Advantages of laying paving slabs on a concrete base. Adhesive for paving slabs on a concrete base - basic rules when choosing products Tile adhesive for paving slabs frost-resistant

Today we will talk with you on the topic - laying paving slabs on a concrete base. The most common way is laying on a compacted sand cushion. But in those places where there is high traffic (playgrounds) or load (car parks), paving slabs should be laid on a reliable and prepared concrete base.

Also, a concrete screed is used on unstable soils or clay soils.

Pros and cons of laying tiles on concrete

The installation principle is similar to laying tiles on a concrete screed, as a result of using this technology you get a number of advantages.

The disadvantages include:

Concrete base installation technology

The entire technology of pouring a concrete base can be divided into two stages:

1. Preparatory stage. The process of reinforcing and pouring concrete.

And so we start with the marking of the site. Here you can turn on your imagination and draw on paper any shapes and configurations of recreation areas, parking spaces or paths on your land. After you have thought and drawn everything, we transfer this drawing to the site.

1. When we marked everything out and decided on the method of laying the curbs. We tear out a trench of a different level of the bottom. We clean the bottom of roots, debris and stones. In order to reduce to zero the mixing of crushed stone with the ground, geotextiles can be used, it also prevents the roots of grasses and plants from germinating. Then we fall asleep rubble and ram. As mentioned above, the minimum thickness is 10 cm. After that, we make a 2 cm layer of sand (sand + cement). In order to prevent moisture from penetrating the concrete elements from the ground, a waterproofing layer is made. If we use roofing material, then one layer is enough, and if we use plastic film, then we use two layers.

We will consider the case when we immediately install the curbs and trays of the storm system, they will play the role of formwork for the concrete base. After the sand-gravel base is ready, with the help of cement mortar we set the curbs according to the level, and lay the storm trays.

Reinforcement of tracks with a small dynamic load is carried out in one layer. Reinforcement is made with reinforcing or wire mesh.

For paths, the grid level should be located at a depth of 2-3 cm from the top edge of the concrete. To do this, you can use stands made of concrete or plastic.

If we have a concrete base thickness of 15 cm, then we first fill in a layer of 12 cm. We lay the reinforcement grid and pour the remaining 3 cm of concrete mortar.

Reinforcement of sites with a large dynamic load is carried out in 2 layers. The first layer is laid on stands 2-3 cm high, and the upper ones on special devices (spiders, tables).

Grids are overlapped, at least one section. The top layer is also located at a depth of 2-3 cm, from the upper edge of the concrete base.

These are just boards laid along the entire length, after pouring they are dismantled, and before laying paving slabs on concrete, these seams are filled with an elastic compound.

These joints compensate for the expansion and contraction of the concrete during sudden changes in temperature, which allows the concrete surface to not crack or bulge.

A drainage system must be provided. As mentioned above, you can lower the curbs below, or leave a small distance between the curb and the concrete surface.

Some specialists drill ready-made poured concrete at intervals of 20-30 cm, over the entire surface and fill the holes with fine gravel.

You can also use scraps of plastic or asbestos pipes. They are cut in half and holes are made on a spherical circle.

When a concrete solution is poured, they are set in such a way that the spherical part is in the gravel cushion layer, and the cut one is flush with the top level of the concrete base. Before laying the tiles, the space of the pipes is also covered with fine gravel.

The base for pouring is ready, the reinforcing elements are ready, the drainage system is also ready - you can start pouring the concrete solution.

With large volumes, and convenient access, it is more profitable to order a ready-made solution, only it is necessary to prepare everything.

If this is not possible, then the concrete solution is prepared independently, while the composition of the concrete looks like this - crushed stone, sand and cement are mixed in a concrete mixer in a ratio of 3: 2: 1 + water. Filling should be done continuously with a creamy consistency of concrete mortar.

The top layer should not contain large fractions of gravel. After pouring, the entire surface of the concrete is covered with a film for up to 1 week and periodically watered.

The seams between the tiles are filled with carving and spilled with water, do this before the composition stops sagging. When using this method, you can walk on the surface during the laying process, and also in case of failure of one of the elements, it can be easily and quickly replaced.

Sand-cement mortar prepared in a ratio of 3 parts of sifted sand and 1 part of cement, everything is thoroughly mixed with water until a creamy solution is obtained.

The solution is laid out on a concrete surface 2-3 cm thick. The tiles are laid and lightly beaten with a rubber mallet. You should check the horizontal level of the tile as often as possible.

To do this, use the building level. This installation method is budget and unpretentious. It is used in the arrangement of large areas. We also fill the seams with carving or sand and do not forget to shed the seams until the mixture or sand completely shrinks.

Tile adhesive. Glue is bought already packaged and diluted in small portions before use, as it sets quickly enough. Glue should be used for outdoor work (streets).

It is for this reason that you should carefully lay out the tiles. The diluted adhesive solution is applied with a thickness of 0.5-1 cm. It is recommended to seal the seams with the same adhesive solution. Or sand and horseback riding.

And one of the most important questions is whether paving slabs can be laid on an old concrete surface. First you need to inspect the surface, if it has a large number of defects (cracks, pits, chips), and is no longer so strong, then it is best to replace the concrete base.

And if the damage is not significant, then they should be puttied with cement mortar, and the bumps and protrusions should be knocked down. But in general, after a slight reconstruction of the surface, the laying technology remains the same as when laying tiles on a concrete base.

In this case, it is more appropriate to use glue as a binding element.

Conclusion

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base is a reliable and proven technology for arranging sites with increased dynamic and static loads.

Yes, the cost increases dramatically due to the formation of a concrete base, but the service life is much longer than that of sand and gravel bases, which will justify all your costs. We emphasize that only compliance with the entire technological cycle will provide you with long-term performance.

Sand and gravel substrates can often shrink. It is not suitable in cases where it is necessary to make a blind area of ​​a building or a parking lot, therefore, when the most reliable and high-quality paving is required, laying paving slabs on a concrete base is more relevant. This design is able to withstand significant loads and a long service life.

First of all, you should pay attention to the frost resistance of paving stones - it should be within F100÷F200. Equally important is how much weight the coating can support, that is, the compressive strength (recommended 50 MPa). Pay attention to the absence of chips along the edges of the tile; you should also refuse to buy if the structure of the product is porous.

In order for each tile to be laid securely and evenly on a concrete base - depressions, protrusions and other irregularities are unacceptable.

Too saturated, bright or uneven color often indicates a violation of the dyeing technology and, as a result, insufficient strength of the products.

Stages of work

The decision to lay paving slabs on concrete can be dictated by both the need to restore the old coating and the desire to update the existing design, while it is not necessary to pre-restore the old base. To lay the garden path with paving slabs on the mortar, you need:

• install curbs along the edges (they will require recesses filled with compacted rubble);
• pour a cement-sand screed in a ratio of 1:4 and a thickness of about 3 cm over a short distance onto the gravel (or the remaining wet concrete base), level it with the rule and immediately, preventing the mortar from setting, lay the tiles, leave gaps minimal. Pour a new portion of the screed and repeat everything until it is completely laid over the entire area of ​​​​the track;
• seal the seams between the paving stones with mortar or grout, if they get on the front surface of the track, remove it before it hardens.

Sometimes a plan may arise to renew the old concrete pavement in the garage with paving slabs, although the idea is not the best: over time, it will not be possible to avoid traces of oils, antifreeze and other liquids. In addition, you will have to adjust the entrance, as the surface level will rise. But, if the decision is made, then the technology for laying tiles in the garage for glue is as follows:

• the concrete surface is thoroughly cleaned of dirt and dust;
• for better adhesion, the screed is primed;
• the tile is laid out on the floor of the garage in order to eliminate inaccuracies and errors, to trim in advance (if necessary);
• part of the tiles is removed, glue is applied to the concrete (both ready-made and in the form of a dry mix are available for sale, the latter must be diluted as indicated on the package) and laying is carried out. To maintain the same minimum gaps, plastic crosses are installed. The procedure is repeated until the entire floor of the garage is filled;
• the seams are rubbed, the surface is cleaned.

Pros and cons and cons of a concrete base

The first should include the fact that the coating is able to withstand loads more than on a conventional substrate. The concrete base gives confidence that the tile will not sag, and the service life is significantly increased. The disadvantage is that when laying in the open air, a slope of 2-3 degrees is required to ensure the drainage of water during precipitation.

If we are talking about updating the old base, the costs of which are no longer taken into account, then the “cons” will have to include the price of laying on a concrete screed. It is relatively expensive to prepare a solid base, which in itself is a coating, and then lay paving stones on top of it.

DIY styling

Masonry is not so difficult to produce that it could not be done independently. To put paving slabs 4 cm in size on concrete with your own hands, you will need:

• install bounding formwork or lay curbs along the edges of the screed;
• prepare a sand-cement mortar 4: 1;
• after wetting the screed, distribute the closed mortar in such a way that the required slope is observed;
• lay the tiles, maintaining minimum gaps between them and correcting their correct position with a rubber mallet;
• place the trimmed elements in their proper places last;
• timely clean the front surface of the tiles from the solution;
• at the end of laying, grout the seams.

Price

The price of laying on a concrete screed, as a rule, is higher than on other types of foundations, this is due to the additional costs of its manufacture and the need to provide a slope, additional drainage systems. Estimated cost for work in Moscow is shown in the table:

Company	Types of jobs	Price, rub/m2	Notes
"Astroy"	rectilinear paving	500	auxiliary work is carried out according to the estimate
	decorative	600
	trimming edge elements	180 l.m
Roscemgroup	on a base of gravel and sand	850	customer materials, area up to 600 m2
		600
	with preparation	1 300
	rubble and sand	1 850	materials and work of the company, area up to 600 m 2
	on the finished concrete base	2 600
	with preparation	1 300
"Moskladka"	ready-made paving	750	with materials
	—/—	500	without materials
"Build Marz"	on a ready base	500	—/—
	with preparation	1 000	—/—
	"Full construction"	1 700	materials and foundation preparation

Video with installation steps.

Interesting: "How to cut ceramic tiles", "Density of building sand", "How to lay tiles".

How to lay paving slabs on concrete?

Dear colleague!! I did not study at vocational school! University Thank God behind you! I have been laying tiles for eight seasons - from early spring to white flies. I haven't blushed for my work yet! And if - this is a new building material, then I give up!! No comments as they say! Sticking a 60 on a curb concrete pad is the height of luxury! Plus, you completely forgot that over time, one dick will begin to tear the concrete, and with it the glued tiles. And on the sand it is (the tile will simply win back the movement of concrete and that's it). In extreme cases, it is not a problem to re-lay a few squares. But if it is glued - it's already hemorrhoids! What is displayed on yours with a blind area is the right decision in this particular case - to lay it on glue. Moreover, there is no curb on part of the blind area - savings, however. The only wrong is the brand of glue. Eunice's indigestion! I prefer Knaufs. But that's my personal opinion. Sincerely colleague!

The OSNOVIT trademark presents new solutions for laying paving stones and stone. Compositions on a mineral binder FLYFORM provide proper water drainage, protect coatings from swelling of soils and sprouting of seams, extend the life of paving elements. The use of colored solutions in landscaping (paths, garden areas, barbecue areas) allows you to give originality and aesthetic appearance to the site.

The traditional old way of landscaping the local area is laying paving stones and stone on the sand. As a result of the impact of precipitation, as well as groundwater, the underlying layers of sand are washed away, the road surface sags and collapses. The effect of destruction is exacerbated by the impact of transport loads. An irreversible consequence is the washing out of sand from the pavement joints, as well as the formation of puddles in places where the underlying layers are destroyed. Sagging pavement is an obstacle for pedestrians, causes inconvenience when passing small wheeled vehicles, such as baby and household strollers, wheelbarrows, bicycles, etc. Weeds, moss and debris can grow in unfilled joints, significantly worsening the appearance of the coating.

Gluing paving stones on concrete bases and using sand concrete without properly filling the joints does not ensure the reliability of the structure. The materials of the mounting layer freeze and collapse, the next step is the destruction of the concrete base. Rutting and subsidence of layers are one of the most common accidental defects in coatings made of piece materials, and are also the consequences of the destruction of the bases.

System Benefits OSNOVIT FLYFORM are:

paving elements are rigidly interconnected, forming a solid structure;

the color of the pavement joints harmoniously looks with the colored masonry mortars OSNOVIT on the facade of the building, fences, steps made of clinker or ceramic bricks;

durability and resistance to atmospheric phenomena, seasonal temperature fluctuations;

resistance to light traffic loads;

ease of use and maintenance of the road surface;

resistance to abrasion and cleaning equipment.

A range of landscaping solutions from TM OSNOVIT includes drainage mortar, assembly adhesives, grouting solutions, as well as special solutions for cleaning and additional protection of paving elements. Systems OSNOVIT FLYFORM designed for clinker paving, full-sawn and sawn-split natural stone paving stones, thin stone slabs with a thickness of not more than 20 mm, as well as raw stone with an uneven base of variable thickness.

When landscaping the earthen base, it is recommended to compact it with a sand and gravel cushion for the subsequent installation of the system OSNOVIT FLYFORM DRAINAGE, consisting of a drainage underlayment , a thin - layer adhesive and a grout for grouting . Compaction of layers of loose materials, installation of a drainage underlayment, installation of paving stones and filling of joints do not require long technological breaks, allowing you to mount the system OSNOVIT FLYFORM DRAINAGE in several days. The fixing of paving stones to the drainage solution is carried out according to the “wet on wet” principle and provides a monolithic adhesion of the coating and the underlying layer.

System OSNOVIT FLYFORM CONCRETE is intended for installation of paving stones on concrete bases, cement-sand screeds and requires careful preparation. The key is to protect the concrete-pavement adhesive joint with a waterproof joint mortar. The joints are filled with a liquid method, the solution penetrates into the joints with a width of 5 mm. To create a slope and proper water flow, the system provides for the use of leveling glue. The thickness of the layer allows you to level unevenness up to 20 mm, gluing paving stones with concrete with an adhesion force of 1 MPa.

For laying limestone, natural stone, it is recommended to use a mortar that allows you to install the material with simultaneous jointing. The coating elements are recessed into the solution layer, forming a single waterproof system. The plasticity of the product allows laying stone with an uneven base with a total thickness of up to 30 mm. System FOUNDATION FLYFORM STONE requires preparatory concrete work, the substrate must be clean, sound and dry. It is recommended to provide for a pavement slope at the level of foundation preparation.

FLYFORM systems help to reliably and efficiently pave paving stones and stone on concrete and sand and gravel bases, withstand pedestrian and vehicle loads weighing up to 3.5 tons. Use FLYFORM materials in landscape gardening, landscape design, urban landscaping when creating bridges and pedestrian zones.

A path or sidewalk can become a convenient place for movement in a country house or in a private house. Don't think it will be expensive or too difficult. The technology is available to anyone who has minimal knowledge of how to lay tiles. And the price depends on the chosen installation method.

A concrete base is often used if serious loads on paving slabs are planned. Under the weight of the material will not settle or deteriorate, as is the case with the traditional method. If workers have installed a blind area, then a concrete screed with waterproofing properties will be required.

The durability of a concrete-based pavement is much higher than that of a conventional pavement.

Installation technology is available to everyone and you can do the work yourself. The main thing is to make drainage and drainage before the process itself. Concrete cannot pass water, and in the cold season or in the off-season it is quite dangerous.

Stages of laying tiles on a concrete base:

• Calculation, marking and preparatory work;
• curb installation;
• Creation of a concrete base;
• Paving slab.

At the first stage, it is necessary to tighten the thread to indicate the laying level. It is necessary to equip the correct level of slope of the sidewalk. Usually it is 1-3 degrees.

It is also worth taking care of excavation of the soil. The threshold should be about 40 cm. This is how the required soil depth is calculated, taking into account that the sidewalk is always slightly above ground level. You also need to take into account the descent for drainage.

Curbs are installed so that the path can maintain its shape. The pour itself is quite heavy and multi-layered, so this formwork is simply necessary. One way or another, you will have to install the curb before pouring concrete or after.

To install the edge of the sidewalk, it is necessary to dig a trench, which will be 30 cm below the sole of the curb slab. 10-20 cm of the trench should be occupied by crushed stone, which is well rammed. Next, the solution is poured and the fence of the track is installed. After a day, you can start the main work.

After excavating the soil, you need to level the soil and create the desired slope. After that, geotextiles should be laid. It is placed to prevent the germination of greenery, which is already impossible due to the thick layer of concrete.

Next, it is worth laying 15-20 cm of rubble and compacting everything. After that, you need to install a metal frame. This is done if high loads on the sidewalk are planned. After that, concrete grade M100 - M200 is poured.

Procedure: how to lay paving slabs on a concrete base

The procedure for laying paving slabs is similar to the usual installation of tiles in a bathroom or kitchen. Preparatory work does not require priming or thorough cleaning. It is enough to choose the right way of laying.

Paving slab mounting options:

• On a wet base of sand and cement;
• On a dry base;
• For construction adhesive.

When working with the dry method, there is a large shrinkage of the material, so this method is used only by professionals. And the cost of building glue is not affordable for everyone. That is why the most optimal option is laying on a wet screed.

To begin with, a cement-sand mortar is prepared. Crushed stone does not need to be added to the composition. The mixture is slightly stronger and thicker than with bedding.

First you need to make a sample. It is necessary to determine how the tile will be placed, cut out problem areas. After that, it is necessary to pour the solution with a layer of 2-3 cm. Next, you should lay the tile.

Crosses are used to control the gap. It is important to monitor both the evenness of the surface and the desired slope.

After completing the work, you must wait a couple of days for the final drying. The resulting gap will need to be filled with sand using a broom. After 7 days, you can treat the cracks with a solution.

Using adhesive for paving slabs

If desired, glue can be used for paving slabs. The work itself is simple and can be done by hand. But the result is a strong and durable coating.

To work, you will need the mixture itself and the selected tile. Laying must be done on a concrete base. This will provide a durable coating on which vehicles can move.

The sequence of installing tiles on construction adhesive:

1. Foundation preparation. It is necessary to get rid of debris and moisten the work surface with water. If there is no curb, then a fence must be installed.
2. Laying tiles. It is necessary to lay the tile, gradually applying glue. The layer of the mixture must be adjusted with a trowel. You can make the necessary slope by controlling the thickness of the layer. A separate tile should be immersed in the mixture by a couple of millimeters.

A rubber mallet can help you lay the paving stones correctly. Sometimes the adhesive method can be used to form the base. After preparing the soil, you just need to pour the mixture.

When applying glue, it is better to make a transverse slope. The longitudinal version will require more glue.

To make the base with the use of glue stronger, it is necessary to add cement, sand and gravel to the mixture. So the structure of the solution will be more durable. But such a foundation will cost too much.

It is important to correctly lay out the tiles, but besides this, there are also many nuances that relate to the installation of paving stones. To begin with, it is necessary to take into account the risk of working with moving soil. Here it is worth tamping the ground with a vibrating saw. In addition, there are other nuances of technology.

Practical advice and rules for the performance of work:

1. Pay attention to soils with high humidity. During freezing, they will increase their volume, so the pavement laying technology is different.
2. It is necessary to take into account the weather conditions during work. Wind, rain, hail directly affect the hardening of concrete.
3. The first processing of seams should be carried out exclusively with sand. In this case, it is better to sift it.
4. For high-quality work, it is worth using additional tools: concrete mixers, vibrating saw. So the crushed stone will be securely compacted, and the concrete will have a uniform consistency.
5. If you plan to create paintings or unusual patterns, then you should try on the tiles and think everything over in advance.
6. In the absence of skills in laying tiles, you need to seek help from professionals.

The durability of the coating depends on the care of the tiles. To do this, it is worth periodically cleaning. If the paving stone has split or other defects have appeared, then it can be repaired. You just need to replace the old tile flooring with a new one.

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base (video)

A concrete base for paving slabs is simply necessary. It strengthens the path and allows transport to move along it. At the same time, pouring concrete increases the service life of flagstone. Laying work can be done in three ways. It all depends on the available resources and skills.