to be completely waterproof. Protects coatings from the formation of fungal diseases, suitable for use in hard-to-reach places. Often this type of insulator is used as a facade coating. The service life of the material is more than 25 years. To work with the material, you need to use a roller or brush; after complete drying, the insulator does not take up space in the room.

Keramoizol is a special energy-saving paint, hardly flammable and absolutely non-toxic. The composition of this material resembles a gray paste. This mixture is used to insulate walls, floors, ceilings, etc., while it, like other heaters, is characterized by durability. After applying the Keramoizol thermal paint and completely drying it, the facade surface can be painted with other materials. Reliably protects the room from the formation of condensate.

Spherulite is a product whose protective properties are based on vacuum capacity. This material has good vapor permeability and has high breathability. Increases heat retention in the room up to 40%, while reliably protecting the surface from moisture, fungus and mold. It is characterized by a high level of ventilation capacity. Requires reapplication after 10-15 years.

How to choose the right liquid ceramic thermal insulation

Liquid ceramic heat insulators have replaced rolled and slab insulation, while very quickly gaining confidence among consumers. This type of suspension operates due to the vacuum that is formed in the microcavities of the material. The use of liquid heaters is advisable for all surfaces. However, when choosing one or another type, you need to carefully read in which particular area it is better to use it, since ceramic thermal insulation is distinguished by additives that are present in a particular product.

When choosing a liquid ceramic insulation, first of all, you need to take an interest in its service life. An equally important indicator of the quality of the material is its density. A good heat insulator in liquid form, when rubbed on the fingers, should clearly retain rough microgranules, if this moment is not traced, experts recommend choosing a product from another manufacturer.

When buying a ceramic heat insulator, the user should pay attention to the color of the liquid product. A high-quality suspension is white, gray and beige are acceptable, but only in a small percentage, which means that the presence of a variety of colors indicates a poor heat-insulating agent.

Depending on the variety, liquid heaters are applied to the wall in three ways: with a brush, spray and roller. For example, when working on a completely flat surface when applying thermal paint, you can safely use a roller. In areas with recesses, it is best to work with a brush. The master should remember that the thermal layer is never applied in one level, this action on the wall should be repeated from 2 to 10 times.

Before applying the liquid agent, the walls are cleaned of dust, and, if necessary, treated with finishing materials. The main thing is that the surface is completely dry. You should not open or stir the material in advance before work, this should be done shortly before the main process, otherwise the product will lose its original qualities.

When stirring the liquid insulation with a mixer or an electric drill, you should not use too high a speed, under the influence of revolutions, the microgranules of the suspension are damaged and the heat-saving properties of the material are reduced.

Liquid polystyrene foam, disadvantages and advantages

Expanded polystyrene is a material that is often used for hydro and thermal insulation purposes. It is based on styrene copolymers and their interaction with polystyrene. For the production of this insulation, natural gas is actively used, which fills the voids. Additionally, the composition of this liquid material includes dyes, flame retardants and plasticizers.

The use of this insulation began to actively increase, as it has a number of advantages: vapor-permeable, durable, moisture-resistant, long-term, chemically and ultraviolet resistant, used as a sound insulator, environmentally friendly, etc.

The disadvantage of using this material is that it requires a perfectly even, smooth substrate for application. With poorly installed ventilation, it is prone to collecting condensate, as well as to the occurrence of mold and fungus.

Ecowool. Laying methods, necessary equipment, main stages of work

Ecowool is one of the types of insulation, which is based on 80% cellulose, flame retardant and antiseptic. This material has recently entered the construction industry and is not very popular. It is resistant to the appearance of fungus, as well as to damage by rodents.

This heat-insulating agent absorbs moisture well, but this does not affect its heat-conducting properties. It is absolutely non-toxic and does not harm humans. The breathability of ecowool is comparable to natural wood, which allows you to create a natural, healthy microclimate in any insulated room.

The disadvantage of this insulation is the lengthy installation of the process, in the case when the material is applied already wet, all subsequent work can be started no earlier than in a day. In this series, you can add the high cost of ecowool, as well as the use of special equipment and the presence of some experience for carrying out installation actions.

There are two ways to lay this type of insulation: manual and automated. The first method is suitable for warming small areas. It is used for floor insulation, in which ecowool must be poured into a bucket or other container, fluffed with a drill, and only then poured into a specially prepared place. This method requires special knowledge from the master, which relates to the volume of material needed per cubic meter.

Special equipment is used when insulation of large footage is required. For this purpose, professional sprayers, blowing equipment, corrugated hoses, etc. are used. Dry blowing of the material is considered quite common, the feature of which is the insulation of walls, pitched roofs, etc., without moisture, directly into the hole that requires insulation.

Comparison of liquid thermal insulation and other heaters

In comparison with other heaters, liquid thermal insulation differs significantly in pricing, as you know, the cost of liquid products is much higher than rolled and tiled ones. But at the same time, heaters - emulsions are able to qualitatively insulate the most remote, hard-to-reach places. They do not require special skills during installation, they are easy to apply by hand, without specialized equipment.

Unlike such heaters as mineral wool, ecowool, polystyrene foam and other solid materials, liquid ones are used to treat pipelines, hot and cold water supply elements. Insulators of a liquid consistency actively protect metal bases from corrosion. Unlike expanded polystyrene, liquid type thermal insulation is non-toxic, and is suitable for both exterior and interior decoration. Due to its thermal insulation properties, a millimeter of applied liquid insulation can replace centimeters of solid materials laid. Thermal insulation, which is applied with a brush or roller, does not weigh down the surface when dry.

In addition to the material on liquid insulation, see the video:

What is liquid thermal insulation: a unique universal insulation (for pipes, walls, floors, ceilings) or a banal swindle for money? Modern manufacturers do not skimp on epithets, calling such a heat-insulating material the best, optimal, economical, convenient (the surface can be painted with your own hands). What is hidden behind these words? Is it possible to find worthwhile samples on the market, or do all manufacturers promise high-quality thermal insulation only in words?

It is quite difficult to answer all these questions. Liquid thermal insulation can only be adequately evaluated if we can see (read) its composition and then analyze the characteristics of all its constituents. An important role is played by practical experience from the use of such a heat-insulating material, and, as studies show, it is diverse.

How justified is the use of liquid paint

All modern heaters have a certain thickness. Expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, polyurethane foam, penoizol and others. The thermal conductivity characteristics of many materials are close, which means that their thickness during insulation, for example, walls or floors of a residential private house or apartment, is also approximately the same.

The minimum thickness of expanded polystyrene is 10 cm. Now imagine that you need to insulate yourself from the inside (in the apartment), since you were not given permission to insulate from the outside (for example, you live in a house on one of the central streets of your city). Wall insulation with polystyrene foam will “eat up” a decent amount of living space. Pouring a concrete screed (floor) insulated with the same material will take away precious centimeters of height.

The appearance on the market of liquid thermal insulation, which can be applied with your own hands and only a few millimeters thick, made a splash. Many considered that the solution to the problem of wall insulation in the apartment was found from the inside. And this is just liquid thermal insulation.

However, when insulating walls with any materials, it is necessary to take into account such a thing as "dew point". Insulating from the inside, you move it to the zone of contact between the bearing wall and the insulation. Thus, liquid wall insulation cannot be used inside, as condensation will still appear.

Realizing the paradox of the situation, as well as how much more expensive liquid thermal insulation is compared to classic heaters, the apartment owners thought about it. Why pay such a high price if you can insulate the outside with ordinary foam? Indeed, at a cost it will come out almost 5 times cheaper, and this, together with plastering and finishing work.

Important. Liquid wall insulation can only be used outside. It is relevant for regions with a warm climate and mild winters. In addition, if you apply such liquid thermal insulation with the recommended layer of 1 mm, you will have to pay a tidy sum, and this is irrational.

What is insulating paint made of?

In appearance, liquid thermal insulation differs little from ordinary paint, only its consistency is thicker.

The basis of the insulation is microspheres filled with rarefied air, glass, polymer, ceramic. The name of the insulation shows which microspheres are included in their composition. For example, liquid ceramic thermal insulation is an insulating paint, which includes ceramic microspheres with rarefied air.

They are interconnected by a polymerized base: latex, acrylic or rubber. Each manufacturer of liquid ceramic thermal insulation contains additional components that are responsible for the drying speed, elasticity of the finished coating, thermal conductivity, fire resistance and others.

Properties of liquid thermal insulation

Among the many positive qualities of super-thin insulation, the following should be highlighted:

• resistance of liquid thermal insulation to temperature changes and mechanical stress (within acceptable limits);
• protection of metal structures from corrosion, and wooden structures from decay;
• resistance to sunlight (does not require additional protection);
• environmental Safety;
• the ability to change the final color of liquid thermal insulation using coloring pigments;
• long service life (up to 20 years).

Korund Facade is one of the few thermal paints whose properties have been tested by consumers in practice and received well-deserved positive feedback.

It is noteworthy that it is rather problematic to find any studies in terms of the validity of the above qualities. The praises that each manufacturer gives to their products are often not supported by anything. An exception may be considered liquid thermal insulation Corundum. In its composition, a synthetic microsphere 3 M Corporation is used, and a special adhesive with additional additives is used as a binder. Corundum has all the necessary certificates and can be considered as a good alternative to classic insulation.

Compared to classic pipe insulation, Corundum looks very attractive. A small layer of liquid thermal insulation is needed to replace multi-layer mineral wool insulation.

Separately, it is worth noting "Korund Volcano" and "Korund Zima". The composition of the first liquid thermal insulation contains flame retardants, due to which the upper temperature threshold is significantly increased (up to + 5400 ° C). "Korund Volcano" can be considered a full-fledged protection of wooden structures from fire. "Korund Zima" allows you to work at negative temperatures (up to -20 ° C). Such heat paint does not flow, so a layer 1 mm thick or more is perfectly kept on the wall. The composition of "Korund Zima" contains microspheres with closed pores, acrylic or silicone modified resin, fungicides, plasticizers. The finished coating has zero water absorption, is thin, does not deteriorate under the influence of precipitation, and is durable.

How to work with liquid thermal insulation

Thermal paint in appearance and consistency resembles ordinary paint or thick mastic, it all depends on the manufacturer and the application for which this material is intended.

If you decide to insulate hot water pipes with liquid thermal insulation, then you need to carry out some preparatory work:

• clean the surface of the pipes;
• remove all rust and degrease;
• coat the insulated pipe with a layer of anti-corrosion primer.

Advice . If you decide to insulate the floor with liquid thermal insulation, then it also needs to be prepared. Clean it of old paint, dirt and dust, prime it and dry it. The insulation is applied to the floor with a brush or roller. The number of layers is calculated according to the instructions.

Some compositions of liquid heat-insulating paints include substances that make it possible not to carry out preliminary preparation. They are used for rusty surfaces that cannot be cleaned.

Most liquid thermal insulations are available for do-it-yourself application. The exception is specific compositions, for which it is better to invite specialists. How true the descriptions of manufacturers regarding the unique properties of liquid heat-insulating materials are can only be judged by checking how such insulation works under extreme conditions.

Numerous reviews state: in the construction market, along with outright fakes, worthy samples are presented, which include, for example, Korund. However, you should not mindlessly insulate the facade of a large house with liquid thermal insulation. Limit yourself to processing corners and hard-to-reach places where such paint, in addition to insulation, will provide complete high-quality waterproofing (joints between walls, floors, ceilings), and insulate large surfaces with more economical material.

Like?

See related articles.

Given the stability of the trend towards a rise in the price of energy resources, the issue of home insulation is more acute than ever. The use of traditional thermal insulation in the form of slabs or rolls inevitably leads to the loss of living space due to the thickening of the walls. A good alternative is the so-called. "Liquid thermal insulation", which forms a very thin layer after application.

With its unique characteristics, liquid thermal insulation is also called energy-saving heat-reflective paint. A noticeable warming effect is already fixed at a layer thickness of 1 mm. Initially, this material was developed for the space industry: in the future, the innovation migrated to other areas of human life.

The process of laying liquid thermal insulation resembles ordinary painting with a brush, roller or spray gun. As a result of contact with air, the composition polymerizes, forming an elastic matte base with good thermal performance. The insulation acts as a kind of "thermal mirror", creating reliable temperature protection.

The main components of heat reflective paint are:

1. Filler. We are talking about hollow microscopic spheres made of ceramics, glass and polymers, inside which there is rarefied air. The filler may differ in chemical composition, fraction size and percentage of components.
2. Binder. Most often we are talking about a polymer substance of an acrylic or latex type.

Along with the main ingredients, modifications of liquid thermal insulation often contain various additives, which affect the intended areas of application. Due to differences in composition, the material may have a variety of properties, which must be taken into account during the preparation of the base and during application. Especially widespread is liquid insulation in the construction industry. Along with the effect of thermal insulation, it is able to protect walls from moisture: this prevents the erosion of building materials, the occurrence of condensation and fungus. Another area of ​​application of warm paint is the thermal insulation of pipelines.

How liquid insulation works

There are three options for heat transfer:

1. Thermal conductivity(energy exchange between areas with different temperatures). The composition of thermal paint includes no more than 20% of substances that support thermal conductivity.
2. Convection(distribution of heat by the material itself). Liquid thermal insulation includes predominantly hollow microspheres that do not participate in convection.
3. Radiation(transmission of thermal energy to the surrounding space). Microscopic spheres have a reflective and scattering effect. As a result, the surface of the insulation acts like a thermos.

Types of liquid thermal insulation

Currently, the insulating materials market offers several modifications of liquid thermal insulation, which differ in their composition and installation method:

• Ceramic.
• Expanded polystyrene (penoizol).
• Ecowool.

Each type is characterized by the presence of its own specific qualities, which affects the areas of their use. A common advantage is the simplicity and speed of application: this allows you to process large areas within one working day.

Externally, ceramic liquid thermal insulation resembles thick acrylic paint. Although this type of insulation is represented by several varieties with different names, their composition and consistency are generally the same:

• Binder. For these purposes, a water-acrylic solution is used, which increases the degree of adhesion of the material to the base and the uniformity of the laying of heat-insulating particles.

• Additional components. Contribute to improving the performance of thermal paint. Basically, we are talking about natural and artificial rubbers, silicone resin, etc. This allows you to make the insulation more elastic and moisture resistant.

A sign of good quality ceramic liquid thermal insulation is the presence of 75-80% voids inside the solidified material. As a result, an ultra-thin region is formed between the base and the outer film, which inhibits heat transfer. The ratio of the individual components of the material remain almost unchanged in products from different manufacturers. The difference can only relate to the level of quality of the raw materials used and the manufacturing technology.

The advantages of ceramic thermal paints include:

• Super thin layer. Good quality liquid thermal insulation 1 mm thick has the same thermal performance as 50-70 mm mineral wool. This is especially appreciated for internal use, because. there is no reduction in living space.

• No seams. As a result of laying thermal paint, a seamless coating is obtained, which allows you not to worry about additional moisture protection. No other insulating material has such properties.

• Environmental friendliness. The composition of heaters does not contain components harmful to human health and the environment. The same applies to dust, which is often emitted by board materials.

• Safety. Liquid thermal insulation applied in compliance with all regulations cannot be stolen by intruders, therefore it is safely used for insulating external structures.

• Ease of installation. The application procedure is no more complicated than conventional staining, and can be implemented independently, without the use of additional equipment and the invitation of specialists.

• Resistance to biological influences. The material is not afraid of fungus and mold. It is also not interesting for harmful insects and small rodents.

• Durability and ease of operation. Liquid insulation after hardening does not need periodic repairs, does not swell and does not absorb dirt.

Weaknesses of these materials are practically absent. The main thing is not to buy suspiciously cheap formulations, which usually indicate that they are fake.

There are a lot of names for liquid polystyrene foam: they are assigned by direct manufacturers. The most common names for this material are unipol, mettemplast and penoizol.

The composition of the liquid foam:

• Urea-formaldehyde resin (often contains cold curing foams).
• Foaming agent.
• Orthophosphoric acid.
• Water.

The percentage of resin affects the degree of density of the insulation. To mix the ingredients, a special gas-liquid apparatus operating on compressed air is used. As a result, all components of the composition are brought to the state of bulk saturated foam.

Penoizol is applied by spraying with a special spray gun. As a result, it is possible to achieve dense filling of cracks and cracks in the wall. The finished coating is characterized by tightness and lack of seams. The foam is white with a slight yellow tint. Initially, a thin layer after laying rapidly expands in all directions, filling the niches. Quite often, the internal voids of wooden frames or the space between the rafters are filled in this way.

This natural material can be used to insulate various building surfaces, including walls. It is only partly referred to as liquid materials, because. the main components are applied in a liquid state. 80% of the material is crushed cellulose fibers, and 12% falls on boric acid, which has antiseptic functions.

Application of liquid ecowool

Ecowool perfectly resists fungus and mold even in conditions of constant humidity. It contains a flame retardant (sodium tetraborate), which protects the substance from fires. The fibers of the material acquire a specific stickiness after soaking due to lingin (a natural component that is part of the plants). With the help of ecowool, you can insulate both residential and industrial premises.

How to calculate the consumption of liquid thermal insulation

To avoid wasting extra money and avoiding pauses in the workflow, before laying thermal insulation, you need to accurately calculate how much material is required.

Factors to consider:

1. Base material.
2. Surface condition (rough, smooth).
3. Number and thickness of layers.
4. Total area.
5. Application method.
6. weather indicators.

An example is the determination of the consumption of liquid insulation "Korund Classic". 1 liter of thermal paint is able to cover 2 m² (with a layer thickness of 0.5 mm) or 1 m² (with a layer thickness of 1 mm).

It is also important to provide overrun losses , which affects the method of application:

As can be seen from the example above, surface roughness and the use of a spray gun increase material consumption. It is also of great importance which surface is being processed (vertical or horizontal). When insulating walls, an adjustment should be made for the appearance of sagging (approximately 5%). The qualifications of the worker are of great importance: a professional master is able to use the material more economically.

Calculation of liquid thermal insulation consumption depending on wall materials

Liquid wall insulation

The most practical option for wall insulation material, according to experts, is ceramic liquid thermal insulation . This is facilitated by its thermal characteristics, ease of application and the minimum thickness of the insulating layer. Liquid ceramic thermal paints can have a varnish and water base. The latter option is designed for interior work at positive temperatures.

To insulate facades and other surfaces located on the street, lacquer ceramic thermal insulation is used. The material is very convenient for isolating surfaces of complex configuration and hard-to-reach areas. These procedures can be carried out independently, without the involvement of professional craftsmen. The construction of frames and other space-reducing structures is not required.

Sequence of operations:

1. Foundation preparation. The smoother the wall, the less thermal paint will be required for its design. It is necessary to remove the old finish from the surface of the base and remove bumps and protrusions. For these purposes, you can use a grinder with a special circle in the form of a metal brush. If the irregularities are very large, the wall is plastered (indoors it is better to use a dry gypsum mix).

   

   Preparing the base of the wall before applying liquid thermal insulation

2. Primer. The final stage in the preparation of the base is the application of a deep penetration primer. This procedure is carried out after the plastered areas have completely dried. When insulating metal surfaces, they are pre-cleaned of dust and degreased.

   

   Priming walls before applying liquid thermal insulation

3. Composition preparation. It is necessary to knead the liquid insulation before laying. For this procedure, you will need a drill or puncher with a mixing nozzle. Stirring is carried out for 6-10 minutes. In some cases, when the consistency of the substance is very viscous, a little water is added to the container. Indications for proportions are usually contained in the instructions.

   

   Preparation of ceramic liquid thermal insulation

4. Application. Thermal paint is laid in stages, layer by layer. The thickness of one application is no more than 1 mm. When insulating thin concrete or brick walls, approximately 5-6 layers will be needed. If the walls are thick enough, then the number of applications can be reduced to 3. Before each new approach, a pause is made to completely dry the previous styling (on average, for 12 hours). The final layer dries for at least a day.

   

   Application of ceramic liquid thermal insulation with a roller

To achieve uniform distribution of the composition, it is recommended to use as an application tool foam roller . For faster application of thermal paint, you can use an airbrush. If the isolated area is small, it is treated with a wide brush with natural bristles. On top of the liquid ceramic insulation, it is allowed to glue wallpaper and paint.

You can also watch a video on this topic:

With a general similarity, the application of liquid ceramic thermal insulation to external surfaces has some differences:

1. Material selection. If any ceramic paint is suitable for internal insulation, then work on the street involves the use of exclusively varnish-based materials. Most often, such heaters are marked with a special mark "facade" (for example, "ASTRATEK facade").
2. Wall preparation. Requirements for the preparation of external surfaces are more stringent, because. in addition to bumps and old finishes, here you have to deal with efflorescence, mold and fungus. After cleaning the surface, it is treated with an antiseptic and liquid to remove efflorescence. If necessary, the wall is leveled with cement plaster (gypsum mixture will quickly collapse in conditions of high humidity).
3. Padding. After the plaster is completely dry (it takes up to 7 days), the outer wall is treated with a special facade primer. Surfaces with a low level of absorbency should preferably be treated with a “concrete-contact” type agent.
   
4. Solution preparation. Immediately before use, liquid thermal insulation must be mixed well to form a homogeneous paste. If a mixer is used, its speed is set around 300 rpm. Too thick can be diluted with a little water.
   
5. Painting. For applying thermal paint, choose dry, calm weather, with an air temperature of at least +5 degrees. Do not operate in strong wind, rain, fog or frost. The base of the wall must be completely dry. Ceramic facade insulation is applied in layers with a brush, spatula or sprayer. It is desirable that the humidity of the air does not exceed 65%. The optimal thickness of one layer is 0.5 mm (on plastered, concrete and brick surfaces it can be increased to 1 mm).
   

As a rule, facades are finished using scaffolding and ladders, which provides for compliance with safety rules when working at heights. Each individual layer of liquid thermal insulation dries for about a day. How long it takes for the finished insulation to dry completely depends on the number of layers laid and weather conditions. The coating is able to resist rain well after 24 hours. At the end of the work, all tools are washed well in water.

Video with instructions and tips for applying liquid thermal insulation:

This is the second most popular type of liquid thermal insulation.

There are three varieties of it according to the method of use:

For the insulation of private dwellings, the option with reusable cylinders is usually used. Their contents must be thoroughly shaken before use. Thus, air layers are removed, which creates conditions for a uniform distribution of the composition during installation. Of great importance is the temperature of the liquid foam in the cylinders. The mixture behaves best at temperatures from +20 to +50 degrees.

Cylinders with liquid thermal insulation

Penoizol laying can be implemented in three ways:

As a result of warming with liquid foam, all cavities and niches are filled, including small irregularities and cracks. The setting of thermal insulation begins 20 minutes after blowing. Styling strength increases within 3-4 hours; the final polymerization occurs in a week. It takes a month for the material to fully acquire the required configuration and performance characteristics.

Pipes insulated with liquid thermal insulation

Liquid thermal insulation can be used to equip gas pipelines, oil pipelines, hot and cold water supply lines, heating circuits, sewers, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In addition, pipes of refrigeration and freezing installations are insulated in this way. As a result, a noticeable reduction in heat loss and protection of communications from aggressive mechanical and chemical influences is achieved. In this way, it is possible to insulate not only straight lines, but also sections with a complex configuration (turns, branches, fittings, various fittings).

For these purposes, separate lines of ceramic heat-insulating paints for pipes are produced. The product can be applied to metal, steel and cast iron substrates, even if scale and rust are present in places. The composition of the material includes acrylic polymers, empty glass ceramic balls, corrosion inhibitors, anti-corrosion and auxiliary additives.

Operating procedure:

Liquid heat insulators for pipes are distinguished by fire and environmental safety.

Thanks to competent floor insulation in combination with high-quality heating, maximum comfort is achieved in the room. It is convenient to combine liquid thermal insulation with a system of warm floors. By treating the concrete surface in this way, the maximum reduction in heat loss is achieved. In addition, thermal paint is often used in rooms without floor heating. We are talking about shopping and office centers, warehouses, parking lots, etc.

Technology for applying liquid thermal insulation to the floor base:

The price of liquid thermal insulation

Having become acquainted with the advantages and technology of applying liquid thermal insulation, you need to arm yourself with information about its cost. On the building materials market, thermal paints are presented in a significant variety. If we talk about ceramic liquid insulation, then the cost of its most popular brands (Korund, Bronya, Keramoizol) on average ranges from 375-475 rubles / liter. As for penoizol, it will cost about 1200-1800 r / m³.

Results

Considering liquid thermal insulation as an option for warming your home, you have to make a difficult choice between convenience and high cost. Indeed, a simple tile foam or mineral wool will cost many times less: however, it is much more difficult to mount them than liquid heaters (in this case, the base inevitably thickens). When it comes to insulating hard-to-reach areas or surfaces with a complex configuration, thermal paint is out of competition.