Geyser how to use. Do-it-yourself installation of a gas column in an apartment: requirements and technical standards for installation. Column layout rules

Question: What is the difference between gas water heaters with piezoelectric ignition and electronic ignition?

Answer: Gas water heaters may differ in the type of ignition. For devices with piezoelectric ignition, thanks to the piezoelectric element, the igniter lights up. By pressing the button once, at the beginning of its operation, the device is activated and subsequently works automatically after opening the tap.
The device with the method is ignited by electric batteries, on average they last for a year of use. There is no constantly burning igniter here, so it can be considered more economical, since there is no constant gas consumption. It works automatically when the tap is opened and also turns off. Such gas models are considered more comfortable and of higher quality, but they are slightly more expensive than their counterparts.

Question: What does the term "flame modulation" mean?

Answer: Flame modulation is one of the functions of a gas water heater, with its help there is a change in the intensity of combustion. The flame can be adjusted depending on how hot you need the water. This allows you to regulate the supply of fuel, and hence its consumption. Such devices have several clear advantages over other models.
First, the water after heating is at a constant temperature, without jumps and interruptions.
Secondly, they are very convenient in everyday use. In addition, this is a great way not only to control the power of your gas water heater, but also to reduce energy costs.

Question: Can gas water heaters work not on natural gas, but on liquefied gas?

Answer: All geysers are designed to run on natural gas. To convert your gas water heater to LPG, it is best to seek the help of a specialist. The reconstruction of such units is carried out mainly at factories. For this, special nozzles and spare parts are used, then automation is adjusted. Note that the use of liquefied gas is a much more expensive procedure than its natural counterpart. Special containers are required for the storage and transportation of such fuel. The use of domestic cylinders is enough for no more than two days of operation in maximum mode.

Question: What does open and closed combustion chamber mean?

Answer: In water heaters, the products of gas combustion must be removed from the combustion chamber. If it is open, then the discharge occurs naturally through the chimney. A forced draft is created in the chamber in order to remove the combustion products through a coaxial metal hose, which is taken out of the room through a window or wall. The advantage of the latter system is the savings in installation, as no chimney is required. The disadvantage is less power and higher cost. The most common are geysers with an open combustion chamber. They have high efficiency and are safer to use.

Question: How do gas water heaters work without auto ignition?

Answer: To turn on the gas water heater with piezo ignition, you need to press a special button. A spark jumps, which lights a small wick. The inconvenience of such a system is that ignition does not always occur the first time. Then - after the water tap is opened - the burner will work at full capacity. The temperature of water heating is regulated by changing its pressure or using the mode controller. When the water is shut off, only the burning wick will remain. It can not be extinguished to work in standby mode. If the user is away from home for a long time, it is better to turn off the water heater by turning off the gas. The main advantage of a geyser without auto-ignition is its lower cost. In addition, a burning wick allows you to ignite the device at low water pressure.

Question: What security systems are equipped with gas water heaters?

Answer: Among the protective systems that ensure the safe use of devices, there are two main ones. The first monitors the presence of a flame to prevent gas leakage. In most cases, a thermocouple is used. It will respond to a decrease in temperature if the burner goes out. Thus, in the event of an accident, for example, if the fire is flooded with water, the gas supply is stopped. Ionized flame control can be used alone or in conjunction with a thermocouple.
The second mandatory protective system is a thrust sensor. If the operation of the chimney is disturbed in any way, for example, as a result of its pollution or destruction, then combustion products will begin to be released into the room. This would threaten the user with poisoning, but a triggered draft sensor stops the gas supply in time. Geysers are also equipped with a hydraulic valve. It also turns off the gas, but reacts to the absence of water in the heat exchanger, protecting it from overheating.

Question: What is the difference between gas storage and electric storage?

Answer: Accumulative gas water heaters are equipped with a tank of up to 300 liters, the largest are designed for floor installation. The tank, just like in electric ones, has a protective coating (enamel) and is equipped with a magnesium anode. From the outside it is covered with a layer of thermal insulation. Instead of heating elements, water is heated using a gas burner. It allows you to get high power and heats more water faster. Gas water heaters are more difficult to install. For devices with an open burner, a chimney is required. An exhaust hood is an obligatory design element for the removal of combustion products. Gas water heaters are more expensive than electric water heaters, but they run on a cheaper energy source.

Q: How does a gas storage water heater work?

Answer: The heating of water in the storage tank comes from the walls of the burner and the chimney pipes that pass through it. Gas burns inside the burner, and the products of combustion rise under the action of natural draft and are removed into the chimney. After the water is heated to the set temperature, the thermostat activates and the burner turns off. As soon as hot water begins to be consumed, cold water is added to the tank. The thermostat, fixing the decrease in temperature, gives a signal to turn on the burner. Since the already heated water is at the top, the user continues to use it. It does not mix with the cold that comes from below. Gas storage water heaters can serve several points of water intake.

Question: Is it possible to make a heating system based on a geyser?

Answer: Flowing gas water heaters are not designed for use in closed systems. A necessary condition for their work is a strong flow of water. Theoretically, the heating system can be built on the basis of a storage gas water heater. Such a device is equipped with a tank with a volume of 50 to 300 liters. Models from 125 l are designed for floor installation. They provide an outlet for organizing a water recirculation system, i.e., you can make a closed hot water circuit. This means that in such a system it is possible to put a coil (towel dryer) in the bathroom without using additional equipment, except for the water heater itself and pipes. That's all the manufacturer can do. Conversion to a heating system in practice, the user performs at his own risk. In such cases, they also use a pump, a temperature controller. It is more rational to think about purchasing a boiler.

Question: How do gas water heaters with electric ignition work, do I need to change batteries often?

Answer: Gas instantaneous water heaters with ignition from batteries are produced by all manufacturers of equipment of this type. Currently, they are the most popular, since, unlike piezo ignition columns, most models have a modulated burner. Such devices work as follows. After opening the tap with hot water, the electronic unit is switched on. Receiving a spark from the batteries, he ignites the igniter, after which the entire burner begins to function. Shutdown also occurs automatically. After the water tap is turned off, the gas supply stops and the flame goes out. Thus, the user only needs to approach the water heater when it is necessary to change the heating temperature. Battery life depends both on the column itself and on their quality. In European-made equipment, they are changed every 1-2 years.

Care, maintenance, operation

Question: Can hot water be diluted with cold water in the faucet?

Answer: It is not recommended to dilute hot water with cold water when using a geyser. Usually this method is used when, when the pressure in the system is reduced, the water becomes too hot or the user likes to take a shower under high pressure. If you open a cold water faucet, you can quickly get the temperature comfortable for use and increase the flow. But at the same time, in the water heater itself, the burner begins to heat up even more. As a result, it becomes clogged with scale faster. If you do not wash it, then it will fail. It is more correct to adjust the heating temperature by changing the water pressure, reducing or increasing the burner flame. The most user-friendly modern units with a modulating burner. With them, there is even no need to add cold water.

Question: What are the rules for safe operation?

Answer: Flammable substances, such as gasoline or paint, must not be stored in the room where the gas water heater operates. There must be sufficient draft in the chimney. You can check it with a piece of paper sticking to the chimney hole, or with a candle, the flame of which is drawn in and goes out. Water heaters are equipped with protective devices, they must not be turned off. The unit must be connected by a specialist. After that, it is impossible to independently make any changes to its design, to the gas supply system and the removal of combustion products. The room must always be ventilated. After turning on the water heater, very hot water may flow for some time, this must be taken into account so as not to get burned.

Question: Will the water heater work on gas cylinders?

Answer: The possibility of this needs to be clarified for each model. If this is not prohibited and the gas water heater needs to be set to operate on LPG, this must be done by a technical service specialist. In general, the units available for sale on the website of our online store are configured for natural gas. The liquefied gas cylinder must have a 30 mbar reducer. It is placed in a strictly vertical position. To connect to the water heater, use a hose no longer than 125 cm. The places of its fastening are fixed with clamps. The tightness of the connection is checked with soapy water. Gas cylinders must not be overheated and left in the cold. They need to be stored in a warm room, in basements - it is impossible. Children must be kept away from the equipment. In the kitchen, you can use cylinders of 12 liters. The container must not be damaged.

Question: How to care for a gas water heater?

Answer: Manufacturers recommend that gas water heaters be serviced once a year. In addition to washing the housing, which is carried out with a rag and soapy water, the burner and heat exchanger are cleaned once a year. To do this, turn off the gas supply and disassemble the body of the water heater. The burner tubes are purged and the thermocouple is brushed. The heat exchanger and combustion chamber are also cleaned with a brush. It is necessary to remove the scale that forms due to the high hardness of the water. Inside the heat exchanger is washed with a special solution. If this procedure is not followed, it may become clogged to such an extent that the water pressure will be significantly reduced. In order to get to the heat exchanger, you need to drain the water and remove the combustion chamber.

Question: Is freezing of water dangerous for an instantaneous gas water heater?

Answer: Due to the danger of freezing, the water heater may only be installed in heated rooms. If it is located in the country, then in winter it is recommended to insulate pipes. Water remains in the gas column heat exchanger, as in the entire pipe system, if it freezes, it is possible that the most expensive part of the water heater - the heat exchanger - will have to be replaced. If there is a risk of freezing, to avoid bursting of pipes, the water must be drained. To do this, close the gas valve and the valve with cold water. The device has a drain plug, it is removed and all hot water taps are opened.

Question: What adjustments are available to the user?

Answer: Most of the instantaneous water heaters presented in our online store are equipped with two control knobs. With one it is possible to increase (turn to the right) or decrease (turn to the left) the outlet water temperature. You can adjust both before turning on and during operation of the gas column. Often, its owner only needs to set the handle to the desired position once, and when the device is turned on, he will receive water with the same temperature, comfortable for use. The second regulator changes the gas supply. With it, you can reduce the power up to 50%. This saves energy consumption, for example, in summer, when the inlet water temperature is higher. This option will bring tangible benefits if a gas meter is installed.

Question: What is the service life of gas water heaters?

Answer: For gas instantaneous water heaters, manufacturers set a service life of 10 years or more. The durability of the storage type device is mainly determined by the condition of the internal tank. In some cases, the magnesium anode does not require replacement for 5 years. The equipment may well last 15 years. It should be borne in mind that gas equipment cannot be used longer than the resource allotted for it. Gas service workers who check chimneys have the right to demand the replacement of an obsolete gas water heater. In many homes, old-generation geysers, released 20-30 years ago, are still working. Often, they are not equipped with protective devices and their further operation is dangerous. In Moscow and in some regions, work on their replacement is controlled by the relevant services.

Choosing a water heater

Question: What characteristic should be guided by when choosing equipment?

Answer: Although the results depend on the power, the more indicative characteristic of the instantaneous gas water heater for the user is the performance. It is expressed in liters per minute. It is quite possible to measure your own demand for hot water. Place a container of known volume. Open the water faucet so that you get the desired pressure. It remains only to measure the time for which the container will be filled. Thus, you can determine which performance is needed for the shower and which for washing dishes. Hot water may be required at two points at the same time, so add up both results. Many buyers place more value not on performance but on convenience, so they look to see if the water heater has auto-ignition. This function ensures that the column automatically turns on after opening the tap with water.

Question: In what cases should a storage type device be preferred?

Answer: Accumulative gas water heaters can operate at low water pressure, so they are installed in summer cottages. In this case, the presence of water supply is not necessary, you can use a reservoir. They economically consume fuel, which is of great importance if the unit runs on bottled gas. Since less gas is burned, other requirements are imposed on the chimney, a narrower diameter is allowed. Unlike flow-through devices, storage devices operate silently. They have advantages when operating in hard water conditions, since their heat exchanger does not become clogged with scale. Accumulative last a long time. Finally, when the water is turned off, they provide a large supply of liquid.

Mounting and installation

Question: Are gas water heaters allowed in the bathroom?

Answer: Gas water heaters are recommended to be installed in the kitchen. As a rule, it is this room that meets all the requirements. First, it has the necessary air flow. It must circulate freely in space. To do this, holes are made at the bottom of the door. The advantage of the kitchen is the presence of a ventilation duct and the possibility of ventilation through an open window. In bathrooms, it is not always possible to ensure a constant supply of fresh air, in particular, during operation of the column. The second requirement concerns the floor space. It should not be less than 6 sq. m for a storage gas water heater and 7.5 sq. m for flowing. Standard bathrooms are small.

Question: How to install a gas water heater?

Answer: The installation of a gas water heater must be carried out by a specialist. Otherwise, the manufacturer's warranty will not apply. For installation, choose a place that is closer to the chimney and water points. The device must not be placed above a stove or radiator. If an open flame poses a danger to the user, then freezing will disable the water heater itself. Therefore, it cannot be installed in unheated rooms. Flow devices can be hung close to the wall. Fastening should be as reliable as possible. Many accumulative can be installed on the floor, while they can not be pressed against the wall. There must be a free space of at least 30 cm around the device. It is recommended to use metal-plastic pipes for water.

Question: What are the requirements for water and gas pipelines?

Answer: For storage gas water heaters, the maximum inlet water pressure must not exceed 8 bar. If it is not necessary to indicate the minimum pressure for them, then this indicator is important for a flow-type device. With insufficient pressure (less than 0.5-0.35 bar), the geyser will either simply not work, or it will overheat, which will shorten its service life. To solve the problem of low water pressure, you can use a special pump. Since the condition for the "flow" to work is an intense water pressure, the maximum inlet pressure can be quite high - 13 bar. For gas, a characteristic of the nominal pressure is given, for columns it is 13 bar, for storage water heaters - 20 bar. At the same time, the gas consumption of the latter is 2-3 times less.

Questions from users

Question: Is it possible to use a gas water heater if the water pressure is weak, but it happens that there is no water, if so, which one (flow or storage)?

Answer: If a centralized gas network is connected to your house, but the pressure in the supply plumbing system is unstable, the column (flow) will not work - it needs a strong supply to work. The best solution for your situation is a gas storage water heater. It has a tank in which a sufficient supply of water (50-350 l) is created, and where it is heated to the desired temperature. Even if the liquid enters in a thin stream, gradually the reservoir is still filled. At the same time, you can spend warm water freely, even opening taps at the same time in several places - the pressure will not drop until the tank is completely empty.
The only inconvenience associated with the use of storage-type heaters is that it takes some time to wait for the tank to fill and bring the liquid to the desired temperature. However, a full tank usually heats up in an average of an hour.

Question: Do I need permission from the "gas workers" to install a gas column? And who exactly can install them? gas experts?

Answer: Before installing a geyser, it is imperative to collect and issue the following necessary permits: from the REP (repair and maintenance enterprise), from the fire, gas service, and also from the “stove”.
It is better to entrust the installation of a geyser to employees of the gas service or a specialized organization that has permission to carry out these works, as well as registration with the gas technical authority. The master who installs the column must have a permit to carry out gas hazardous work. Please note that the issuance of a permit is paid.
Before installing a geyser, it is imperative to conclude an agreement for its maintenance with the organization that carries out the installation. The warranty card must be stamped, otherwise, in the event of a breakdown of the equipment, repairs will have to be carried out at your own expense.

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Which column is considered old? Given the improving models that appear on store shelves almost daily, last year's modification is already ancient. That is why in this article we will consider the features of igniting a column with an ignition wick - such burned in the middle of the last century, and in some modern houses (the function is provided in newer "old" modifications of columns). Recall that the wick is ignited by the flame of a match or the sparks of a piezo lighter.

Security level of old speakers

Until recently, kitchens of high-rise buildings and entire neighborhoods were equipped with gas water heaters. Today, in the face of increased requirements for the safety and reliability of units, users are concerned about the safety of their “out of fashion” speakers.

On the one hand, they, of course, lack super fancy features, such as, for example, a gas trap, auto-off, automatic ignition, protection from everything in the world. At the same time, rumors about the insecurity of devices appear in the media and online platforms every now and then. We decided to find out how they have the right to exist.

Our verdict is this: if possible, and live in peace, but in the absence of what you want, the geyser will normally “work out” your requirements.

Operation - ignition: everything is simple, but not at all as we thought

For users accustomed to the wonders of technology, the procedure for setting fire to the column, which your grandmother apparently resorted to, may seem strange. Do not succumb to difficulties! Since the older generation has mastered it, we will not lose face, we will cope with the old technology! We tell you how to turn on the geyser, which belongs to the modifications of the old model:

1. If it has not been turned on for a long time, check the level of air exchange in the kitchen. Traditionally, this was solved very simply: a gap of several centimeters was left under the doors to the kitchen. Let the sound and smell insulation leave much to be desired, but safety is guaranteed!

2. Test the chimney draft that releases carbon monoxide. Stagnant phenomena in the chimney can be triggered by alterations during repair work, the accumulation of debris, and even a plug created from cold air. In the first two cases, the help of a specialist will be required. In the latter, it is enough to direct a stream of warm air into the chimney. For example, you can restore traction by simply turning on the hair dryer and directing the flow of hot air emanating from it into the pipe. Chimney columns are still widely used by users today.

3. Check the operation of the gas cock. After the valve is opened, no characteristic odor should be felt. Connections can be checked by treating with soapy water. Starting to bubble? There is a leak somewhere. Call the master.

Advice: Are you in doubt about the correctness of the unit? Never use technology! It would be much better to call a gasman who will check the health of the gas column, fix the breakdowns and demonstrate how to properly use it for its intended purpose.

No faults found? We light:

Advice: note! The degree of water heating is controlled directly in the gas column. The use of a mixer provokes clogging and failure of the heat exchanger.

We hope that the information provided has helped you to understand how to light a geyser belonging to old-style models.

Flowing gas water heaters are a traditional attribute of old housing stock. This type of equipment is little known to owners of apartments in high-rise buildings with centralized hot water supply. However, the owners of Khrushchev are still actively exploiting it. Not all of them know how to install a gas column in an apartment.

Agree, this issue needs a thorough analysis. Illiterate installation of a gas processing unit will result in a serious threat. The information presented in our very useful article will help eliminate the slightest risks. We will acquaint you with all the subtleties and details of the installation process.

The carefully checked and systematized information presented by us is supported by photo collections and videos. Here you will receive full answers to all possible questions that arise when connecting gas units.

In a house where the installation of gas equipment, such as a stove, is allowed, installation of a column may be prohibited. This restriction applies to houses with more than 11 floors. Not a single regulatory authority will issue a permit for installing a column in such an apartment, as this is dangerous for residents.

In addition to the number of storeys, redevelopment may become a reason for refusal. Studio apartments are not suitable for the installation of gas equipment, as the devices must be installed in non-residential premises.

If the kitchen is combined with the living room, then this makes the use of gas appliances illegal. Before redevelopment, these restrictions must be taken into account. The same can be attributed to apartments where the kitchen is missing or is shared.

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If the house does not fall under these restrictions, then it is necessary to collect a package of documents for registering the device.

The procedure is as follows:

1. Write an application to the gas distribution company.
2. Get a plan from BTI or Rosreestr.
3. Provide an extract from Rosreestr confirming ownership.
4. Contact the relevant organization to draw up a project.
5. Find certified specialists from an organization that has a permit for gas work.

After that, specialists will make a tie-in into the gas pipe, connect the device and put the water heater into operation.

Ventilation and chimney requirements

An air vent is required to circulate the air in the room. It should not be clogged, air should pass through it calmly. If you neglect this rule, then in the event of a gas leak, the tenants of the apartment will get poisoned with serious consequences.

The risk of household gas detonation will increase significantly if it is not removed naturally, since a leak can occur at night, when a person is not able to detect it.

For the normal functioning of the gas column, you need additionally. It can be brought into the general house system or directly to the street. When constructing a chimney, it must be taken into account that it cannot have more than two bends at an angle of 90 degrees.

The total length of the chimney must not exceed three meters. Three options for the location of the chimney pipe are allowed.

Chimney device in an apartment with wooden walls

In wooden houses, the use of a blue fuel water heater is allowed, but fire safety standards for installing a gas column must be observed. The chimney cannot come into contact with wood; non-combustible material must be placed between them.

Basalt or mineral wool can be used as thermal insulation. Use of heat-resistant polyurethane foam is allowed.

This is necessary to prevent fire in case of strong heating of the chimney. As a rule, chimneys are not provided in old-built wooden houses, or they are designed for stove heating. It is forbidden to install gas equipment in emergency houses.

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Column layout rules

The water heater cannot be located on the bearing wall of the building. This is expressly prohibited by the requirements for the installation of gas water heaters. In the event of an explosion, this may cause damage to the building or its partial destruction.

To clarify the possibility of installing the device, you need to take information from the cadastral passport of the apartment and the general plan of the house. This information can be clarified by calling specialists.

There are space requirements from the column itself to the opposite wall. The distance should not be less than one meter. This is necessary for free access to the device for its maintenance and inspection. Also, you can not mount pipes for gas supply to the walls.

This makes it difficult to inspect communications and search for gas leaks in the apartment. If this violation is detected, an order to eliminate it will be issued and information will be explained on how to properly install the gas water heater and where to turn.

The wall where the column is to be installed must be prepared accordingly. Combustible materials such as wallpaper and PVC panels must be removed from it.

The column should be located at a distance of more than 10 cm from the wall. It is not allowed to install a gas water heater on a wooden wall without prior preparation. A steel plate equal to or larger than the rear wall of the instrument must be installed at the installation site.

It is not allowed to install a column above a gas stove. These devices must be at least 1 meter apart. Also, it cannot be used as an outlet for combustion products. It is impossible to use one chimney for an extract and a geyser. This is expressly prohibited by the safety regulations.

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Specifics of gas supply installation

The pipes located in the apartment are the property of its owner, but unauthorized changes in the gas supply system cannot be made. For any changes, you must obtain permission from the gas service, otherwise a fine will be issued.

If it has already been installed in this place, then this will not cause significant changes in the project. It is enough to turn off the gas valve on the pipe and replace it. If the water heater is installed for the first time, then you need to do the wiring.

When installing pipes yourself, the following rules must be observed:

1. Shut off the gas before starting work.
2. Carry out work with an open window.
3. Remove debris from pipes that have arisen during installation.
4. Do not pass pipes through door and window openings.
5. Do not use the ventilation shaft for pipe laying.
6. Do not mount the gas pipeline in the wall.
7. Do not use flexible hoses longer than 3 meters.
8. Paint metal pipes.

Particular attention should be paid to sealing the connecting elements of the gas pipeline. To do this, you need to use a sealant and sealant. After the wiring is completed, you can proceed with the installation of the device.

Checking the tightness of gas channels

After installing the water heater, check the gas pipes for leaks. If there is, this greatly simplifies the procedure and improves the quality of the check. If this device is not available, then you can use the old method.

To do this, you need ordinary soap, a jar and a brush. Soap is dissolved in a jar to the state of a liquid emulsion. Then, successively, using a brush, the emulsion is applied to the junctions of the pipes. As you apply, you need to monitor the appearance of bubbles in the treated areas. In case of their appearance, it is necessary to eliminate the leak.

Before checking for leakage, the necessary safety measures must be taken. Be sure to turn off all electrical appliances

Under no circumstances should a gas leak be tested with fire. This is dangerous and may cause an explosion. Do not risk your life and the lives of your neighbors.

Gas equipment needs regular inspection and periodic cleaning. you can do it yourself, but if you have absolutely no experience in servicing such systems, it is better to contact the company that has concluded an agreement with you for the supply of gaseous fuel and maintenance of the devices involved in this.

Analysis of the most common installation errors

The most common mistake is installing a geyser in the bathroom. In this room, as a rule, there is no window. It is especially dangerous to install columns without a chimney. There are models of water heaters in which carbon monoxide exits through holes, and its removal from the room occurs through a vent in the wall.

The second most common mistake is the desire to hide the device so that it does not visually stand out from the interior. Often the geyser is installed in a cabinet. This leads to a violation of the correct functioning of the gas column.

Even if a distance of 10 cm from the walls of the cabinet is observed and there is no bottom bottom, the air flow will still be insufficient to cool the device. It will cool down longer, which will significantly shorten its life.

The third mistake that is often encountered is the confused connection of the gas pipe in the column. This causes water to enter the pipeline. The liquid enters there through the gas column and then moves down the pipes. So water enters the gas equipment of the neighbors from below, completely disabling it.

Liquid removal is carried out by gas services. After a source is found in the owner's apartment, the gas will be turned off and a fine will be issued. This is what the order to turn off the gas looks like

It is impossible to prevent employees of GorGaz from performing a shutdown. In case of refusal, a police squad will be called, as people's lives are endangered.

Liability for unauthorized installation

If the tie-in into the pipe for connecting the column is made bypassing the meter, then such an act falls under Art. 7.19 of the AC RF. For this, administrative liability in the form of penalties is provided.

For individuals, fines range from one and a half to two thousand rubles. This is the least possible measure for illegally connected to the gas system. How the official connection to the centralized gas main is made is described in detail, which we recommend that you familiarize yourself with.

In addition to the administrative code, unauthorized tie-in and installation of gas equipment is subject to Federal Law No. 69 “On Fire Safety”. According to the text of the document, the owner of the property bears administrative or criminal liability, depending on the severity of the consequences.

If the actions cause property damage to third parties, the owner will be obliged to compensate it in full. In addition, a fine of 80,000 rubles may be imposed for violation. If significant harm was caused to the health of neighbors, the owner may be taken under arrest and imprisoned for up to two years.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Roller #1. How to properly connect and seal pipes:

Roller #2. What is the danger of connecting a column without complying with fire regulations:

Roller #3. In the video, a summary of the standards for installing a geyser with a detailed examination of the main points:

If it was decided to install a water heater in the apartment on your own, then it is necessary to do the installation in accordance with all the rules. It is strictly forbidden to save on materials for installation. This is the case when it is better to play it safe and overpay. Otherwise, the consequences can be tragic. It is better to invite a specialist and make a one-time payment than to constantly pay fines from the gas service.

Centralized hot water supply is certainly a convenient thing. But often, when moving into an apartment rented or purchased on the secondary housing market, we come across a strange unit - an old gas water heater. How is it safe to use?

A geyser, or, as it is officially called, a flowing gas water heater, appeared in our country with the beginning of mass housing construction in the 50s of the twentieth century. It was the installation of gas water heaters in apartments that made it possible to quickly solve the problem of hot water supply without the construction of expensive heating plants and pipeline networks.

How to determine the type of gas column?

First of all, let's define the terminology - we will call the old gas column, the design of which provides for a constantly burning ignition wick. The wick is ignited with a match or, in more modern models, with a spark from a hand-held piezoelectric igniter.

The gas water heaters installed in Stalinka and Khrushchev apartments overwhelmingly belong to two varieties - KGI-56 and similar in design L-1, L-2, L-3, GVA-1, GVA-3, early models of VPG. It is easy to distinguish them from each other by the control knobs.

Column KGI-56 (gas column of the Iskra plant, design of 1956) was widely used in the construction of multi-storey buildings in the 50-60s of the last century. It has a rectangular, slightly rounded body with an oval opening for ignition and two levers in the lower part of the body - the ignition burner switch-on lever and the main burner power control lever. In later modifications, a solenoid gas valve button is also installed on the front panel.

Columns of the L (Leningrad), GVA (automatic gas water heater), VPG (flowing gas water heater) series are structurally similar and have one rotary knob in the center and (optionally) an electromagnetic gas valve button.

HSV columns have become perhaps the most common in Russia and were produced in huge batches under various names (Neva 3208, Neva 3210, Neva 3212, Neva 3216, Darina 3010 and others).

The era of mass installation of gas water heaters in our country was short-lived - after 20-25 years, almost all new buildings were connected to hot water supply networks. The columns remained a hallmark of the "Stalin" and "Khrushchev". But their owners do not complain - this is Russia. And while the “lucky ones” with centralized hot water supply every summer for two or three weeks heat water in a basin on the stove, they calmly use hot water. Yes, and the gas column is much cheaper than hot water from pipes.

And therefore, probably, the residents of new buildings pass horror stories to each other about an unknown and terrible device - a gas water heater. And it breaks in a day, and it takes a long time to kindle it, and it is dangerous to use it. Is it really?

Is it safe to use an old gas water heater?

A person who is accustomed to centralized hot water supply usually judges the safety of a geyser based on rumors and speculation of friends and acquaintances. Often, even these people have never seen a gas water heater, especially of an old design. Hence, terrible legends about almost daily explosions of gas water heaters multiply. It comes to the point that some families, living in a rented apartment and having a fully functional apparatus, heat hot water in a basin on the stove.

All these horror stories are greatly exaggerated. Any geyser, even if it was made half a century ago, has safety devices in its design. These devices include a water regulator, a flame sensor, and a draft sensor.

The main burner burns with a non-smoking blue or light yellow flame;

When the taps are closed at the taps or on the inlet pipe, the column goes out immediately, without delay;

The column allows you to adjust the temperature of hot water from barely warm to scalding hot;

The column does not turn off spontaneously during use.

If any of the above is not true, then the column must repair or, if repair is not profitable, replace with a new one.

Please note that 5-10 seconds after the column is turned on, very hot water may flow from the tap for several seconds, gradually being replaced by water of the set temperature. Out of habit, you can get burned, but this is not a malfunction, but a design feature.

Is it possible to use a faulty geyser?

There can only be one answer to this question: absolutely not! And do not be convinced by people who successfully operate a geyser with minor or not very minor malfunctions.

The point here is this. Finding an old gas water heater from the 50s-70s in full working order is quite difficult. Most often, the flame control system turns out to be out of order - it and the new one did not differ in good reliability. Therefore, very often the gas valves in the columns are stuck open. Even the gas workers themselves did this, as it was tight with spare parts. It is easy to determine this - the gas valve button is not pressed or is pressed very easily. With some care, such a column works without problems.

Sometimes the water regulator is faulty. The author himself used a column with such a problem for several years. I had to open the water, and then light the column manually. When turning off, it was necessary to close the gas supply to the main burner and only then turn off the water. It was customary, and even then more than once, due to forgetfulness, it turned out to boil the column.

But for a person who is accustomed to using centralized hot water supply, this is unacceptable! Habits developed over the years are very difficult to change. You can bet on anything that on the first day you will boil a column with a faulty water regulator. Therefore, the device must be in perfect working order.

A gas water heater is an indispensable thing for residents of both their own houses and apartments. Hot water enters the water supply system only in winter. In summer, ice flows from the pipes. Therefore, a device that heats water is the only way out of this situation. But just before operation, you need to learn how to turn on the gas column.

There are many types of water heating devices. But in most houses there are still Soviet units, the kindling of which requires certain knowledge. It's hard to turn them on. This is done using manual ignition, which requires maximum effort and care.

Speakers produced over the past few years have an automatic system and do not require special skills from the person operating them.

How to check traction

The traction test is carried out in open columns, since all modern units have an automatic security system. It, in turn, does not allow the column to be started in the absence of traction. And it can also turn it off if the thrust disappears. But any device can fail, so you should not count on the flawless operation of the automatic column. It is very important to learn how to test yourself. Professionals use a special device when checking. But if it is not available, then it is worth using the old common methods.

• Remove the front panel, take a small strip of paper and bring it as close to the chimney as possible. If he tightens it, then there is traction.
• Bring a lit match close to the viewing window. If it will draw in the flame, then this indicates the presence of thrust.

How to fire up a column

Geysers with a closed chamber are easy to start. The situation is more complicated with devices with an open camera. Before you light the column, you must turn on the igniter.

The sequence of work on columns with piezo ignition is as follows:

• Turn the gas valve and press the manual piezo ignition button.
• Set the desired water temperature.
• Make sure there is water in the heat exchanger.

The sequence of work with electronic ignition of the column:

• Insert batteries into the hole.
• Open the faucet responsible for supplying hot water.

And also it is necessary to eliminate the air lock (if any). To do this, you need to ignite the gas column several times in a row. The main thing is to follow all the recommendations and not allow the device to overheat.

Manual ignition method

This method of ignition is only available on old-style geysers. It is not used in modern models. Manual ignition of the column is done with matches. But first, the following manipulations are done:

• Turn the water tap connected to the column to its working position.
• Unscrew the valve responsible for the flow of fuel into the igniter.
• Ignite the wick with a lit match.
• Start the main gas supply valve.

The disadvantage of such a column is that it is very difficult to use. There will be hot water only if it is lit by a person who knows how to do it right.

With a piezo ignition

Piezo ignition speakers can be called semi-automatic. To ignite the wick located in the combustion chamber, simply press the button. As a result, a spark is created, which helps the filter to catch fire. But this ignition method requires certain conditions to be met:

• First turn on the main fuel regulator, and only then ignite the main burner.
• Even if the regulator is returned to its original position and the water is turned off, the filter will continue to burn.

The disadvantage of such a system is the significant use of fuel. The most popular models of gas water heaters using piezo ignition are Bosch WR 10–2 P miniMAXX-2, Nevalux 5111, Junkers WR 10–2 P.

Automatic method

Such an ignition system is suitable for beginners who are afraid to ignite a gas column on their own. After all, the automatic mode allows you to do everything safely and easily. Modern manufacturers use the Hydropower system, which makes it easy to start the device.

The Bosh Therm 2000 O model, when water pressure is received, activates the turbine. It is responsible for the automatic start of the fuse system - the wick and the main burner.

The Bosh Therm 2000 O and Bosh Therm 4000 O models work with batteries. But they periodically require replacement.

The Bosch AM1E model is made with a built-in digital panel showing all alleged wrong actions.

But in such a convenient system there is a significant drawback. Low water pressure negatively affects the normal functioning of the turbine. This leads to frequent breakdowns.

Column Handling Precautions

Before proceeding with the launch of any equipment, you should carefully read the operating instructions. This also applies to the gas column. Basically, they work on the same principle, but the following security measures should be applied to all of them:

• Regular maintenance and cleaning. This will result in safe operation.
• To do the cleaning correctly, you need to find a specific section on this topic in the instructions for the unit.
• Monitor the heating of the heat exchanger.
• Periodically check flue outlets. Make sure they don't get dirty.
• If you notice any irregularities in the work - immediately call the gas service.

In no case should you repair the damage yourself.

Video: How to light a geyser