What to do if the walls in the house are damp. Why is the corner in the house damp. Modern materials for the repair of damp walls

Dampness on the walls is a common problem that can appear not only in an apartment, but also in a private house. It must be addressed immediately, because when the walls and corners become damp, not only the wallpaper begins to darken and peel off, but mold also appears.

Dampness on the walls can contribute to the appearance of various diseases, and become a collection point for insects, mites and other fungi. If the wall in the apartment becomes damp, what to do and where to go?

Why is this happening

The reasons for increased humidity on the walls can be different. Basically, they are divided into internal and external. Most often, the apartment gets wet due to the following circumstances:

External moisture

This problem is typical for apartments located on the upper floors with a poor drainage system.

Water can enter the walls through microcracks or poorly sealed seams. Also, the wall can become damp due to a drainpipe passing nearby.

To get rid of this problem, you will have to clean the walls of the damp coating, plaster them, prime them, and also cover them with waterproofing mastic.

Independently, such actions can be done either in a private house or in an apartment building on the ground floor. In other cases, you will have to seek help from specialists.

wall freezing

This phenomenon occurs when the temperature outside is too low, and the air inside the room is not warm enough. Because of this, the walls begin to freeze through, and moisture appears on its inner surface.

Also, the wall can freeze due to the presence of microcracks or leaky joints. To eliminate such a problem, sometimes it is enough to increase the temperature in the room, but the most effective way would be to additionally insulate the walls. In this case, it is better to give preference to the exterior finish.

Excess moisture

If we are talking about a brick building, then a large amount of moisture is formed due to the basement. In other cases, the appearance of pockets of dampness can contribute to the replacement of windows in the apartment. This is explained by the fact that the installed plastic windows are very tight and close the openings too tightly, so the ventilation of the room worsens.

As a result, condensation appears, and the windows sweat. Sometimes it is enough to ventilate the room to avoid this problem. If it persists, then you can try to improve the operation of the ventilation system.

Mold

To get rid of this problem, you need to treat the affected areas with an antifungal agent and re-coat with plaster.

Poor air ventilation

To avoid high humidity in the apartment, it is important that the ventilation system works properly.. You can check the quality of its work with a piece of paper by attaching it to the grate. If it holds and does not subside, then there is traction and the channels are not clogged.

If there is no draft, you will need to install additional devices designed to establish air circulation. When there is no debris in the hole, but the draft is weak, then additional slots are made at the bottom of the door so that the air flows better. If these measures did not help, then the specialists install a forced exhaust into the ventilation duct.

Additional reasons

Additional reasons include insufficient heating of the room, too thin walls, the formation of voids in the floor slabs, etc.

Often, dampness in the house is due to inadequate insulation of the foundation.. If its waterproofing is insufficient, then if groundwater rises by more than 1.5 meters, they can penetrate the walls. In this case, the manifestation of excessive moisture will be observed under the baseboards, the plaster begins to fall off, and the wallpaper peels off.

Sometimes you can see how damp only the upper corners. This problem occurs more often in the cold season. In private houses or apartments on the upper floors, dampness is formed due to the attic. This happens when:

Wetting can occur due to inadequate attic insulation. Most often, damp spots appear in those places where the attic floor is adjacent to the outer walls.
Poor attic ventilation. If the ventilation system works well, then the temperature is kept at the same level on the entire surface of the roof in cold weather.

What to do

Having found out the reason why the walls get wet, the question arises of eliminating excessive moisture.

If this situation arose after the repair, then it is enough to ventilate the rooms more often. If it is a cold period of time, then it is important that the room is warm enough.

If the batteries are not enough, you can use additional heaters. When the problem lies in ventilation, you can try to remove foreign objects that interfere with normal air circulation.

Insufficient waterproofing refers to a more difficult situation. Eliminating the problem consists only in finding the area where the water comes from and its high-quality isolation. The main source is the seams on the outside of the house. Only specialists should solve such a problem.

Where to go

If all possible options for eliminating dampness do not help, then you need to write a statement and transfer it to the management company. It is drawn up in writing and in two copies. The paper should contain detailed information about when the corners or walls began to get wet, and the exact location.

ATTENTION! After submitting an application, it is important to make sure that it is recorded. One stamped copy must be kept by the applicant.

The next action of the management company should be to send the master to inspect the dwelling, based on the results of which an act is drawn up on the presence of dampness and the reasons for its occurrence. The owner of the apartment must request a copy of this document.

As soon as the act is drawn up, the Criminal Code must decide on the option of repair work, as well as the period when they will be completed. It is advisable for the apartment owner to take a copy of each document. If the repair is not carried out or the period is significantly delayed, then with these copies it will be possible to contact the relevant authorities.

Dampness prevention

It is advisable to dry the linen outside the dwelling or with the extractor fan running.
During cooking, the dishes must be covered with a lid so that steam does not come out of them.
In the bathroom, which contains the highest concentration of moisture, as well as in the kitchen, you need to periodically clean the vents from clogging. Also, these rooms require systematic ventilation.
In a private house, you can try to isolate the attic. In addition, you can cover the walls with waterproofing material.
It is recommended to reduce the use of combustible substances, such as paraffin, which contributes to the appearance of moisture.
Correct errors in the heating system in time.
You can use a dehumidifier to reduce humidity. Such a device easily eliminates the problem. It is also quite compact, which makes it easy to carry it to different rooms.

ATTENTION! It is important to monitor the condition of the apartment and prevent the running process of dampening the walls.

The fight against an excess of dampness in an apartment or in an individual residential building cannot be postponed until later. It must be started immediately, as this is a rather laborious process, sometimes requiring financial costs.

If you accurately determine the cause and choose the right method to eliminate it, then you can forget about dampness for a long time.

A certain level of humidity is always present in the house: washing, cleaning the rooms, washing and even cooking. But you need to make sure that the humidity does not rise above the norm.

The presence of excess humidity in a private house is not only wet walls, moldy corners, an unpleasant smell and damaged furniture, but also violations of the functions of the respiratory system, allergic diseases and other medical problems. How to determine the optimal level of humidity in the house? This is done using a hygroscope. The optimal value of indoor air humidity for comfortable living is considered to be 40 - 60%. Exceeding this indicator is fraught with the appearance of problems, in the form of condensate, stale air and fungus.

Causes of dampness in a private house

There are not so many reasons for the appearance of dampness in the house; work to eliminate them is quite accessible to any owner.

Reason #1. Incorrect foundation waterproofing

This means that when laying the foundation, violations were made during the arrangement of horizontal waterproofing. Now the impact of groundwater leads to gray-green stripes under the plinth, damp and falling off the wallpaper at the bottom, corners covered with mold.

To change the situation, it is necessary to develop soil along the perimeter of the foundation and apply vertical waterproofing of the foundation walls. This will not be easy and not cheap, but there are no other technical processes that guarantee complete elimination of dampness.

Reason number 2. Basement waterproofing failures

This is usually caused by errors in basement waterproofing. Ground water, affecting the floor, walls and ceiling of the basement, leads to the formation of dampness in the rooms located above the basement. Moreover, underground water can flood the basement. Then, after pumping out the liquid, it will be necessary to carry out vertical waterproofing of the walls, as in the first case.

If there is no water in the basement, but only dampness, then coating and injection waterproofing will help here. Processing must be carried out on all surfaces of the basement.

Reason number 3. leaking roof

When it rains, it will be very easy to find the place of the leak. To fix the problem, it is necessary to restore the defects of the roof by making partial repairs in the area of leakage. This process does not require large material costs and can be done by hand.

Reason number 4. Lack of blind area

The blind area must be made according to certain rules: have a slope of 2-3 ° from the house, and the minimum width should be 70 cm. Otherwise, the completed area around the house will be a footpath and will not protect the house from water.

The base of the blind area is a layer of clay, then a layer of sand and gravel is poured, carefully compacted and poured with concrete mortar or paving slabs are laid. It is really possible to do such work with your own hands, and the cost of the necessary building materials will not hit the budget.

Reason number 5. Insufficient wall insulation

In this case, dampness occurs as a result of the rapid formation of condensate, due to temperature differences on the outer and inner side of the wall. You can get rid of this trouble as a result of work on the insulation of the facade of the house from the outside. The procedure takes time and money. You can perform insulation yourself or with the involvement of professionals.

Reason number 6. Deterioration of the drainage system

The failure of the gutter can also cause dampness in the house. Rainwater, flowing down the wall, will cause it to get wet, and this will serve as the basis for trouble. The drainage system requires constant monitoring, preventive cleaning and replacement of defective areas in case of damage. These works are within the power of the owner of the house, and the cost depends on the price of the drain used.

Reason number 7. Ventilation system

For comfortable living and ensuring standard humidity, any room must be ventilated. According to state standards, within an hour there should be a complete exchange of air in the room. Therefore, even when building a house, you need to pay attention to the ventilation system. If the house is not new, and got as a result of the purchase, in case of dampness, it is necessary to check the ventilation ducts.

If they are clogged, clean them. If these measures are not enough, then it is necessary to install additional ventilation ducts, check valves or replace the natural air exchange system with a forced-exhaust option. This is a serious procedure and can entail large material costs, so it is better to contact specialists.

Reason number 8. Plastic windows

Installing plastic double-glazed windows can result in a violation of air exchange, which will lead to the formation of condensate and other problems resulting from this. Therefore, when purchasing plastic windows, pay attention to the presence of a built-in ventilation valve, and during operation, do not forget to set them to the ventilation mode. These methods do not require material investments and are available to any inhabitant of the house.

Reason number 9. Insufficient heating

The inefficiency of the heating system will cause dampness in the house. To fix this problem, you need to contact the experts. The best solution would be to install a circulation pump, air vent valves in places of traffic jams or additional heating radiators. This is a time-consuming and expensive undertaking, so it is better to trust professionals.

Reason number 10. Source of dampness inside the house

It happens that doing household chores is associated with a large release of condensate in the form of steam. These are frequent washing, digestion, forced drying of things indoors, cooking, canning blanks for the winter. In order to prevent the appearance of dampness in the house, it is necessary to reduce the intensity and volume of the listed cases. This is in the competence of each hostess.

Why is the floor and wall damp in the house

Damp wall in the house

Dampness on the walls is a frequent occurrence, part of the wall, the whole wall or just the corner of the room can become damp.

Consequences of high moisture levels:

Wallpaper is peeling off;
Darken the walls;
A fungus appears
Heavy indoor air;
The temperature is dropping.

Of course, first you need to find out why dampness appeared, sometimes the reasons are immediately obvious and visible right away, sometimes you need to carry out prevention and look at the result.

Cause classification

Sometimes, to eliminate dampness, you just need to be attentive, constantly monitor the condition of the house and detect problems at the initial stage, when they are much easier to deal with.

Damp floor in the house

If the floor is damp, then most likely the problem is in the basement, poor waterproofing, lack of ventilation. That is, the reasons are almost the same as in the case of the wall.

In general, here you need to judge by the condition of the floor, or it can be dried and the problem will be solved by itself (you just had excessive humidity in the room) or you will need to completely change and re-lay the floor.

Be sure to take care of the waterproofing of the floor (cover it with a film), seal all the cracks in the basement (if it is under the house).

Perhaps the reason is a violation of the waterproofing of the foundation (in this case, you will have to dig out and look for a problem area and eliminate it).

In general, it is most difficult to begin work on identifying and finding the causes of dampness in the floor and walls.

Do not forget about mold and fungus, if during the inspection of the premises you find mold, you need to remove it and process this place so that it does not reappear.

Tailored for you:

A certain level of humidity is always present in the house: washing, cleaning the rooms, washing and even cooking. But you need to make sure that the humidity does not rise above the norm.

Causes of dampness in a private house

There are not so many reasons for the appearance of dampness in the house; work to eliminate them is quite accessible to any owner.

Reason #1. Incorrect foundation waterproofing

Reason number 2. Basement waterproofing failures

waterproofing a basement 4

If there is no water in the basement, but only dampness, then coating and injection waterproofing will help here. Processing must be carried out on all surfaces of the basement.

Reason number 3. leaking roof

Reason number 4. Lack of blind area

Reason number 5. Insufficient wall insulation

Reason number 6. Deterioration of the drainage system

Reason number 7. Ventilation system

Reason number 8. Plastic windows

Reason number 9. Insufficient heating

Reason number 10. Source of dampness inside the house

Why is the floor and wall damp in the house

Damp wall in the house

Dampness on the walls is a frequent occurrence, part of the wall, the whole wall or just the corner of the room can become damp.

Consequences of high moisture levels:

Wallpaper is peeling off;
Darken the walls;
A fungus appears
Heavy indoor air;
The temperature is dropping.

Of course, first you need to find out why dampness appeared, sometimes the reasons are immediately obvious and visible right away, sometimes you need to carry out prevention and look at the result.

Cause classification

Sometimes, to eliminate dampness, you just need to be attentive, constantly monitor the condition of the house and detect problems at the initial stage, when they are much easier to deal with.

Damp floor in the house

If the floor is damp, then most likely the problem is in the basement, poor waterproofing, lack of ventilation. That is, the reasons are almost the same as in the case of the wall.

Be sure to take care of the waterproofing of the floor (cover it with a film), seal all the cracks in the basement (if it is under the house).

Perhaps the reason is a violation of the waterproofing of the foundation (in this case, you will have to dig out and look for a problem area and eliminate it).

In general, it is most difficult to begin work on identifying and finding the causes of dampness in the floor and walls.

Do not forget about mold and fungus, if during the inspection of the premises you find mold, you need to remove it and process this place so that it does not reappear.

Tailored for you:

stroysvoy-dom.ru

Damp walls in a private house what to do?

Good afternoon! I ask you for advice!

Bought a private brick house in the village with steam heating. All windows are wooden.

The previous owner made a brick extension to the house (this is + a corridor + a room + a boiler room from where the heating starts.)

The gas boiler is of the old type but works properly. Everywhere around the house, pipes of the same diameter + d are welded in the middle between the top and bottom.

And in the room where 2 pipes are getting damp, they are 2 times smaller in diameter. The pipes are looped. That is, they come back.

I am not an expert, so I write as I know and deployed so that it is clear.

So the dining room (our problem).

At that moment, when we only looked at the house before buying, this room was simply whitewashed with lime, there is a wooden interior door, there is one wooden window.

We went through the primer penetrating into one layer and pasted washing wallpaper everywhere. Attaching photo.

In the next room I cook to eat (boiler room)

The doors began to close after I realized that the steam was condensing on the walls in the form of moisture.

Due to the fact that there is no hood, the door there is now swollen.

Now when we drown, it’s already hot everywhere, but not very much in that room (the walls don’t warm up normally, respectively)

We reduce the power of the boiler to save.

In total, at first the corner (which is on the street) turned black, then blackness appeared on the top under the tile, and now at the bottom.
The smell of damp.
Do not wash the wallpaper, they get wet and remain on a rag ...
Those walls suffer that they are friends with the street,
The other 2 are fine.

Help with decorating the walls

If you put a plastic window there, run gas there and cook there under the hood, and add a radiator under the window (IT IS BY THE WAY, ALWAYS DAMP AND WET AND ROT), then the situation will change?

Is it possible to tear everything off and paint it with a water-based emulsion with color (having previously primed it again?)

Send me an answer.

I will be very grateful. I apologize for the amount of text, I wanted to clarify everything.

www.masterovoi.ru

What to do if the wall in a private house gets damp?

All methods of “treatment” (correction of the situation) from the problem.

And the problems can be the following:

Leaks in the gutters of the drain, water does not flow down the gutters into the funnel, it flows down the wall, from which it becomes damp.

“Treatment” drain replacement or joint sealing.

Drainage gutters were not installed correctly (or the diameter is wrong), water partially gets into it, the rest is along the wall, repairs, alteration of the drainage system.

This can also be attributed to the wrong overhang of the roof.

The overhang is supposed to protect the walls from moisture, but it doesn't; it's a design error in the design of the roof.

Problems with the blind, whether it is not there, or it is not correct, or it is destroyed, the wall draws moisture from the ground.

Repair is the manufacture (arrangement) of the blind area around the perimeter of the house.

The house was built of blocks, blocks of cellular concrete, these blocks draw moisture like a sponge, the walls must be protected with a finish, otherwise it will become damp.

If it gets damp from the inside, then the “pie” when installing the insulation is not correct, the dew point is not there, or the insulation was not installed correctly, it got wet (for example, mineral wool).

They insulated the wall from the inside, and this was originally a “thermos” and high humidity, the walls will continue to dampen, it is necessary to redo the ventilation system and insulate the building from the outside, and not from the inside.

There are no air vents in the basement of the building, moisture rises from the bottom up and dampens everything, including the walls.

We installed windows with double-glazed windows, and PVC windows, they do not “breathe” (unlike wooden windows with double-glazed windows).

Poor natural ventilation in the room (for example, no or insufficient gaps between the doors and the floor + double-glazed windows = constant high humidity).

Repair, reinstallation of doors and ventilation of windows.

Doors do not need to be reinstalled, you can drill ventilation holes and close them with bars.

These are just some of the problems, the full list is much longer.

www.remotvet.ru

Why do the walls in a private house get damp and how to deal with it

A common problem for many residents of private houses is dampness, which forms on the walls and in the corners of houses. This can cause more serious problems. From banal mold and fungus to the destruction of part of the wall.

In order for this not to happen, it is necessary to notice the problem in time and begin to deal with it. And for a successful fight against such an unpleasant phenomenon, you need to correctly establish the cause.

Cause classification

In general, all the reasons for the formation of dampness on the walls can be divided into external and internal. It depends on which side of the house the problem is. An example of an external cause would be water entering through cracks in the walls during the rainy season.

Internal causes include those that are in the room. This may be poor ventilation of the house or its absence, the presence of fungus in finishing materials, insufficient heating of the premises.

This classification is rather arbitrary. In fact, there are various causes of dampness in the house. This is a kind of disease that has its own symptoms. Depending on the cause of the disease, the symptoms and methods of treatment differ.

Causes of dampness and methods of struggle

On closer examination, you can find a sufficient number of reasons for the dampness of the walls. The main one is the absence or improperly installed waterproofing between the wall and the foundation of the house. In addition, there are a number of other reasons.

The most common ones are listed below.

Walls getting wet during periods of heavy rains. The way to solve this problem is to lay a waterproofing layer between the basement and the foundation.

ground water. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to lay drainage in the ground.

Wrong drain from the roof. In this case, the solution to the problem is obvious. The existing drain needs to be repaired.

Roof destruction. As in the previous case, everything is clear. To solve the problem, it is necessary to eliminate malfunctions and holes in the roof.

Freezing walls in winter. Here the solution is the same as in one of the previous cases - to lay waterproofing.

Lack of blind area near the wall. In this case, the solution to the problem is to perform a blind area near the wall.

In the dry matter

The solution to the problem of dampness on the walls or in the corners of the house must be chosen based on the cause of this phenomenon. In any case, it should be remembered that a problem detected in time is already half the solution.

pocemu.ru

How to remove dampness on the walls: causes and troubleshooting

Regular tidying is necessary to create comfortable living conditions in the house. But maintaining cleanliness does not at all protect residents from the formation of dampness, and as a result, mold. We will tell you in detail about how to remove dampness on the walls on your own, and why mold fungi are dangerous for human health.

Reasons for education

Before you fight moisture, you need to find its source. Often dampness on the walls is the result of a combination of reasons. The most common of them:

Leaks - occur when the water supply system, sewer, roofing is damaged;
Poor ventilation;
Unusable waterproofing of floors and foundations;
A large number of house plants;
External factors - the proximity of the river, heavy rains, groundwater, etc.

However, the most important factor in high humidity is the person himself. Under normal conditions, an adult produces up to 2.5 liters of water vapor per day, including that during cooking, washing, water procedures, etc. Even a slight deviation from the norm, for example, when drying clothes in the bathroom, is fraught with consequences.

Solutions

Having found the cause of the formation of high humidity and eliminated it, you can begin to dry the room. Expensive methods such as the use of heat guns are only necessary to eliminate the effects of flooding or for very large rooms. In the conditions of an apartment or a private house, the following measures can quickly eliminate dampness on the walls:

Heater - the device provides air convection; even a small heater will cope with the task in 1-2 days;
Household dehumidifier - the power of the unit is determined by the size of the dwelling; to eliminate dampness on 50 m², a device with a power of 400 W is enough;
Silica gel is a substance that absorbs moisture and organic vapors from the air; for use in everyday life, it is admitted in the form of granules, they must be decomposed in a damp room; drying can take up to a week;

Finally, dampness is negatively affected by an increase in the temperature in the house. Using the heating system or the fireplace at full power, you can dry the walls relatively quickly. At the same time, the method is poorly suited for houses made of timber - due to direct exposure to high temperatures, wooden structures can crack.

Mold on the walls

The appearance of mold fungi in the house is possible if high humidity (70% or more) has existed for a long time. Of the huge variety of mold species in nature, only a few can appear in a human dwelling:

Black is the most dangerous variety. Belongs to the fourth group of pathogenicity. Especially often affects building structures.
White - rarely forms on the walls, only if there is condensation for weeks;
Blue - affects wooden walls, leads to rotting of the material from the inside, its cracking.

In addition to unaesthetic appearance, mold has a huge harm to human health. The reason for this is the saturation with mycotoxins that destroy any kind of living tissue. Entry into the body occurs both through direct contact and through the excretion of spores and their penetration into the respiratory system. If you do not remove dampness in the house on the walls before mold develops on them, the following diseases are possible:

Skin lesions - mycoses, dermatosis;
Respiratory tract infections - asthma, bronchitis, cough;
Disorders of the digestive system;
Exacerbation of chronic diseases - nervous system, musculoskeletal system.

The presence of mold is especially difficult for allergy sufferers and people with pulmonary insufficiency.

Solutions

Molds are difficult to remove. In all cases, the final coating will have to be completely removed - wallpaper, plaster, and with a large depth of damage and putty to the very base of the wall. An exception can only be a painted surface, since the mold hardly penetrates through the paint layer, but spreads more strongly over its area.

It is most reliable to remove mold and dampness in the house with the help of chemical compounds, some of which are easy to prepare at home:

Antiseptic primers - special products with a high content of fungicides; with their help, you can process the wall to a depth of 0.5 cm;
Household bleaches - any types containing sodium hypochlorite are suitable;
Hydrogen peroxide - 3% composition is used; due to the bleaching effect, it is not suitable for the treatment of painted surfaces;
Potassium permanganate - in everyday life it is found in the form of a solution of potassium permanganate; used as a mixture - 15 g per 1 liter of water;
Vinegar and citric acid are effective at the initial stage of mold development.

Even after the elimination of the fungus, the characteristic unpleasant odor remains in the room. A simple method to get rid of it is to treat the floors with a solution of baking soda. For its preparation, 15 g of the substance is dissolved in 100 ml of water.

The optimal microclimate in the house

Much depends on the microclimate inside the premises, including the health of the inhabitants. But the design of the house, the safety of walls, floors, and ceilings suffer no less from temperature and humidity.

To avoid costly repairs, it is important to maintain an optimal microclimate in the premises. Such for humidity - no more than 60% in the winter season and 65% in the summer. For air temperature – not less than 15°C. It is not difficult to notice a deviation from the norm, dampness is manifested by the following signs:

Condensation on glass and sections of walls articulated with the ceiling;
Characteristic "wet" smell;
Swelling of wooden structures; expressed, for example, in poorly covered doors;
Damp salt and sugar.

At the first sign of high humidity, do not hesitate. If you do not remove dampness from the walls in time, mold will soon form. It will take weeks to eliminate, and may result in the need for cosmetic repairs. "By eye" to determine the humidity above the norm is problematic, this will help a simple home appliance hygrometer.

Note that high humidity has a destructive effect not only on wooden structures, leading to their decay, but also on stone structures - brick, concrete. Soaked in water, they crumble, a process accelerated in regions with cold winters. Metal structures suffer a little less, but they are also susceptible to corrosion.

Prevention

So that residents do not have to worry about how to remove dampness on the walls, it is important to know effective ways to prevent its occurrence. It is enough to take a number of simple steps:

Ventilate the room for at least 10-15 minutes every day, creating a draft;
Dry clothes only on the balcony or on the street;
Equip the ventilation system in the kitchen;
Use air filters - models equipped with a non-filter are more preferable;
Install air conditioners in combination with fungicidal filters against mold fungi;
Do not abuse wet cleaning.

It is not so easy to remove the fungus from dampness on the walls. It often reappears from spores that have survived processing in the depths of the floor structure.

Ensuring your own health and the safety of your home is not so difficult. To do this, it is quite enough to follow the elementary rules for the care of the premises. And when mold appears, in no case should the problem be left to chance.

ventkam.ru

causes and remedies

Dampness in the house not only accelerates its destruction, but is also harmful to health: it causes allergies and other chronic diseases. Therefore, it is better not to give her a single chance than to deal with the consequences.

What should be the humidity

For humans, normal humidity is 40-60%. At higher humidity levels, there is a risk of developing chronic colds and skin diseases, and fungi that develop intensively in damp rooms cause bronchial asthma.

Due to dampness, condensation forms on the ceiling, walls and windows, wet spots, mold and unpleasant odors appear, furniture and equipment deteriorate. Wet structures of residential buildings quickly collapse: stone and concrete crumble, metal corrode, and wood rot. To prolong the life of the house, you need to protect it from the harmful effects of moisture by creating an effective waterproofing system.

Why does moisture form

Moisture enters the room both from the inside and outside. The main thing is to find its source. To protect the house from dampness, you need to periodically inspect it, paying attention to areas in which moisture can accumulate, as well as to possible places of its penetration.

We are talking about waterproofing the basement, the tightness of window and door frames, the junctions of pipes and antennas on the roof, the integrity of the roof and the drainage system.

Also, moisture in residential premises is formed as a result of human activity. Cooking, watering plants, washing clothes and taking a shower, we increase the humidity of the air. A family of 4 releases up to 10 liters of water every day in the form of steam.

If excess moisture is not removed through natural ventilation, the humidity regime in the house will be disturbed and fungal spores in the air will begin to multiply and create entire colonies in warm and poorly ventilated rooms. This process takes on an avalanche-like character if the humidity exceeds 70% and the temperature is 15°C.

Before you start fighting dampness, you need to determine the level of humidity in the room. To do this, you can purchase a hygrometer - a device that shows the percentage of humidity. If the device shows an increased moisture content, it is necessary to proceed to the next step - identifying the source and eliminating the problem. There can be several reasons for the appearance of moisture in the house.

Poor foundation waterproofing

Groundwater can rise to a height of up to 1.5 m. In this case, the horizontal waterproofing of the foundation serves as an obstacle. If there is no such waterproofing, soil moisture penetrates the walls of the building. Its traces can be seen above the baseboard inside the house, on damaged wallpaper and crumbling plaster at the bottom of the wall, in damp and moldy corners.

To avoid the consequences of poor waterproofing of the foundation, it is necessary to provide additional waterproofing or create it from scratch if it was not taken care of during construction. When building a house without a basement, horizontal waterproofing is usually placed on top of the foundation plinth, which protects the walls from capillary moisture penetration. If this is not done in a timely manner, you will have to dig a trench around the house, clean the walls of dirt and make vertical waterproofing of the foundation (roll or coating).

Poor basement waterproofing

Poor basement waterproofing can lead not only to wet walls, but also to basement flooding. Usually its walls are made of concrete or brick, and they are combined with a strip foundation. Groundwater, in contact with the surface of the walls, which have a porous structure, penetrates inside and becomes a source of dampness and mold both in the basement and in the rooms above it.

To eliminate these phenomena, it is necessary to waterproof the floor, ceiling and walls of the basement, having previously cleaned them of fungus and mold and disinfected them with a special solution that prevents the appearance of organic deposits, and wipe the seams with cement mortar.

If there are frank leaks in the walls, they must be eliminated by applying quick-hardening compounds, or perform injection waterproofing. For further processing of walls and ceilings, it is necessary to use anti-salt barriers, penetrating (penetrating) impregnations and water repellents related to coating repair materials.

To make re-waterproofing from the outside, you will have to dig out the backfill of the foundation. From the side penetration of moisture, the walls of the basement, both outside and inside, are isolated with two layers of hot bitumen or cold bitumen mastic. In addition to coating outside, rolled waterproofing materials (roofing material, polymer membranes) are used, laying them from the bottom up on heated resin or bitumen with an overlap of 15 cm. It is also possible to protect rooms buried in the ground from groundwater using drainage.

Having processed the walls, proceed to the basement floor. A clay castle is arranged over the entire area, tamped down and covered with a layer of sand or gravel, after which cement mortar is applied and ironed. In the future, ceramic tiles can be laid on a waterproof adhesive. Paint waterproofing is used for the ceiling, and, if necessary, it is insulated.

Wrong blind area around the house

Due to the improper arrangement of the blind area, part of the precipitation and household water from the personal plot penetrate into the basement. The only way to solve the problem once and for all is to redo the blind area. It should have a slope from the house of 2-3o and a standard width of 70-80 cm, but in any case be 20 cm wider than the overhang of the eaves so that water flowing from the roof does not erode the soil near the building.

After backfilling the pockets of the foundation, clay is placed on top of the base of the blind area so that moisture from the surface of the earth does not reach the walls of the foundation. A layer of clay is covered with gravel and sand, rammed, and then covered with paving slabs or poured with cement mortar. If the basement is insulated, the blind area must also be insulated. In this case, extruded polystyrene foam is placed under the plates around the entire perimeter of the house.

Violation of the drainage system

The main reason for this phenomenon is clogging or destruction of the downpipe or gutter. In this case, rainwater hits the walls and they get wet.

To protect walls from moisture, cement-based plasters, mastics, waterproof mineral mixtures and water repellents are used. The latter significantly reduce the consumption of paints and varnishes and impregnating materials, and the coatings formed by water-based paints are given water-repellent properties. In addition to water repellents, bituminous waterproofing plasters are widely used, which protect against the harmful effects of water, and vapor-permeable plasters, which help to avoid dampness on load-bearing walls.

Special "drying" plasters are also used. Evaporation occurs inside the plaster layer, and the surface remains dry. In addition, the precipitation of salts does not spoil the appearance of the coating and does not destroy the plaster. You can protect the facade of the house and waterproof finishing materials: vinyl siding, stone tiles, PVC hinged panels. At the same time, it is important that there is a ventilation gap between the finish and the load-bearing wall.

Insufficient or improper insulation of walls and violation of the integrity of the roof

Due to the difference between the external and internal temperatures, condensation appears on the wall surface. Getting rid of condensation on the walls is simple: you need to insulate the building from the outside. This will increase the thickness of the walls, and the dew point will shift inside the structure. With sufficient thermal protection, condensation in conditions of high humidity, as a rule, does not form. This is only possible if it heats up quickly or if the heating is not turned on in time.

High humidity can also be observed with improper insulation, when water vapor cannot be brought out. This means that they accumulate indoors and in the structure of the building. In addition, the leaking roof causes the walls and ceilings of the house to get wet.

As for the roof, its leaking sections should be repaired by replacing damaged elements with intact ones, installing a patch (for metal roofs), and also by treating them with coating waterproofing materials.

When insulating walls, you need to follow the technology and sequence of work, and not replace one material with another. The sequence of laying materials is subject to the principle: the vapor permeability of the layers must increase from the inside out. Then the moisture will be able to get out freely, without accumulating in the room.

Insufficient or incorrect ventilation

As a result of insufficient ventilation, stale air, excessive humidity and condensation appear, resulting in damp corners, damp walls and misted windows. Ventilation is so important that its quantitative characteristics have the force of law and are prescribed in Building Regulations and Rules (SNiP). Every hour a person needs at least 30 m3 of fresh air.

High-quality ventilation is the key to a comfortable stay. But since the use of sealed double-glazed windows and monolithic concrete began to be used in construction, the house has become like a vessel that does not allow air to pass through. Therefore, it is necessary to check the patency of ventilation shafts and regularly ventilate the premises in order to get rid of humidity, tobacco smoke, and harmful substances emitted by furniture, finishing materials and cleaning products. The best way to ventilate is a draft, in which after 5-10 minutes the air in the room changes completely. And to create an optimal microclimate in the bathroom, in the kitchen, in the bathroom, gym and laundry room, forced ventilation will help.

The supply air will be provided by door ventilators located at the bottom, and the exhaust will be created by a fan built into the exhaust opening, the operation of which can be synchronized with turning on the light or opening the door.

Incorrect installation of double-glazed windows, installation of sealed double-glazed windows or poor-quality seals

These are the reasons for poor ventilation of rooms, misted windows, wet window sills and wall sections under them, as well as damp slopes.

When installing metal-plastic windows, it is necessary to choose those that have ventilation valves that close in strong winds and open in calm weather. If they are not in the installed windows, you can mount them in the upper part of the profile. In addition, you need to ventilate the premises twice a day for 10 minutes. When installing the window sill and filling the depth of its attachment with mounting foam, insulate the frame junction from the warm air inside the room so that heat does not penetrate into the cold zone of the window and condensation does not accumulate under the window sill. Check the integrity and elasticity of window seals, which provide the window with tightness. If you find a defect, replace them with new ones.

In addition, the increased humidity in the house creates improper operation of the premises. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that too much water vapor from the kitchen and bathroom does not enter the living rooms. Do not dry wet things in rooms and store liquids in open containers. And in autumn and winter, the premises need to be regularly heated, maintaining a constant temperature in them.

There are many ways to protect your home from high humidity, but to maximize the effect, use them in combination.

Why does moisture form

We are talking about waterproofing the basement, the tightness of window and door frames, the junctions of pipes and antennas on the roof, the integrity of the roof and the drainage system.

Poor foundation waterproofing

Poor basement waterproofing

Wrong blind area around the house

Due to the improper arrangement of the blind area, part of the precipitation and household water from the personal plot penetrate into the basement. The only way to solve the problem once and for all is to redo the blind area. It should have a slope from the house of 2-3o and a standard width of 70-80 cm, but in any case be 20 cm wider than the overhang of the cornice so that water flowing from the roof does not erode the soil near the building.

Violation of the drainage system

The main reason for this phenomenon is the clogging or destruction of the downpipe or gutter. In this case, rainwater hits the walls and they get wet.

Insufficient or improper insulation of walls and violation of the integrity of the roof

Insufficient or incorrect ventilation

Insufficient ventilation results in stale air, excessive humidity and condensation, resulting in damp corners, damp walls and misted windows. Ventilation is so important that its quantitative characteristics have the force of law and are prescribed in Building Regulations and Rules (SNiP). Every hour a person needs at least 30 m3 of fresh air.

Incorrect installation of double-glazed windows, installation of sealed double-glazed windows or poor-quality seals

These are the reasons for poor ventilation of rooms, misted windows, wet window sills and wall sections under them, as well as damp slopes.

There are many ways to protect your home from high humidity, but to maximize the effect, use them in combination.

Categories

Popular