Who by temperament is from the cartoon Winnie the Pooh. We bring up the child according to the type of temperament. Rabbit from "Winnie the Pooh": character description. Alan Milne, "Winnie the Pooh" Winnie the Pooh sanguine melancholic heels

At one time, Hippocrates divided people by temperament into four types: "blood" - a warm beginning - sanguine, "mucus" - a cold beginning - phlegmatic, "bile" - a wet beginning - choleric and "black bile" - a dry beginning - melancholic.

Depending on the predominance of any beginning, the characteristics of a person are also formed, but do not predetermine them. So, people with the same temperament can have completely different character traits.

Temperament (from Latin) is translated as "the proper ratio of parts."

Temperament is manifested in emotionality, mobility, speed of thinking, rate of speech, facial expressions, manner of communication and behavior.

In reality, most often these four temperaments are found in a mixed form. But still, based on the prevailing style of behavior and the way of interacting with others, almost any child can be attributed to a certain temperamental type.

Temperament is laid even before birth and begins to manifest literally from the first days of a child's life. Some babies sleep all day long in their cradles, while others, on the contrary, worry, cry and demand something. Some children are ready to hang on their mother's arms for days on end, while their brothers, having learned to walk, devote most of their time to independent exploration of the world around them.

The temperament properties cannot be changed. If a child is quiet and uncommunicative, he will be so throughout his life. The only thing is, over time, under the influence of certain educational and training factors, gaining life experience, a person can force himself to behave differently: for example, become more sociable, but only at the moment when he needs it.

Emotionally stable temperament types

Sanguine(Tom Sawyer, Mowgli, Timur (from the work of A. Gaidar)) - they are distinguished by a tendency to leadership, sociability, goodwill, activity, energy, strong character, have high efficiency and self-control.

. open
. responsive
. laid-back
. cheerleaders
. insensitive
. easily adaptable
. switch quickly
. fickle
. passionate about
. not vindictive
. unassembled
. emotional

Sanguine They love to learn new things and easily assimilate information. They quickly switch from one to another and are able to do several things at once. Their lively speech abounds in superlatives and is accompanied by impulsive gestures.

Phlegmatic(Crocodile Gena, Uncle Fedor, Grandfather Sher) - they are distinguished by calmness, poise, slowness, constancy, stubbornness, laconicism, lack of initiative.

Peaceful
. moderately sociable
. workable
. stubborn
. executive
. prudent
. thoughtful
. patient
. thorough
. are even
. calm
. sedentary

Phlegmatic Slowly but firmly learn new knowledge. Their speech is unhurried, expressive, but without numerous gestures and bright facial expressions. These children fall asleep quickly and wake up with difficulty. Phlegmatic poorly adapted to unfamiliar surroundings.

Emotionally unstable temperament types

X oleriks(Dunno, Carlson, Masha (from the new cartoon "Masha and the Bear")) - are distinguished by increased excitability, tirelessness, initiative, determination, conflict, sociability, quick reactions.

mobile
. energetic
. proactive
. hardy
. fundamental
. sensitive
. restless
. playful
. restless
. aggressive
. irritable
. unbalanced
. changeable
. optimistic
. independent
. love to overcome obstacles

Cholerics they speak expressively and emotionally, but abruptly, quickly and with the swallowing of individual words. The movements of these children are swift, sharp, energetic. New information is learned quickly, but also quickly forgotten. Such children are inattentive, they lack judgment and the ability to rely on their capabilities. Cholerics fall asleep with difficulty, under the impression of the events of the day.

melancholic(donkey Eeyore, Shrek, Aunt Motya) is characterized by increased emotional sensitivity, anxiety, indecision, vulnerability, shyness, isolation, responsiveness, fatigue.

unsociable
. anxious
. unsure
. suspicious
. reserved
.
. pessimistic
. changeable
. inflexible
. touchy
. sensitive and receptive
. low initiative
. easily upset
. have intuition
. have a rich inner world
. creative personalities
. hard to get used to the new environment

Due to inattention, knowledge is difficult for melancholic people. Their movements are uncertain, poor and often fussy. restrained, quiet, expressive.

Such a child gets ready for bed for a very long time, falls asleep badly, wakes up with difficulty, and it is difficult to move from one type of activity to another.

In the next article, we will talk about how to understand your child and find an approach to him, given his temperament.

When communicating with people, we often notice that it is easy for us to spend time with some (as if we have known each other for decades), while with others there is no question of ease.

Such compatibility of people directly depends on the types of temperament: someone is attracted by cheerful sanguine people, others by quick-tempered and impatient choleric, silent and pedantic phlegmatic, sensitive melancholic.

Temperament is a constant concept. It determines the emotional state of a person, affects his behavior in society and, of course, changes in mood.

Temperament and mood: is there a connection?

The way a person perceives life and ongoing events directly depends on the type of temperament.

sanguine

A sanguine person is distinguished by quick reactions and frequent changes in emotional states that do not leave a deep imprint on his personality. This means that he is cheerful by nature, he easily falls into despondency, which after a few minutes is replaced by a new surge of positive emotions.

The nature of the sanguine is fickle, as is his mood. Such a person is easy-going, but at the same time, quickly cools down and loses interest. Despite the frequent change of emotions, the negative does not linger in the memory of a sanguine person: he easily parted with grievances, does not fall into prolonged depression. and the ability to find positive in any situation is a hallmark of people of this type of temperament. Sociability, talkativeness, carelessness and initiative of sanguine people cannot but attract.

Despite the openness and "light" nature of extroverts, a sharp change in the mood of sanguine people complicates their relationship with others, makes people hostages of mood.

Choleric

Like sanguine people, people of this type of temperament are characterized by a frequent change of emotions. If this does not particularly affect the emotional stability of the former, then choleric people always experience such processes deeper: their nervous system is unstable. Outbursts of feelings, a sharp change of emotions are a common phenomenon for a choleric person. The passion of such people is expressed in their mood. The feelings that captured the choleric will be reflected in his facial expressions and in relationships with other people.

People of this type of temperament are extroverts, but excitable and unbalanced, often unrestrained, irritable and quick-tempered. Despite the activity and passion with which the choleric gets down to business, he quickly depletes his reserves of good mood and inspiration.

Choleric behavior often provokes conflict situations. A sudden change of mood, harshness and straightforwardness, intolerance and incontinence repel others.

Phlegmatic person

Unlike sanguine and choleric people, emotional excitability is not at all inherent in phlegmatic people. These are people with a stable psyche and a calm temperament. Stability is the basis of his life. Such people are imperturbable and unshakable, rarely lose their temper.

The mood of phlegmatic people rarely changes under the influence of external factors; it, like the feelings of people of this type, is distinguished by an enviable constancy. Phlegmatic people are ideal spouses, judges, jury members, etc. Such people rarely get out of emotional balance, prefer to maintain good relations without quarrels and partings. The negative side of eternal peace is rare, but violent emotional outbursts.

It is difficult for phlegmatic people to allow “new” people into their lives, for everyone they are friendly and polite on the outside, but closed inside. As an employee, such a person works more effectively on his own than in a team. Phlegmatic people are emotionally stable introverts.

melancholic

The feelings of a melancholic are stable, but they are subject to a strong emotional impact. Such people are deeply worried, accumulate resentment, fall into depression and often feel sad. They are not characterized by a quick change of emotions, melancholic people get out of certain emotional states for a long time. Their mood is easily spoiled; vulnerability, exposure to external factors make melancholic people hard to experience what is happening, be closed and uncommunicative.

The mood of melancholic people is often bad, there is no determination in such people, they are passive, often doubt, do not reveal their feelings. The high sensitivity of melancholic people makes them not indifferent to other people's experiences, they are subtle psychologists and often creative personalities. The vulnerability of melancholics creates difficulties in communicating with others.

Compatibility of different types of temperament

In any relationship, it is important to find a middle ground. Popular wisdom that opposites attract is the best way to characterize the compatibility of people of different types of temperament.

hot temper choleric remarkably smoothes balanced phlegmatic person. Positive sanguine and his ability to overcome difficulties will not give melancholy fall into despair. At the same time, the combination choleric and melancholic(given the irascibility of the first and the touchiness of the latter) entails misunderstanding, a manifestation of irritability. A similar effect often occurs in pairs. sanguine-phlegmatic person. You can get rid of negative consequences by showing openness and restraint, consistency and reliability.

Combination of two extroverts - sanguine and choleric- will lead to frequent conflicts, because each type is emotional, initiative, capable of leadership. Pair phlegmatic person-melancholic, on the contrary, is too passive, their relationship is often boring and monotonous.

The combination of two identical types of character is most painfully manifested in a couple of choleric people, a bit better - sanguine people and the most favorable relations are phlegmatic or melancholic.

Of course, in nature, the main types of temperament in their pure form are extremely rare. Each person combines traits of at least two types.

In order to maintain balance in relationships and a good mood, it is important to be open, make reasonable compromises and fight negative character traits.

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A group of Canadian psychology experts analyzed (.pdf) the characters and behavior of the characters in one of the world's most popular children's books. It turned out that everything is not at all as cute and funny as it seems to an innocent childish look. In the world of adults, Winnie, Tigger, Piglet and other inhabitants of the Magic Forest have serious mental disorders.

So the restless Tigger suffers from a pronounced attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which does not give him a minute to sit still without trying to attract the attention of others.

Piglet's problem is a pathological causeless anxiety and fear, it is also an anxiety disorder. This is evidenced both by the shy and nervous nature of the piglet, and by its very demeanor: shuddering, tremors, constant attempts to hide in a corner and hide from the terrible world.

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Freedom of the press is the freedom not only of a clever, but also of an extremely stupid word. An extremely curious little book fell into my hands the other day. With extraordinary ease - and with reinforced concrete aplomb - the author judged a variety of things. For example, he is sure that Tamerlane went to Russia on campaigns. And his judgments about temperaments are just amazing! “Choleric, sanguine and phlegmatic are created by God's providence,” writes a recent Soviet engineer. “A melancholic is a product of the devil. There was no reason for God to let such black evil into the world.”

Shouldn't we conduct an investigation: who and why needed a melancholic? Yes, and other types of temperaments - those are still creatures!

We will not touch on the "divine providence", but nature does nothing in vain. And if she had created a single temperament, which is considered to be the ideal - sanguine, humanity would simply "not happen." The neighbors on the planet would have “shrunk” even the first prahuman tribes. Our biological species was saved by the fact that all people are “different temperaments”.

Imagine a straight and tall trunk, and four branches spread out on the four sides of the horizon. Below is our world. Different, complex, beautiful, dangerous. And on each branch a man-temperament sits and peers down and into the distance. "Four-dimensional vision" allows you to perceive the world as accurately as possible. And the one who is forewarned is safer. It is easier for him to adapt to any new situation.

All four temperaments are excellent scouts. And quite often, especially with sudden changes, this terrible melancholic becomes the hero of intelligence.

Melancholic is the boss's best friend

Each team is a microcosm and is also forced to fight for existence. The ideal has already been described. This is the "collective" of the forest, where Winnie the Pooh and all-all-all live forever.

After all, something is constantly happening there, and each creature described in the Great Book acts in its own way, in accordance with its own temperament. And in the end, everything always ends well.

Pooh is clearly sanguine. Active, cheerful, purposeful. And, like any sanguine person, he is prone to leadership. But this leadership is informal and does not belittle anyone. Although, it would seem, there is an abyss between him and Eeyore, he understands the “classical” melancholic best of all. There is something in common between them.

Let us take the heroic expedition to the North Pole. A drama unfolds: a tiny kangaroo Ru has fallen into the river. Who acts and how? Choleric Rabbit rushes back and forth, calling everyone else. The typical phlegmatic Owl explains that "in the event of an unexpected dive into the water, the most important thing is to keep your head above the surface." Only two are active: of course, the sanguine Winnie and ... the gloomy melancholic Eeyore.

Sanguine Pooh, acting on the principle of "here and now", offers the perfect way out: he throws a pole into the water and "fishes out" a kangaroo. But how original does Eeyore! He sits down near the dam, dips his tail into the water and offers: "Just hold on to my tail, Ru, and everything will be all right."

This is their difference: a sanguine person seeks support outside himself, and a melancholic person can find a completely non-standard solution “in himself” - to offer his own tail as a lifeline.

Eeyore always acts as a “gloomy philosopher”, but you can’t refuse his mind: when the whole company rejoices about the discovery of the “earth axis”, only he is amazed when an ordinary stick is slipped to him: “So we were looking for this thing? Well. At least it didn't rain."

Yes, the melancholic is in many ways reminiscent of a pessimist: "There's nothing to be done, this is how this sad world works." It is not an evil will that guides him. These are the features of his nervous activity - the processes of excitation are weak. It's like looking at the world through a microscope. But! He is the first to see the danger. Responds most quickly to deterioration in the "environment".

A smart leader knows that a melancholic is an ideal "indicator" of the health of the team. If he withdraws more and more into himself, becomes more irritable (from the outside it may look like aggressiveness), breaks relations with colleagues (he does not scandal - previous contacts crumble like sand) - the team is in trouble.

The melancholic is highly vulnerable, but a wise leader will not only not get rid of this supersensitive creature, but will surround him with friendliness and benevolence. And this "ugly duckling" can soar, turning into a swan. He has an innate ability for problem thinking - "problem sensitivity". After all, the orienting reaction “what is it?” he is naturally unusually strong. Therefore, the melancholic is simply indispensable when meeting with the unknown. It works effectively when it is impossible to follow the learned path. He won't bang his head against the wall when everyone is at an impasse. He will solve a non-standard problem - and fly over dead ends.

And when all the "strong", self-confident types are serenely satisfied, it is he who can notice that they are sitting on an island in the middle of a quagmire.

Yes, the melancholic has a “weak” type of nervous system, Pavlov even said that he needed “greenhouse conditions”. But all living things want to live, and in order to survive, the melancholic is forced to be able to build himself a greenhouse. Under any circumstances, he is trained to defend himself - and often interestingly lives in his "greenhouse" even under unbearable external conditions for "strong" types.

We return to the Magic Forest - and we see that it is Eeyore who is not lost in the tragic situation of separation from Christopher Robin. It is he who writes a farewell speech - in verse! And the first poet in the forest Vinnie recognizes the talent and superiority of Eeyore.

So the head of the company, who made friends with the melancholic, can expect that his “ship” will sail for a long time.

Team of those other types

The most strange of "colleagues in temperament" is the choleric melancholic. Well, it's the other way around! No wonder Pavlov called the choleric "unrestrained type." It is typical for him: “Maybe we’ll slip through, we’ll make our way!”, “The main thing is to get involved in the battle, we’ll see!”

The complete impression is that all our entrepreneurs of the "first capitalist wave" were without exception choleric. (Their excitation processes were simply frantic, and there seemed to be no inhibition at all.) Maybe that's why we have what we have today, both in the economy and in politics?

Perhaps you got a creature in your leadership that looks like an unbearable Rabbit, all the time starting idiotic "events" and claiming national gratitude?

Open the great bestseller in chapter fifteen - maybe this way of curbing the indomitable choleric will be useful to you too? (It would be nice to "lose" him in the fog in an unknown area - and see what happens. Suddenly - a modest, quiet and polite Rabbit?)

The most amazing thing is that melancholic and choleric, polar to each other, can work together perfectly. Perhaps, as co-authors, they are ideal. The choleric gushing with ideas is very interesting to the melancholic as a source of riddles (without which life is not sweet).

A phlegmatic person looks like a melancholic - also an introvert, "immersed in himself." And also - a victim of "near-psychological" myths. Boring, they say, boring. And this creature is just as balanced as the lucky sanguine, but a little slowed down. Immersed in a calm feeling of his thoughts - and he feels good! This is how the Owl, known in the Magic Forest as wise, wise. Well, who else is capable after the disaster, when the hurricane knocked down the tree house, so calmly wait for help - half an hour to tell the stunned Pooh about his uncle Robert?

Life throws up problem after problem for supposedly fairy-tale heroes, they “push” all together - and each time they reach the goal.

After all, they perfectly complement each other - due to the fact that everyone is different. And the main character Winnie the Pooh is really a super bear.

Secret of the Super Bear

Pooh self-critically sings that he has sawdust in his head. But most likely sawdust in the head of those who are trying to impose Western methods of achieving success in our real "forest". For huge sums of money at super-prestigious business trainings, the great Western gurus (most of them have never been heard of in their own homeland) sell us the supposedly “golden” rule: “Treat others the way you want to be treated.”

But the attitude that pleases the sanguine may cause hatred in the melancholic. What we see at every step.

When the train stops at the Imanta station, the eye rests on a huge board: "Dentists are waiting for you around the clock." And the adult melancholic closes his eyes in horror (although he personally has no problems with dentistry). Perhaps the sanguine at the same moment writes off the phone number from the pole - suddenly it will be needed.

An unforgettable sight is the visit of a phlegmatic person to a store with a "western" manner of service.

He would be allowed to walk around calmly, calmly look: what, what, how much it costs. Then he would gladly enter into a calm, detailed conversation. But on the very threshold, a flock of youths attack him with a glued “chee-out” smile and a joyful cry: “What can I offer you?” In most cases, mentally answering: “Leave me alone,” the annoyed phlegmatic turns and leaves the super-hospitable store. And it is unlikely that he will look here again.

When I see another huge ad about another huge discount in a prestigious store, I feel like giving completely free advice: “Promise potential buyers that your employees will not pester them for at least the first ten minutes. And we will come to you - a big company.

But Winnie the Pooh really knows the Great Rule of Communication: “Do not treat others as you would treat yourself. Treat the other as you treat yourself!"

Winnie is a super leader and a super bear. He accepts his friends as they are, does not try to remake anyone. He appreciates their originality - that's why it's so good in the Magic Forest. Remaining themselves, each gradually blossoms. Dear Winnie, how we miss you in the real forest of business relations!

As for the general desire to test for aptitude - really professional psychologists warn: "Careful with the results!" Personality is holistic, it is not a list of "positive" and "negative" properties. And if employees were selected “according to temperament” at the beginning of the 19th century, the course of history could be different. But the phlegmatic Kutuzov was "accepted" as a general. And he defeated the sanguine - Napoleon.

Who would "identify" a melancholic in the bright genius of Tchaikovsky? And in the gloomy genius Lermontov sanguine?

Of course, the choleric Peter I is quite suitable for the definition of "unrestrained type". But the most remarkable thing is that the thoughtful author of this definition, the great scientist Pavlov, was himself a choleric.

So the idea of ​​"good" and "bad" temperaments is sheer madness. And among the "spawn of the devil" - melancholic - there are resourceful rescuers and amazingly successful stuntmen.

If the leader were a super leader - like Winnie the Pooh - and you get a brilliant team that no one can beat!

I feel like I've read this before. And probably even laughed. But today I suddenly thought that if you take a good look at each of us, there will be a diagnosis. Especially if this diagnosis is ordered, especially if it is paid for...
So, the heroes of Milne's wonderful fairy tale, more familiar to us from Zakhoder's translation of Winnie the Pooh and All, All, All. Let's think about which of them we look like and at the same time find out which of the psychiatric diagnoses is closer to us. :))

So... Pay attention, by the way, to the fact that all these diagnoses were clearly guessed by artists, both ours and Americans! :))

A group of Canadian psychology experts analyzed the characters and behavior of the characters in one of the world's most popular children's books. It turned out that everything is not at all as cute and funny as it seems to an innocent childish look.

In the world of adults, Winnie, Tigger, Piglet and other inhabitants of the Magic Forest have serious mental disorders.

So, the restless Tiger suffers from a pronounced attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which does not allow him to sit still for a minute without trying to attract the attention of others.

Piglet's problem is a pathological causeless anxiety and fear, it is also an anxiety disorder.

This is evidenced by both the shy and nervous nature of the piglet, and its very demeanor: shuddering, tremors, constant attempts to hide in a corner and hide from the terrible world.

Rabbit is a typical anancaste, that is, a pathological pedant.

This is how psychologists describe this disorder: “anxious suspiciousness, fear of getting dirty, fear of thieves, scoundrels, over-accuracy, over-punctuality, exactingness, pangs of conscience…”. Do you recognize our hero?

The owl got OCD - obsessive-compulsive disorder. There is also little pleasant: "suspicious personalities, prone to rare maximally decisive actions, which is immediately noticeable against the background of their dominant calmness."

The diagnosis of Eeyore can also be made by a non-specialist: chronic depression.

A droopy look, slow speech, melancholy and inescapable pessimism - these symptoms are understandable to anyone who has experienced depression at least once in their life.

As for the main character, Winnie the Pooh, he, according to psychologists, is a drug addict who suffers from a severe mental dependence on honey.

Honey is the center of his existence, and Pooh is only truly happy when he has it. When there is no honey, all the thoughts of the bear cub are occupied only with how to get it.

Moreover, Pooh, like a true drug addict, is ready to do anything, his brain is very inventive in the fight for honey, while in all other areas of life, Pooh is stupid and has little interest in anything.

That's it! Shiziki. All! Yes, see for yourself!

Diagnostic sources.