Does jacaranda (violet tree) grow in Russia and where? Where does the jacaranda (violet tree) grow? Jacaranda tree growing from seeds at home care and reproduction of photo species What is the name of the tree with purple leaves
The range of exotic plants grown by amateurs in indoor conditions is increasing every year. In direct proportion to this, the number of beginners - lovers of the exotic, who often experience difficulties in propagating a particular plant, also increases. But often the problems are subjective in nature, and are successfully solved if you use the advice of experienced growers.
One of the once "problem" plants was a native of South America - jacaranda. Native to Argentina, this showy plant with fern-like leaves quickly gained popularity among landscapers and amateur flower growers. In countries with a warm climate, jacaranda grows well in open ground, and even blooms.
Unfortunately, jacaranda does not bloom under indoor conditions, and, nevertheless, the plant still looks very impressive, and is valued by flower growers for its delicate green pinnately dissected leaves.
Physiological features of jacaranda
In room conditions, the only species grown is the mimosole Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia).
For successful cultivation and reproduction, a plant needs to create a favorable microclimate similar to its usual growing conditions.
Like most natives of the subtropics, jacaranda loves heat and high humidity. The temperature optimum is in the range of 22 - 27 ° C. In winter, the temperature is recommended to be kept at 16 - 18 °C.
The jacaranda determines the approach of winter by a decrease in the length of daylight hours, and sometimes sheds leaves, which is not an unfavorable indicator.
Jacaranda is critical of soil acidity and does not tolerate the presence of carbonates (calcium salts). This should be taken into account when watering and fertilizing. For irrigation, it is better to use rain or melt water, but not tap water (!).
Growing jacaranda from seeds
Seed propagation of jacaranda is not difficult, however, this process is extended in time.
In order for the seedlings to hatch as early as possible, the seeds must be soaked in water at room temperature for 24 hours. Not bad if soaking is carried out in a solution of stimulants.
The sowing substrate can be prepared independently from peat, forest soil and sand in a ratio of 1:2:1. Purchased peat soil is also suitable for this purpose.
Seeds should not be buried too deep - a depth of about 0.7 - 1 cm. At a temperature of 25 ° C, the first shoots will begin to appear after 2 - 3 weeks.
With the appearance of 2 true leaves, seedlings must be dived into individual containers with a diameter of about 7 cm. The substrate for further cultivation differs slightly from the seed: 1 part of humus and 0.5 parts of vermiculite (or perlite) are added. Such soil perfectly retains moisture, so you need to water the plants as the top layer dries.
Periodically, 1 - 2 times a month, it is necessary to carry out top dressing with complex mineral fertilizers (without calcium salts!).
If you decide to start growing jacaranda, then start sowing in the second decade of February - early March, and by the end of the year you will have a reason to be proud - an amazing exotic plant.
Jacaranda is a very original and beautiful houseplant. During flowering, it is covered with an abundance of lilac-purple flowers, exuding a pleasant honey aroma. For this, she was nicknamed the violet tree. You can buy a young tree in the store or learn how to grow jacaranda from seeds at home.
The trunk is smooth gray. Reddish bark on young branches. The crown is spreading, lush, wide. Some specimens in nature grow up to 30 meters. The leaves are large, vaguely reminiscent of a fern. The leaf size reaches half a meter. Each leaf is made up of smaller leaves.
Flowers tubular, small. The largest specimens reach 5 cm in length. The color is lilac purple. Inflorescences - lush panicles. Each panicle has up to 30 flowers. It blooms twice a year - in spring and autumn. In spring - plentifully, in autumn - modestly. Flowering lasts up to 2 months. One of the varieties of jacaranda blooms with white flowers. After flowering, fruits are formed - light brown rounded pods with black seeds inside.
The plant is native to Brazil, South America and Argentina. Streets planted with jacaranda during the flowering period are an incredible sight. Flowering at home is almost impossible to achieve. Only mature plants bloom. By this time, they grow so large that it is not possible to keep them at home. In apartments, jacaranda is grown as an ornamental leafy plant. It is sometimes used by professionals in the art of bonsai - this is the only option when you can see blooming jacaranda at home.
Interesting information! This is not just a beautiful tree - jacaranda is used to make luxury furniture, musical instruments and other expensive items. Its wood is considered very valuable. In South America, the leaves, fruits and flowers of the tree are considered medicinal. They are used to treat infectious diseases.
Varieties for growing in an apartment
In nature, there are about 50 species. Only two varieties are adapted for the apartment. Young plants are kept at home.
- Jacaranda jacaranda. In another way, it is called fluffy. The tree is tall, spreading. The foliage is light green in color, similar to jasmine leaves. Under natural conditions, it reaches 15 meters, blooms with purple flowers.
- More common at home jacaranda mimosole. In an apartment, it usually grows no more than 2 meters. The leaves are elongated, the flowers are purple, reminiscent of bells. Breeders have bred several interesting varieties adapted for growing in an apartment. The most popular jacaranda varieties are Delta and Magdalena.
Important! The tree is fast growing. To curb growth, regular pruning is carried out. A characteristic feature is the fall of leaves in winter or spring. Don't worry, it's a natural process. After a while, young leaves will appear.
Subtleties of care
To preserve the decorativeness of the tree, attentive high-quality care is organized. Where jacaranda grows, it is always warm, sunny and humid. Creating conditions close to the natural habitat is the ideal approach to growing a plant.
- Lighting. The brighter the lighting, the better. There are different opinions about direct sunlight. Some flower growers recommend lightly shading the tree at noon. Others advise exposing it directly to the sun. If you decide to follow the second option, then accustom the plant to bright light gradually. The tub with jacaranda is systematically turned with the other side towards the light so that the crown is formed evenly and the trunk is straight.
- Temperature. During the entire warm period, the temperature should not fall below 22-24°C. The rest of the time - 18-19 ° C. The jacaranda does not like the cold.
- Watering. Based on soil moisture. Drying of the top layer by a few centimeters indicates the need for watering. In winter, as well as in early spring, when a natural change of leaves occurs, watering is limited. Complete drying of the earthen coma is not allowed.
- Humidity. Indoor jacaranda is no less demanding on humidity than its wild relatives. The tree is sprayed daily, containers with water are placed nearby.
- Top dressing. Feed sparingly in spring and summer. Once a month is enough. They try to restrain growth, and top dressing stimulates it. In winter and autumn, they do without top dressing.
- Pruning. To form a beautiful compact crown in the spring, pinch all the ends of young shoots. Branches that are out of shape can be cut more strongly.
- Transfer. Transplanted infrequently, as the tub is filled with the root system. The best time to transplant is in the spring. Soils are used loose. A substrate of humus, sand and peat is suitable. Drainage is a must!
Cultivation and reproduction
The main method of growing and propagating jacaranda is by seeds. Seeds germinate well, seedlings grow quickly. Boxes are used as containers for planting. They are filled with light, well-drained soil. Seeds close up not deep.
Conditions for rapid seed germination - a greenhouse, a stable temperature of 20-25 ° C, daily airing for 10 minutes. Watering is replaced by spraying the soil with a spray bottle. The appearance of the first shoots is expected in 2-4 weeks.
The jacaranda is propagated by cuttings. Cuttings about 8 cm long are cut in summer from semi-lignified shoots. For a day put in a solution of heteroauxin to accelerate root formation. Planted with a slope of 45 degrees in a mixture of peat and fine sand. Cover with foil, keep the temperature at least 24-25°C. 3-4 cuttings are planted in one pot.
Advice! When growing jacaranda from seeds, it is recommended to sow directly into large boxes. Seedlings try not to disturb until the age of three months. By this time, they have time to grow.
What problems can you face?
With proper care, problems with the tree usually do not arise. It is resistant to pest attacks, rarely gets sick.
Pests
| whitefly | On the underside of the leaves, green larvae are visually detected. After them, sugary secretions remain. The foliage curls, turns yellow and falls off. The pest is a small white midge. | Once every 3 days, spraying with insecticides is carried out. The drugs "Inta-vir", "Aktellik", "Fufan" have proven themselves well. |
| Aphids | Primary lesions are found on young leaves, the very tops of the shoots. The affected parts of the plant curl up, become sticky, the plant gradually withers. | Spraying with preparations "Derris", "Aktellik", "Fitoverm" is recommended. With a small number of insects, you can try to get by with treating the plant with soapy water. |
| spider mite | They are noticed by the appearance of a thin cobweb on the underside of the leaves. The reason is infection from another plant, dry air. | The tree is treated with insecticides, regularly sprayed with water, and high humidity is maintained in the room. |
Diseases
| Leaves curl and turn yellow | Possible reasons are dry air and soil, cold, drafts. | It is recommended to inspect the jacaranda for pests. If insects are not found, you need to adjust the mode of care and maintenance. |
| leaf chlorosis | It develops due to the increased content of lime in the soil, weak irrigation, deficiency of iron, magnesium, sulfur and zinc. Accompanied by yellowing of the leaves, slow growth. | They are transplanted into nutrient soil, fertilizing with fertilizers with a high content of missing trace elements. |
| Root rot | Lack of drainage, dense soil, excessive watering. | Check the condition of the drainage and soil. If necessary, transplant the plant. Temporarily suspend watering, then water moderately. |
Jacaranda will be a bright decoration for a spacious apartment. Despite the lack of flowering in artificial conditions, its beautiful foliage competes with the most popular ornamental foliage plants.
Without exception, all lovers of flowering plants look with amazement and delight at the photo, which depicts a jacaranda (violet tree). Does this unusually beautiful tree grow in Russia? What does it love? How to grow it? We will try to answer these questions in this article.
Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) belongs to the Bignoniaceae family. It has about fifty species. These are mainly large or medium-sized trees (evergreen) growing in the tropics and subtropics.
Jacaranda (violet tree): where does it grow?
The homeland of the violet tree is considered to be the subtropical and tropical regions of America. This miracle of nature is admired by the inhabitants of all continents. In Zimbabwe and Mexico, the flowering of this tree symbolizes the arrival of spring.
Today, the jacaranda (violet tree) is found not only in South America, but also in the USA, Mexico, India, Israel and other countries. This flowering plant not only decorates the streets, but is also valued for its very high quality wood, which is used to make expensive furniture. We will talk about the use of this plant a little later.
In South America, a jacaranda (violet tree) grows two meters in two to three years. Where this unusually beautiful creation of nature grows, during the flowering period, the air is filled with an unusual aroma, which is a bit like honey. An adult plant can reach 30 meters in height.
Jacaranda (violet tree) in Russia is well known to many flower growers, mainly from photos posted in special publications. Meanwhile, in many countries this magnificent plant is so loved that it is found on almost every street. Dozens of violet trees blooming at the same time envelop the city in a gentle bluish haze, and an unusual purple carpet appears under your feet. Many residents believe that this plant brings good luck. Therefore, after the birth of a child, young parents will certainly plant him in the yard.
Description of the violet tree
Everyone who has seen the flowering of this tree describes it as a lilac miracle. Its leaves are opposite, fern-shaped, pinnatisected.
The inflorescence is a panicle, apical or axillary. Flowers are always bisexual, tubular, zygomorphic, five-membered. Usually painted in a blue or lilac hue, there are species with purple and white flowers.
Flowers are collected in panicles of 30, and sometimes more pieces. Their length is almost 5 cm, diameter does not exceed 3 cm. Jacaranda blooms twice a year - in spring (blooming is more abundant) and in autumn. The tree is famous for its lush crown of openwork, complex-shaped leaves. Their length is 40-50 cm. They are very reminiscent of fern leaves.
Jacaranda (violet tree) in Russia, unfortunately, does not grow in natural conditions. Many amateur flower growers are experimenting with growing this extraordinary plant, but so far their efforts have not been successful.
Usage
We have already mentioned that the jacaranda is highly valued in the world. It is known as which is used for the production of luxury furniture, unique luxury items (metal inlaid and carved items). In addition, magnificent musical instruments are made from this wood.
When polished, the core of the wood becomes a beautiful brown with a purple tint. For example, in Brazil, you can see and buy jacaranada souvenirs - carved figures of exotic animals. They have a very pleasant delicate smell, especially when you wipe them with a cloth.
Jacaranda (violet tree) in Russia where does it grow?
It should be recognized that in our country it is mainly a houseplant. Although it should be noted that the jacaranda (violet tree) in Russia is successfully grown in botanical gardens on the southern coast of Crimea. True, these are not those magnificent thirty-meter beauties that adorn the streets in South America. In our conditions, the violet tree grows no more than three meters in height.
Many lovers of beautiful plants grow jacaranda at home. They claim that it is not difficult to do this at all. Today, many large flower shops sell seeds of this amazing plant.
Growing from seeds
Seeds are first soaked in water, to which stimulants are preliminarily added (Ribav-Extra, HB-101, Epin, Zircon, etc.). In this solution, the seeds should be kept for 5-6 hours. After that, they are sown in light, loose, moist soil (depth - no more than 1 cm). Germination occurs at a temperature of +23 ... +28 degrees, in the light, under the film. Shoots appear very quickly, after about 10 days, but sometimes germination is delayed up to three decades. It depends on their quality. Seedlings do not need to dive before they reach three months, so the seeds should be planted in a fairly spacious container.
With good care, your tree will reach a height of 1.5 m. Jacaranda (violet tree) in Russia (you can see the photo in our article) is an indoor plant. In such conditions, it blooms extremely rarely. Flowering species of this plant can only be seen in botanical gardens.
Accommodation
Jacaranda prefers bright lighting, about 3 hours it tolerates direct sunlight. The plant feels comfortable at the western and eastern windows. The pot must be rotated periodically, as one-sided lighting can deform the crown.
The temperature required for the normal development of the plant in summer is +25 °C, in winter - +19 °C. In summer, the jacaranda loves to "walk" in the air. At the same time, the place where you take out the flower must be protected from the wind.
Care
Jacaranda (violet tree) in Russia is the dream of many flower growers. But how to care for this exotic plant? The violet tree is regularly watered, drying out of the soil is unacceptable. In winter, watering is slightly reduced. Only soft water should be used, it should be at room temperature.
Jacaranda is a tropical plant, so it needs moist air. To make him more comfortable at room conditions, he must be sprayed regularly.
Violet tree needs feeding. In spring and summer (during the growth period), the plant is fed with complex fertilizer no more than twice a month. Prune the jacaranda every spring. Gradually, its old leaves fall off, the trunk becomes bare. That is why pinching the shoots will rejuvenate the plant and give splendor to its crown.
Transplantation is done as needed, most often in the spring, when you see that the root system occupies the entire volume of the pot.
reproduction
This plant can be propagated in two ways - in spring by seeds (soil temperature - 25 ° C), and in summer by cuttings. Seedlings grow quickly. On the tenth day shoots appear. In a month, their height will reach 15 cm.
We have presented you an amazing plant called jacaranda (violet tree). Does this plant grow in Russia? Yes, although it cannot please our flower growers with the same splendor as in their homeland.
Indoor Jacaranda is a large to medium sized evergreen tree belonging to the Bignoniaceae family. Under natural conditions, jacaranda is found in the tropics and subtropics. It grows in South America.
Jacaranda is distinguished by the opposite arrangement of leaves, doubly pinnate vegetative organs. Tubular flowers are collected in paniculate, axillary or apical inflorescences.
The flowers are painted in a bluish or purple hue. There are varieties with snow-white and purple flowers..
An exotic beauty is grown in large rooms or at home. You can keep jacaranda in a spacious room where it will bloom annually. At home, the appearance of flowers can not wait.
White Jacaranda is found in different countries as an indoor and outdoor plant.
In the conditions of the apartment, mainly young plants are cultivated. The genus consists of fifty varieties of jacaranda.
Jacaranda has several names, among which are the following: "jacaranda tree", "indoor jacaranda", "violet tree", "rosewood tree".
Jacaranda room - a plant that is grown in room conditions. In the conditions of the apartment, jacaranda mimosole is cultivated and young specimens of downy jacaranda. The mimosolic jacaranda got its name from the structure of the leaves, which are similar to mimosa leaves.
Under natural conditions, this type of jacaranda grows as a tall tree, but at home it does not exceed three meters. On a straight trunk grow feathery leaves located far from each other.
Outside the house, Jacaranda can grow up to several meters tall. The leaves are characterized by a lanceolate shape with a sharp tip and a narrow base. The flowers are bluish in color with white patterns.
The fluffy jacaranda is also called the jacaranda jasmine. It grows wild in South America. The tree can reach fifteen meters high. Compound leaves are assembled from paired leaf blades, consisting of four to five egg-shaped lobes.
Saturated purple flowers are collected in panicles. In an apartment, fluffy jacaranda looks exotic, but only young plants are suitable for growing.
Violet Tree Home Care
The rosewood tree is considered unpretentious in care.
The florist must keep in mind that every winter the plant completely gets rid of foliage.
This feature does not depend on the conditions of detention, but is a process laid down by nature. In the new season, young leaves will begin to grow on the branches of the jacaranda.
As the plant grows older, it loses its decorative qualities, because the leaves stop growing on the lower shoots.
Light conditions and temperatures
Jacaranda diffused light needed. Light exposure to direct sunlight for a couple of hours is allowed. It is believed that this is very beneficial for the plant. Jacaranda feels comfortable on eastern and western windowsills.
If you place a flower at the south window, at noon it will have to be protected from exposure to the destructive direct rays of the sun. A recently purchased specimen is gradually adapted to the sun's rays to avoid burns on tender leaves.
Protect your Jacaranda from direct sun to avoid sunburn. In the same way, the tree adapts to bright light even after long cloudy weather. To form a uniform beautiful crown, the plant is regularly turned to the sun with different sides.
The tree is protected from exposure to drafts and dampness. This is taken into account when choosing the location of the flower.
Wood can't stand the heat at all. It grows well from the spring months to autumn at a temperature of twenty degrees. In winter, they organize a temperature for her at fifteen or sixteen degrees, observing that the thermometer does not fall below ten degrees.
Watering and humidity
The plant is watered sparingly. In spring and summer, the soil is moistened more abundantly. The next watering procedure is carried out after the top layer of soil in the pot dries out. Jacaranda is difficult to tolerate both drought and excessive moisture, so it is important to find a "golden mean".
In winter and during the change of leaves (in early spring), water less often, making sure that the soil does not dry out. Water the plant with soft, settled water. Jacaranda herself gives a signal to the grower that she needs to be watered: she drops the leaves when the soil is very dry. One has only to add water, as the leaves rise and are filled with life.
Jacaranda needs high performance air humidity.
The tree is sprayed daily from a spray bottle with warm water. Humidity can be maintained by placing containers with wet expanded clay nearby.
Choosing a pot and soil
The soil mixture is prepared from soddy, leafy soil, peat, humus and river sand or perlite. The ingredients are mixed in a ratio of 2:1:1:1. Charcoal can be added to the soil.
For planting jacaranda Suitable for regular pot, as for any indoor plants. High-quality drainage must be laid at the bottom of the growing tank.
Jacaranda roots do not participate in photosynthesis, so the pot may be opaque top dressing
In spring and summer, the jacaranda is fed a little more often than once a month, using a complex mineral fertilizer, which is purchased at a specialized store.
in winter plant you can't feed. Stop feeding and if the tree sheds deciduous cover.
pruning
In the spring, the violet tree needs pinching the tops of the shoots. This procedure is necessary for the formation of a uniform beautiful crown.
Transfer
Young specimens of jacaranda are transplanted every year, adults - as the roots grow: as soon as the root system fills the entire pot. If the violet tree is not transplanted in time, its growth will stop.
Jacaranda will stop growing if it is not transplanted in time The sequence of actions for transplantation is as follows:
horse neck deepen it is forbidden.
Propagation by cuttings and seeds
Jacaranda is propagated by cuttings or growing seeds.
The cuttings are cut six to eight centimeters long. The lower foliage is removed, and the cut point is smeared with root to help the rapid formation of roots. The cuttings are rooted in a soil mixture consisting of peat and sand, at a soil temperature of twenty-five degrees.
As with any other plant, propagation of Jacaranda from seeds is not an easy process. Set up a small greenhouse. After the appearance of the root system, young specimens planted in hotel pots.
Propagation by seeds is carried out as follows:
- seeds are sown in a container with a suitable substrate, lightly sprinkling them with earth;
- pots with planting material are covered with a film, organizing a greenhouse;
- when the first shoots appear, the container is placed in a bright place;
- in twenty to thirty days seedlings are fed with complex fertilizer;
- grown specimens are seated in separate pots.
Growing without diseases and pests
Get rid of spider mites with insecticides Sometimes the violet tree is still taken over scale insects, spider mites, whiteflies and aphids.
The whitefly is detected due to the appearance of green larvae on the back of the leaf. Damaged parts of the plant curl, turn yellow and fall off. Fight the whitefly by manually collecting the larvae and treating the jacaranda with an insecticide (for example, Confidor).
If the rosewood tree is growing in a poorly drained container, there is a possibility of development of root rot. With insufficient soil moisture, chlorosis develops.
It is eliminated by proper watering and spraying the jacaranda with iron chelate. The main secret of growing a healthy jacaranda is following the rules for caring for the plant.
In Russia, jacaranda is not grown everywhere because of the exotic nature of the plant. Violet tree attracts the attention of bonsai lovers. This plant is perfect for growing a miniature tree.
Violet tree, also called Jacaranda, is a genus of flowering trees, part of the bignoniaceae family. It is affectionately called the violet tree because it has delicate purple-lilac petals and a very pleasant honey smell.
The violet tree grows in the tropics or subtropics. In countries such as: Cuba, Jamaica, the Bahamas, and also it can often be found in Asia, for example, in Nepal. Jacaranda can also be seen in the countries of South Africa, and in Australia. But most violet trees grow in Brazil.
Jacaranda means "hardwood" in Portuguese. In Brazil, this tree is also called Black Pui, and in other countries it is a fern tree because of the similar shape of the leaves.
Most representatives of the genus Jacaranda are evergreen trees from 20 to 30 meters high, but there are also small shrubs that do not exceed two meters in height. Plants have pinnate, fern-like leaves and bell-shaped, in most cases blue or violet-lilac flowers. Some species have white flowers.
Representatives of the genus Jacaranda are exclusively semi-deciduous plants that lose their leaves at a temperature of zero degrees. Temperatures below three degrees can destroy young trees, adult plants can withstand temperatures down to -7 degrees. The bell-shaped flowers collected in a brush have a length of 5 cm. Basically, one brush includes several dozen fragrant lilac flowers. Under their weight, branches can hang almost to the ground, and the sticky nectar of the violet tree often stains parked cars and the clothes of people passing by.
At the end of the flowering period, seed pods form in place of the flowers, which soon burst, scattering a huge number of lionfish seeds many meters from the mother plant.
Jacaranda is valued not only for its stunning appearance, but also as a source of valuable wood from which furniture, musical instruments, souvenirs and all kinds of luxury items are made. When polished, the core of this plant turns red-brown, with a slight purple tint. And the aroma of fresh wood exudes a unique violet aroma.
In their native lands, jacaranda trees are of great importance and are shrouded in many legends, myths and signs. For example, in Zimbabwe and Mexico, the flowering of the violet tree symbolizes the arrival of spring. Some African tribes believe in the Blue Spirit living in the plant, which invariably contributes to making the right verdicts in resolving conflict situations that have arisen between people.
Elsewhere, under these trees, older women consider various complaints from members of the tribe - the Blue Spirit always helps to make the right decision. In Australia, the most common type of jacaranda with white flowers. Australians associate its flowering with Christmas. Love for a beautiful plant gave rise to the emergence of such a tradition - at the birth of a child, parents or other relatives of the baby must plant a new tree.
There is a legend that tells about the daughter of the Moon, a beautiful priestess who flew to people on the Mitu bird. Decorated with blooming jacaranda branches, the girl sat in the shade of a huge violet tree and gave people her wisdom and knowledge of centuries. Soon the priestess left her place and flew into the jungle. After this incident, the jacaranda received another name - the tree of knowledge. Under the influence of a beautiful legend, they began to plant it next to educational institutions.
For example, many universities in Sydney believe that studying materials and preparing for exams should be done before the jacaranda has bloomed. Also, another sign is common among students - the exam will be passed perfectly if a violet tree flower falls on the head, and a flower caught on the fly will also bring good luck.
Its healing abilities can also be attributed to the luggage of the numerous advantages of jacaranda - in South American folk medicine it is used in the treatment of infections. Violet tree flower and leaf extract has been confirmed to fight E. coli much more effectively than many antibiotics without any side effects.
The spectacular flowering of the violet tree lasts about two weeks, so in many areas with a favorable climate, it is grown as an ornamental plant. Especially popular is the mimosa leaf jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia), whose large leaves look like fern or mimosa leaves. Several species of this plant are grown indoors. However, this process is quite complicated, because for normal development, trees need conditions that are as close to natural as possible.
