External insulation of panel houses. How to insulate a panel house from the outside and how. Styrofoam insulation

Panel houses were considered chic during the Khrushchev era. Insulation of the facade of a panel house - a quick and cheap technology made it possible to put into operation a huge amount of square meters, with which residents are still suffering. In the barren buildings with thin walls, it is sometimes too humid and cold. The inner surfaces of the walls are infected with a fungus, and mold can even start in the bathroom.

Figure 1. External insulation of the entire house.

The best option for all residents can be insulation of the facade of a panel house. Not only Khrushchevs suffer from such "diseases". Panel housing technology is still popular and far from perfect. Therefore, the method should be adopted by all residents of the "panels".

Any building structure can be insulated from the outside and from the inside. In any case, we will get a cake that will consist of structural material and insulation. Insulation is a material with low thermal conductivity, the main task of which is to prevent loss heat from the apartment.

If you insulate the house from the inside, then there is a high probability of condensation on the inner layer of the wall behind the insulation. This is due to the fact that the air flow gradually heats up to temperature inside the building passing layer by layer of the pie from the building envelope. At some point, the temperature of the air flow reaches the dew point and condensation occurs. For the indoor climate, this is useful, since less heat will be spent on heating dry air, but for structural materials, such a shower threatens with huge problems.

If insulation is made from the outside, then the dew point will shift into the thickness of the insulation, which ideally should not harm. Benefits of outdoor insulation:

Dew point offset.
Protection of the enclosing structure from getting wet.
Does not occupy the interior space of the apartment.
Does not require high-quality and expensive vapor barrier.

Any heat engineer, if possible, will choose external insulation, this is also confirmed building codes and regulations. The use of internal insulation is always an extreme measure or unprofessional.

Materials for wall insulation of panel houses from the outside

Today's market for thermal insulation materials is huge, but there are products that are deservedly considered classics. thermal insulation of a panel house from the outside.

Among these materials are:

mineral wool;
sandwich panels;
Styrofoam.

Figure 2. Expanded polystyrene for facade insulation.

We will analyze each of the options separately in order to understand what advantages this or that type of insulation brings.

Mineral wool

Mineral or stone wool commonly referred to as insulation based on extruded stone chips. The point of using stone is that a foamy slab with stable walls is obtained. The interior space is plates 90% filled with air. Today, air is the material with the lowest thermal conductivity. Therefore, all heaters include air.

In total, there are three types of mineral wool:

Basalt mineral wool on a synthetic binder. This is the most popular option. If you hear someone talking about mineral wool, then most likely this type of insulation is meant. Mats made of this material are loved by all heating engineers for ease of installation, low cost and good thermal insulation performance. However, basalt wool is rarely used to insulate facade houses, since its installation requires a frame that needs to be thermally insulated separately so that cold bridges do not appear.
Glass wool. Used everywhere for insulation in the last century. Now it is completely unsuitable as a heater: it constantly crumbles, quickly falls off and is extremely dangerous in installation. When installing basalt mineral wool slabs enough to use a respirator. To install glass wool blocks, you will have to protect the whole body. In addition, the thermal insulation characteristics of the material are very mediocre.
Mineral wool based on cellulose. The name speaks for itself. This is a flammable insulation made from foamed paper residues. The main advantage that manufacturers are trying to cling to is environmental friendliness. But the insulation copes with its task poorly, and therefore there is no particular point in using it.

Sandwich panels

Sandwich panels are used primarily due to the possibility of quick installation. By itself, the panel is a heater sandwiched between two layers of structural material. Acts as a heater:

Foamed polyurethane. High-quality, but expensive material. It is unprofitable to use it to insulate the facade of an apartment building. But a sandwich panel with such a heater is perfect for a private house.
Mineral wool. This insulation has already been mentioned earlier, all its properties are transferred here completely. The use of sandwich panels protects the mineral wool board from precipitation, facilitating installation.
Styrofoam. These are the most popular sandwich panels. The insulation used makes them light and quite effective.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam- this is the most popular material in Russia for the insulation of building facades. The undoubted advantage of this insulation is that it is absolutely not affected by moisture, when the basalt mineral wool slab eventually turns into tatters. As a rule, the service life of such a heater does not exceed 10 years. Styrofoam manufacturers guarantee 30 to 50 years of service.

Figure 3. Insulation of the facade with foam.

Styrofoam is attached to the facade with dowels or special glue. And most often both methods are combined to create a reliable fastening.

Ways of external insulation of facades

In total, there are two mounting method insulation on the facade of the building:

Dry method or ventilated facade.
wet method.

Each of the technologies has its own advantages, so we will consider each option separately.

Facade insulation ventilated facade

The dry method does not involve the use of mixtures with the addition of water. In order to create heat-insulating layer by this method, a thermal shield is made of heaters, which are covered with shield materials. The materials already considered by us are used as heaters. A ventilated facade is called because a small air gap is left between the shield material and the insulation to ventilate the insulation.

Wet facade insulation

This method involves warming facade surface using specialized water-based mixtures. These mixtures may have a different composition. Recently, cellulose-based foam insulation has been increasingly used. The main advantage of this method: filling all the cracks and holes. The wet method does not leave cold bridges through which heat can flow out of the room.

Warming technology

Regardless of the used insulation installation technology, procedure wall preparation required. All materials are purchased before installation. Buying additional consumables in the process is a poor calculation of materials, which can lead to poor-quality installation of insulation.

Preparation of materials

As a rule, workers have an overall plan of the building. So the required amount material can always be calculated. This is the area of the walls minus the area of the windows. The resulting area of \u200b\u200binsulation must be increased by 20 percent. Based on the consumption per area of insulation, fasteners are calculated, the required tools are pretended to be. Approximate consumption of fasteners per sq.m. insulation is contained on the websites of manufacturers.

All styrofoam sheets or mineral wool boards must be unpacked on the ground, laid out and molded. As a rule, any insulation is easily cut with a saw or a special knife.

Necessary materials and tools

In addition to insulation, you will have to purchase a sealant for seam sealing. Different heaters require different consumables. In the case of using foam, you need to buy a reinforcing mesh, plaster, glue and dowels.

For mineral wool, self-tapping screws and iron slats will be required. Self-tapping screws and glue - needed for mounting sandwich panels.

Here is a sample list of surface insulation tools building:

scaffolding for work at height;
a set of spatulas for sealing joints, preparing walls and applying glue;
drill;
insurance.

After all the tools are ready, and the materials are molded, you can begin the installation of insulation.

Wall preparation

First of all, the old coating is removed: plaster and cracked paint are peeled off the surface wall panel at home. Without fail, it is necessary to coat all joints with putty and seal all cracks in the panels with plaster or mortar. Installation of insulation is carried out only on the most clean, even wall. If the wall is sloping, this must be taken into account during installation. How exactly - we will tell a little later.

Figure 4. Insulation of the facade of a multi-storey building.

After the walls are prepared, you can begin the installation of insulation. In detail, we will describe only the installation of foam, as the most popular and effective material.

Insulation installation

On the wall glue is applied one after the other, foam plates are attached from the bottom up.

Important! If the wall is uneven, then you can level it with glue, but not more than 2 cm. For large distortions, you will have to come up with a more expensive method.

After all the plates are glued, you need to additionally attach the foam with dowels. To do this, a hole is drilled through the plate, which should reach the wall in length. After that, an expansion umbrella is inserted and the dowel is clogged. The umbrella should be on the same surface with the rest of the insulation plane, for this it needs to be drowned a little. This is necessary for subsequent reinforcement. Nothing complicated in installation of foam no, this is a fairly fast and reliable way to provide thermal protection for a building.

Insulation of interpanel seams

When preparing the walls, it is necessary to make sealing of interpanel seams. For this you need:

open joint.
Clean the seam from old putty, sealant and dirt.
The next step is to prepare the substrate for the new insulation. To do this, the seam is filled with mounting foam.
A heat-insulating tube is sunk into the foam that has not yet hardened.
The tube is foaming at the top. After hardening, the excess foam is cut off.
The entire joint is sealed with sealant.

When installing the insulation, it is impossible that its joints coincide with the joints of the panels. It is better to do everything with an overlap.

Reinforcement

Styrofoam does not need shield materials, like mineral wool. However, this is a fragile material, so it is covered with plaster. To do this, the insulation is reinforced, after which the iron mesh is attached to the surface with dowels.

Figure 5. External wall insulation.

For multi-storey buildings, reinforcement is done end-to-end. The overlapping process can lead to delamination of the plaster layer. As preparation for reinforcement dowel holes are created. After the mesh is stretched, pins are driven into these holes.

Padding

The reinforced surface must be primed before puttying. It is better to apply the primer in 3 layers, and plaster immediately after drying.

Plaster

Plastering and painting, allows you to hide the foam under a beautiful facade. Not a single person will notice the joints between the panels of the house or sheets of insulation. At the same time, the house will look updated, as if after a major overhaul.

Painting

Paint the plaster with waterproof paints. If the insulation budget is large enough, then you can use insulation paint to fix the material. However, this pleasure is not cheap, so you should think twice about such expenses.

Particularly difficult sections of the walls

Corners and windows are considered especially difficult areas. To insulate corners without fail sealant is used. You will have to put a high-quality double-glazed window in the window openings, and still close the end parts with foam plastic, followed by reinforcement and plaster. Do not forget that after the final finishing, the facade of the building should look like a single whole.

Panel houses have never been famous for warmth due to thin walls - both external and ceilings, therefore, apartment owners carry out insulation of a panel house from the outside at the slightest opportunity. The thermal insulation of concrete panels helps not only to make an apartment warmer in winter, but also to keep it cool in summer, so the insulation of panel houses can be considered a universal means to ensure comfort in housing. You can carry out work on your own if your apartment is not higher than the second floor - otherwise you will have to turn to industrial climbers or high-altitude builders for help.

How to insulate panel walls from the outside

Thermal insulation of the outer surface of the walls of a panel house is a much more reliable measure than insulation from the inside, and there are reasons for this:

The dew point moves towards the insulation, not the wall, and the condensate does not linger in the concrete of the panel, which, in turn, does not cause mold. Also, in winter, condensate does not freeze and does not destroy the material of the walls from the inside;
Laying insulation on the inner surfaces of the walls reduces the usable area of the room;
The layer of internal thermal insulation prevents the full heating of the walls from heating devices, which leads to the appearance of microcracks and mold, especially in corner rooms that are affected by wind and temperature loads;
The condensate that will appear as a result of this on the walls of the apartment is a direct path to the destruction of concrete and the appearance of fungal diseases of the building materials of the panel;
From the inside, it is impossible to insulate the ceilings adjacent to the walls, and in fact they serve as an excellent place where "cold bridges" appear;

Thus, it is necessary and strongly recommended to insulate the walls of a panel house only from the outside: internal insulation is an extreme measure. Insulation of the walls from the outside consists of the following working steps:

Preparation of building materials for insulation

First, choose a heater. The required materials are listed below. Demand is determined by the characteristics and cost of heaters:

Extruded polystyrene foam or polystyrene is the cheapest material (its price allows you to purchase sheets in any quantity), lightweight and retains heat well. The disadvantages that everyone knows about do not stop consumers from using foam: fire hazards and brittleness of the material. Both disadvantages are eliminated in one way - by protecting the insulation by plastering. Recommendations for use: wall insulation from the outside should be carried out with foam plastic with a density of ≥ 18 kg/m 3 ;
Mineral wool is a material more durable than XPS, absolutely environmentally friendly, non-combustible. Disadvantages: the price of this thermal insulation is higher, and when working with it, it is necessary to use PPE - gloves, goggles, a respirator, since contact with mineral wool microparticles on the skin or in the respiratory tract causes irritation. The recommended density of mineral wool is ≥ 85 kg/m 3 , the thickness of the roll (plate, mat) is ≥ 100 mm.

In addition, facade insulation will require the use of the following materials:

Construction adhesive for fixing insulation materials - dry or ready-mixed. For each type of insulation, it is recommended to use the appropriate adhesive, but there are also universal adhesives on sale;
Insulation for sealing joints between panels is polyurethane foam, less often liquid polyurethane foam;
Umbrella plastic dowels for fixing foam and mineral wool;
Priming fluids for pre-treatment of walls;
Reinforcing fiberglass or metal fine mesh;
Perforated corner - metal galvanized or aluminum;
Decorative plaster for finishing;
Finishing paint.

The volume and quantity of building materials is calculated based on the insulated wall area plus a margin of 10-15%.

Preparatory work for the walls

First, all old coatings must be removed from the walls - whitewash, paint, plaster, ceramic tiles, and other materials;
The surface is cleaned of the remaining dirt and dust, if it is clean it is carried out with water - the surface is dried;
The interpanel seams are insulated. If the seam is too thin or shallow, it is better to expand it so that it does not increase itself during operation under the already applied layer of insulation;
The seams are also cleaned of dirt and moistened, after which they are filled with construction mounting foam or filled with putty for concrete;
After the putty or foam has hardened, the protruding material is cut off or knocked down.

Fastening thermal insulation materials to walls

For more economical use of the building adhesive mixture, it is preferable to buy it not ready-made, but dry. Such glue is prepared simply - it is closed with water in the proportion indicated in the instructions, and stirred with a construction mixer;
Apply the adhesive mixture to the foam or polyurethane foam with a notched trowel. It is assumed that you have already leveled the very uneven surface of the walls with plaster. If not, apply glue on the insulation board in lumps to evenly distribute the composition under the pressure that will appear when the sheets are glued to the wall;
Gluing plates or foam sheets should start from the corner of the wall and from the bottom up;
In practice, gluing plates and insulating the walls of a panel house from the outside is done by pressing the sheet against the wall, each sheet must be controlled using the building level;
The second sheet must be glued on the opposite side of the wall, and a cord must be pulled between the sheets, along which all other sheets of insulation will be aligned. To make it easier to observe the verticality and horizontality of the rows, perforated beacon corners can be installed on the wall. They are mounted on alabaster or plaster. This is how the first row of thermal insulation of a residential panel house is mounted;
The fastening scheme of the second and subsequent rows is the same, only the rows need to be shifted relative to each other in order to prevent the formation of "cold bridges" on long seams;
If you are insulating a corner room from the outside, then it is also necessary to ensure that the plates or sheets are tied along the edge of the corner, as shown in the figure below;
Further, all the plates are additionally reinforced with umbrella dowels - five pieces per sheet or plate (one in the center, the rest at the edges). At the same time, holes are drilled in the insulation plate and in the wall to the depth of the dowel length, the hardware is inserted and expansion pins are hammered into it until the dowel head sinks into the insulation by 1-2 mm. In addition to the indicated fastening scheme, the dowels must be placed at the corners between the joints of the thermal insulation boards;
The slopes of window openings are also insulated with expanded polystyrene, only it is pre-cut to size with an ordinary knife or steel string.

Preparatory work before reinforcement

Before the panel house is finally insulated from the outside, the surface of the thermal insulation is reinforced with a fiberglass mesh. To do this, perform the following operations:

The insulated surface is leveled by plastering and rubbed with a grater. In this case, all dowel caps must be closed with a solution;
A perforated corner (aluminum or metal) is attached to the outer corners of the insulated surface and window slopes. It can be attached to the glue with which thermal insulation plates are glued, but in order not to wait a long time, it is better to take alabaster or gypsum;
The gaps between the sheets of thermal insulation are sealed with foam plastic scraps for mortar, or with mounting foam;
If all these works were carried out on top of a layer of plaster, the disturbed surfaces are plastered again. The result should be a smooth, seamless surface on which the fiberglass bonding plaster will be applied.

How to reinforce the surface of the insulation

The surface of the heat-insulating layer on the wall is reinforced as follows:

First, the mesh is attached to the slopes of the windows - mesh sections of the required size are cut, and 10-15 cm must be added to overlap the mesh on the insulated corner of the wall;
An adhesive solution with a thickness of 3-5 mm is applied to the slope, the mesh is pressed onto it, leveling and engrafting movements are made on the surface of the mesh with a spatula, as a result of which the mesh should be completely pressed into the glue. Make sure that the surface is even - without seams and sagging of the solution;
After the first layer of adhesive has dried, another layer is applied, which must also be carefully leveled with a spatula with a wide blade (300-800 mm);
After reinforcing the slopes, all walls with insulation are reinforced in the same way. The surface must be smooth so that the final layer of plaster can be applied without problems.

Primer

Before painting the insulated and reinforced surface, it is treated with deep penetration primers:

Before use, the primer is shaken or mixed with a mixer in a separate container. Then it is poured into a pallet designed to work with a paint roller;
The roller is dipped into the pallet by 1/3 and rolled out on the inclined surface of the pallet, and then the wall is primed with it. Primer runs should be avoided.
The primer is applied in at least two layers.

Plastering

Plastering with decorative plaster is a quick and easy process:

The dry mixture is closed with water and stirred according to the attached instructions;
With the help of a narrow roller, the plaster is collected on a spatula with a wide blade, it is spread from the spatula in a thin layer, which should be even. The thickness of the plaster is determined by the size of the aggregate grains in the dry mix. Usually it is 3-5 mm with a flat wall surface;
After the initial hardening of the plaster (40-60 minutes), the layer is rubbed with a special board - small, to give the surface a patterned texture.

Painting the walls of a panel house

The last stage in the insulation of the walls of a panel house is painting the walls:

Acrylic paint is thoroughly mixed and tinted in a separate container in order to capture as much of the surface as possible with one portion of staining;
They work with paint in the same way as with a primer: the roller is dipped into the pallet, the finishing movements of the roller along the wall should be in one direction;
It is necessary to distribute the paint on the wall in a very thin layer so that there are no streaks and sags;
Where the roller does not reach, tint with a narrow paint brush;

The paint is applied in two or three layers, each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has dried.

If you have dealt with buying or selling apartments, then you have noticed that buyers are not very fond of corner apartments or rooms. What is it connected with? Although in summer such an apartment is much easier to ventilate, the view from the windows opens on two or even three sides.

But there is one significant downside. Very often, with the advent of frost, residents of corner apartments suffer from insufficient heat. If the temperature outside is around zero, and the heating season has not yet begun, uncomfortable conditions are created inside such an apartment. Appears, the windows fog up, the floor becomes cold, and the bed is damp.

The main reason for this is the presence of three walls that have an exit to the outside, and therefore are most affected by low temperatures. In winter, even with central heating, the situation only gets worse.

The walls can freeze completely, especially in the corners, the interior decoration will begin to fall off, mold and fungus will appear. Being in such an apartment will not only be uncomfortable, but also not safe, especially for children. After all, they are most susceptible to the appearance of diseases, the cause of which is.

What to do in such a situation? Many try to install additional heating radiators, but this, most often, does not solve the problem or solves it, but not completely. Dampness is displaced under the ceiling, forming places where mold accumulates.

What is the right thing to do in such a situation? The best solution is to try to insulate the walls. How can I do that? How to spend? We'll try to figure it out now. What is the best way to insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside? First, let's look at what exist.

Today, the market for thermal insulation materials is extensive, represented by various products. All of them are subdivided according to the place of their installation: outside the wall or inside the room.

Each of them has both minuses and pluses. When installing any of them, you must strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions.

When buying a heat insulator, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

heat conduction;
air permeability;
waterproofing properties;
environmental Safety;
fire resistance;
operating time.

Using high-quality material, you can easily insulate the corner. What is the best insulation for the walls inside the apartment? What is the best way to insulate walls from the inside?

mineral wool

This heat insulator is the most popular, it is made from basalt fiber. It has excellent thermal insulation properties, allows good air ventilation, but does not tolerate excessive moisture. This material has a high degree of fire safety and does not emit toxic substances when exposed to direct fire.

When installing mineral wool, special guides are used, and the installation process itself does not require much effort, since the material is light and elastic. Is it possible to insulate walls with them? But over time, because of these qualities, it can lose its shape.

The environmental component is also ambiguous - the material emits a small amount of harmful gases. Some do not use it because of the significant weight received during the installation of the structure.

Styrofoam insulation

The name speaks of the process of its creation. That is, the material is created by foaming polystyrene under high pressure. The price of such material is quite affordable, it is easy to mount, install, which makes it a popular heat insulator.

It has good thermal insulation properties, it is environmentally friendly and safe. It can be used for both indoor and outdoor work. It is mounted on walls made of any material.

The process is quite simple and labor-intensive. The pluses include its huge service life. But of course there are downsides.

So, due to poor water permeability, condensate can accumulate on wooden walls, which leads to their destruction, and it is also flammable. Insulation of a concrete wall from the inside is excellently carried out using this material.

Extruded polystyrene foam

This material is the most popular insulation. It is flexible and easy to work with. The disadvantages include the difficulty in joining the sheets.

There is a material on sale in which the edge is made in the form of protrusions, which greatly facilitates installation work.

has good moisture resistance, it is light, easy to install.

Use of Styrofoam

This is an excellent material for insulating the walls of the apartment. It contains more than 95% gas, so it is an excellent heat insulator.

It is distinguished by low cost, excellent waterproofing, fire safety. Styrofoam is used at any temperature, being an environmentally friendly material.

The use of keramoizol

This is relatively new material. It is sold in containers of various sizes, as it is a liquid material. It has excellent thermal insulation properties. Keramoizol is a durable, waterproof and vapor-proof product.

During installation, several layers are applied, and for better thermal insulation - six. The layers are laid perpendicular to each other. This material has proven itself only from the best side. Its only and main disadvantage is the high price.

Penoizol insulation

Thermal insulation material - penoizol is a type of polyurethane and is used in the form of foam. The advantage is the quick installation of the material in a brick building., forming a layer of the required thickness of the heat insulator, there are no seams and joints.

Excellent heat-insulating and waterproofing properties, the material is non-flammable and environmentally friendly. But perhaps its main advantage is the low cost of work, almost two times less than when using conventional materials.

Using Astratek

Astratek is a suspension, solid particles are represented by various polymers. For application to the wall, use an airbrush or mount it manually with a paint brush. Excellent insulation, just one centimeter of the layer is similar to fifty centimeters of mineral wool slab.

It does not take up the interior space of the room, forms a flat, homogeneous surface that needs minimal processing for applying the cladding. The main deterrent to large-scale application is its high cost.

How to insulate the walls in the apartment from the inside? It's up to you to decide.

How to insulate walls in a panel and monolithic house?

How to insulate walls from the inside? How to insulate a concrete wall from the inside? How to do it right? To insulate a wall from the inside, consider a step-by-step instruction for insulating walls and partitions in a panel house from the inside.

Action algorithm:

First you need to prepare the walls. To do this, remove the furniture, clean the walls from the finishing material to the plaster. Therefore, this procedure should be combined with the repair work in your apartment;
next to be done. It is best to use special polymers, but you can also use ordinary plastic wrap. It is applied directly to the walls, the bonding points of the strips are glued. To do this, use construction tape;
then we mount the crate, you can use both wooden and metal rails. In the first case, the tree must be treated with antiseptics and fire-fighting solutions. When installing the crate, the step size must be selected depending on the insulation so as not to form gaps and voids;
then we directly lay the heat insulator, that is, we insulate the walls. It should fit into the openings between the crate. Many materials are designed in such a way that when installed they straighten and fill the entire form, this significantly reduces installation time;
mounting . By installing it, we protect our insulation from wet steam, which is always present in the apartment. In no case should these measures be neglected, since moisture will begin to accumulate in the insulation. As a result, the product will lose its properties, and all your work will be lost.

The vapor barrier film is laid without gaps and gaps, joints and cracks are treated with sealants;

installation . It is necessary to choose a material suitable for installation in residential premises. When installing sheets, it is important to follow the instructions, and then you should do the necessary procedures for installing facing materials.

How to insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside? You can insulate a corner apartment in a panel or monolithic house by following these six steps.

Installation of insulation on brick walls

How to insulate brick walls inside an apartment with your own hands? Corner walls in a brick house can be insulated using the same method as in a panel house. Therefore, we will analyze the work of installing a material made of polystyrene.

Wall insulation in the apartment from the inside:

clean the walls down to the plaster. If it is missing, then it should be applied. After that, the walls must be leveled, cracks repaired and then treated with a primer;
you need to prepare the glue according to the manufacturer's recommendations and apply it to the walls that you will insulate. In the beginning, you can use a regular spatula. It is necessary to apply glue to them on the walls, then take a notched trowel and re-walk around the entire perimeter. This is done in order to create an uneven surface of the glue. This contributes to better bonding of the insulation;
how to insulate a wall in a corner apartment from the inside? Next, we take sheets of heat insulator and begin to install them on the walls. First of all, the bottom row is laid. We tightly apply the polystyrene sheet and push it through, you can not use dowels or other fastening materials. When installing, we use a level and carefully join the edges so that cracks do not form, if necessary, cut the sheets. The next row is set so that the junction of the two sheets falls in the middle of the bottom sheet. This will give great durability to the entire structure.

Watch the surface of the insulation so that unevenness does not form, because this will bring additional difficulties during the final finishing.

after you have installed the thermal insulation, you can proceed to the finishing work. If you plan to cover the walls with drywall, then no additional work on the insulation is required. If you plan to cover it with a layer of plaster, putty, wallpaper, painting, then you need to treat it with a primer, then install a reinforcing fiber mesh. After that, you can start applying layers of plaster or putty.

By following these steps, you can insulate a corner room from the inside.

Wall insulation using the "electric floor" method

How to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside according to this method? Insulation of the apartment from the inside is carried out as follows. First of all, it is necessary to attach the "" sheets to the wall using fasteners.

After that, the sheets are connected to the electrical network of the apartment. In the most severe frost, we turn on the system and warm up the walls until they are completely dry. After that, we lay the thermal insulation to prevent heat loss. Then you can start lining the walls.

So, if you decide to insulate the walls of a corner apartment, you need to choose the material, focusing on the type of walls and the price range of the heat insulator. Then it is important to consider the method of installation and subsequent cladding.

You should also pay attention to the following aspects:

installation of insulation reduces the volume of the room;
poor quality work can lead to mold;
for a comfortable life, it is necessary to install ventilation.

By strictly adhering to the rules, you can insulate your apartment and create comfort in it. Warming the walls of the apartment from the inside is a fairly simple process.

And the inside (you can insulate the front, back, end wall) is carried out according to the instructions. An insulated corner apartment is great, because you can enjoy comfort.

Options for insulating the walls of panel houses

Modern technologies present two options for insulating the surfaces of the walls of an apartment building: from the inside and outside. Both options will solve the problem of low room temperature and rapid heat loss. In prefabricated houses, more cast-iron radiators with excellent heating qualities were installed, but due to the thinness of the walls and their direct contact with frosty air, the efficiency of radiators is significantly reduced.

Both options are suitable for this, but their implementation is radically different, so you need to determine a simpler and more economical one that you can do yourself.

External insulation

Insulation of the facade of a panel house is carried out in the following steps:

Preparatory stage

Surface preparation of the facade is necessary - the end walls of the panel house are leveled, the plates are cleaned of plaque

It is also important to seal voids, cracks, and panel joints are sealed. If necessary, it is worth laying a sealant between the joints, while a special mastic is used to seal the cracks

Roughness of the surface of the walls within two centimeters is allowed - such a deviation can not be closed. When all materials are dry, the wall is impregnated with a universal primer, which is applied using a sprayer or roller.

Insulation installation

Since in the vast majority of cases it is foam plastic that is used for thermal insulation of panel houses, it is worth considering the installation technology of this insulation. You can fix the foam using the following methods: put the plates on glue, fasten with dowels, or connect these two options, this is the most reliable choice. The direction of gluing is from bottom to top. In this case, pasting begins with the installation of the starting bar.

After that, we begin to apply glue to the surface of the panel house - the technologies used directly depend on the quality of the walls. If they are even, then you can apply glue with a comb. If, as is often the case, the walls are uneven, then the glue simply pounces onto the surface.

It is important to carefully fill the seams with glue. All this allows you to get rid of voids under the heat insulator

It is not necessary to apply glue to the foam.

The option when the glue is applied to the foam, and not to the house, is not suitable in this case, since the voids under the insulation will become natural cold bridges, which will reduce the effectiveness of the entire event as a whole.

Styrofoam is applied to the glue layer and pressed well. After gluing all the plates, you need to leave them alone for a few days. During this period, the adhesive solution will dry and shrink, after which it will be possible to perform the next stage of work. As for fixing the plates with dowels, you can choose plastic fungi. This is due to the lightness and low strength of the foam - such fasteners will save the facade from unnecessary heat loss.

As for the dowel caps, they must be covered with an adhesive mixture. All the irregularities remaining after the glue has dried can be removed with ordinary sandpaper.

Reinforcement preparation

The fragility of the foam is a serious drawback, so the insulation needs to be reinforced - it is enough to glue a thin mesh. Such protection should prevent the destruction of the foam due to atmospheric phenomena and other adverse factors.

Preparation for reinforcement is as follows: first, the corners are pasted over, after which you can proceed to pasting the walls themselves. To simplify the process, grids with ready-made corners are used, which minimizes time. If there are no such grids, then you will have to make corners from a regular grid. It is enough to cut off a long strip 30 centimeters wide and bend it at an angle - this design is pressed against the corner of the house smeared with glue. In general, cutting the mesh into fragments greatly simplifies the installation itself, which makes it possible to successively cover the areas smeared with glue with fragments. At the same time, the mesh should overlap at the junction.

After gluing the mesh, it is necessary to wait for the glue to dry, after which it remains to clean the excess solution with a plastic grater and remove irregularities.

Finishing

Before finishing, a leveling layer is applied to the entire treated facade. After that, it is necessary to apply a primer and a layer of plaster. The final step is to paint the wall, preferably in a color that will not stand out too much against the background of the main color of a multi-storey panel house.

Heaters

The modern construction market offers a frighteningly large selection of thermal insulation materials. The "ordinary" man in the street, not familiar with the specifics of the work, the head is spinning from such a variety. This is what unscrupulous sellers use, instilling the idea "the more expensive, the better." Today we will not consider all options for insulating the exterior walls of a house, but we will talk about the most inexpensive, high-quality and proven materials over the years.

Styrofoam

Among the most popular heaters, foam plastic occupies a special place. This is an inexpensive material that regularly performs the function assigned to it. It is perfect for outdoor insulation, as it provides 100% thermal insulation, regardless of air humidity and temperature changes.

This material is non-toxic and fireproof, however, a reservation should be made here. The foam itself does not burn, but melts and at the same time emits black acrid smoke, which is hazardous to health. But if you follow the safety measures, it will last a long time and faithfully. In confirmation of the words about non-toxicity and harmlessness to health, the fact that even children's goods and food products are packed in polystyrene foam.

Polyfoam is not affected by mold, fungi and insects. It does not deteriorate, does not swell and does not shrink, retaining its original shape. The service life of the material is from 20 to 50 years, depending on the quality.

External insulation of the walls of the house with foam plastic allows not only to protect the interior from the vagaries of the weather, but also transforms the house from the outside. The material creates a very convenient surface for finishing, ranging from relief plaster, ending with siding or slabs.

Working with foam plastic is quick and easy, it is enough to have basic skills and equipment.

Stages of insulation of the outer walls of the house with foam:

Prepare the walls by cleaning them of dust and dirt with a construction brush. If there are cracks and chips, repair them with plaster so that the foam sticks well.
Glue the foam plastic with a special compound on a pre-primed wall. You need to glue the sheets in a checkerboard pattern, tightly pressing against each other. To keep the material well, additionally fix it with plastic dowels.
Install fiberglass mesh over the boards. To do this, apply a thick layer of glue of 5 mm to the sheets and “drown” the mesh in it.
It remains only to plaster the surface, cover it with facade paint or perform any other finish.

Penoplex

Today you can often hear advertisements for high-quality and reliable foam insulation, which is why many believe that this is the name of the material. In fact, the material is called extruded polystyrene foam, and it is produced under the Penoplex brand.

Extruded polystyrene foam is used for internal and external insulation of houses of any type. Today it is one of the most popular materials, and this is due to its excellent performance.

Penoplex advantages:

environmental friendliness;
low thermal conductivity;
high density;
retains heat better than foam;
high strength;
high density;
low vapor permeability;
absolute fire safety (ignition temperature 500C, which is unrealistic at home);
durability;
ease of work with the material;
relatively low cost, which quickly pays off.

Unfortunately, ideal building materials do not yet exist, therefore, even with such a large list of advantages, penoplex also has disadvantages. The most obvious is poor adhesion. Since the material is very dense, it does not absorb adhesives well, so it is difficult to stick it to a vertical surface. To do this, additional fixation is made with dowels, however, most builders recommend using penoplex for internal insulation.

External insulation of the walls of the house with foam plastic is best done in the basement area, since even additional fixation of the material will not insure it from damage. In other words, it starts to fall off very quickly and spoils the appearance of the building. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe plinths, you can make a ventilation space or use an outer layer of waterproofing to prevent wetting and destruction of the adhesive layer.

Wall insulation from the inside in a corner apartment

If you have dealt with buying or selling apartments, then you have noticed that buyers are not very fond of corner apartments or rooms. What is it connected with? Although in summer such an apartment is much easier to ventilate, the view from the windows opens on two or even three sides.

But there is one significant downside. Very often, with the advent of frost, residents of corner apartments suffer from insufficient heat. If the temperature outside is around zero, and the heating season has not yet begun, uncomfortable conditions are created inside such an apartment. Dampness appears in the corners, the windows fog up, the floor becomes cold, and the bed is damp.

The main reason for this is the presence of three walls that have an exit to the outside, and therefore are most affected by low temperatures. In winter, even with central heating, the situation only gets worse.

The walls can freeze completely, especially in the corners, the interior decoration will begin to fall off, mold and fungus will appear. Being in such an apartment will not only be uncomfortable, but also not safe, especially for children. After all, they are most susceptible to the appearance of diseases caused by high humidity.

What to do in such a situation? Many try to install additional heating radiators, but this, most often, does not solve the problem or solves it, but not completely. Dampness is displaced under the ceiling, forming places where mold accumulates.

What is the right thing to do in such a situation? The best solution is to try to insulate the walls. How can I do that? How to carry out internal insulation? We'll try to figure it out now. What is the best way to insulate the walls of the apartment from the inside? First, let's look at what insulation materials exist.

Types of insulation

The choice of what material is better to insulate the walls from the outside is influenced by:

location of the panel house in a certain climatic region,
rainfall, wind strength and speed,
allocated budget for the insulation of a panel house,
other individual factors.

The estimate and project for the work is usually compiled by the management company or HOA. And the team of industrial climbers directly performs the process of warming from the outside.

For panel houses, two types of insulation are mainly used:

Mineral wool

For outdoor work, it is convenient to work with mineral wool slabs, which are produced by various manufacturers. She has good performance in terms of basic characteristics, including thermal conductivity. However, care must be taken to ensure that mineral wool does not get wet, otherwise it will lose its thermal insulation properties. To do this, a vapor-permeable membrane is laid under the insulation layer, which will protect it from vapors.

When finishing with a ventilated facade, condensate from the walls of the house will be removed due to the air gap and the membrane can be omitted.

Styrofoam

Differs in ease, simplicity when laying plates on a wall. It also has good parameters for heat and sound insulation.

For outdoor work, it is important to use a material that does not support self-combustion. Manufacturers mark it with the G1 marking, however, the results of many tests confirm that the foam is flammable, and this name does not meet the requirements of GOST 30244-94

When buying a heater, be sure to ask the seller for product certificates.

The insulation of a panel house from the outside is limited by the thickness of the insulating material. The maximum foam thickness for walls is calculated using special formulas, taking into account average temperatures in a certain climatic region and the purpose of the building (residential, public, industrial).

Insulation options

Insulation of a panel house from the outside allows you to stop the outflow of heat through the concrete. An additional layer of thermal insulation will protect against the damaging effects of external factors. On the market today you can find many materials that can be used for insulation inside or outside.

Warming inside

For a panel house, insulation from the inside will only make the situation worse. This is due to the movement of the dew point, which will move closer to the inside of the wall. In practice, this means that moisture will accumulate in the walls with even greater force - both the wall and the insulation will get wet, so the life of the facade will be significantly reduced. To avoid such a situation, and at the same time reduce the usable area of the apartment and destroy the design, it is worth giving preference to the insulation of the panel house from the outside.

Warming outside

The difficulty lies in the fact that the insulation of a panel house with a large number of floors is possible only with the help of climbing equipment. It is clear that it is almost impossible to get money to pay specialists and purchase building materials from public utilities. Moreover, an attempt to insulate the house at the expense of the residents also does not always meet with understanding among all project participants. Therefore, you can take the path of least resistance and insulate a separate apartment.

The main advantages of external insulation:

There is no need to violate the interior decoration of the premises;
The internal usable area of the apartment is preserved;
The supporting structure of the “panel” is strengthened, that is, the building is strengthened, which has a positive effect on the service life;
The insulation is an additional sound insulator;
The temperature inside the room rises at the same heating costs, since the walls are protected from freezing - heat losses through the panel box are reduced.

Installation of insulation on brick walls

Wall insulation in the apartment from the inside:

clean the walls down to the plaster. If it is missing, then it should be applied. After that, the walls must be leveled, cracks repaired and then treated with a primer;
you need to prepare the glue according to the manufacturer's recommendations and apply it to the walls that you will insulate. In the beginning, you can use a regular spatula. It is necessary to apply glue to them on the walls, then take a notched trowel and re-walk around the entire perimeter. This is done in order to create an uneven surface of the glue. This contributes to better bonding of the insulation;
how to insulate a wall in a corner apartment from the inside? Next, we take sheets of heat insulator and begin to install them on the walls. First of all, the bottom row is laid. We tightly apply the polystyrene sheet and push it through, you can not use dowels or other fastening materials. When installing, we use a level and carefully join the edges so that cracks do not form, if necessary, cut the sheets. The next row is set so that the junction of the two sheets falls in the middle of the bottom sheet. This will give great durability to the entire structure.

Watch the surface of the insulation so that unevenness does not form, because this will bring additional difficulties during the final finishing.

after you have installed the thermal insulation, you can proceed to the finishing work. If you plan to cover the walls with drywall, then no additional work on the insulation is required. If you plan to cover it with a layer of plaster, putty, wallpaper, painting, then you need to treat it with a primer, then install a reinforcing fiber mesh. After that, you can start applying layers of plaster or putty.

By following these steps, you can insulate a corner room from the inside.

The method of work on the insulation of walls from the inside

Glue-foam is best suited for gluing foam boards.

Heaters in the apartment on concrete walls are fastened from the inside under false plasterboard walls. If you took the path of least resistance and chose stone wool or, in extreme cases, foam plastic as thermal insulation, then there should not be any difficulties in the work. How to insulate a corner apartment in a panel house:

installation of structures made of metal profiles;
laying under the thermal insulation guides on glue - you need to create a monolithic screen, so there should be no gaps at the joints;
sheathing of a metal structure with plasterboard.

On drywall after it is puttied, you can glue any finish: tiles, wallpaper, decorative stones, papier-mâché, or just paint. There are situations when it blows strongly from the corners. In this case, the question arises of how to insulate the corners in a panel house? Alternatively, you can simply blow them out with mounting foam from the inside or cover the joints of the plates with sealant. This should help, but if capital measures are needed, then it is necessary to insulate the interpanel seams from the outside. There is a technique called "Warm Seam". It involves cleaning the seam from all contents, filling it with special polyurethane foam, Vilaterma gasket and sealing the seam with mastic.

Materials for wall insulation of panel houses from the outside

Today's market for thermal insulation materials is huge, but there are products that are deservedly considered classics. thermal insulation of a panel house from the outside
.

Among these materials are:

mineral wool;
sandwich panels;
Styrofoam.

We will analyze each of the options separately in order to understand what advantages this or that type of insulation brings.

Mineral wool

Mineral or stone wool
commonly referred to as insulation based on extruded stone chips. The point of using stone is that a foamy slab with stable walls is obtained. The interior space is plates
90% filled with air. Today, air is the material with the lowest thermal conductivity. Therefore, all heaters include air.

In total, there are three types of mineral wool:

Basalt mineral wool on a synthetic binder. This is the most popular option. If you hear someone talking about mineral wool, then most likely this type of insulation is meant. Mats made of this material are loved by all heating engineers for ease of installation, low cost and good thermal insulation performance. However, basalt wool is rarely used to insulate facade houses, since its installation requires a frame that needs to be thermally insulated separately so that cold bridges do not appear.
Glass wool. Used everywhere for insulation in the last century. Now it is completely unsuitable as a heater: it constantly crumbles, quickly falls off and is extremely dangerous in installation. When installing basalt mineral wool slabs
enough to use a respirator. To install glass wool blocks, you will have to protect the whole body. In addition, the thermal insulation characteristics of the material are very mediocre.
Mineral wool based on cellulose. The name speaks for itself. This is a flammable insulation made from foamed paper residues. The main advantage that manufacturers are trying to cling to is environmental friendliness. But the insulation copes with its task poorly, and therefore there is no particular point in using it.

Sandwich panels

Sandwich panels are used primarily due to the possibility of quick installation. By itself, the panel is a heater sandwiched between two layers of structural material. Acts as a heater:

Foamed polyurethane. High-quality, but expensive material. It is unprofitable to use it to insulate the facade of an apartment building. But a sandwich panel with such a heater is perfect for a private house.
Mineral wool. This insulation has already been mentioned earlier, all its properties are transferred here completely. The use of sandwich panels protects the mineral wool board from precipitation, facilitating installation.
Styrofoam. These are the most popular sandwich panels. The insulation used makes them light and quite effective.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam
- this is the most popular material in Russia for the insulation of building facades. The undoubted advantage of this insulation is that it is absolutely not affected by moisture, when the basalt mineral wool slab eventually turns into tatters. As a rule, the service life of such a heater does not exceed 10 years. Styrofoam manufacturers guarantee 30 to 50 years of service.

Styrofoam is attached to the facade with dowels
or special glue. And most often both methods are combined to create a reliable fastening.

What you need to work on the insulation of a room in an apartment building

Insulation work will require due skill and attention, but it is easy to cope with this if you clearly follow the technology and have the necessary tools at hand. Here is a list of what you might need:

construction stapler;
mounting foam;
sealant gun;
screwdriver;
puncher or powerful drill;
construction knife;
stairs or goats;
a hammer;
self-tapping screws for metal;
metal corners;
liquid level;
thread;
sickle;
putty knife;
liquid nails for outdoor work;
plastic fungi for fixing foam;
vapor barrier film.

The specified list may be wider depending on the installation method, but you can easily get by with what is listed. With everything you need, you can get to work. Remember that it is better to ventilate the room well, and carry out noisy work only at the permitted time of the day in order to avoid conflicts with neighbors.

materials

According to their technical characteristics, work on the installation of a heat-saving coating in a panel house from the inside is carried out from the following common materials:

mineral wool;
extruded;
polyurethane foam;
foil (reflective) thermal insulation;
insulation paint.

When installing a light insulating wall cladding without sewing on top with strong sheets of insulation slab (polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, stone basalt wool), they are simply hidden with a layer of plaster:

An important criterion for selection is the incombustibility of the material and environmental safety, since it is installed indoors.

You can compare the indicators that this or that thermal insulation has, according to the table:

Roll materials

It belongs to the popular options for insulation, because it has a number of undeniable advantages:

Easily cut into pieces of desired size.
Repeats the shape of the surface (fitting density).
It is vapor-permeable enough not to use additional membranes in the design.
Does not burn, unlike polymers, does not form toxic smoke when heated.
Resistant to the effects of microorganisms.

It is produced in the form of rolls, stitched mats and plates. Of all the types of this material, stone basalt wool is preferable.

Foil foamed polyethylene is used to reflect infrared radiation and create a barrier to water vapor. Heat rays practically do not penetrate to the surfaces hidden under the finishing cladding of sheet coatings, so it makes little sense to install reflective insulation in the walls.

It can be used as a protection of mineral wool from a damp wall, additional sound insulation, vibration damping.

Natural cork is used for high-quality internal insulation of small thickness on panel walls. This is the most environmentally friendly heat insulator. The performance characteristics include high strength, low thermal conductivity, low weight, durability, elasticity. For more information on which insulation is better, see this video:

foam boards

The technology for insulating the walls of a panel house from the inside with even rigid foamed polymer plates includes careful preparation of the mounting plane. Unresolved wall deflections will create voids in which condensate will accumulate.

The plates are laid out with a run-up on a layer of glue, the use of anchor umbrellas in this case is not recommended (through passages for cold). Each joint is sealed with sealant. Another method of fastening is to lay it between a T-profile fixed to the ceiling and to the floor.

The thickness of the material will depend on the climate zone. In the calculation, you can use the following initial data:

Liquid formulations

Applying a layer of foamed polyurethane requires special equipment and frame installation. Works are carried out by specialists with practical experience. The strength of the hardened foam is low and it is covered with a protective lining (GKL, plywood). For more details see this video:

Liquid types of insulation include the achievement of modern science - special paints. They are expensive and require careful application technology (thickness and sequence of layers, direction of brush movement). If the instructions are violated, the thermal resistance of such a coating is sharply reduced.

The thermal insulation properties of concrete panel houses leave much to be desired, since they are very hot in summer and cold in winter, which leads to an increase in energy consumption for heating. This problem can be solved by thermal insulation of the walls, however, this issue must be approached competently. Therefore, further I will tell you how to properly insulate a panel house.

Do-it-yourself installation

By following the steps in stages, you can achieve the perfect result. Begin:

Glue (liquid nails) is abundantly applied to the surface of the wall and the foam panel, and then they are tightly pressed against each other. We carry out such actions with each panel, placing the next one exactly in the groove with the previous end side. This also applies to the side segments and those on top. Penoplex is easily cut with a knife, so where the whole panel does not fit, it is carefully cut and inserted into the space

It is important to cut exactly to size in order to leave a minimum of gaps and lay them exactly in the end.
You can also fasten the panels with the help of wall anchors and plastic fungi, for this, holes are made in the walls and fasteners are driven into them right through the attached foam. This method is very noisy, so we recommend the first option.
All joints between panels, walls, floors and ceilings are coated with sealant

This is necessary to ensure maximum thermal insulation.
The tighter the foam is pressed against the wall surface, the better its insulating properties, so do not spare glue or anchors.
This installation option provides for the final finishing with plaster. After the sealant dries, the entire plane of the wall is covered with putty and leveled. If desired, further strengthen the layer - a special mesh (serpyanka) can be smeared into the plaster.
After the final leveling, the putty must be allowed to dry, and then primed, thereby preparing its surface for painting or wallpapering.

A vapor barrier film must be stretched over the foam and guides to isolate the formation of moisture inside the wall. Its installation is carried out with the help of plastic fungi through the foam.
We fix drywall to vertical and horizontal rails using self-tapping screws.
Further, as in the previous instructions, he putty, leveling and priming the surface.

Installation is not at all difficult. The main thing is to stick to technology, then the work will be done quickly and efficiently. After finishing, you will immediately feel that the apartment has become much warmer and drier, even if it is an end one. This is because the insulation helped keep warm air from touching the surface of the cold walls. Therefore, if heating is not due to batteries, but to underfloor heating, they can be turned on less often, thereby saving on utility costs.

Method "Warm seam" for sealing interpanel joints.

Last time we dealt with that in various ways. Today we will tell you everything about the insulation of a panel house from the outside: what materials are used, what glue is better to fix them on, what methods are available. It has been repeatedly observed that a lot of offices do outright hack work, the results of which are deplorable. Either thermal insulation does not work, or it disappears altogether, especially on the upper floors, where wind gusts are very significant. Sometimes, even if everything is done according to technology, it’s just scary to look at the result - everything is crooked, ugly, not like people’s. Therefore, everything has to be controlled, to delve into the nuances, to ask questions. Yes, it irritates the workers, but that's their problem. The main thing is a high-quality result - without compromise.

Panel houses have always been considered not too “warm”, since the internal and external walls in them are rather thin. It is for this reason that the insulation of the walls of a panel house from the outside is a very popular service. Thermal insulation of concrete panels will allow the apartment to retain heat well in the winter cold, as well as keep the air cool in the summer. So the thermal insulation of panel houses is a universal tool that allows you to increase the degree of comfort in your home. Work can be done on your own, but this is only possible if the apartment is located on the first or second floor of the building. If housing is located higher, it will not be possible to do without the help of specialists. Such services are provided by high-rise builders or industrial climbers.

Insulation of panel walls from the facade

Thermal insulation of the facade surface of the walls of a house built from panels is a much more reasonable measure than internal thermal insulation. And that's why:

Expert opinion

Konstantin Alexandrovich

Ask an expert

From the foregoing, we can conclude that it is advisable to insulate the walls of a house from panels from the outside. Insulation from the inside is used only if other options for some reason cannot be implemented.

Varieties of insulation

The following indicators influence the process of choosing a suitable material for wall insulation:

The estimate of materials and the project of the planned work are most often ordered by the house management company or homeowners association. The works on thermal insulation of the facade are carried out by a team of professional climbers.

For use in panel houses, the following types of insulating materials are most often used:

mineral wool

Mineral wool slabs are a very convenient material for outdoor facade insulation work. It is produced under different brands, but the main characteristics of the material from different manufacturers differ insignificantly. The material has a low thermal conductivity, but care must be taken to ensure that the material does not become wet. If this happens, its ability to insulate heat will be significantly reduced. To avoid this problem, a special membrane is laid under the insulating layer, which will be responsible for steam removal.

If a ventilated facade is used to finish the building, moisture vapor will be quickly removed by the air flow penetrating into the gap between the wall itself and the insulation. In this situation, there is no need to lay the membrane layer.

Styrofoam

The material is lightweight, the plates are easily attached to the wall surface. The parameters of heat and noise insulation are at a high level. For outdoor work, only the type of insulator that is not capable of spontaneous combustion can be used. On this type of expanded polystyrene, the G1 marking should be applied, which denotes low-combustible materials. Sadly, not all types of foam on the market are actually non-flammable. Therefore, when purchasing material for insulation, it is necessary to clarify whether the products are certified in accordance with the requirements of GOST.

With external insulation of a panel house, there are restrictions on the thickness of the material for thermal insulation that can be used in work. This indicator is derived through complex calculations that include the average temperature index of the climatic region, and also take into account the type of house - an industrial building, office or residential building.

seams

A significant part of the useful heat inside the panel house can be lost through the interpanel seams. You can solve the problem by processing them. The distance between the ends of the plates is filled with a monolithic mortar, which easily eliminates cracks and cavities in the seams, increasing the efficiency of thermal insulation of the entire structure. Mixtures suitable for processing interpanel joints in concrete houses can be sold both in a form that is completely suitable for use, and for self-preparation of solutions. These compositions may contain expanded polystyrene granules in their structure, capable of retaining heat flow, or air particles to protect against the penetration of cold air from outside.

With a large inter-seam distance, it can be filled with a soft texture insulating fiber. Mineral wool, which has proven itself in external work, can serve as such.

List of its most important qualities:

Fragments of mineral wool fibers are highly volatile and contain formaldehyde components. The combination of these factors does not allow the use of such material for insulating the seams of a panel house everywhere. The best practicality for such work is stone wool. This insulation does not pose a risk to human health and has a stronger fiber structure.

Stages of arranging the insulation of an apartment building from panels

High-quality installation of insulation material is the key to its long service life. Installation quality indicators can depend on many factors. One of the important factors is the type of material to which the insulation will be attached. Most often, special glue for construction or specialized dowel fasteners are used. There are also combined mounting options. The process of warming takes more than one day, because you need to wait for the complete drying of one or another material before proceeding to the next stage of warming.

ADVICE! The best time for arranging wall insulation is the summer months and the beginning of autumn, that is, it is better to complete all work before the onset of the rainy season. The number of people who want to improve the thermal insulation characteristics of their apartments is only multiplying from year to year. It is for these reasons that this important issue is best resolved in advance. In organizations with extensive experience in such work, all days are scheduled ahead for at least a few months.

Insulation laying

The surface to be insulated must be smeared with an adhesive composition, which is applied either with a special spatula with teeth, or laid out with cakes. If you press on it with a plate of insulation, the solution is distributed evenly in the space between the wall and the insulation. Laying rows is carried out in the direction from top to bottom according to the principle of brickwork. Each slab is level with the horizon. Vertical alignment is performed by beacons or by pulling between opposite fragments of a vertical thread.

To increase the reliability of the connection of foam plates with the wall, the insulation is fixed not only to glue, but also to special dowels. 5 fasteners are enough for each insulator plate. The tops of the fasteners should be slightly pressed into the surface of the insulation. When an apartment located on the corner of a building is insulated, the inter-plate joint is also insulated. To exclude the appearance of inconsistencies and the formation of cracks, the rows are alternated in the corner zone.

If gaps nevertheless form between the foam plates, they are closed with scraps of insulating material and fixed with an adhesive solution. Existing corners are closed with a perforated corner, aluminum or metal. Attach it to a solution of glue, alabaster or plaster. The heat-insulated surface remains only to wipe and cover with a layer of plaster. It should be as smooth as possible, since a fiberglass reinforcing mesh will still be laid on top.

Reinforcing mesh installation

On the insulation material it is necessary to apply a layer of glue, 0.5 cm thick. It will absorb the reinforcing mesh while fixing it. The mesh is needed in order to hold the plaster layer, so the installation is carried out with maximum attention and concentration. It is better to fix a large and solid piece of material at once, leaving room for window openings. An adhesive layer is applied on top again. It must be completely dry before you start leveling it.

Finishing

The process of thermal insulation of the panel house wall from the outside is completed by priming and plastering the surface. The primer layer is applied twice, it is convenient to do this with a roller. When the primer is dry, the first thin coat of plaster can be applied. An hour later, it dries up, then it is overwritten, and the surface is given a certain texture using a special textured roller. After that, the main stage of work is considered completed. It remains only to paint the insulated surface in the desired color. The paint is based on acrylic. If the installation technology is performed flawlessly, the external insulation will last at least 10 years.

Thermal insulation of the facade is a laborious and expensive process. But it has a number of undeniable advantages, which are much more important than the time and financial costs. This is the creation of comfort and warmth in your own home.

Finally

All methods of warming are good in their own way. The main thing is to strictly adhere to the recommendations for the use and installation of a particular insulator. If you do not consider yourself a specialist in this field, then for the production of such work it is better to use the services of construction organizations. Such firms have all the necessary licenses, have practical knowledge, and high-level specialists work there. They will be able to quickly and efficiently perform all work with a guarantee.

Video about the insulation of the outer wall of an apartment in a panel house

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