How many glasses do you need for double-glazed windows in an apartment. Which double-glazed window is better to choose. Noise level generated by various sources: dB

Probably, no one needs to prove that plastic windows with double-glazed windows have long and firmly taken a leading position in the competition with old wooden frames in terms of their performance. Advantages - in almost all respects, from thermal conductivity and sound absorption to maximum ease of use and aesthetics.

Owners of apartments and private houses of old construction, at the slightest opportunity, try to replace imperfect wooden structures with modern windows. At first glance, there are no problems with this, in any region there are many large and small firms working in this field. But can everyone be trusted, and are the windows offered for purchase equivalent? Alas, in this segment of the construction business there are many "pitfalls", and the external similarity of the windows does not at all indicate their identical quality and operational characteristics. Therefore, before making a final decision and signing an installation contract, it is necessary to clearly understand how to choose PVC windows so as not to be disappointed in them after a few months.

Such windows entered the everyday life of Russians relatively recently. But even during these 15 ÷ 20 years, like, probably, any outlandish novelty, they managed to “grow” with a whole bunch of mythological rumors, both immoderately extolling their qualities and unfairly attributing non-existent vices to them. First, let's try to clarify this issue.

What they say about PVC windows, and is it really so

• There is widespread the opinion that the installation of plastic windows with double-glazed windows completely solves the issue of thermal insulation - they completely block the path to the cold.

Alas, not everything is so rosy. Create a completely thermal light-transmitting construction is very difficult, although high-quality double-glazed windows and a reliable sealing system can significantly increase the thermal resistance of a window. However, any window construction is also assembly seams, which always serve as “cold bridges” to some extent.

What can be said with confidence in this matter is that the level of room insulation with the installation of high-quality plastic windows will increase significantly.

• The next “myth” is that air is completely pumped out of the space between the glasses, a vacuum is created there.

This statement is not true. In fact, the air is partially pumped out, creating an area of ​​low pressure inside. This is necessary for better sealing - external atmospheric pressure presses the glass as tightly as possible to the seals. It also gives the effect of increasing heat and soundproof qualities. By the way, for the same purposes, some manufacturers use the practice of pumping inert gases into this space, which creates a special, “layered” atmosphere inside the double-glazed window, which effectively dampens sound waves.

• How to treat the statement that the installation of double-glazed windows gives absolute suppression of noise from the street?

You can't believe it completely either. To a greater extent, the design of PVC windows “cuts off” high frequencies, but low-frequency noises, which propagate, including through vibration, alas, find their way. So, if construction equipment is working outside the window, or a busy highway passes nearby, then noise cannot be avoided.

Manufacturers are constantly working to improve the design, but have not yet been able to completely solve this problem.

• The closed PVC window gives complete tightness of the room.

This is another persistent misconception. With a high-quality multi-level sealing system, we can talk about the impermeability of the window for drafts, for exit warm air from the apartment, but it's still far not tightness.

• Another erroneous opinion - the wider the glass is placed on the double-glazed window, the better the window.

The distance between the panes is not a value taken “from the ceiling”. There is a complex system of thermal calculations, which gives rather paradoxical results - an excessive increase in this distance leads to a sharp decrease in thermal insulation qualities. In the production of windows, they adhere to optimal values, proven by theory and practice: for single-chamber double-glazed windows, the maximum thickness should be 24 mm, and for two-chamber - 44 mm.

• The principle is far from always justified that when choosing a window it is not necessary to be limited in the thickness of the profile and the number of air chambers in it: "The thicker the profile, the better the window is, of course."

To argue in this way is tantamount to assert something that a large sledgehammer is much better and more useful than a conventional hammer, because each of these tools has his own purpose. Of course, the number and dimensions of the air chambers of the window profile directly affect the thermal conductivity and sound insulation. But everything should be reasonable and in due measure. An increase in the number of cameras is, inevitably, an increase in the dimensions and weight of the entire window structure, difficulties with its delivery and installation, and a rapid increase in prices. There will be no point in paying extra money for a “super-sophisticated” design, if, according to the climatic conditions of the region, the purpose of the room in which it is planned to install windows, and its location, it is enough to limit itself to no less high-quality execution, but more “budget” option.

• You can often hear that plastic windows violate the normal ecological balance in an apartment.

Well, firstly, polyvinyl chloride , although and synthetic material, but it is absolutely safe for human and animal health. Suffice it to recall that it is actively used for the manufacture of medical containers and devices, food utensils, water vessels, etc. And secondly, if you look around even with a cursory glance around you, you will definitely see polymer products, from household appliances to furniture. But they “sin” for some reason, only on PVC windows.

• Statements about the increased fire hazard of such windows are untenable.

Yes, of course, PVC is a combustible material, but its thermal decomposition temperature is much higher than that of wood - wooden windows will light up faster. Moreover, if there is no open flame, then PVC is more likely to melt than go into fire. As for the substances released during combustion, they are certainly toxic, but carbon monoxide released during the combustion of wood is no less dangerous.

• The service life of PVC windows is short - another widespread delusion.

It all depends on the quality of the profiles, double-glazed windows, fittings used for their production, on the professionalism of the assemblers and installers. Agree that an ordinary wooden window, made by a "crooked" carpenter, even from selected materials, will not last long.

If a really high-quality PVC window was chosen, it should be guaranteed for more than a dozen years without losing any performance characteristics. Of course, the owners must follow the rules for its use and regular maintenance.

• You can meet the opinion that plastic windows impoverish the design with their standardized appearance, they can spoil the exterior design of the house or the interior of the premises.

This assertion does not stand up to scrutiny. People who have never been interested in the existing variety of PVC can say so. In reality, you can order a design of the most bizarre forms, with one-sided or two-sided plastic lamination, which will give the window the desired color or an interesting external texture - under precious woods, under metal, etc. In a word, there are more than enough opportunities to fit a window into the intended design.

Options for choosing PVC windows

First of all, for those who do not know this, the general scheme of the plastic window device:

It would seem that everything is simple and obvious, but almost any element of this design requires special attention.

The figure below shows schematically the main criteria for choosing a PVC window model.

Now about each of these parameters - in more detail.

Type and quality of the profile

The very first and closest attention is paid to the design and quality of the profile - all the operational characteristics of the window and its durability depend on it.

• The material of manufacture - it must be high-quality polyvinyl chloride, durable and absolutely inert to any atmospheric influences. The thickness of the outer walls of the profile is at least 3 mm. Some manufacturers practice, in order to reduce the cost of production, the manufacture of profiles with a wall thickness of, for example, 2.7 mm. It would seem insignificant, but the rigidity and wear resistance at the same time deteriorate sharply, and there is no need to talk about the long service life of such windows.

For regions with severe winters, you should choose a profile made of PVC with increased frost resistance. Usually this is indicated by the additional index "M" on the label.

• The number of air chambers - the thermal insulation characteristics of the window largely depend on this parameter.

The number of chambers is calculated according to the width of the profile. If there are horizontal jumpers dividing the cavity into several vertical compartments, then these are not considered additional chambers. The minimum number of cameras allowed by the standards is two, but, as a rule, there are no such products due to their lack of demand. Typically used for residential installations t pex - or five-chamber profiles.

Three-chamber profiles, with a total thickness of about 58 ÷ 60 mm, are certainly much cheaper. It makes sense to buy them if the climate of the region is not characterized by harsh winters, or if the window will be installed, for example, for glazing a loggia or balcony. They are acceptable in the kitchen or on the south side of the building, provided that the house has efficient heating and general thermal insulation.

For the main part of Russia, where January frosts below -20 degrees are considered commonplace, it is better to purchase a high-quality five-chamber profile with a total thickness of over 70 mm - its resistance to heat loss is much higher. True, you will have to pay more for this.

There are other varieties - with four or six chambers, but they are rare and, as a rule, have a specific purpose.

• The presence and type of reinforcing insert. According to existing standards, all profiles longer than 800 mm or having a coating other than white must necessarily have a reinforcing insert. However, leading manufacturers equip all their products with such a structural element. This reinforcement will create the necessary rigidity and stability of the window structure, prevent deformations associated with thermal expansion, which will significantly increase the service life.

As a reinforcing insert, a profile of corrosion resistant galvanized steel with a thickness of about 1.2 - 2 mm. If a thin material is used, for example, 0.5 mm, or if it does not have anti-corrosion protection, then this can be considered a fiction - neither rigidity nor durability can be expected from such a window, and the insert is made only to “blur” the eyes.

The reinforcing insert may have a closed or open profile. Of course, with its closed form, the strength characteristics are much higher. However, this affects the total mass of the window structure and, of course, its cost. It is possible, for small windows, to confine oneself to a profile with high-quality U-shaped reinforcement, however, if the means and installation conditions allow, it is still better to give preference to closed ones.

But if pseudo-reinforcement made of two flat metal inserts placed closer to the edges of the profile, then it is better to refuse this option right away - there will be no resistance to deformation, for example, to bending or twisting.

• The “appearance” of the profile is also of considerable importance. The usual technology for decorating windows is the use of special laminating films, which can be selected from the proposed catalog. At the same time, it is possible to perform one-sided or two-sided lamination, and the outer and inner surfaces can be finished with different textures. .

The design of the shown profiles is the same, the decoration is different

There are profiles dyed in mass at the production stage, when pigment compositions are introduced into the initial mass. Profiles with acrylic coatings applied by co-extrusion are of good quality - an additional protective and decorative layer is obtained, which at the same time becomes inseparable from the PVC base component. Another exterior finishing technology is the application of colored acrylic lacquer to a white surface.

• When choosing, the manufacturer of the profiles is very important. It hardly makes sense to contact an unknown or already notorious manufacturer - you can find a lot of examples when such windows disappointed their owners already in the first year of operation. If you have already decided to go for a replacement, then it is better to give your savings for really high-quality products, which are accompanied by manufacturer's warranties.

You can safely purchase REHAU, KBE, VEKA + profiles. Quite trustworthy LG-Chem, MONTBLANC. In the category of premium windows, DIMEX and THYSSEN are traditionally the leaders. Several domestic companies have emerged trying to keep up with foreign manufacturers in terms of quality, for example, SOK (Samara window structures), DI FENCE or PROPLEX. It will never be superfluous to go to the official website of the manufacturer and get acquainted with the features of the product - the raw materials used, the technology, the variety of models provided by the guarantees. Well, when ordering, you should not hesitate to demand documents confirming that the profiles are really a brand, and not a cheap fake.

Prices for a popular line of windows

Choosing a double-glazed window

The area of ​​the glazed area of ​​the window is always many times greater than the space occupied by the plastic profile, so the value of the quality of the double-glazed window cannot be overestimated.

The design of double-glazed windows is, in principle, the same for all models:

1 - glass, at least 4 mm thick.

2 - air chambers formed between the glasses.

3 - distance frames that provide the same distance between the glasses.

4 - drying backfill (silica gel or other material with increased hygroscopicity). The main goal is to maintain optimal humidity conditions in the chambers.

5 - sealing adhesive composition, collecting all the elements into a common structure.

What are the main criteria for choosing a double-glazed window:

• Thickness and quality of glass. Most models use 4 mm thick glass. In the event that the windows face the street with an increased noise level, it makes sense to consider installing external glass with a thickness of 5 or 6 mm. This will significantly increase the soundproofing qualities, since glasses of different thicknesses will never resonate.

Glass must be tempered, having undergone special heat treatment after cutting it into the desired size. At the same time, tempered glass in no way loses its light-transmitting abilities and any other qualities. But on the other hand, firstly, it significantly, by 5 ÷ 6, increases its strength characteristics, resistance to both shocks and bending or compression loads. Secondly, even if accidentally broken, it will crumble into small fragments of almost regular shape without sharp cutting edges.

An even safer option is laminated glass - triplex. They can withstand even a directed blow, resist a burglary attempt, and in case of destruction they do not shatter into fragments. In addition, such glasses are much less susceptible to microvibrations, which means that they dampen sound vibrations more effectively. True, the price of such double-glazed windows is quite high.

There are glasses with internal metal reinforcement. Recently, there has been a growing trend in the popularity of glasses with electromagnetic protection. It can be a metal mesh or conductive film, which are connected to the ground loop. This measure helps to prevent the impact of external electromagnetic radiation, to prevent leakage of information transmitted over radio frequencies.

• The number of chambers and their width.

Double-glazed windows are single- and double-chamber. A single-chamber version is two glasses separated by a certain distance. The total thickness of such a package is in the range from 24 to 30 mm. Usually I choose such a design according to the same principle as the number of cameras in the profile - for the southern regions or for unheated premises.

Two-chamber, respectively, have three glasses and two air or gas layers between them. The thickness of such packages is usually from 32 to 44 mm. Thermal insulation and noise canceling the quality in this option is certainly much higher, so for living quarters it is best to choose it.

Find out and also review the causes and solutions in our new article.

In a two-chamber double-glazed window, various glass layout options are possible. So, they can be of the same thickness and installed at the same distance from each other. To provide increased sound insulation, if necessary, it is better to choose a different scheme - the cameras have different widths (spacers are used, for example, 6 and 16 mm), and the outer glasses are thickened. When passing through such a "pie", sound vibrations are damped most effectively.

• Special energy-saving technologies in the design of double-glazed windows.

In order to significantly improve the thermal performance of double-glazed windows, reduce the cost of heating in winter and air conditioning in summer, special technologies have been developed. First of all, this concerns the application of a film coating on glass or low emission sputtering based on silver ions. Depending on the technology used, there are k-glass i - glasses. The first ones are much easier to manufacture and, accordingly, cheaper. The latter have more impressive energy-saving characteristics, but their production is more difficult, which, of course, is reflected in the price.

Such coatings in winter reflect the heat flow back into the room, preventing it from cooling out through a large window area. At the same time, they prevent the free passage of hard solar radiation into the apartment in the summer, keeping it as cool as possible.

The marking of such double-glazed windows is usually given by a formula indicating the thickness of the glasses, the type of coating (if applied) and the distance between them. For example, the designation "4i-10- 4 – 10 – 4 i" says that this is a two-chamber double-glazed window, with a glass thickness of 4 mm, a distance between them of 10 mm, and the outer and inner glass, in addition, belong to the i-type.

Even more effective in terms of heat preservation are double-glazed windows that do not have rarefied air, but the injected inert gas (usually argon or krypton). The special molecular structure of these gases significantly reduces the coefficient of thermal conductivity. For example, in comparison with the usual one (with the same other characteristics), a double-glazed window with argon gives a significant increase of 5% to energy saving. And if a combined scheme is used, then this figure is even higher: on a double-glazed window "4 - 16Argon-4i" we can talk about an increase of 10 ÷ 12%. Even more impressive will be the results on double-glazed combined double-glazed windows.

There are glasses with a special sun protection layer, which is especially important in summer for rooms oriented to the south or southwest, especially in regions with a hot climate. True, such glasses usually have reduced and light-transmitting ability.

Scheme of the window and a set of fittings

When the buyer has to decide how he sees it and according to what scheme it should work. Basic principles works are shown in the figure:

The main schemes of the "work" of the window

Schemes can be used both individually and in a certain combination, for example, rotary opening plus folding for ventilation.

You should consider the number, shape and size of all glazed areas. Many owners are often tempted to have one large glazed sheet for the entire opening area. However, it must be taken into account that this is a very heavy load. on fasteners. In addition, the larger the window area, the greater the likelihood of resonant transmission of sound waves, and therefore - lower soundproof quality. It is more expedient to distribute a large area into several sections, separated by imposts.

The correct and easy operation of a window directly depends on the quality of the fittings used in it, and the issue of its choice is of paramount importance. In no case should you purchase products with plastic elements - they do not stand up to criticism, they never have certification and will last for a very short time.

Fittings must be exclusively steel (preferably alloy steel), so that it can withstand several dozen daily cycles of work over the years. At the same time, it must be perfectly fitted, so that any member of the family can easily open or close the window.

The quality of fittings is the key to reliable and long-term operation of the window system

When choosing, you should pay attention to reinforced fittings with anti-burglary characteristics. It has several degrees of security, and the most reliable one can withstand even the impact of a powerful power tool.

If there are young children in the apartment, you should take an interest in locking systems so that the child cannot open the window on his own. These can be removable handles with plugged sockets for them, special hidden push-button latches, swivel function limiters, mortise or overhead locks, etc.

One of the types of "children's" locks - the child will not be able to open the window at a dangerous distance

There are also additional fittings, which, for example, provide a stepwise opening of the window, prevent its arbitrary slamming in a draft, prevent improper closing of handles, etc. The fittings also include all handles, decorative overlays and other items of external decor.

Self-respecting companies involved in the production and installation of plastic windows usually use high-quality fittings from leading European manufacturers. The undisputed leaders in this market segment are MACO, ROTO or SIEGENIA-AUBI.

Video: high-quality fittings for PVC windows

Prices for fittings for pvc windows

PVC window fittings

Seals

Another important criterion for choosing PVC windows. A lot depends on this “frontier” - the maximum possible tightness of the closure, thermal and sound insulation, protection of the fittings from dust and dirt getting into it, which can cause its abrasive wear.

In window systems, one or more (up to three) sealing circuits can be used. Depending on the location, they are external, internal or intermediate. In addition to sealing the moving part, the sealing elements must be located on both sides of the installed double-glazed window.

Seals can have a different cross-sectional profile. They are made of rubber, silicone, special rubber or composite polymer compounds. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, both in terms of reaction to low temperatures, and in terms of resistance to abrasion and deformation loads, cracking, delamination, etc. It is believed that the EPDM composite composition (translated into Russian having the complex name “ ethylene-propylene-thermopolymer-rubber"or EPTK).

How to choose a window installer company

No less, and perhaps even decisive, is the choice of a company that should assemble and install windows. There are a lot of offers for such services, and it is important not to fall for the hook of unscrupulous performers or even amateurs in this matter.

The quality of a window is not only proven materials, but also the professionalism of the craftsmen of the company involved in its assembly and installation.

You should never "buy" at clearly underpriced prices - most often they are offered by one-day firms, and there will be no one to present claims for quality in a year. It should definitely alert if this organization, for example, does not have an office, and all negotiations are conducted only by mobile phone. In this case, as a rule, the contract is proposed to be concluded at the customer's home.

If, during a telephone conversation, you are asked to measure the window opening yourself to place an order, hang up immediately, without getting involved in any discussion, as there is not even a smell of professionalism here.

A reputable company must demonstrate samples of the profiles and double-glazed windows it uses in its office - usually split window models are installed for this. Even a list of questions that a competent manager will ask can say a lot. In order for the window to turn out to be of really high quality and to fully perform its functions, the manufacturer must evaluate a lot of information:

• The series of the house, the material of the walls - most likely, the installers have already had to deal with similar apartments and they have developed the best options.
• Customer's wishes for window configuration. Not all the "whims" of the owner of the apartment can be implemented, and the manager's task is to find a compromise solution, both in terms of "deglazing" and in terms of the operation of the valves.
• Be sure to take into account the direction of the windows to the cardinal points, the location of noisy driveways or vice versa, quiet courtyards. This will make it possible to more accurately determine the number of profile chambers and the type of double-glazed window.
• As a rule, issues on the installation of ebbs and window sills are solved at the same time, sometimes it is immediately planned from PVC. Almost certainly, the installation of a mosquito net, a regular consignment note or a roller shutter type will be offered.
• A serious company will always meet a good customer and make him a significant discount if several windows are purchased and installed at once.
• It is possible that the list of company services also includes innovative solutions, for example, a ventilation system built into the profile.

Only modern, but experienced enterprises can satisfy the listed requirements. One of the leaders in the niche under consideration is the company "Window Factory". Its competitiveness is determined by many clear advantages:

• the presence of own production, which allows maintaining acceptable prices for the company's product and services for customers;
• experience in the field of 14 years;
• warranty customer support for 5 years after the completion of the order;
• friendly customer service system.

In addition to being customer-oriented, the company has strengthened its position as a leader through the production of innovative products, bringing to life completely new, "attentive" windows to the requirements of the customer.

The first technology installed free of charge on products from the "Window Factory" is called SmartBox III. It is represented by a supply valve responsible for climate control, located in the upper part of the window. The valve consists of:

• special curtain, selected according to the wind load;
• adjustable position switch.

Using SmartBoxIII technology, even with the windows closed, you can enjoy fresh air, while:

• without releasing room heat;
• while maintaining sound insulation at the original level.

The appearance of the structure when installing the valves is not violated.

The second innovative product of the Window Factory is heat-saving windows.

The thermal effect of the structures is achieved by applying a special pollination to the glass, which, while remaining invisible to the eye, makes significant changes in your life:

• keeping heat 40% more efficient than multifunctional glass and 97% more intense than ordinary double-glazed windows;
• in summer, it reduces the degree of penetration of natural heat from the street, keeping the room cool, while letting in 30% more light;
• in winter, it retains heat inside the apartment, keeping a comfortable temperature on the windowsill, on average + 6 ° C higher than that for a standard double-glazed window;
• reduces the risk of condensation from temperature differences;
• saves money spent on heating without releasing heat, which is especially important for private residential buildings.

If desired, the thermal package can be supplemented with tinting to create a cozy and private atmosphere. For safety-conscious clients, the Window Factory offers the possibility of installing tempered glass.

The PVC profile of double-glazed windows from the "Window Factory" is represented by individual REHAU designs that have passed all stages of quality control. The fittings of the products are represented by the Titan AF line, which provides the following advantages:

• prevents rapid wear of structures;
• provides anti-burglary resistance;
• enhances sound insulation;
• allows you to choose the intensity of ventilation.

By choosing the innovative offers of the Window Factory, you maximize the efficiency of the installed double-glazed window, creating the most comfortable atmosphere at home.

A lot can tell and the impression of the visit of the measurer. It's not even about his appearance and demeanor (although this sometimes creates a certain opinion). If the master limited himself to two or three measurements and spent no more than five minutes on this, most likely, you should refrain from further contacts. A professional approach involves an assessment of at least 10 ÷ 12 parameters, and usually takes even up to half an hour. In no case should you pay money for taking measurements - this service is not paid and, again, does not oblige the customer to anything yet.

Only when a detailed project is drawn up in the company's office that completely suits the client, with all the drawings and diagrams, a list of materials and an estimate for assembly and installation, you can sign a contract. At the same time, it is imperative to stipulate the maximum allowable terms for the completion of all work, the responsibility of the parties for failure to fulfill obligations, and a number of other important points.

So, you should pay special attention to whether the delivery of windows, lifting them to the floor, dismantling old frames, garbage disposal, and the use of consumables (for example, mounting foam) are included in the estimate payable. Often, inexperienced customers fall into such "traps" of unscrupulous firms, who then, during the installation of the window, face the need for additional costs not specified in the concluded agreement.

And, finally, another video with tips on choosing PVC windows.

Video: how to choose the right plastic window

The glass part of a modern window of a standard configuration accounts for over 90% of the total opening area. That is why it is very important to know how to choose a double-glazed window so that the window fully fulfills all the obligations assigned to it. To do this, you need to consider the main features and characteristics of the design in order to choose the best quality double-glazed window. In the selection process, you will have to take into account many parameters and additional properties, as well as your individual preferences.

What you need to know about double-glazed windows before choosing them?

Before choosing a double-glazed window, it would be useful to learn about the main features of this design. One of the main reasons why people are ditching old wooden windows and installing new plastic ones is that the latter are much warmer. And it is the double-glazed window that is the main merit of this.

In windows of a new type, glass is installed at a distance of no more than 2 cm from each other. And that's what makes them so warm. When the gap decreases to such values, almost complete exclusion of convection occurs; air between the panes almost does not move. As a result, the heat from the room passes to the outer glass and is removed to the street with a minimum speed. Everything is extremely simple, but it works great. If desired, even old window structures can be made warmer, but it is important to understand that the reduced distance between the glasses is far from the most important characteristic.

Now that you know one of the most important features of plastic windows, you can proceed to the study of the most important points that will help you choose a double-glazed window.

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We choose a double-glazed window by the number of cameras

The device and the names of the details of two and three chamber double-glazed windows.

In accordance with European standards, double-glazed windows must be one or two chamber, that is, have either 1 or 2 chambers. However, these standards are adopted in Europe, where there are practically no frosty winters. In Russia, double-glazed windows with 1-2 cameras are only suitable for mid-latitudes. In those places where the air temperature drops to -30 ° C and below, it is better to install a double-glazed window on 3, 4, and in some cases even 6 cameras.

Modern plastic windows are superior to old wooden structures not only in terms of thermal insulation. They also provide excellent sound insulation. And this indicator also depends on how many cameras a double-glazed window has. The more cameras a double-glazed window has in its design, the better it will protect against external noise. This characteristic is especially relevant for residents of busy streets. So if you want to save money, do it wisely. For example, in the kitchen, you can save money and install a double-glazed window with fewer cameras. In the living room and bedroom, it is necessary to ensure maximum silence.

The process of choosing the number of cameras must be approached as responsibly as possible. So, it is better not to install double-glazed windows with one chamber anywhere except for the southern latitudes. And if you plan to install new windows in a room that is heated in winter, then it is better not to consider single-chamber double-glazed windows at all. They are characterized by very low thermal insulation qualities. When installing such windows, you will overpay for heating. Another disadvantage of single-chamber systems is that they fog up quite often due to their design features. In most cases, people install single-chamber double-glazed windows because of their low cost, but such savings are absolutely unjustified, because. you have to pay for heating. In regions with cold winters, the permissible minimum is a double-glazed window.

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When choosing new windows, be sure to pay attention to what kind of glass is installed in them. Glass can be of different thickness (from 4-6 mm). In inexpensive plastic windows, glass with a thickness of 4 mm is most often used. If you want a more insulating window, opt for a different type of glass. For example, the so-called are currently very popular. k- and i-glass with hard and soft coating.

In the production of soft-coated glasses, they are covered with a special film. The production technology of products of the 2nd type is somewhat more complicated. The coating here is a special coating, the application of which is carried out at the stage of production of the glass itself. In terms of performance, glass with a film wins. They have higher performance properties, but also cost a little more. In addition, some users do not like the film of such glass. If this is a problem for you, it is better to opt for products of the 2nd type, which have more modest insulating properties and affordable cost.

However, even with less impressive insulation performance, plastic windows with k-glass are still significantly ahead of ordinary wooden systems. This is achieved due to the fact that such products do not release heat from the room. Light passes through them, heat radiation does not. In addition, they not only do not release heat, but also do not let it in from the street. This moment is especially relevant in the summer. In order for the windows to create the most comfortable conditions in the room, order a double-glazed window with internal and external k- or i-glasses. If you order a design with 2 or more chambers, the internal glass may be normal, because. this does not affect the general characteristics of the window in any way.

Remember about other important qualities of double-glazed windows. After all, it is important that windows not only protect from heat and cold, but also provide the proper level of security. The owners of apartments on the ground floors, private and country houses need to worry about this moment to the greatest extent. The choice is quite large, and the most commonly used option is tempered glass. It is 5-7 times stronger than usual. However, the best option is the so-called triplex. Such glass has an internal polymer layer. It is very difficult to damage it. And it does not crumble into pieces, which makes it even more reliable. Triplex does not crumble even from gunshots. There are also more reliable options. For example, glass with internal metal reinforced mesh. Such designs are usually installed in very rich cottages. For ordinary apartments and houses, a triplex will be more than enough.

In some situations, it becomes necessary not only to provide protection against blows, shots and break-ins, but also information theft. There are special types of glass that are usually installed in offices, government agencies, offices of bosses and important people. Firstly, these are mirror products. They do not allow you to spy on people in the room. Secondly, these are shielded double-glazed windows. They protect from eavesdropping.

Comparative characteristics of double-glazed windows.

Optionally, you can choose colored glass. It will help you create the right style. However, with such products, you must be extremely careful. The main problem of such glasses is high light absorption - up to 70%. Because of this, the material heats up, which can lead to its deformation due to uneven heating of the glued panes. So if you want to install such original double-glazed windows, it is better that only the outer glass be painted. It will be constantly blown with fresh air and thus cooled to normal temperature.

Another important point is the soundproofing properties of glass. The special glasses listed above also have increased sound insulation, as well as protective functions. The soundproofing qualities of a double-glazed window depend on the thickness of the glass. If you need to ensure perfect silence, order a double-glazed window not with standard glasses of 4 mm, but of 5-6 mm. The same advice is valid for residents of apartments on the upper floors of high-rise buildings - thicker glass will better protect against strong winds.

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Earlier it was noted that in modern double-glazed windows, glasses are installed at a distance of less than 2 cm from each other. Usually it is 6-16 mm. The more cameras, the shorter the distance, as a rule. Here everything rests on the norm, according to which the thickness of the entire double-glazed window should be no more than 60 mm. However, there is one important caveat here. When forming a window of more than 1 camera, manufacturers often advise making the considered distances different for each camera. This approach is explained by the fact that the symmetry of the system is destroyed, this leads to resonance and the soundproofing qualities of the glass are improved. There are no standards according to which a double-glazed window will be assembled in this way.

As for the issue of sound insulation, there are other points to consider. For example, by increasing the distance between the glasses by only 3 mm, the sound insulation index increases by an average of 10%. Therefore, if silence is important, it is better to opt for glasses with a 16 mm ball. However, a double-glazed window is an even more preferable option: its sound insulation index is on average 40-45% higher compared to a single-chamber counterpart.

Even if a couple of years ago, friends or relatives advised you those double-glazed windows that retain heat better and look more beautiful, today ten times more manufacturers have appeared on the market, and the choice on the advice of relatives, alas, is obsolete. This problem arises more often for those who are ripe for the repair of an old apartment or have purchased housing in the secondary market - as a rule, new buildings are equipped with double-glazed windows of the basic configuration, and this is enough.

To understand which double-glazed windows to order, which ones are best suited for Khrushchev, Stalin or Czech, you need to understand not only the engineering tricks of the building, but also the manufacturing companies, and most importantly, the characteristics of various

Indicators of the specific functionality of double-glazed windows

Often, manufacturers play on the ignorance of buyers with incomprehensible numbers and characteristics: “We install sliding double-glazed windows with a thickening of up to 36 mm, 4-6-4-6-4, 0.54 m2 C ° / W. Quickly and efficiently". So think about it, they circled you around your finger or didn’t have time.

Let's start with the simplest and most modifiable characteristic of double-glazed windows - such as thickness. Firms insist on the need to use window packages with a width of exactly 36 mm instead of the established 24 mm, in terms of the fact that it is 60-70 percent warmer. In general, this is true from the point of view of physics, because double-glazed windows - which ones are best shown with an example - consist of several blocks according to the “sandwich” scheme. Between the glasses there are gas fillers: oxygen requires 15 mm distance between the glasses, krypton - 9 mm, argon - 12 mm. But here we are studying the effect of only recoil, omitting from which up to 75% of heat loss is associated. This is where the answer to the question lies: the thermal conductivity of windows depends not only on the thickness of the packages, and it is almost pointless to order them thicker than 24 mm.

Another factor in the requirements for the task: "Insulating glass - which is better to choose?" - the temperature of the internal surfaces of the glass blocks. The presence of condensate depends on it - an unpleasant surprise that loggias and balconies surprise in the cold season. The lowering of cold air streams to the bottom of the double-glazed window plays its role here - thereby only the edges of the windows fog up.

How not to fall for the bait and choose the best double-glazed window?

Before making a purchase and drawing up an installation contract, study the attached documentation for windows and compare it with the requirements of SNiP: what is the resistance, thickness and heat transfer of the package, the internal temperature of the glass surface?

Remember that flashy promotional offers of tempting additional features are often only needed to increase demand, in fact, only worsening or not affecting the functionality of windows. Much also depends on the installation work. For example, it is not a fact that sound insulation is determined by the thickness of the glass - rather, the number and type of air layers, the uniformity of the glass thickness and their composition.

When thinking about which double-glazed windows are better to choose, pay attention to the presence of markings and the presence of heavy compounds in the composition - lead and cadmium. After all, high-quality windows in an apartment are not only communication with the outside world, but also a guarantee of the health of the household.

Before proceeding to the choice of a double-glazed window, it is necessary to understand what it is. A double-glazed window is that part of the window through which you look on the street, that is: the transparent part of the window. Double-glazed windows are practical, convenient and comfortable.

Compared with traditional wooden windows, they are more convenient to use, have a long service life, and retain heat better. In addition, you do not have to paint them several times a year and seal them for the winter. And most importantly, they are environmentally friendly.

How to choose the right double-glazed window, what should be taken into account when choosing, how not to make a mistake? First of all, you should pay attention to the manufacturer.

How to choose a manufacturer

First of all, you must decide which manufacturer to prefer: domestic or foreign.

It is desirable that it be a well-known company with worldwide recognition. When choosing windows, you do not need to pay attention only to the geographical location of the company, it is better to look at international standards. To do this, ask the manufacturer to show the warranty certificates. Thus, you will provide yourself and be sure of the quality.

Number of cameras

Which double-glazed window to choose: single-chamber or double-chamber? It is this question that causes the most doubts when choosing a double-glazed window.

Single chamber

Such double-glazed windows are more economical, therefore they let in daylight worse, they do not retain heat well in an apartment or house, which is why they are not suitable for our climate.

Most often, single-chamber double-glazed windows are used for glazing balconies, unheated premises and consist of two glasses.

Double chamber

This type is the most common. They well protect the room from a noisy environment, perfectly retain heat and save money.

Such a double-glazed window consists of three glasses. The width of the glass is selected depending on your preferences and can be of a wide variety of thicknesses.

Soundproof

Such double-glazed windows are suitable for those whose life outside the window never ceases to boil. Soundproof double-glazed windows will save you from traffic noise, loud music, noisy companies. To dampen the sound, a tight clamp of the doors and geometric joints is used. All cameras and frames in such a window differ from each other in width (6 and 4 mm) and quality.

Protective

Typically, impact-resistant glass is used for glazing shop windows, objects where cultural and historical values ​​are stored, in children's rooms and in the automotive industry. To create such a window, glass is used, consisting of several layers.

In such double-glazed windows, one of two types of protection is used: the application of an armored film (most often used in offices, banks) or the use of Triplex technology (ideal for country houses, cottages). A big plus of protective steols is their bulletproofness.

Sunscreen

This type of double-glazed windows protects the owners from excessive ultraviolet radiation. Most often, such glasses are placed in bedrooms, bathrooms, rooms located on the sunny side.

To create such a window, reflective or tempered glass, tinting can be used.

Tinting allows you to hide the room from the prying eyes of passers-by, is sometimes used for decoration purposes and has all the properties of double-glazed windows except for opacity.

energy saving

The main purpose of such a double-glazed window is to retain heat. Depending on the coating, such glass can be either soft or hard.

Soft glass is obtained by applying a film to ordinary glass, warm glass is made by applying a special sputtering.

Such a double-glazed window saves 30% more heat, it reflects ultraviolet rays well and is protected from various mechanical damages.

How to choose a double-glazed window for a house, depending on the gas filling

In the classic version of double-glazed windows, the space between the glasses is filled with air isolated from the external environment. But there are options in which fillers such as argon and krypton, i.e., inert gases, are used instead of air. Due to this, the heat-insulating properties of the double-glazed window increase by 5%. Thus, you will be able to save at least 25% of the heat that goes into the external environment. In addition, double-glazed windows filled with inert gases increase sound insulation.

Distance between panes

Asking the question: “How to choose a double-glazed window”, be sure to pay attention to the distance between the glasses. In most double-glazed windows, glasses are usually installed at a distance of up to 2 cm from each other. Most often it is from 6 to 16 mm. The distance between the panes varies depending on the number of cameras: the more cameras, the smaller the distance.

In order not to exceed the norm, manufacturers advise choosing a different distance between the glasses: somewhere less, somewhere more. In addition, such a solution will improve the soundproofing and hermetic qualities of a double-glazed window.

Soundproofing is a little different. With an increase in the distance between the glasses by 3 mm, its sound insulation indicators increase by 10%. Therefore, if it is the sound insulation of windows that is your priority, then preference should be given in favor of glasses with a distance of 16 mm. The ideal solution would be a double-glazed window, which has a sound insulation performance of 40-45% higher compared to a single-chamber window.

How to choose a profile for a plastic window

The profile is a window frame of a double-glazed window. You can choose wood, aluminum or plastic frame. Plastic profiles are considered the most practical and economical. According to their value, they are divided into three groups:

• Economical . Such frames are made from local raw materials, they are characterized by a more simplified design or are made using primitive technology. Most often, economy class profiles are produced by Russian trademarks.
• Medium . The middle class includes higher quality frames made in Europe. It is these profiles that are the most popular due to the fact that they combine high quality and affordable price. Such frames are characterized by strong reinforcement, good color, resistance to various mechanical damage.
• Premium . The premium class includes world famous brands. They are of impeccable quality and occupy a strong position in the market.

The choice of profile largely depends on the preferences and taste of the buyer. The surface of the frame can be smooth, rounded, glossy or matte, have different shades.

Reinforcement of a plastic window

As a result of reinforcement from ordinary plastic, you can get metal-plastic. To make the window block more rigid and durable, a steel profile is inserted into the chamber. Thus, a frame is formed inside the window block.

Accessories for plastic windows

If you are thinking about how to choose the right double-glazed window for your home, then you need to focus on the fittings of the double-glazed window. The slightest marriage of fittings can disrupt the main functions of the window. It is the design that determines the life of the window.

Fittings are all window mechanisms that ensure the full functioning of the window. These mechanisms include latches, hinges, handles, rods, brackets, all the elements necessary for full opening and closing.

Installing cheap fittings can lead to constant drafts and broken hinges. Typically, such fittings are made of soft metal and have a short service life.

Visual assessment of a double-glazed window

An equally important factor is the visual assessment of the double-glazed window. Please note that the product is labelled. Marking is made around the entire perimeter of the frame. Reputable trademarks and premium brands indicate the phone number in addition to the brand. In case of marriage, you can contact this number and replace the window in the near future.

Attention ! The marking should indicate information about the manufacturer, materials and date of manufacture.

There should be no cracks or chips on the double-glazed window. Please note that the glass is smooth and does not have any optical distortion, obvious defects. Check the quality of the sealant. If the double-glazed window meets all the requirements, you can pay for the purchase without hesitation.

In this article, we will limit ourselves to only the most common double-glazed windows with frames made of plastic profiles, although there are double-glazed windows with wooden frames and aluminum profiles. But only plastic ones, as the most versatile and economically viable, are represented by a wide variety of brands and designs.

"I need double glazing"- with these words 99% of customers address the double-glazed company. "Leave us the dimensions and tell us what you are going to glaze - a balcony, a kitchen or a hall. Our specialist will calculate and tell you the price. For dismantling and installation, add 5 and 15% of the cost of the order" - they answer him in 99% of cases

Everything seems to be simple: it is important for the company how much to charge you. But for you - what double-glazed windows you will get for your money.

But a square meter of double-glazed windows can cost $50 or $250 - and this despite the fact that prices for frame materials, glass or fittings from different manufacturers can differ by less than 30%. The cost strongly depends not only on the quality and type of components, but also on the number of components and the configuration of the double-glazed window. So, this needs to be figured out.

We'll warn you right away- good glazing cannot be made cheap. Theoretically, you can do this: order windows from the highest quality components, and save on complex and expensive opening structures, preferring deaf ones, which are several times cheaper. But after a while you will realize that it is almost impossible to wash such a window from the outside, and it is extremely inconvenient to use it when the weather is bad outside. You can go the other way: literally everything will open in the window, and savings will be achieved on the quality of workmanship and the cost of materials, accessories. Only then do you find that the window has terrible sound insulation, it fogs up, sags and fades.

First step to saving money- find the optimal configuration of the deaf and moving parts of your windows.

Further, many simplify the task. Having chosen any one combination of a profile for a window frame and, in fact, a double-glazed window, all windows of the same type are ordered. Yes, and the sellers are urging on this: "Your windows will all be the same."

Do they need to be the same? On a loggia with a large glazing area, it is more reasonable to install double-glazed windows with improved thermal protection, while in the kitchen there is no need for high thermal protection - it is better to put a window that can open both as a whole and forming a small gap. In the living room, for example, you want to put tinted windows, and in the bedroom - soundproof double-glazed windows. At the same time, the owners of cottages may have special requirements in general - that the window glass be armored with a film, that it should have anti-burglary fastening and locks, that it should have the required texture of the exterior finish of the frame ...

Take a closer look at the proposed double-glazed windows. Outwardly, they may look the same, but they can be arranged in different ways, respectively, in different ways and cost. For example, for thermal insulation, the thickness of the double-glazed window installed in the window and the chamber profile of the frame are of great importance (chambers are air gaps in the profile (frame) that prevent heat leakage, like the air between the glasses).

Thin European 60-64 mm profiles do not accommodate double-glazed windows that have four chambers necessary for our frosts inside, moreover, they are not suitable for installing double-glazed windows of sufficient thickness.

To improve thermal insulation properties instead of air, krypton or argon is sometimes pumped into the inter-glass space of double-glazed windows (these gases conduct heat worse), and glass with heat-reflecting coatings is also used in them. However, the advantages of high-tech double-glazed windows are easily negated by banal gaps in the frames or the already mentioned thin euro-profiles. Still, the thickness of the air layers, the absence of gaps and 4-chamber frames are much more important for saving heat.

Another problem is related to low temperatures. Some plastic profiles become too brittle in severe frosts and cannot resist vandals. So when choosing branded European profiles, make sure that they correspond to our harsh climate in terms of temperature range.

Some companies offer rather thick five- and even six-chamber profiles for double-glazed windows. However, chasing more thermal protection does not always make sense - in some cases, the best solution is to use overhead frames on the outside, which increase the number of cameras to the required level. And then not in all rooms it is so important to keep warm without fail.

But the sound insulation depends not so much on the thickness of the double-glazed window how much depends on other factors: on the number of air gaps, on whether the inter-glass distance is different for each layer, on the use of glasses of different thicknesses, on the type of glasses themselves (for example, multilayer triplexes dampen noise better). If these requirements are not met and your glasses are ordinary, their thickness and the gaps between them are the same, then even a four-layer double-glazed window will not help much in the fight against street noise ... It turns out that different double-glazed windows are needed for thermal insulation and sound insulation.

For opening structures, it is important that the profile has steel reinforcements inside, to which all fittings must be attached (otherwise it happens that the fittings are screwed directly to the plastic of the profile - this quickly breaks). The window design itself must be rigid and not too massive, so that after a few years it does not deform under its own weight. Reputable companies offer double-glazed windows made of environmentally friendly materials and provide their products with full warranty support. The composition of PVC plastic for the profile includes reinforcing and stabilizing additives. For inexpensive profiles, these are compounds of lead and cadmium. Ecologically clean - non-toxic additives of zinc and titanium compounds.

The latter are, of course, more expensive. But even very cheap profiles can also be formally "environmentally friendly". But their strength properties and resistance to fading leaves much to be desired.

Qualitatively manufactured products are most easily distinguished by the presence of a brand or company logo, which can be found around the entire perimeter of the frame. On the windows of German manufacturers, there must also be a special quality mark. The most responsible companies, in addition to the brand, put a personal number on each double-glazed product and store all the parameters of this particular double-glazed window in their database. If something happens to the product, it is enough to call and tell the manufacturer this number in order to receive an exact copy for replacement in a few days.

Finally, let's give a banal but effective advice: take a look at the documentation.

Not everyone can afford to spend money on prestigious branded and numbered double-glazed windows made of environmentally friendly materials and with timeless fittings. However, then at least make sure that you have product certificates and licenses for manufacturing and installation activities - preferably before you make a purchase decision.