Scheme of an electric lighter for gas. Multi-spark ignition for a gas stove. Chinese electric lighter, its advantages and disadvantages

Today we will consider Chinese gas lighters powered by AA batteries. The price of such devices does not exceed $1 (in some cases, no more than $0.5). Such lighters have a fully electronic filling. Inside you can find a compact board on which several components are located.

The gas lighter circuit consists of two main parts:

1. Voltage transformer;
2. high voltage coil.

These lighters are designed to work with one or two finger-type batteries with a voltage of 1.5 volts. It can work for a long time on one AA battery, with two batteries you should not turn it on for a long time. During operation, an air sample of no more than 0.5 cm is formed at the outlet. The output voltage of the circuit is about 6-7 kV.

The boost converter consists of only three components:

• Transistor;
• limiting resistor;
• step up transformer.

Scheme of an electronic lighter

The circuit is a blocking generator. An increased voltage of about 50 volts is formed on the secondary winding. Often in such circuits, a bipolar transistor of the S8550D series (p-n-p, 25 V, 1.5 A) is used. Then the voltage is rectified. The PCR606J thyristor (600 V, 0.6 A) operates in the key mode, delivers short-term pulses to the primary winding of the high-voltage coil. The coil itself is sectional, the resistance of the secondary winding is about 355-365 ohms. The winding is wound with copper wire, diameter is around 0.05 mm. The primary winding is wound on a ferrite core and consists of 15 turns, wire 0.4 mm.

Possible causes of device malfunction

• The cause of a circuit malfunction may be primarily a faulty thyristor. It can be replaced with a similar one, for example - MCR2208.
• The second reason for a circuit malfunction may be in the transistor. During operation, it can fail for various reasons. It is advisable to replace the transistor with a more powerful one - kt815/817, although low-power ones - KT315 or, even better, KT3102, can be used.
• Rarely, a circuit can fail due to a diode. The fact is that in some circuits of lighters for gas, a conventional rectifier diode is used, but recently in almost all devices you can see a pulse diode of the FR107 series.

Scheme of a homemade ignition transformer, a source of sparks for the burner and more. (10+)

High-voltage ignition transformer, ignition block, do-it-yourself source of sparks

The first time I assembled this circuit, I was pushed by a malfunction of the high-voltage ignition transformer in a diesel burner. It was possible to purchase purchased, but I wanted to experiment. Subsequently, I began to use this circuit everywhere for: igniting a manual gas burner, igniting the flame of an old gas stove (the ignition also burned out), igniting a home-made burner using used oil, obtaining high voltage for experiments, etc. The device turned out to be very successful, simple and reliable .

Schematic diagram, design of the ignition transformer

Unfortunately, errors occur periodically in articles, they are corrected, articles are supplemented, developed, new ones are being prepared.

A simple high-voltage converter, at the output of which a high voltage is generated in the form of electrical discharges. The voltage of these discharges can reach several tens of thousands of volts, but the current strength is too small, so such a lighter does not pose any danger. Previously, when such lighters were just beginning to come into fashion, they had a fairly powerful circuit, high-voltage discharges were palpable, but over time they began to be "weakened" and people did not buy, because the gas did not ignite from a series of low-power discharges. But the electronics engineer knows that there are no unnecessary things, that day he bought as many as 5 of these lighters.

ELECTRIC LIGHTER FOR GAS OWN HANDS

Electric lighters were purchased exclusively for experiments with the circuit. We do not need the case, so we can throw it away. Lighters are easy to disassemble. Now we will begin to consider the device diagram, and then move on to introductory experiments.

Piezo

Piezo lighter device.

The principle of ignition based on the piezoelectric effect (from the Greek ?? - piezo - I press). This phenomenon, discovered by the brothers Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880, is that when single crystals of certain substances are squeezed, electric charges arise on their faces. Such a single crystal replaces flint in the design of the lighter.
The piezo element in a lighter is a small quartz crystal endowed with piezoelectric properties. When voltage is applied to a crystal, the crystal lattice deforms and the dimensions of the crystal change. This is called the direct piezoelectric effect. Conversely, when a quartz crystal is stretched or compressed, stress is formed on its surface. This phenomenon is called the inverse piezoelectric effect. A weak blow to a quartz crystal located in a lighter generates a voltage of several hundred volts. This is how an electrical breakdown occurs, and a spark jumps between the electrodes. The gas ignites.
By the way, a piezo lighter is a science-intensive product, the brainchild of high technologies of the second half of the 20th century, and is a kind of mini-power station ... in the palm of your hand. In fact, isn't it a miracle when pressing a finger on a key with a force of only 20-30 N is directly converted into a high voltage of 10-20 thousand volts? Moreover, it is an almost inexhaustible source of energy, the service life of the piezoelectric elements of such a mechanism is at least 12 years!

These lighters do not need energy sources or other consumables (except gas of course).
Piezoelectricity is generated in an innovative process that does not use standard electrical wires. Instead, the spark is produced by natural forces. The piezo igniter is very reliable.
Piezoelectricity does not use electrical connections, although many devices use wires to produce a spark at a specific location. To ignite in such devices, you usually need to press a button.

Do-it-yourself electric lighter from a light bulb

They are quite effective, easy to use, durable and require minimal maintenance.
Piezo lighters tend to last much longer than mechanical lighters. The secret of their longevity lies in the absence of friction elements. However, if something happened to the piezoelectric element, you will not be able to fix it. No cleaning will help him, "amateur" will kill the lighter completely. Note, however, that the failure of the piezoelectric element is a very rare phenomenon.
In addition, piezo lighters are not threatened by gas leakage, which, unfortunately, often happens with flint ones. Of course, we are talking here exclusively about high-quality piezo lighters from reliable manufacturers, and not about black market products.

Lighters for gas, assembled according to the scheme in fig. 4.60 has been running for several dozen now, and they all work flawlessly.

do-it-yourself electronic lighter

The design of lighters is simple, does not contain scarce parts, and is easy to set up. The peculiarity of the circuit is that it is powered by AC voltage directly from the network through capacitor C1 and resistor R1. Diode VD1 in this circuit operates in reverse voltage avalanche breakdown mode, i.e. is, in fact, a high-speed zener diode, paired with a thyristor VS1 is an analogue of a dinistor (for example, two KN102V dinistors connected in series can be switched on instead).

The diode VD2 protects the thyristor VS1 from the reverse voltage of the self-induction winding I of the transformer T1 and improves the operation of the generator. The generator generates short pulses with a frequency of several hundred hertz, which are then induced in the winding II of the transformer T1 up to 10 kV and break through the arrester.

Transformer T1 - without a core, wound on a coil of nylon (plexiglass, fluoroplastic) with a diameter of 8 mm and consists of three sections, each of which is 9 mm wide. It is convenient to use ready-made nylon sewing bobbins for T1 by gluing them together. First, the winding II is wound - 3 × 1000 turns with a PETV or PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.12 mm. The input end of the wire in each section must be carefully insulated with fluoroplastic tubes or varnished cloth, otherwise insulation breakdown will occur.

The entire T1 coil is waxed in a water bath for several minutes. Then winding II in each section is wrapped with 2-3 layers of electrical tape and winding I is laid on top of the insulation - 3 × 10 turns with PEV-2 wire with a diameter of 0.45 mm. Resistor R1 is selected with a rating in the range of 12 ... 16 kOhm. Diodes VD1 - D219A, D220, D223; VD2 - KD102A, KD105, D226B. Thyristor VS1 - KU101E, G, you can also KU102, KU201, KU202 with a reverse voltage of at least 150 V. It is convenient to use a MP type microswitch as a button. Capacitors C1 and C2 are of the MBM type. K73 and others for a voltage of at least 160 V.

The arrester in the presented gas lighter is a paired insulated wire with steel or copper conductors, which is placed inside a metal tube.

The tube at the end is drilled under the window. The wire is fixed at the outlet with epoxy glue. Establishing a lighter comes down to selecting a VD1 diode until reliable generation occurs. With tweezers, the electrodes of the arrester wire are shifted or moved apart to the optimum distance and the formation of a powerful spark. The latter, of course, is done in a lighter turned off from the network. Sometimes it is still necessary to select the capacity C2. The body of the lighter can be any case, for example, from a toothbrush.

1 3711 Help

lighter

Before starting the article, I want to say that the article is completely printed for beginner radio amateurs. There will be two such articles, and both of them were created to get acquainted with the scheme and operation of the Chinese electric lighter.

I could not buy them for a long time, as if one day they disappeared from the shelves. Recently there was another shopping trip, and finally I managed to find a place where they sold such lighters for only half a dollar apiece. Now many will not understand me, think, a lighter for gas ... But such electric lighters are a real find for a radio amateur, you will see for yourself. We will look at the designs of simple and useful devices based on an electric gas lighter - you have not seen anything like this yet, so make coffee and get comfortable, let's go!

So, for starters, let's understand what kind of lighter we are talking about and what it is. Such electric lighters have disappeared for one simple reason - they are not effective. The lighter has an electronic filling.

A simple high-voltage converter, at the output of which a high voltage is generated in the form of electrical discharges. The voltage of these discharges can reach several tens of thousands of volts, but the current strength is too small, so such a lighter does not pose any danger. Previously, when such lighters were just beginning to come into fashion, they had a fairly powerful circuit, high-voltage discharges were palpable, but over time they began to be "weakened" and people did not buy, because the gas did not ignite from a series of low-power discharges. But the electronics engineer knows that there are no unnecessary things, that day he bought as many as 5 of these lighters. Electric lighters were purchased exclusively for experiments with the circuit. We do not need the case, so we can throw it away. Lighters are easy to disassemble. Now we will begin to consider the device diagram, and then move on to introductory experiments.

The insides are shown in the photographs. The electric lighter is powered by one AA battery (although spark generation will also be from 1 volt). The oscillator is assembled on a low-power transistor, the voltage after the first transformer is 43 volts. Further, this voltage is rectified by a pulsed diode and accumulated in a capacitor.

The circuit also contains a low-power thyristor, which acts as a breaker, supplying short-term pulses to the second transformer. The second transformer is sectional, in the primary winding it has 10 turns of 0.4 mm wire. The secondary winding is wound in sections, each section has 230 turns. Such a system works flawlessly. Now let's think about where you can use this stuffing?

Do-it-yourself electronic devices for everyday life

There are many schemes of similar devices on the Internet and periodicals.
For example:
1. "Radio amateur", N1 / 93, p. 26, "Gas lighter".
2. "Radio", N1/92, p.19, "Electronic match".
Article Electric lighter for gas

The principle of operation of this device is simple - converting direct voltage into high-voltage high-frequency to produce a spark.
But as practice has shown, the main problem in the manufacture of an electric lighter is a high-voltage transformer: firstly, it has very high requirements regarding the quality of the insulation, and secondly, it must also be as small as possible.

These requirements are met by the scheme below: a ready-made transformer, TVS-70P1, is used here. This is a horizontal transformer that was used in portable black-and-white TVs (such as "Youth" and the like). In the diagram, it is indicated as T2 (only a pair of windings is used).

The proposed circuit allows you to remove the dependence of the voltage supplied to the high-voltage coil on the threshold of operation of the dinistor (they are most often used), as is implemented in previously published circuits.
The circuit consists of a self-oscillator based on transistors VT1 and VT2, which increases the voltage to 120 ... 160 V using a transformer T1 and a thyristor start circuit VS1 on the elements VT3, C4, R2, R3, R4. The energy accumulated on the capacitor C3 is discharged through the T2 winding and an open thyristor.

As for the T1 transformer: it is made on an annular ferrite magnetic circuit M2000NM1 of size K16x10x4.5 mm. Winding 1 contains 10 turns, 2 - 650 turns with PELSHO-0.12 wire.
For other details: capacitors: C1, SZ type K50-35; C2, C4 type K10-7 or similar small-sized.
Diode VD1 can be replaced with KD102A, B.

:: ELECTRIC LIGHTER::

S1 - microswitch type PD-9-2.
Any thyristor can be used, with an operating voltage of at least 200 V.
Transformers T1 and T2 are attached to the board with glue.

The device is made on a printed circuit board and can be placed even in an empty pack of cigarettes

The discharge chamber is located between two rigid wires with a diameter of 1...2 mm at a distance of 80...100 mm from the housing. The spark between the electrodes passes at a distance of 3 ... 4 mm.
The circuit consumes a current of no more than 180 mA, and the battery life is enough for more than two hours of continuous operation, however, continuous operation of the device for more than one minute is not desirable due to the possible overheating of the VT2 transistor (it does not have a radiator).
When setting up the device, it may be necessary to select elements R1 and C2, as well as change the polarity of turning on winding 2 at transformer T1. It is also desirable to carry out tuning with uninstalled R2: check the voltage on the capacitor C3 with a voltmeter, and then install the resistor R2 and, by monitoring the voltage with an oscilloscope on the anode of the thyristor VS1, make sure that there is a process of discharging the capacitor C3.
The discharge of SZ through the winding of the transformer T2 occurs when the thyristor is opened. A short pulse to open the thyristor is generated by the VT3 transistor when the voltage across the capacitor C3 rises to more than 120V.

The device can also find other applications, for example, as an air ionizer or an electroshock device, since a voltage of more than 10 kV appears between the spark gap electrodes, which is quite enough to form an electric arc. With a small current in the circuit, this voltage is not life-threatening.

Lighter for gas stove

Despite the emergence of more and more advanced types of stoves, gas stoves are the most common in everyday life. This is due to the fact that gas appliances are not too demanding on the dishes used in cooking, the burners are resistant to mechanical stress and temperature changes. Gas burners heat up quite quickly, which allows you to cook food quickly.

Lighting matches are not the most convenient option, because they often run out of time and leave burn marks on the dishes. It is much more convenient to use a lighter for a gas stove. A lighter is a portable device for extracting fire. Most models of stove lighters are equipped with an elongated spout that allows you to light the oven or burner with dishes standing on it.

Types of gas stove lighters

Household gas lighters

This type of lighter is powered by a gas cartridge mounted in the body of the product. The device can also be successfully used to kindle fireplaces and bonfires. Connoisseurs consider cigarette lighters to be the best devices for kindling a gas stove. The design provides for a canister with liquefied propane-butane. At the same time, this lighter is easy to refuel on your own from commercially available containers.

Electric stove lighter

The electric lighter for the gas stove is powered by a 220V socket. The principle of its operation is based on the closing - opening of the electrical circuit by the rod under the influence of an electromagnetic field. When you press the button, a rather powerful spark discharge is created. The electric arc instantly ignites the gas. Such a device has a number of advantages: ease of use, durability, instant gas ignition. But there are also disadvantages: attachment to a source of electricity, the inability to use the device in the absence of electricity.

Wiring diagram of a simple gas lighter

In addition, when using an electric lighter, dangerous situations often arise when the electrical wire gets into the burner flame, which can cause a short circuit.

Piezo lighter for gas stove

The principle of operation of a piezo lighter is based on the occurrence of a current at the ends of a piezo crystal as a result of its compression. Many note that they did not immediately adapt to kindling the burner with a piezo lighter, since its discharge is rather weak. In order to successfully ignite the flame, the place where the spark appears in the device should be placed from the burner at a flame distance, then the gas, mixed with air, will easily ignite from a spark discharge. A significant advantage of a piezoelectric stove lighter is that it works regardless of the power supply, and the safety of the device is ensured due to the absence of an electric cord.

Electronic lighter for gas stove

The electronic lighter is battery operated, which makes it safe to use. The device is a pulse converter with a step-up transformer. When the button is pressed, a lot of fairly weak sparks are released, but they may well ignite the flame of the burner. This type of lighter is considered very convenient to use. Just do not touch the divider of the device, as the ingress of moisture, fat-perspiration substances and dirt can disrupt its operation.

More modern models of gas stoves are equipped with electric ignition of the burners, which eliminates the need to use matches and lighters, but only if the power supply is not interrupted in the house.

Modern gas stoves or gas hobs are equipped with electric ignition.

The electric ignition of gas stoves and hobs is switched on at the moment of turning the gas supply knob to the selected burner or by briefly pressing the electric ignition button.

You hear a click generated by the discharge of the electrode on the mass of the burner. At this moment, you can see a spark, like lightning, but in miniature.

Discharge after discharge follows at intervals of one second, until the gas supply knob is released.

If you have an electric ignition button, the number of electric ignition discharges is equal to the number of pressing the electric ignition button.

Accordingly, the frequency of discharges in manual mode is equal to the frequency of pressing the button. The discharge is the cause of ignition (ignition) of the incoming gas into the selected burner.

Do-it-yourself electric ignition repair. But since the spark generation circuit is powered by the mains (electricity), the ignition has acquired the name of electric ignition.

In the case when sparking occurs in automatic mode, such electric ignition is also called electronic.

Two options for electric ignition:

1. By pressing and releasing the electric ignition button, a single spark occurs (at the moment the button is released).
2. By pressing the gas supply knob on the burner, continuous sparking occurs at a frequency of one second.

Options for electric ignition circuits:

1. The first option (Fig. 3) is based on the manual charge-discharge of the storage capacitor. Works like this:

(r1- 3.9k, c1- 2.2uFX600V, d1- 1N4007) Connected circuit as follows:

Diode d1 is supplied with mains voltage (Fig. 3.1).

By pressing the electric ignition button, you apply the mains voltage to the capacitor c1 (Fig. 3.2). The capacitor is charging.

At the moment the button is released, the contact of the capacitor c1 (Fig. 3.2) is connected to the transformer t1, through the contact (Fig. 3.3).

The reverse process occurs - the discharge of the capacitor through the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer t1.

On the secondary winding of the transformer (Fig.3.t1-1) and (Fig.3.t1-2) an output voltage of about 10 kilovolts is formed. A spark is formed.

Pressing and releasing the button repeats the process. The transformer terminals (Fig.3.t1-1) and (Fig.3.t1-2) on (Fig.1 and Fig.2) are marked with number 1.

The conclusion (Fig. 3.1) corresponds to numbers 5 and 2 (Fig. 2). The conclusion (Fig. 3.2) corresponds to numbers 7 and 3 (Fig. 2). The conclusion (Fig. 3.3) corresponds to numbers 6 and 4 (Fig. 2).

2. The second option (Fig. 4) is based on the electronic control of the charge-discharge mode of the storage capacitor. Works like this:

(r1- 300 ohm, c1- 2.2 MkfX600V, d1- 1N4007, d2- 1N4007, d3- 1N4007, r2-1.5 kΩ, r3-30 kΩ, s1-ku202n,)

When you press the electric ignition button, the charge-discharge occurs automatically.

Automatic mode depends on the circuit design of the electric ignition.

The circuit works as follows: with a positive half-wave of the mains voltage, capacitor C1 is charged through D2 and D3, with a negative half-wave through D1, the cathode S1 is connected to the “negative” half-wave, and through the resistor R3, a control current is supplied to the control electrode of the thyristor.

Do-it-yourself electric ignition repair. The thyristor opens, capacitor C1 is discharged to a high voltage transformer, which induces an ignition spark.

An output voltage of about 10 kilovolts is formed on the secondary winding of the transformer. While holding the gas supply knob down,The process is repeated at a frequency of 50 Hz, or roughly one spark per second.

Electric ignition is more common four and six-channel (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) number 1 indicates the taps for connecting the electrodes on which you observe sparking.

In other words, we have four ignition electrodes or six electrodes. The number of electrodes depends on the number of secondary windings of the step-up transformer.

If there are two windings, then we have four outputs for four electrodes.If there are three windings of the step-up transformer, we have six outputs for six electrodes.

Electric ignition, which allows you to connect six electrodes, is usually used in gas stoves of a single design with an oven. And as a result, two of the six available electrodes are in the oven and are used to ignite the gas in the oven.

The appearance of electric ignition devices can be seen in (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). They have some difference, but the circuit design and the principle of operation remain unchanged.

Get detailed video instructions and manuals on how to repair electric ignition. Description of all occurring malfunctions of the ignition and methods and methods for their elimination, repair.