How to make a lamp from LEDs. How to make a LED lamp with a battery with your own hands: a homemade LED table lamp for a desktop with a dimmer. DIY LED lamps

With the rising cost of electricity, many are thinking about buying LED light sources, which bring tangible savings and are excellent substitutes for natural lighting. However, today not many people can afford an LED lamp, because their cost is still quite high. Therefore, thanks to craftsmen, in this article we will consider how you can make a lighting device from LEDs with your own hands.

What is an LED lamp?

LEDs are semiconductor electronic devices that emit light as a result of the passage of an electric current. Appearing 15 years ago, home appliances literally immediately conquered the market for light sources. Today you can buy LED lamps of any shape, size, power and color. But you can also make them yourself, which even an inexperienced radio amateur can do. The simplest LED devices can operate at a voltage of 3-5 V, i.e. from a conventional battery. However, its power is only enough to illuminate with a flashlight, so below we will look at how to make more serious designs that allow you to illuminate rooms.

lighting fixture

The composition and principle of operation of the lamp

Before proceeding with the manufacture of an LED lamp with your own hands, consider its design and principle of operation.
A diode is a semiconductor device that passes current through a p-n junction in only one direction. As a result of the release of energy during the recombination of electrons and holes, photons are emitted with the release of light and thermal energy.

Heat dissipation in the LED device is an important task when assembling the lamp, because high temperature leads to degradation and failure of the LED. Therefore, the presence of a radiator is a prerequisite for assembling any LED lamp.

The simplest radiator is an aluminum substrate on which the LEDs are located, however, such heat dissipation will not be enough if the device is assembled on 3 or more semiconductors. In such lamps, special metal radiators are installed. In indoor appliances, it is replaced by a light bulb housing.
In addition to the heatsink, the LED product has a reflector and diffuser that can replace a metallized reflector, and a lens.
Typically, LEDs are produced as a ready-made assembly, but in order for the bright light of the device not to irritate the eyes, a matte bulb is used, which covers the lamp body.

Light bulb device

Lamp Assembly

The circuit of the simplest lamp operating from a 220 V network consists of two 12 kΩ resistors and two LEDs installed in parallel. The scheme is relevant for an even number of LED devices.
For odd, there must be a driver in the circuit that stabilizes the output current and voltage. It is best to purchase a ready-made driver, which is selected for the LED device. In addition, the driver can also be made by hand using a rectifier bridge, capacitors and ordinary diodes, which in the assembly convert the mains voltage into a voltage of a given frequency and value. Resistors in such a circuit act as a current limiter.

As can be seen from the above, an LED device can be assembled by anyone who at least once in his life held a soldering iron in his hands and knows how to use the Internet, where there are many examples of standard and non-standard schemes and solutions for assembling an LED lamp.

Lamp scheme

Luminaires in the housing

LED Strip Light

The simplest lamp can be made by hand using an LED strip, which is enough to fix on any flat surface with double-sided tape. For greater reliability and expanding the functionality of the device, it is convenient to place the LED strip in a housing from an idle fluorescent lamp, the length of which does not exceed 30 cm.
Such a lamp is adjusted at a height of not more than 80 cm above a desk, kitchen surface, aquarium, or used for decorative lighting. The light of the lamp is perfectly diffused and does not tire the eyesight.

Application of the lamp

The following types of tapes are suitable for the manufacture of LED lamps:

SMD 3528 (60 (4.8 W); 120 (7.2 W); 240 (16 W) LEDs per 1 meter);
SMD 5050 (30 (7.2W); 60 (14W); 120 (25W).

LED Density

Density and arrangement of LEDs on SMD 3528 and SMD 5050 tapes

The best choice would be the SMD 5050 LED strip, the parameters of which correspond to the following values:

radiation angle - 120 degrees;
supply voltage - 12 V;
current - 1.2 A / m

The LED strip with adhesive tape must be glued to the inside of the case. For work, you can buy a power supply or assemble it yourself using the diagram below. The advantage of a self-assembled power supply is that it is possible to hide it in the lamp housing. Purchased - you will have to "attach" next to the device. In any case, the assembled structure will look neat and work economically, perfectly illuminating the desktop.

Electrical diagram of the power supply

An important point during installation is the high-quality insulation of all conductive parts.

A do-it-yourself lamp based on an LED strip does not differ in its parameters from a purchased option. At the same time, its cost is much lower than the cost of the finished product.

LED lamps on various bases

LED light

An economical version of the LED lamp can be made with your own hands on the basis of a burned-out lamp. To do this, it is necessary to carefully disassemble the burned-out lamp without damaging the base and clean and degrease it.
In the base we place a 100 Ohm protective resistor and two 220 nF capacitors, the operating voltage of which is 400 V, a 10 microfarad capacitor responsible for the absence of flicker, a rectifier (diode bridge) and LEDs in a ratio of 1 (red glow) to 3 (white ). We connect the components of the circuit by soldering and isolate with mounting glue, filling the entire space of the base between the parts of the circuit and fixing them.

In addition to a conventional lamp, a halogen lamp is used to create an LED lamp with your own hands.

Halogen lamp

To assemble a lamp on a halogen lamp, the following components are required:

assembly diagram, which you can make yourself or take from the Internet;
LEDs;
non-working halogen lamp;
quick-drying glue;
copper wire;
soldering iron and solder;
aluminum substrate 0.2 mm thick, which will replace the radiator;
resistors;
hole puncher.

Assembly

The assembly process takes place in the following sequence:

We clean the halogen lamp from all components and putties.
We take it out of the reflector.
We prepare a reflector disk on which the LEDs will be located. We stick the disk on an aluminum substrate (you can get a disk template on the Internet) and make holes in it.
According to the diagram, we place the LEDs on the disk with their legs up, taking into account their polarity. We roll a little glue between them, avoiding contact with the contacts.
We solder the contacts of the LEDs so that the chain starts with positive polarity (“+”) and ends with negative (“-”).
We connect the positive contacts together by soldering.
By soldering, we attach resistors to the negative contacts and connect their contacts to each other with solder, getting negatively charged resistors.
We also connect the contacts of the resistors to each other and solder copper wires to them. To avoid a short circuit, fill the space between the contacts and wires with glue.
We glue the disk and the halogen reflector together.
After polymerization of the adhesive, a 12 V power supply can be connected.

Energy saving lamp

After the energy-saving lamp has served its time and burned out, hand-made craftsmen recommend not throwing it away, but using the device to create an LED lighting fixture. This can be done if the lamp has a working electronic ballast (EB) and a whole housing with a base, which will become the basis of a new product.
To complete the package, you need to purchase 5 mm LEDs and 4 ultra-fast UF4007 diodes.
The essence of creating an energy-saving LED lamp is to install a rectifier bridge at the EB output, which will allow you to get a constant voltage of 100 V at a current of 130 mA.
To reduce the frequency of the alternating voltage at the output of the EB, we will assemble a rectifier bridge from UF4007 diodes, to the output of which we solder a 0.1 μF capacitor operating at a voltage of 400 V. We install the diode bridge in place of the capacitor C3 (see typical diagram of the EB lamp) connecting the threads incandescent lamp, which is then connected to each other.

Electrical diagram of the EB lamp

Separately, we assemble a serial circuit of 30 LED devices, the current consumption of which is 20 mA, and check its operation.
With a constant voltage of 100 V and a current of 130 mA, you can assemble 5 chains of LED diodes of 30 pieces each and get a lamp with a power of 15 watts.

As you can see from the above, you can make an LED lamp with your own hands, not only soldering the circuit, but also using various devices - LED strip and lamps of various types.

Secrets of choosing halogen chandeliers with a remote control

Consider how to make an LED lamp with your own hands. The main materials and elements for self-manufacturing of LED lamps are presented:

output type LEDs;
power supply in the form of a current driver without a housing with galvanic isolation;
aluminum, heat-dissipating radiator in the form of a U-shaped construction profile;
thermally conductive double-sided tape.

It is advisable to use a metal structure as a case, since semiconductors represented by diodes can heat up significantly under the influence of electric current.

It is best to use a 12W LED diode driver with an input voltage level of 100-240V and an output voltage of 18-46V for manufacturing.

The main stages of self-manufacturing of LED lamps with their own hands are as follows:

insert a resistor and a pair of capacitors into the base;
solder a small rectifier;
treat the surface;
create an insulating layer using a polymer tube;
inspect the LED contacts and check their performance;
assemble the structure by soldering the boards to the capacitor;
perform final insulation with adhesive;
check the connection of the diodes;
solder the capacitor and resistor.

At the final stage, adhesive insulation of all contacts is carried out. A fully ready-to-use lighting structure can be left in its original state or covered with a lampshade, which will significantly soften the glow of the lamp.

To independently create a powerful diode lamp based on several dozen LEDs at once, you will need to perform the activities presented:

determining the number of diodes;
determination of rated power;
connecting LEDs to the negative terminal of the diode bridge;
soldering all diodes "plus to minus";
connecting all groups with wires;
adding a diode bridge.

The plus terminal is connected to the positive wire on the first group, and the negative terminal is connected to the common wire on the last diode of the group. Then the base part is prepared, and the wires are soldered to the AC voltage inputs of the diode bridge.

LEDs: purpose, device and principle of operation
Assembly of luminaires in a housing with LED strips
Luminaires from energy-saving lamps
Video

In modern conditions, the cost of electricity is constantly increasing, so LED light sources are becoming increasingly popular among consumers. They perfectly replace natural light and save money. However, a significant disadvantage of these lighting devices is their high cost.

The popularity of LED lamps is so high that the masters have not bypassed it with their attention. On the Internet today you can find a huge number of schemes with which you can answer the question of how to make an LED lamp with your own hands? And as practice has shown, the easiest option of all is to use an LED strip in the lamp.

Of course, the tape is most often used for decorative lighting, but if you correctly calculate the brightness of the lighting and the number of LEDs, then you can make a good lamp for zone lighting from it. For example, for the desktop. Therefore, we consider one of the options, which seemed to us not very difficult.

Do-it-yourself LED lamp scheme

To do this, you will need a faulty fluorescent lamp. As practice shows, the electronic control gear most often fails, and in short the electronic ballast. So all the time to change the electronic ballast to a new one - you won’t get money. Therefore, it is easy to make a lamp on an LED strip from this light source.

Four types of LED devices

LEDs are semiconductor electronic devices that emit light as a result of the passage of an electric current. Appearing 15 years ago, home appliances literally immediately conquered the market for light sources. Today you can buy LED lamps of any shape, size, power and color. But you can also make them yourself, which even an inexperienced radio amateur can do.

Before proceeding with the manufacture of an LED lamp with our own hands, we will consider its design and principle of operation. A diode is a semiconductor device that passes current through a p-n junction in only one direction. As a result of the release of energy during the recombination of electrons and holes, photons are emitted with the release of light and thermal energy.

An economical version of the LED lamp can be made with your own hands on the basis of a burned-out lamp. To do this, it is necessary to carefully disassemble the burned-out lamp without damaging the base and clean and degrease it. In the base we place a 100 Ohm protective resistor and two 220 nF capacitors, the operating voltage of which is 400 V, a 10 microfarad capacitor responsible for the absence of flicker , rectifier (diode bridge) and LEDs in a ratio of 1 (red glow) to 3 (white). We connect the components of the circuit by soldering and isolate with mounting glue, filling the entire space of the base between the parts of the circuit and fixing them.

In addition to a conventional lamp, a halogen lamp is used to create an LED lamp with your own hands.

Halogen lamp

To assemble a lamp on a halogen lamp, the following components are required:

assembly diagram, which you can make yourself or take from the Internet;
LEDs;
non-working halogen lamp;
quick-drying glue;
copper wire;
soldering iron and solder;
aluminum substrate 0.2 mm thick, which will replace the radiator;
resistors;
hole puncher.

We will analyze step by step the creation of a 220 V light source from an LED strip. To decide to use the innovation in the kitchen, it is enough to remember that self-assembled LED lamps are significantly more profitable than fluorescent counterparts. They live 10 times longer and consume 2-3 times less energy at the same light level.

For construction, you will need two burned-out fluorescent lamps half a meter long and 13 watts. There is no point in buying new ones, it is better to find old and non-working ones, but not broken and without cracks.
Next, we go to the store and buy an LED strip. The choice is large, so approach the purchase responsibly. It is advisable to buy tapes with pure white or natural light, it does not change the shades of surrounding objects. In such tapes, LEDs are assembled in groups of 3 pieces. The voltage of one group is 12 volts, and the power is 14 watts per meter tape.
Then you need to disassemble the fluorescent lamps into their component parts. Carefully! Do not damage the wires, and do not break the tube, otherwise the toxic fumes will escape and you will have to clean up, as after a broken mercury thermometer. Do not throw away the extracted insides, they will come in handy in the future.
Below is a diagram of the LED strip we bought. In it, LEDs are connected in parallel, 3 pieces in a group. Please note that this scheme does not suit us.
Below is a diagram of the LED strip we bought. In it, LEDs are connected in parallel, 3 pieces in a group. Please note that this scheme does not suit us.
Therefore, you need to cut the tape into sections of 3 diodes each and get expensive and useless converters. It is more convenient to cut the tape with wire cutters or large and strong scissors. After soldering the wires, the diagram below should be obtained.
The result should be 66 LEDs or 22 groups of 3 LEDs each, connected in parallel along the entire length. The calculations are simple. Since we need to convert alternating current to direct current, the standard voltage of 220 volts in the electrical network must be increased to 250. The need to "throw" the voltage is associated with the rectification process.
To find out the number of sections of LEDs, you need to divide 250 Volts by 12 Volts (voltage for one group of 3 pieces). As a result, we get 20.8 (3), rounding up, we get 21 groups. Here it is desirable to add another group, since the total number of LEDs will have to be divided into 2 lamps, and this requires an even number. In addition, by adding another section, we will make the overall scheme safer.
We will need a DC rectifier, which is why you can not throw away the removed insides of a fluorescent lamp. To do this, we take out the converter, with the help of wire cutters we remove the capacitor from the common circuit. It is quite simple to do this, since it is located separately from the diodes, it is enough to break off the board.
The diagram shows what should happen in the end, in more detail.
The diagram shows what should happen in the end, in more detail.
Next, using soldering and superglue, you need to assemble the entire structure. Don't even try to fit all 22 sections into one fixture. It was said above that you need to specifically find 2 half-meter lamps, since it is simply impossible to place all the LEDs in one. Also, you do not need to rely on a self-adhesive layer on the back of the tape. It will not last long, so the LEDs need to be fixed with superglue or liquid nails.

Let's summarize and find out the advantages of the assembled product:

The amount of light from the resulting LED lamps is 1.5 times greater than that of fluorescent counterparts.
The power consumption is much less than that of fluorescent lamps.
The assembled light source will serve 5–10 times longer.
Finally, the last advantage is the directivity of the light. It does not scatter and is directed strictly downwards, thanks to which it is used at the desktop or in the kitchen.

Of course, the emitted light is not very bright, but the main advantage is the low power consumption of the lamp. Even if you turn it on and never turn it off, it will consume only 4 kW of energy in a year. At the same time, the cost of electricity consumed per year is comparable to the cost of a ticket in a city bus. Therefore, it is especially effective to use such light sources where constant illumination is required (corridor, street, utility room).

Let's take a look at another way to create an LED lamp. A chandelier or table lamp needs a standard E14 or E27 base. Accordingly, the circuit and the diodes used will be different. Compact fluorescent lamps are now widely used. We need one burned out cartridge, we will also change the general list of materials for assembly.

You will need:

burnt base E27;
RLD2-1 driver;
NK6 LEDs;
a piece of cardboard, but plastic is better;
Super glue;
electrical wiring;
as well as scissors, soldering iron, pliers and other tools.

Let's start creating a homemade lamp:

First you need to disassemble the old lamp. In compact fluorescent lamps, the base is attached to the plate with tubes using latches. If you find places with latches and pry them with a screwdriver, then the base will detach quite simply. When disassembling, be careful not to damage the tubes. If they burst, then the poisonous substances contained in them will get out. When opening, make sure that the wiring leading to the base remains intact. Also, do not throw away the contents of the plinth.
From the upper part with gas discharge tubes, you need to make a plate to which the LEDs will be attached. To do this, disconnect the bulb tubes. The rest of the plate has 6 holes. In order for the LEDs to be securely fastened in it, you need to make a plastic or cardboard “bottom”, which will also isolate the LEDs. We will use NK6 LEDs (photo below). Their advantage is that they are multi-chip (6 crystals per diode) with parallel connection. Because of this, the light source turns out to be quite bright at minimum power.
We will use NK6 LEDs (photo below). Their advantage is that they are multi-chip (6 crystals per diode) with parallel connection. Because of this, the light source turns out to be quite bright at minimum power.
In the cover we make 2 holes for each LED. Pierce holes carefully and evenly so that their location and intended pattern match each other. Using a piece of plastic as the “bottom” will hold the LEDs quite firmly, but if using a piece of cardboard, you will need to glue the base to the LEDs with superglue or liquid nails.
Since the light bulb will be used on a 220 volt network, you will need the RLD2-1 driver. 3 one-watt diodes can be connected to it. We have 6 LEDs with a power of 0.5 watts each. Therefore, the connection diagram will consist of two series-connected parts, each part has 3 LEDs connected in parallel. Above is a diagram, but in reality the whole structure looks like this:
Above is a diagram, but in reality the whole structure looks like this:
Before assembling, you need to isolate the driver and the board from each other with a piece of cardboard or plastic. This will avoid a short circuit in the future. You should not worry about overheating, the lamp practically does not heat up.
It remains to assemble the design and test it in action.

The luminous flux of the assembled lamp is 100–120 lumens. Pure white light makes the bulb appear significantly brighter. This is enough to illuminate a small room (corridor, utility room). The main advantage of the LED light source is low power consumption and power - only 3 watts. Which is 10 times less than incandescent lamps and 2-3 times less than fluorescent ones. It works from a conventional cartridge powered by 220 volts.

Lamp Assembly

The circuit of the simplest lamp operating from a 220 V network consists of two 12 kΩ resistors and two LEDs installed in parallel. The circuit is relevant for an even number of LED devices. For an odd number, a driver must be present in the circuit to stabilize the output current and voltage.

It is best to purchase a ready-made driver, which is selected for the LED device. In addition, the driver can also be made by hand using a rectifier bridge, capacitors and ordinary diodes, which in the assembly convert the mains voltage into a voltage of a given frequency and value. Resistors in such a circuit act as a current limiter.

The following types of tapes are suitable for the manufacture of LED lamps:

SMD 3528 (60 (4.8 W); 120 (7.2 W); 240 (16 W) LEDs per 1 meter);
SMD 5050 (30 (7.2W); 60 (14W); 120 (25W).

Density and arrangement of LEDs on SMD 3528 and SMD 5050 tapes

The best choice would be the SMD 5050 LED strip, the parameters of which correspond to the following values:

radiation angle - 120 degrees;
supply voltage - 12 V;
current - 1.2 A / m

The LED strip with adhesive tape must be glued to the inside of the case. For work, you can buy a power supply or assemble it yourself using the diagram below. The advantage of a self-assembled power supply is that it is possible to hide it in the lamp housing.

A do-it-yourself lamp based on an LED strip does not differ in its parameters from a purchased option. At the same time, its cost is much lower than the cost of the finished product.

We clean the halogen lamp from all components and putties.
We take it out of the reflector.
We prepare a reflector disk on which the LEDs will be located. We stick the disk on an aluminum substrate (you can get a disk template on the Internet) and make holes in it.
According to the diagram, we place the LEDs on the disk with their legs up, taking into account their polarity. We roll a little glue between them, avoiding contact with the contacts.
We solder the contacts of the LEDs so that the chain starts with positive polarity ("") and ends with negative ("-").
We connect the positive contacts together by soldering.
By soldering, we attach resistors to the negative contacts and connect their contacts to each other with solder, getting negatively charged resistors.
We also connect the contacts of the resistors to each other and solder copper wires to them. To avoid a short circuit, fill the space between the contacts and wires with glue.
We glue the disk and the halogen reflector together.
After polymerization of the adhesive, a 12 V power supply can be connected.

There are a lot of ways to create a lamp with your own hands. The most common methods are using an old base from a burnt out fluorescent lamp. Everyone in the house will find such a resource, so there will be no problems with the search. In addition, you will need:

Base from a burnt product.
Directly LED. They are sold as LED strips or individual HK6 LEDs. Each element has a current strength of approximately 100–120 mA and a voltage of approximately 3–3.3 Volts.
You will need a diode bridge or 1N4007 rectifier diodes.
You need a fuse, which can be found in the base of a blown lamp.
Capacitor. Its capacity, voltage and other parameters are selected depending on the electrical circuit for the assembly and the number of LEDs in it.
In most cases, you will need a frame on which the LEDs will be attached. The frame can be made of plastic or similar material. The main requirement is that it should not be metallic, conductive and should be heat resistant.
To securely attach the LEDs to the frame, you will need superglue or liquid nails (the latter is preferable).

One or two elements from the above list may not be useful in some schemes, in other cases, on the contrary, new chain links (drivers, electrolytes) may be added. Therefore, the list of necessary materials must be compiled in each case individually.

If an odd number of LEDs is used, a driver must be included in the circuit to stabilize the output current and voltage. It is recommended to purchase a ready-made product adapted to a specific lamp. Self-assembly of the driver is carried out using a rectifier bridge, capacitors and ordinary diodes used to convert the mains voltage into a voltage with the desired value and frequency. The role of the resistors in this circuit is to limit the current.

One of the simplest lamp options is an LED strip, which is attached to any flat surface with double-sided tape. Non-working lamps can serve as the basis, provided that their dimensions match the dimensions of the tape. When all the preparatory work is done, you can start making LED lamps with your own hands.

After fastening, the entire working part is connected to the power supply, which you can buy ready-made or assemble it yourself. In the latter case, the assembled unit can be placed inside the luminaire housing, while the finished power supply unit is installed only next to the luminaire. In both cases, the assembled lighting device will be neat and economical, providing normal illumination of the work surface. During assembly, special attention should be paid to the quality of the insulation of all conductive parts.

First, it should be noted that the LED strip is, in fact, a flexible type of plateau on which LEDs and resistors (current limiting) are installed.
Secondly, pay attention to its technical characteristics, especially the brightness of the diodes. Best option: 780-900 Lm/m.
Thirdly, it is not a problem to adjust the tape itself to the size of the lamp. It is cut along the sections that are indicated on it. You can't cut anywhere else.
Fourthly, an adhesive layer is applied on the reverse side of the tape, so it will be easy to fix it on the surface of the lamp.

Place to cut the LED strip

First of all, it is necessary to remove the electronic ballast plateau from the luminaire. Then segments of the LED strip are glued onto it. In this case, the number of rows to be glued can be different, for example, six rows of three diodes each with a transverse installation. Installation variations can be different, the main thing is to accurately observe the power of the required glow.

Power Supply

It is necessary to dwell on this element of the new lamp in more detail, because the LED strip on the power supply of the fluorescent lamp will not work. The thing is that the LED strip requires voltage and current stabilization. If this is not done, then the diodes will overheat, and eventually just burn out.

In our case, the best option is a power supply without a transformer, but with a ballast capacitor. Here is the diagram of the power supply from below.

Power supply with ballast capacitor

In this circuit, C1 is the same ballast capacitor that dampens the mains voltage of 220 volts. After it, the current is supplied to the diode rectifier VD1-VD4. After that, a constant voltage is applied to filter C2. In order for the capacitors to discharge quickly, two resistors R2 for C1, R3 for C2 are installed in the circuit.

The most important element in this electrical network is the capacitor C1. Here it is important to accurately select it according to the required capacity parameters. Do not use complex formulas for this. Just find a calculator on the Internet with which you can accurately calculate. True, this will require one introductory information: the current strength on the segment of the LED strip. This is usually indicated in the product passport.

But keep in mind that the accompanying documents indicate the maximum current parameter, so you should not take it as the main one. For example, a current of 150 mA will be normal for a new lamp 30 cm long. In this case, the LEDs will not heat up, and the brightness of the glow will be sufficient.

Power supply for LED strip

Try to enter our data into the calculator, you will get a capacitance indicator of 2.08 microfarads. We round it up to the standard - 2.2 microfarads, which will withstand voltages up to 400 volts.

Attention! The power supply assembled according to this scheme is transformerless. Therefore, the entire circuit must be installed in a special housing that does not allow electric current to pass through, for example, in a plastic one. In addition, it is recommended to strictly adhere to all safety regulations. It is impossible to come into contact during the operation of the lamp with the current-carrying parts of the unit.

Constantly failing electronic ballasts do not need to be thrown away. It needs to be checked for correctness. It is important here that the diode bridge is intact, all other details can be removed.

Bases of incandescent lamps.
Housings from burnt out energy-saving or halogen lamps.
Handmade fixtures.

Burnt-out LED lamp

The old burnt-out appliance is carefully disassembled so that the base remains intact. After that, it must be cleaned and degreased. The circuit, placed inside the base, consists of two protective resistors of 100 ohms, two capacitors of 220 nF each and an operating voltage of 400 volts, one 10 microfarad capacitor that neutralizes flicker.

Advantages of a homemade lamp

In the store you can find many types of lamps. Each type has its own disadvantage and advantage. Incandescent lamps are gradually losing ground due to high energy consumption, low light output, despite a high color rendering index. Compared to them, fluorescent light sources are a real miracle.

But fluorescent lamps also have disadvantages. They quickly fail due to frequent switching on and off, moreover, the vapors contained in the tubes are poisonous, and the design itself requires special disposal. Compared to them, the light-emitting diode (LED) lamp is the second revolution in lighting. They are even more economical, do not require special disposal and last 5-10 times longer.

LED lamps have one, but a significant drawback - they are the most expensive. To reduce this minus to a minimum or turn it into a plus, you will need to build it from an LED strip with your own hands. At the same time, the cost of the light source becomes lower than that of luminescent counterparts.

Homemade LED lamp has several advantages:

the service life of the device with proper assembly is a record 100,000 hours;
in terms of watt / lumen efficiency, they also surpass all analogues;
the cost of a homemade lamp is not higher than that of a fluorescent lamp.

Of course, there is one drawback - the lack of guarantees for the product, which must be compensated by the exact observance of instructions and the skill of an electrician.

Specialized stores offer a large selection of LED devices. However, sometimes in the assortment it is impossible to find a device that meets the necessary parameters. In addition, LED-devices traditionally have a high cost.

Meanwhile, it is quite possible to save money and get the perfect lamp by doing the assembly yourself. It is not difficult to do this and elementary technical knowledge and practical skills will be enough.

A self-made LED device has a number of significant advantages over an analogue purchased in a store. They are economical: with careful assembly and the use of quality parts, the service life reaches 100 thousand hours.

Such devices show a high degree of energy efficiency, which is determined by the ratio of power consumption and the brightness of the generated light. Finally, their cost is an order of magnitude lower than factory counterparts.

Making an LED lamp from a halogen lamp

In accordance with the diagram, the LEDs are located on the disk in the position of the legs up, taking into account their polarity. A small amount of glue is applied between them so that it does not get on the contacts. During soldering, the entire chain must begin with a plus and end with a minus. Next, the positive contacts are connected by soldering. Negative contacts are connected to resistors and to each other. As a result, resistors with a negative charge are obtained.

The contacts of the resistors are connected to each other, after which copper wires are soldered to them. The gap between the wires and the contacts is filled with glue to avoid a short circuit. Then the disk and the reflector are glued together. After the glue dries, you can connect to a 12 volt power source.

The main issues that have to be addressed in the manufacture of LED lamps are the conversion of alternating electric current into pulsating and its alignment to constant. In addition, it is necessary to limit the strength of the electric current to 12 volts, which is necessary to power the diode.

Thinking through the device, you should also solve a number of design problems, namely:

how to arrange the circuit and LEDs;
how to isolate the system;
how to ensure heat exchange in the device.

Before assembly, it is advisable to think through all these problems, taking into account the requirements that apply to a homemade light source.

In addition to the body, other elements will be required to create the lamp. These are, first of all, LEDs, which can be purchased in the form of LED strips or individual HK6 elements. The current strength of each part is 100-120 mA; voltage 3-3.3 V.

Rectifier diodes 1N4007 or a diode bridge are also required, as well as fuses, which can be found in the base of the old device.

You will also need a capacitor, the capacitance and voltage of which must correspond to the electrical circuit used and the number of LED elements used in it.

If you are not using a ready-made board, you need to think about the frame to which the LEDs are attached. For its manufacture, a heat-resistant material that is not a metal and non-conductive electric current is suitable.

As a rule, such a part is made of durable plastics or thick cardboard. To attach the LED elements to the frame, you will need liquid nails or superglue.

Energy saving lamp

To complete the package, you need to purchase 5 mm LEDs and 4 ultra-fast diodes of the UF4007 type. The essence of creating an energy-saving LED lamp is to install a rectifier bridge at the EB output, which will allow you to get a constant voltage of 100 V at a current of 130 mA.

To reduce the frequency of the alternating voltage at the output of the EB, we will assemble a rectifier bridge from UF4007 diodes, to the output of which we solder a 0.1 μF capacitor operating at a voltage of 400 V. We install the diode bridge in place of the capacitor C3 (see typical diagram of the EB lamp) connecting the threads incandescent lamp, which is then connected to each other.

Separately, we assemble a serial circuit of 30 LED devices, the current consumption of which is 20 mA, and check its operation. With a constant voltage of 100 V and a current of 130 mA, you can assemble 5 chains of LED diodes of 30 pieces each and get a lamp with a power of 15 W.

As you can see from the above, you can make an LED lamp with your own hands, not only soldering the circuit, but also using various devices - LED strip and lamps of various types.

Energy-saving lamps that have served their useful life should not be thrown away, they can be used as the basis for LED lamps. The lamp body, together with the base, must be intact, and the electronic ballast must be fully operational, since they will be the basis of the new lamp. In addition, you will need 5 mm LEDs and 4 ultra-fast diodes.

A rectifier bridge is installed at the output of an energy-saving lamp, providing a constant voltage of 100 volts at a current of 130 mA. Separately, a serial chain of 30 LEDs is assembled, the number of such chains can reach up to five.

LED luminous flux online calc. .

Schemes of LED lamps

The circuit includes four diodes that are connected in different directions. Thanks to this, the bridge acquires the ability to transform the mains current of 220 V into a pulsating one.

This happens as follows: when sinusoidal half-waves pass through two diodes, they change, which causes a loss of polarity.

When assembling, a capacitor is connected to the positive output in front of the bridge; in front of the negative terminal - a resistance of 100 ohms. Another capacitor is installed behind the bridge: it will be needed to smooth out voltage drops.

The easiest way to create an LED lamp is to make a light source based on a broken lamp. It is necessary to check the operability of the detected parts, which can be done using a 12 V battery.

Defective elements must be replaced. To do this, unsolder the contacts, removing the burned-out elements, put new ones in their place. It is important to observe the alternation of anodes and cathodes, which are mounted in series.

If you need to change only 2-3 pieces of the chip, you just need to solder them to the areas where the failed components were previously located.

With complete self-assembly, you need to connect 10 diodes in a row, observing the rules of polarity. Several completed circuits are soldered to the wires.

When assembling circuits, it is important to ensure that the soldered ends do not touch each other, as this can lead to a short circuit of the device and failure of the system.

To avoid the flickering characteristic of LED lamps, the scheme described above can be supplemented with several details. Thus, it should consist of a diode bridge, 100 and 230 ohm resistors, 400 nF and 10 uF capacitors.

To protect the device from voltage drops, a 100 ohm resistor is placed at the beginning of the circuit, followed by a 400 nF capacitor, after which a diode bridge is installed and another 230 ohm resistor, followed by the assembled LED chain.

A similar scheme is also quite accessible to a novice master. It requires two 12k resistors and two strings of the same number of LEDs that are soldered in series with respect to polarity. In this case, one strip on the side of R1 is connected to the cathode, and the other - to R2 - to the anode.

The lamps made according to this scheme have a softer light, since the active elements are lit in turn, due to which the pulsation of the flashes is almost imperceptible to the naked eye.

The devices are successfully used as a table lamp and for other purposes. To create optimal lighting, experts recommend using tapes of 20-40 diodes. A smaller number gives a small luminous flux, the connection of a larger number of elements is technically quite difficult to perform.

The basis of the fundamentals - the calculation and principle of operation of a current driver with a quenching capacitor

Resistor R1 limits the current surge when power is applied until the circuit stabilizes (about 1 second). Value from 50 to 150 ohms. Power 2 W.

Resistor R2 ensures the operation of the ballast capacitor. First, it discharges it when the power is turned off. At a minimum, so that you are not shaken by current when unscrewing the light bulb. The second task is to prevent a current surge in the case when the polarity of the charged capacitor and the first half-wave of 220 volts do not match.

Actually, the quenching capacitor C1 is the basis of the circuit. It is a kind of current filter. By selecting the capacitance, you can set any current in the circuit. For our diodes, it should not exceed 20 mA at the peak values of the mains voltage.

An electrolytic capacitor C2 is needed to prevent the lamp from flickering. LEDs have no inertia when turned on and off. Therefore, the eye will see a flicker at a frequency of 50 Hz. By the way, cheap Chinese lamps sin with this. The quality of the capacitor is checked using any digital camera, even a smartphone. Looking at the burning diodes through the digital matrix, you can see blinking, indistinguishable to the human eye.

In addition, this electrolyte gives an unexpected bonus: the lamps do not turn off immediately, but with a noble slow attenuation until the capacity is discharged.

I \u003d 200 * C * (1.41 * U networks - U led)

I - received circuit current in amperes

200 is a constant (network frequency 50Hz * 4)

1.41 - constant

C - capacitance of capacitor C1 (quenching) in farads

U network - the estimated voltage of the network (ideally - 220 volts)

U led - the total voltage drop across the LEDs (in our case - 3.3 volts, multiplied by the number of LED elements)

By selecting the number of LEDs (with a known voltage drop) and the capacitance of the quenching capacitor, it is necessary to achieve the required current. It should not be higher than that specified in the characteristics of the LEDs. It is the current strength that you adjust the brightness of the glow, and inversely proportional to the life of the LEDs.

For convenience, you can create a formula in Excel.

The circuit has been tested repeatedly, the first copy was assembled almost 3 years ago, it works in a lamp in the kitchen, there were no malfunctions.

Let's move on to the practical implementation of projects. There is no point in discussing the number of LED elements and the capacitance of the capacitor in separate circuits: the projects are individual for each lamp. Calculated strictly according to the formula. The above circuit for 60 LEDs with a 68 microfarad capacitor is not just an example, but a real calculation for a current in the circuit of 15 mA (to extend the life of the lights).

The rectified current passes to series-connected HL1-HL27 LEDs, the number of which can reach 80 pieces.

To avoid flickering and achieve a consistently even color, it is desirable to use capacitor C2, which should have as much capacitance as possible.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

So, having idle linear or compact fluorescent lamps at hand and a few elements listed above in this article, you can create an LED lamp with your own hands, which has a number of advantages. One of the main ones is low cost compared to lamps that can be purchased at the store.

As you can see, assembling an LED lamp with your own hands is not a problem if you are a little versed in electrical elements and have the skills to work with a soldering iron. Of course, this is not the only scheme. You can make a lamp from an ordinary energy-saving lamp, or a chandelier where incandescent lamps were used. The main thing is to correctly assemble the power supply, adjusting it to a voltage of 12 volts and the current strength of a segment of the LED strip.

DIY 220V LED lamp - assembly diagram

How to choose a power supply for a 12V LED strip

How to make light music from LED strip with your own hands

DIY LED lamps

Self-made LED lamps have high technical characteristics. They are almost as good as factory models in terms of strength, reliability, and durability. The assembly of such devices is available to almost everyone: for its successful implementation, you only need to strictly follow the diagrams and carefully perform all the prescribed manipulations.

Assembling a simple LED lamp

Consider the implementation of the lamp in a standard base from a fluorescent lamp. To do this, we will have to slightly modify the above list of materials. In this case we use:

old base E27;
NK6 LEDs;
RLD2-1 driver;
a piece of plastic or thick cardboard;
Super glue;
electrical wiring;
soldering iron, pliers, scissors.

Initially, you need to disassemble the lamp. For luminescent devices, the connection of the base to the plate with tubes is carried out using latches. It is important to locate the fastener and pry the elements with a screwdriver, which will make it easy to detach the cartridge.

When disassembling the device, extreme care must be taken so as not to harm the tubes inside which there is a toxic substance. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor the integrity of the electrical wiring connected to the base, as well as to save the parts contained in it.

We use the upper part with the connected gas discharge tubes to make the plate needed to connect the LEDs. It is enough to remove the tubular elements, and fix the LED parts in the remaining round holes.

For their secure fastening, it is better to make an additional plastic or cardboard cover, which will serve to isolate the chips.

The lamp will use NK6 LEDs, each of which consists of 6 crystals connected in parallel. They allow you to create a fairly bright lighting fixture with a minimum of electricity consumed.

To connect each LED to the cover, two holes must be made. They should be pierced carefully in strict accordance with the scheme.

The plastic part allows you to firmly fix the LED elements, while the use of cardboard requires additional fixing of the LEDs to the base using liquid nails or superglue.

Since the device is designed to use six LEDs with a power of 0.5 watts each, three elements connected in parallel must be provided in the circuit.

In a design that will operate from a 220 V power supply, the RLD2-1 driver must be provided, which should be purchased from a store or performed independently.

It is important to isolate the driver and the board from each other using plastic or cardboard before starting assembly to avoid short circuits. Since the lamp barely heats up, there is no need to worry about overheating.

Having picked up all the components, you can assemble the structure according to the scheme, and then connect it to the mains to check the glow.

The device, powered by a standard 220V cartridge, has low power consumption and a power equal to 3 watts. The latter indicator is 2-3 times less than that of luminescent devices and 10 times less than that of incandescent lamps.

Although the luminous flux is only 100-120 lumens, thanks to the dazzling white color, the lamp seems much brighter. The assembled luminaire can be used as a table lamp or to illuminate a compact space, such as a corridor or closet.

LED lamps on various bases

Halogen lamp

In order for the interior to be cozier and more comfortable in an apartment, in a country house or in an office, it is necessary to periodically change the lighting system. It is not necessary to spend money on this, you can use materials that are used in everyday life. Each branch, jar and some wooden products can be used in the manufacture of DIY lamps.

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What materials are best for making lamps?

The main element of any lamp is a lamp. It is better to use LED lamps, as they do not emit heat.

To give a second life to lamps, you can apply:

yarn;
bottles;
paper;
rope;
a thread;
LED strip;
phytodiode;
banks.

From these materials, original and presentable lighting fixtures are obtained.

Photo gallery

Below are samples of products from improvised materials.

Wine bottle sconce branch lamp

LED strip lamp

Before proceeding with the modernization or manufacture of a lamp from an LED strip, it is necessary to study the properties of LEDs:

They dazzle the human eye, so they should be mounted under frosted glass or in niches.
The place for installing the controller and the tape power supply is selected during the project in advance. These elements are necessary to maintain the characteristics of the LEDs.
The tape is based on adhesive double-sided tape, which allows you to securely fasten it to the installation site.
When assembling the chandelier, care should be taken as the tape can be easily damaged.

What you need

To assemble and upgrade the lamp with your own hands, you need to prepare the following materials:

We buy LED strip of the required length.
Choose a power supply and controller.
For assembly, it is necessary to use stranded wires with a cross section of 1 mm2.
Glue gun and hand tools.

Step-by-step instruction

The upgrade will be based on a fluorescent luminaire of four lamps for suspended ceilings in the following order:

The dismantling of the attachments of the lamp is being carried out.
Installation of LED strip, controller and power supply.
Installation of frosted glass and installation on the ceiling.

The Thomas Superleds channel demonstrates the modernization of the armstrong lamp.

Photo gallery

Below are pictures of the assembly of lamps in steps.

Phytodiode connection diagram

The GrowByLEDs com channel presents a detailed production of a phytodiode seedling lamp.

Photo gallery

Installing phytodiodes on a cooling radiator Assembling the lamp frame

How to make a paper pendant lamp

In order to add brightness to interior design, you can make a beautiful and unusual paper lamp.

It should be borne in mind that only LED lamps should be used, since paper lamps tend to ignite when heated.

What you need

To make a paper chandelier, you can use an old chandelier.

The following tools and materials must be used:

parchment paper;
PVA glue;
thin thread and wire;
scissors;
Patoron E27 and light bulb;
sewing machine.

Step-by-step instruction

The assembly goes like this:

We remove the frame from the old chandelier and clean it of jewelry.
Smooth out the parchment paper and cut out circles with a diameter of 8 cm.
All cut circles should be sewn on a sewing machine.
It is necessary to connect in the central part of the circle.
We fix the stitched circles on the frame of the chandelier with a wire.

After assembling all the elements, it is necessary to screw in the LED lamp and install the chandelier in place.

The principle of making a paper lamp can be seen in the video from the Roman Tkachev channel.

Photo gallery

To finalize the paper lamp, fairly simple tools were used, which are shown below.

Frame of an old chandelier Sewing round pieces Installation of stitched elements on the frame Installation and connection of the updated chandelier

Wood lamp

To make a lamp from wood requires the ability to work with wood material.

Such a lamp can be used:

on the kitchen;
in the bath;
in the cafe.

What you need

To create a lamp made of wood, you need to prepare the following materials:

wood;
LED Strip Light;
jigsaw;
epoxy resin;
wires.

Step-by-step instruction

The assembly algorithm is presented in the following form:

It is necessary to cut a bar with a size of 100 * 100 * 100 mm, in which you need to make a groove with a jigsaw for the LED strip.
Connect the tape and fill the groove with epoxy and allow to dry.
After the glue has dried, it is necessary to process the surface of the lamp with fine sandpaper.

The principle of making a wooden lamp is shown in the video from the channel Anton Veligorsky.

Photo gallery

Making a slot for an LED strip in a workpiece Connecting a wooden lamp

Making a lamp from branches

A branch lamp can be made after a trip to the forest by collecting branches and cones. To create such a lighting device, you need to apply a minimum set of materials. This original lamp can be hung on the wall.

What you need

To make a lamp from branches, you will need the following components:

branches and cones;
glue gun;
wire with lamp socket;
old vase.

Step-by-step instruction

Before assembling the lamp, it is necessary to dry the branches. Then clean the vase with coarse sandpaper and degrease for better gluing.

Assembly is carried out in the following order:

We cut the branches of approximately the same length.
It is necessary to glue the seedling to the vase through a distance of 5 mm between the branches.
Glue the cones and shoots on top of the branches.
Install and connect the wire with the lamp.

The Light You channel shows how to make a lamp from branches with your own hands.

Photo gallery

Network connection Attaching branches to a vase

Interesting lamp made of rope and glue

For decoration in the kitchen, you can make a lamp from waxed rope and glue. Production will not take more than an hour. It is recommended to hang several balls to fit into the interior.

What you need

To create a rope lamp, you will need the following tools and materials:

Balloon;
rope;
PVA glue;
glue gun;
marker.

Step-by-step instruction

The build logic is presented with the following order:

Inflate the balloon to the desired size.
At the bottom of the ball we draw a circle of 10 cm to scatter light.
Pour glue into the container and soak the rope.
We evenly wind the rope around the ball.
As the thread has dried, we pierce the ball with a needle.
We glue the cartridge with the lamp to the ball of rope with a glue gun.
We install at the installation site.

The Do it yourself channel shows a step-by-step assembly of a rope lamp

Photo gallery

We wind the rope Leave to dry We pierce the ball Installation of the finished lamp

Lamp in the children's room "The sun behind the cloud"

In the children's room, in addition to the main lighting, there should be an additional one. As an additional, you can make a lamp "The Sun Behind the Cloud". For manufacturing, a minimum set of materials is required.

What you need

To create a lamp, you will need the following materials:

a piece of fiberboard 30 * 50 cm;
scissors;
jigsaw;
thermal gun;
two metal brackets for the cartridge.

Step-by-step instruction

When working on the assembly of the lighting device, the following sequence should be observed:

Cut out the sky pattern from paper.
We apply the template to the fiberboard sheet and cut it out.
Install the cartridge mounting brackets.
We mount the cartridge together with the lead wire.
We fix the sky template from fiberboard and decorate it.

Below is a detailed assembly of the lamp in the children's room on the video from Pavel Zhidovkin's channel.

Photo gallery

The assembly diagram of the "Sun Behind the Cloud" lighting device is presented below.

Paper template Sky carved from fiberboard Cartridge installation Connecting the luminaire to the network

How to make a portable spotlight

A spotlight can be used not only in drywall constructions, but also for homemade products. In the garage or in the country there is a need for portable spotlights.

What you need

To create a portable lamp, you will need the following components:

spotlight;
socket of internal execution;
cord 10 meters long;
piece of 110 sewer plastic pipe;
trimming small tins;
aluminum rivets;
ceiling;
construction profile.

Step-by-step instruction

The luminaire is mounted in the following mode:

We disassemble the spotlight and turn the cartridge 180 degrees.
Install a socket at the bottom of the soffit.
We close the contact part in front with a lid, and in the back with a sewer pipe.
We cut out the necessary design from the tin and install it on the soffit with rivets.
We connect the cord to the cartridge and use the carrier.

Photo gallery

Installing a chuck with a switch Socket installation at the bottom Making a luminaire protection template Luminaire protection Dismantling a spotlight Installing the luminaire protection

Table lamp made of threads and a ball

A ball and thread lamp is one of the most popular homemade lighting fixtures. The basis is an ordinary thread. The ball can be made in just 1 hour.

What you need

The following set of components you must have when creating a lamp from threads:

Balloon;
PVA glue;
needle;
cartridge E27;
power cord for connection.

Step-by-step instruction

To create a lighting fixture from threads, you must consider the assembly option.

An LED is a semiconductor device that converts electrical current into light. One 220 volt LED lamp saves a huge amount of electricity. Savings come out 2 times more than a fluorescent lamp and 10 times than an incandescent lamp. If you use parts from a burned-out lamp to make such a lamp, you can significantly reduce costs. Do-it-yourself LED lamp can be assembled quite simply. But do not forget that for this you must have the appropriate qualifications, as you will have to work with high voltage.

Benefits of LEDs

Nowadays, you can find a huge number of types of chandeliers with LED lamps in stores. They have different advantages and disadvantages. Modernization of energy saving lamps allows you to take advantage of all the benefits of fluorescent light. This applies to the most common fixtures with an E 27 base. And the old representatives of this family were endowed with an unpleasant flicker. Fluorescent light sources are truly a miracle. Compared to them, incandescent lamps are losing ground very much. Their high power consumption and low light output are not offset by their high color rendering index.

Durability is their main advantage. It is mechanically strong and reliable.. It is known that its life can reach up to 100,000 hours. And they are also considered environmentally friendly light sources, unlike fluorescent lamps, which, in turn, contain mercury. But as you know, fluorescent lamps have some disadvantages:

The vapors contained in the tubes are quite poisonous.
Due to frequent switching on and off, they can quickly fail.
The design itself requires a certain amount of recycling.

In order to remove this small minus and turn it into a good plus, you can build a lamp from an LED strip with your own hands. In this way, the cost of the light source can be reduced. It will be much lower than that of luminescent counterparts . Also, this lamp will have several advantages:

Lamp life will be a record 100,000 hours, but only if properly assembled.
The cost of a homemade device is no higher than that of a fluorescent lamp.
The watt/lumen efficiency is far superior to all analogues.

But there is also one drawback - this product does not have a warranty. It must be compensated by the skill of the electrician and the exact observance of the instructions.

Homemade lamps

To create a lamp with your own hands, there are a huge number of ways. Using an old base from a burned-out fluorescent lamp is the most common method. Such resources are available in every home, so there will be no problems finding them. And you will also need:

In some schemes, one or two items from this list may not be useful. However, in others, on the contrary, new links in the chain may be needed, for example: drivers or electrolytes. In each specific case, you need make a list of required materials.

How to make a DIY LED lamp

To proceed with the installation of the lamp, it is necessary to prepare two damaged fluorescent lamps with a power of 13 W and a length of half a meter. There is no point in buying new ones, it is best to find broken old ones. But they must be checked for cracks and chips.

Next, in the store you need to purchase an LED strip. This must be approached responsibly, as the choice is very large. Ribbons with natural or pure white light work best. Since they do not change the shades of surrounding objects and are super-bright. Usually in these tapes the LEDs are assembled in groups of three. The power of one group is 14 watts, and the voltage is 12 volts per meter tape.

After that, you need to disassemble the fluorescent lamps into their component parts. It is necessary to act very carefully - do not damage the wires and do not break the tube, as in this case toxic fumes will escape. All extracted entrails should not be thrown away. They may come in handy later. Next, you need to cut the tape into sections of 3 diodes. After that, it is worth getting expensive and unnecessary converters. Large, sturdy scissors or wire cutters are best for cutting the tape.

As a result, there should be 22 groups 3 leds or 66 leds, which must be connected in parallel along the entire length. To convert alternating current to direct current, it is necessary to increase the standard voltage of 220 volts to 250 in the electrical network. This is due to the straightening process. The next step is to figure out the number of LED sections. To do this, you need to divide 250 volts by 12 volts (voltage for 1 group of 3 pcs.). Having received as a result 20.8 (3), you need to round up - you get 21 groups. It is best to add another group, as the total number of LEDs will be divided into two lamps. And dividing an even number is much easier.

Next, you need a DC rectifier, which can be found in the extracted insides of a fluorescent lamp. Using wire cutters, we remove the capacitor from the common converter circuit. It is quite easy to perform this action, since it is separate from the diodes, you just have to break off the board.

Using superglue and soldering, it is necessary to assemble the entire structure. You should not try to fit all 22 sections into one lamp. As mentioned above, you need to find 2 half-meter lamps, since it is simply impossible to place all the LEDs in one. You do not need to rely on the self-adhesive layer, which is located on the back of the tape. He won't be able to last long. Therefore, to fix the LEDs, it is better to use superglue or liquid nails.

Summing up, you can make out all the advantages of the assembled product. The amount of light from the resulting lamps is 1.5 times greater than that of analogues. But the power consumption is much less than that of fluorescent lamps. The service life of this light source will be about 10 times longer. And also one of the advantages - is the direction of the light. It is directed strictly downward and does not have the ability to dissipate. Therefore, it will be best used at the desktop or in the kitchen. However, the emitted light is not high brightness, but has low power consumption.

Constant use of the lamp in the on state will consume only 4 kW of energy per year. The cost of electricity consumed per year can be compared with the cost of a ticket in public transport. Therefore, such light sources are often used where constant illumination is required, for example:

The outside.
Corridor.
Utility room.
Emergency lighting.

Simple LED light bulb

There is another way to create a lamp. A table lamp, chandelier or lantern needs an E14 or E27 socket. Accordingly, the diodes used and the circuit will be different. Compact fluorescent lamps are now common . For installation you will need one burned out cartridge, as well as a modified list of materials. Necessary:

Let's move on to creating an LED module with our own hands. First you need to disassemble the old lamp. In fluorescent lamps, the base is attached to a plate with tubes and secured with latches. The plinth can be detached quite simply. It is necessary, having found places with latches, pry them with a screwdriver. You need to do everything quite carefully so as not to damage the tubes. When opening, it is necessary to ensure that the electrical wiring that leads to the base remains intact.

From the upper part with gas discharge tubes, you need to make a plate to which the LEDs will be attached. To do this, disconnect the bulb tubes. The rest of the plate has 6 holes. In order for the LEDs to fit tightly in it, you need to make a cardboard or plastic “bottom” that will also isolate the LEDs. You need to use NK6 LEDs, they are multi-chip (6 crystals per diode) with parallel connection.

Because of this, the light source is ultra-bright at minimum power. In the cover you need to make 2 holes for each LED. Holes should be pierced carefully and evenly so that their location matches each other and the intended pattern. If you use a piece of plastic as a “bottom”, then the LEDs will be fixed firmly. But in the case of using a piece of cardboard, you will need to glue the base with LEDs using superglue or liquid nails.

Since the light bulb will be used on a 220 volt network, an RLD2-1 driver is required. You can connect 3 diodes of 1 watt to it. For this lamp, it took 6 LEDs with a power of 0.5 watts. From this it follows that the connection circuit will be formed from two parts connected in series from three LEDs connected in parallel.

Before proceeding with the assembly, you need to isolate the driver and the board from each other. To do this, you can use a piece of cardboard or plastic. This will avoid a short circuit in the future. There is no need to worry about overheating, as the lamp does not heat up at all. It remains to assemble the design and test it in action. The white light makes the bulb appear much brighter. The luminous flux of the assembled lamp is 100-120 lumens. This may be enough to illuminate a small room (corridor or utility room).

Types of fixtures

Lamps on LEDs can be divided into two groups: indicator (LED) - are used as indicators, because they are low-power and dim. The green lights on the router are indicator LEDs. Such diodes are also on the TV. Their application is quite varied. For example:

Car dashboard lighting.
Various electronic devices.
Illumination of computer displays.

Their colors have a huge variety: yellow, green, red, purple, blue, white and even ultraviolet. It is worth remembering that the color of the LED does not depend on the color of the plastic. It is determined by the type of semiconductor material from which it is made. In most cases, you need to turn it on to know the color, as they are made of colorless plastic.

A lighting design is used to illuminate something. It differs in its power and brightness. It also has a very reduced price, so it is often used in domestic and industrial lighting. This type of lighting is considered productive, environmentally friendly and cheap. To date, the level of development of technology can allow the production of lamps with a high level of light output per 1 watt.

If you are interested in how to make an LED lamp with your own hands at home, then we will provide several step-by-step instructions with photo and video examples that will allow you to assemble an LED lamp in no more than an hour. All the ideas provided below will be listed from easiest to most difficult, allowing you to choose the right one depending on your soldering iron skills and electrical circuits.

Idea number 1 - Upgrading the halogen light bulb

The easiest way is to make an LED lamp yourself from a burned-out halogen bulb with - GU4. In this case, you will need the following materials and tools:

LEDs. Choose the number of them yourself, depending on how bright the LED lighting should be. We immediately draw your attention to the fact that you should not choose more than 22 diodes (this will complicate the assembly process and also make the light bulb too bright).
Super glue (ordinary glue is also suitable, but it will harden longer, which will not allow you to make an LED lamp quickly).
A small piece of copper wire.
Resistors. Their number and power will be calculated by an online calculator.
A small piece of sheet aluminum (an alternative is a regular beer or soda can).
Internet access. You will need to open a special online calculator to calculate the LED lamp circuit.
Hammer, soldering iron and hole punch.

Having prepared all the materials, you can proceed directly to the assembly of the diode light bulb. We will provide instructions for creating a home-made one step by step, with photo examples of each stage, so that you can clearly see the installation process.

So, to make a 12 volt LED lamp, you need to follow these steps:

Remove the top glass from the old halogen bulb, as well as the white putty near the pin base (as shown in the photo below). For this, it is best to use a screwdriver.
Turn the lamp socle upside down and carefully use a hammer to knock out the pins from the seat. The old halogen bulb should fall out.
According to the number of LEDs you have chosen, come up with a diagram of their location, on the basis of which make a paper stencil. You can use an existing blank and print one of the ready-made diagrams that are provided in the picture:
Glue the stencil to the aluminum sheet with super glue, cut the sheet to the shape of the stencil, and then make the seats for the LEDs with a hole punch.
Generate an assembly drawing of an LED lamp on the Internet for your conditions. In our case, to create an LED light bulb at home from 22 diodes, you need to assemble the following circuit:
Put the aluminum disk on a convenient stand and insert the LEDs into the seats, as shown in the photo. To simplify the soldering process, bend the cathode leg of one diode to the anode leg of the other.
Carefully glue all the LEDs, making them a single design. An important point - the glue should not get on the legs of the diodes, because. when soldering, extremely unpleasant smoke will be emitted.
When the glue hardens, start soldering the legs. By the way, we recommend that you do this, which also does not take much time. According to the diagram, solder the diodes of the LED lamp, leaving only one plus leg and one minus leg for power connection. It is recommended to cut the "-" leg in half, so as not to confuse the polarity of the contacts of a home-made LED light bulb in the future.
Solder the resistors to the negative terminals according to the diagram. As a result, according to our example, you should get 6 positive terminals and 6 negative ones (with resistors).
Solder the resistors according to the generated schematic.
Solder the same piece of copper wire to the two contacts formed, which will make it possible to make the pin base of the LED lamp at home. By analogy with the previous advice, make one leg shorter (minus) for a while, so that later you don’t confuse anything and make the connection correctly.
To prevent this from happening in the future, carefully glue the space between the legs that are brought out.
Perform the final assembly of the LED light bulb: place the disk on the reflector and carefully glue it.
With a marker, sign on the body of the assembled LED lamp where “+” and where “-”, also indicate that the home-made light source is designed to be connected to a 12 volt power supply, not 220.
Check the assembled homemade product. To do this, connect the LED bulb to a car battery or a 220/12 Volt power supply.

In such a simple way, you can make an LED lamp with your own hands from improvised means. As you can see, there is nothing difficult and it will not take much time to assemble! Be sure to check out some of the best ideas for making a light bulb at home, which we have provided in the video gallery:

Idea number 2 - "Housekeeper" in progress!

The second, no less interesting idea is to assemble a light bulb from an energy-saving lamp. There are also no particularly serious works and even a not very experienced electrician can handle the assembly.
To begin with, you must prepare the following materials and tools for assembling an LED lamp with your own hands:

Having prepared all the materials, you can proceed to the assembly. This instruction is more creative, so if you decide to make a diode light bulb from a burnt housekeeper, carefully look at the photo examples.

Stages of work:

According to this instruction, you can easily make an LED lamp from a fluorescent or halogen light bulb!

Idea number 3 - LED strip for the base

If you are not so good with a soldering iron and at the same time have no idea how to assemble a circuit on fiberglass, it is better to make an LED lamp with your own hands from LED tape. In this case, instead of a driver, you can use a power supply that converts 220 Volts in the network to 12. The only significant drawback of this method is the large dimensions of the power supply, so this option is recommended if you decide to make LED lighting in the room with spotlights. You can try to collect all the bulbs for them with your own hands and connect them to a single power supply, which will hide without problems in the ceiling.

So, all you have to do is:

That's the whole instruction for assembling an LED lamp from a tape. As you can see, everything is much easier than even making a light bulb according to the generated scheme. This concludes our simple instructions, and now you know how to make a DIY LED lamp from an energy-saving light bulb, diode tape and a halogen light source! We hope that the ideas provided were useful and understandable for you!

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