Can lead to undesirable. Actions of a locksmith in the event of accidents and situations that can lead to undesirable consequences. Harm to health
4.1. In the event of accidents or situations that can lead to accidents and accidents, the locksmith is obliged to stop work, immediately report the incident to the head of work, the dispatcher or the management of the signaling and communication distance and then follow their instructions or act in accordance with the approved head of the signaling distance and connection with the emergency response plan.
In the event of such situations while working using a floor-operated hoist, the mechanic performing the duties of a slinger must:
stop lifting and moving cargo;
lower the load, and if this is not possible, take measures to protect the place under the load;
turn off the switch;
notify the person responsible for the safe operation of cranes of the situation that has arisen.
4.2. In the event of a fire in the premises of the specialized workshops of the marshalling yard, the locksmith must:
immediately inform the head of work and the fire brigade about the fire, indicating the exact place of its occurrence;
turn off the supply and exhaust ventilation;
lower the load (when working with a lifting machine controlled from the floor);
turn off the electrical equipment (turn off the lifting machine and the general switch);
notify others and, if necessary, remove people from the danger zone;
start extinguishing the fire using the available fire extinguishing equipment.
4.3. In the event of a fire, a fire near the workplace, the mechanic must turn off the power tool, shut off the air supply from the air line to the hose of the pneumatic tool, and together with other workers, move containers with gasoline, kerosene and other flammable liquids and substances to a safe place.
4.4. When electrical equipment catches fire, only carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish it, without directing a jet of carbon dioxide and powder towards people. When using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, in order to avoid frostbite, do not grasp the fire extinguisher socket with your hand.
4.5. Extinguishing a fire from an internal fire water supply should be carried out by a calculation of two people:
one rolls the sleeve from the tap to the place of fire, the second - at the command of the rolled sleeve, opens the tap.
4.6. When extinguishing a fire with a felt mat, the flame should be covered so that the fire from under it does not fall on a person.
4.7. When extinguishing a fire with sand, the scoop or shovel should not be raised to eye level in order to avoid getting sand into them.
4.8. Extinguishing burning objects located at a distance of less than 2 m from parts of the contact network under voltage is allowed only with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.
It is possible to extinguish the source of fire with water, foam and air-foam fire extinguishers only after the supervisor of work or another responsible person informs that the voltage has been removed from the contact network and it is grounded.
If foam gets on unprotected areas of the body, it must be wiped off with a handkerchief or other material and washed off with an aqueous solution of soda.
4.9. Extinguishing a source of fire located at a distance of more than 7 m from a live contact wire is allowed without removing the voltage. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the jet of water or foam solution does not approach the contact network and other live parts at a distance of less than 2 m.
4.10. When a person’s clothing catches fire, it is necessary to extinguish the fire as soon as possible, but at the same time it is impossible to knock down the flame with unprotected hands. Inflamed clothing must be quickly discarded, torn off or extinguished by pouring water. On a person in burning clothes, you can throw a thick cloth, a tarpaulin, which, after the elimination of the flame, must be removed in order to reduce the thermal effect on the human skin. At the same time, one should not cover a person’s head, as this can lead to damage to the respiratory tract and poisoning with toxic combustion products.
4.11. If any accident occurs, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the impact of the traumatic factor, provide him with first aid and inform the work manager about the accident.
Many diets call for limiting and sometimes even completely eliminating red meat*. But how can this affect health?
* Red meat refers to the meat of mammals and some birds, which has a red tint due to the presence of the protein myoglobin. The most common types of red meat on the shelves of Russian stores are beef, pork and lamb.
Reducing our intake of red meat can deprive us of essential minerals and vitamins, especially zinc and vitamin D, which are vital for women's health.
An analysis of data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Review found that women who eat less than 40g of red meat per day are deficient in micronutrients such as zinc, iron, vitamin B12, vitamin D and potassium.
Lead researcher, dietitian Emma Derbyshire, said calling on all populations to cut down on red meat could lead to nutrient deficiencies, especially for people in certain risk groups.
According to Emma Derbyshire, the study has proven that there is a link between low red meat intake and insufficient levels of important nutrients for the health of the body.
The experts analyzed data from 2021 women aged 11 to 64 who took part in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Review.
It found that British women aged 19 to 64 consume an average of 47 grams of red meat per day, and 43% of women consume less than 40 grams of red meat per day.
These figures are well below the upper recommended intake of red meat, which is 70 grams per day.
As a result, the total average daily intake of iron and zinc was below normal in 30.5% and 9.8% of the study participants, respectively.
The consumption of riboflavin and potassium turned out to be below the level required for the body in 14.7% and 25.1% of women, respectively.
It turned out that 48.5% of British women are deficient in selenium.
The average intake of vitamin D was 1.98 mg, which is also below normal.
Women who consume less than 40 grams of red meat per day experience more acute micronutrient deficiencies (especially iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and potassium) compared to women who consume 40 to 69 grams of red meat per day.
Normal iron levels are essential for a woman's health. In particular, iron is essential for maintaining reproductive function. Iron deficiency can undermine not only the health of the mother, but also her unborn child.
Zinc is a component of many enzymes and is essential for supporting immune cell growth, as well as healthy hair, skin, and nails. Zinc is also an essential micronutrient for women of reproductive age.
4.1.1. During operation, the following main emergencies may occur:
the occurrence of a fire;
breakage of the contact wire;
breakage of power and signal wires of overhead lines;
rolling stock derailment;
the appearance of harmful gases in underground structures.
4.1.2. In the event of an emergency, the electrician and the electrician are obliged to stop work, turn off the power from the faulty equipment (equipment, stand), if necessary, fence the dangerous place and immediately report the incident to the senior electrician or work manager and then follow his instructions to prevent accidents or elimination of an emergency situation.
4.1.3. Employees who are nearby, upon an alarm signal, are obliged to immediately come to the scene and take part in providing first aid to the victim or eliminating the emergency situation that has arisen.
4.1.4. When eliminating an emergency, it is necessary to act in accordance with the approved plan for eliminating accidents.
4.1.5. In the event of a fire, you must:
immediately inform the fire brigade, indicating the exact location of the fire;
notify the work manager;
notify others and, if necessary, remove people from the danger zone;
start extinguishing the fire using primary fire extinguishing means;
organize a fire brigade meeting.
4.1.6. When using foam (carbon dioxide, powder) fire extinguishers, do not direct the jet of foam (powder, carbon dioxide) at people. If foam gets on unprotected areas of the body, wipe it off with a handkerchief or other material and rinse with an aqueous solution of soda.
In case of electrical fires, use only carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers. When using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, do not grasp the fire extinguisher socket with your hand.
4.1.7. In rooms with internal fire hydrants, it is necessary to use a calculation of two people: one rolls out the sleeve from the faucet to the place of fire, the second, at the command of the unrolling sleeve, opens the faucet.
4.1.8. When extinguishing a fire with a felt mat, the flame should be covered so that the fire from under it does not fall on the person extinguishing the fire.
4.1.9. When extinguishing a flame with a sand scoop, do not raise the shovel to eye level to avoid getting sand into them.
4.1.10. Extinguishing burning objects located at a distance of more than 7 m from a live contact wire can be allowed without removing the voltage. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the jet of water or foam does not approach the contact network and other live parts at a distance of less than 2 m.
4.1.11. If a person’s clothes caught fire, then the fire should be extinguished as soon as possible, but the flame should not be knocked down with unprotected hands. Inflamed clothing must be quickly thrown off, torn off, or extinguished by flooding with water, and in winter by sprinkling with snow. A thick cloth, blanket, tarpaulin can be thrown over a person in burning clothes, which must be removed after the flame is extinguished.
4.1.12. In case of fire at the electrical centralization post, it is necessary:
turn off all power sources with switches on the shield or fuses on the cabinet;
report a fire to the chipboard, DSC and the distance dispatcher on duty, call the fire brigade;
start extinguishing the fire in the service and technical premises, using the primary fire extinguishing equipment located in the room.
4.1.13. If a break in the wires of the contact network or high-voltage overhead lines is detected, you should immediately inform the station attendant, energy dispatcher or train dispatcher, protect the place of the break and make sure that no one approaches it closer than 8 m. If broken wires or other elements of the contact network and high-voltage overhead lines violate the clearance of the approach of buildings and can be affected when the train passes, it is necessary to protect this place with stop signals.
It is forbidden to come closer than 8 m to the broken wires of the contact network and high-voltage overhead lines, as well as to touch anything to them and foreign objects located on them, regardless of whether they touch or do not touch the ground or grounded structures.
4.1.14. In the event that the signaling and communication wires fall to the ground while simultaneously coming into contact with the wires of the power line, the electrician and electrician must immediately stop all work with the wires; take measures to stop all traffic in the area where the wires fell; report the incident to the head of work or the distance dispatcher of the CCS.
4.1.15. Upon detection of a broken wire on the combined overhead line, the electrician and electrician must immediately take measures to turn off the voltage in this area. Eliminate the danger to unauthorized persons passing near the broken wire, and report the incident to the work manager or the dispatcher of the CCS distance.
Photos from open sources
For many people, internal diseases are not as terrible as external ones, leading to an aesthetically ugly appearance. And such diseases include a fungal infection of the nail plate on the hands and feet.
Wanting to get rid of this problem, people resort to various methods of treatment, most often the main one is self-medication. But before you engage in treatment, you should understand the nature of the occurrence of this disease and the causes of its occurrence.
Fungal infection of the nails is associated with many factors. This disease is caused by fungi called dermatophytes. A very small area of affected skin or nail is enough for the disease to spread to other people.
The areas of the hands and feet affected by such a fungus are constantly itchy and flaky. This disease is called mycosis. And if the nail plate is affected by the fungus, then we are talking about onychomycosis. And of course, the treatment of these ailments will be different.
The first signs of these diseases may not be noticed by their owners, and the more time is lost between the discovery of a problem and its immediate treatment, the more difficult the recovery process will be. You can start this problem so much that the process of damage to the blood and the human immune system will begin.
If you find the first signs of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor. Only a doctor will be able to assess the degree of damage and the type of fungus, and, depending on this, prescribe an effective treatment.
Every fifth inhabitant of the country is faced more with onychomycosis, which was previously treated with surgery. But even this method was not always effective. Modern medicine allows you to cope with this disease more democratic and most effective methods. Patients who prefer to self-medicate can use topical preparations, but they are good only in the initial stages. If the disease is running, then superficial treatment with ointments and creams will not work. You will have to take pills and capsules that only a doctor can prescribe.
The most effective method of combating fungal infections is their prevention. It consists in avoiding direct contact with sick people, not wearing someone else's shoes, using only your own tools when treating nails, in general places (pool, bath) using your own change of shoes, monitoring the timely change of socks and the dryness of shoes, regularly take care of hands and feet, as well as nails.
By following these simple rules, the disease in the form of fungal infections will not take anyone by surprise.
ignition leading to fire or explosion;
Rolling stock derailment;
Fall of a diesel locomotive (diesel train car) raised on jacks;
Breakage of a contact wire and a fall on a diesel locomotive (diesel train car).
4.2. In the event of an accident or emergency, the locksmith is obliged to stop work, immediately report the incident to the foreman (foreman) or other heads of the depot (PTOL) and then follow their instructions or act in accordance with the emergency response plan approved in the depot (PTOL).
4.3. In the event of a fire, the mechanic must:
Stop work and turn off electrical equipment and test benches;
Turn off the supply and exhaust ventilation;
Immediately report the fire to the work manager (foreman, foreman) and the fire brigade, indicating the exact place of its occurrence;
Notify others and, if necessary, remove people from the danger zone;
Start extinguishing the fire using primary fire extinguishing equipment.
4.4. In the event of a fire, a fire near the workplace, the mechanic must turn off the power tool, shut off the air supply from the air line to the hose of the pneumatic tool, and together with other workers, move containers with gasoline, kerosene and other flammable liquids and substances to a safe place.
4.5. If electrical equipment catches fire, only carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish it. Do not direct a jet of carbon dioxide and powder towards people. When using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, in order to avoid frostbite, do not grasp the fire extinguisher socket with your hand.
4.6. Extinguishing a fire with internal fire hoses should be carried out by a crew of two people: one rolls out the hose from the crane to the place of fire, the second - at the command of the unrolling hose, opens the crane.
4.7. When extinguishing a fire with a felt mat, the flame should be covered so that the fire from under it does not fall on a person.
4.8. When extinguishing a fire with sand, the scoop or shovel should not be raised to eye level in order to avoid getting sand into them.
4.9. Extinguishing burning objects located at a distance of less than 2 m from energized parts of the contact network is allowed only with carbon dioxide and powder fire extinguishers.
It is possible to extinguish the source of fire with water, foam and air-foam fire extinguishers only after the supervisor of work or another responsible person informs that the voltage has been removed from the contact network and it is grounded.
If foam gets on unprotected areas of the body, wipe it off with a handkerchief or other material and rinse with an aqueous solution of soda.
4.10. Extinguishing a fire located at a distance of more than 7 m from a live contact wire can be allowed without removing the voltage. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the jet of water or foam does not touch the contact wire and other live parts.
4.11. When a diesel locomotive (diesel train car) derails or a raised diesel locomotive (diesel train car) falls off the jacks, the locksmith must immediately report the incident to the foreman (foreman) or other depot managers (PTOL) and then follow their instructions.
4.12. When touching a live dangling contact wire of a diesel locomotive (diesel train car) or falling on a diesel locomotive (diesel train car), it is prohibited to touch parts of the diesel locomotive (diesel train car) while standing on the ground until the voltage is removed from the contact suspension.
In the event of a diesel locomotive or a diesel train carriage catching fire (when a contact wire under voltage falls on them) and it is impossible to continue to stay on it, the locksmith must get off the diesel locomotive (diesel train carriage). When leaving the diesel locomotive (diesel train car), you should go down to the bottom step of the stairs and, releasing the handrails of the diesel locomotive (diesel train car), jump to the ground. During landing and after, do not touch the ground, rail or diesel locomotive (diesel train car) with your hands.
A locksmith who finds himself at a distance of less than 8 m from a broken contact wire lying on the ground must leave the danger zone in the manner specified in paragraph 3.2.9 of this Instruction.
4.13. If any accident occurs, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the impact of the traumatic factor, provide him with first aid and inform the work manager about the accident.