Gas boiler without chimney for heating. Parapet boiler: without chimney. Exhaust opening size, placement height

Chimneyless gas boilers are an excellent solution in cases where it is necessary to install a heating device in a small room. They will also help to get out of a situation where it is impossible to equip housing with a stationary chimney. Such a heating system has a special smoke exhaust design, the main advantage of which lies in its compactness and location. It is located directly above the device.

Equipment device

Chimneyless boilers are designed to perform the same function as conventional ones. They are able to heat the room and prepare hot water, but their combustion chamber is arranged a little differently and they work in principle. If a conventional gas apparatus operates due to a chimney and draft, then this model takes in air and exhausts exhaust gases through a coaxial pipe. Equipment of this type can be connected to the system from one or two sides. At the same time, gases are discharged through the inner part of the coaxial pipe, and air is taken into the boiler through the outer part.

The design of the chimney is very convenient to use, besides it is fireproof. The high temperature of the combustion products is extinguished by cold air coming from the street. Another plus is that the boiler is undemanding to the presence of draft and air flow - all these operations are performed forcibly due to the fan built into the equipment.

Types of boilers

Chimneyless boilers can be wall and floor. The most effective gas boilers are wall-mounted, single-circuit, chimneyless. This model performs its main function not only by burning gas, but also by using the residual heat of the condensate obtained from the vapors of the air discharged into the atmosphere. Particularly good results can be achieved with low-temperature operation, in particular, if a certain section of the heating system is made according to the principle of underfloor heating. Since the temperature of the heat carrier in the "warm floors" system is only 45-50 ° C, this allows water vapor to condense more strongly in the exhaust gases.

Condensing units have the highest possible efficiency, environmental friendliness and minimum fuel consumption. The disadvantage of such equipment is the need for a special removal of the condensate obtained during operation. Such moisture should not be drained into surface water or soil, as it is saturated with acids and can disrupt bacterial microflora. For wall-mounted condensing boilers, the chimney must be made only of high-quality plastic, resistant to acid fumes.

Gas boilers? PULSATOR?: a fundamental novelty on the market

These boilers? a vivid demonstration of a revolutionary breakthrough in a completely unexpected direction.

A new model series of floor gas boilers? PULSA-TOIRE? (? PULSATOR?) of the French company AUER Gianola can be called not only because this boiler is just beginning to find its application in Russia, but also because it implements a completely new principle of operation. As the developers of the boiler say, did they borrow the idea from the well-known military development of the Wehrmacht? rocket projectile V-1.

The essence of his work is already reflected in the name "pulsator". As in the V-1, the gas-air mixture is fed into the combustion chamber, which has a movable diaphragm and "spark plug". When the boiler just starts to work (? warm up?), The mixture is ignited by a spark. After some time, the mixture ignites already from the hot surface of the combustion chamber? the candle is not working. Surely the mixture doesn't just burn? she explodes. During an explosion, the pressure in the chamber rises sharply, the movable diaphragm closes, and hot gases (by analogy, like the jet stream in V-1) have only one exit? pass down through spiral pipes, which are washed by a countercurrent coolant (water).

The gas-air mixture, before entering the combustion chamber, is prepared in a special mixing chamber. After all, for optimal combustion of fuel in general, and gas in particular, it is very important to maintain the desired proportion of "gas-air". This is exactly what is done in the mixing chamber. Gas is supplied to it from the gas block through the nozzle, and air is mixed in by injection. Combustion air is taken either directly from the room or from outside through an air duct.

Since almost all the heat contained in the gases is transferred to water, their outlet temperature is only slightly higher than the temperature of the coolant at the inlet to the boiler (? return line?). Under certain conditions, condensate is released from the flue gases, i.e. the boiler is condensing.

One more note regarding the principle of operation: since the process of heat transfer is impulsive, the gases in the tubes move turbulently. Does this mean that there is no boundary layer at the boundary with the pipe wall? heat transfer occurs unhindered, which affects the efficiency, and hence the economy.

To reduce the noise level of the boiler (constant mini-explosions of the mixture occur in it, and not its combustion), as in cars, a silencer is used. In addition, the thermal insulation of the boiler also plays the role of sound insulation, and the most important structural elements do not have hard contact with each other, but are amortized. Thanks to this, the boiler can be installed in a residential area, it will not create noise discomfort: it works no louder than a refrigerator.

One of the most important advantages of this boiler? no need to arrange a conventional chimney. Since the temperature of the exhaust gases is low, it can be made from PVC pipes, and due to their high pressure (recall, in the combustion chamber we do not have constant combustion, but mini-explosions? pulses)? any configuration. So, is it not worth making a vertical chimney with a minimum number of bends? you can safely adapt to existing conditions and external factors. In other words, the cost of installing a chimney is minimal.

Since there is no conventional one, there is no need to make any gas settings, so the amount of service is minimized. Moreover, the boiler can operate both on natural and liquefied gas. To switch from one type to another, you only need to change the nozzle.

Are there any restrictions on the temperature schedule of the boiler? it can be up to 25/20? C (if we only have underfloor heating, then there is no need to use mixing units).

The boiler already has a built-in control device that can carry out weather-compensated control of 3 independent circuits (radiators, underfloor heating, hot water).

The model range of boilers of this series has 3 capacities: 20, 32 and 40 kW. If more power is required, several boilers can be connected in parallel.

Of course, there are all the necessary levels of protection: in the event of an emergency, the boiler will simply turn off.

So, with the help of these boilers, it becomes possible to reduce the cost of installing a chimney, while preserving the appearance of the building as much as possible, to program the control of the entire heating and hot water system; for installation organizations? have a small amount of spare parts, carry out minimal maintenance and use these boilers where others would be problematic.

Good luck building! Company World of heat.

If your apartment or private house does not have a traditional chimney, and you need to heat your home, then the best option would be to buy a parapet gas boiler.

Chimneyless boilers: principle of operation

The main feature that parapet boilers (or, more simply, chimneyless boilers) have is a closed combustion chamber, the air into which does not come from the room (as in conventional boilers), but directly from the street. Combustion products are also removed directly to the street. This is especially valuable in small spaces.

Air intake in parapet boilers and combustion products are removed through the outer wall of the dwelling. To do this, use a special coaxial horizontal chimney. It consists of two small pipes, one of which fits into the other. Air enters the chamber through the outer pipe, and combustion products are removed through the inner pipe.

Hot water from a parapet boiler

Parapet coppers are made one - and two-functional. Dual-functional boilers are distinguished by the fact that a flowing tubular water heater is mounted in the boiler body. It is made of copper, as copper has a high thermal conductivity. The ability to get hot water using a boiler makes a parapet boiler almost ideal for home use.

Heat possible without batteries

Another important advantage of parapet gas boilers is the presence of convection holes in the casing. This gives heating to the room in which the boiler is located, without installing special radiators in it.

Where to install a parapet boiler

Also, due to the fact that the parapet gas boiler does not need to be connected to the chimney, it can be mounted absolutely anywhere. It is very convenient that, most often, boilers of this type are made in the shape of a rectangle.

There should not be any special problems with the connection either: chimneyless boilers come in right and left versions. In right-hand boilers, the automation is located on the right side of the boiler, and the pipes for connecting the boiler to the heating and water supply system are on the left. In boilers with left-hand execution, the opposite is true.

The constant rise in gas prices has made the efficiency of heating equipment one of the main selection criteria. Coaxial gas boiler, has a high efficiency up to 109%. Due to the special design of the combustion chamber and certain nuances of operation, it is possible to install coaxial-type boiler equipment in an apartment in a multi-storey building. The boiler is suitable for connection to any type of heating system.

Why are boilers called coaxial

This name appeared due to the peculiarities of the smoke exhaust system. A coaxial exhaust structure is mounted in the boiler device. The chimney performs two important functions at once:

The boilers got their name due to the special design of the combined coaxial air supply and removal of combustion products, but the difference in the principle of operation (compared to the classic versions of heating equipment) is not only this.

The principle of operation of coaxial boilers

Coaxial gas boilers with a closed combustion chamber have a more accurate name - "condensing", reflecting the basic principle of operation. This equipment has a high efficiency of 108%, compared to classical heat generators, 92-96%. The structural differences are:

The difference between coaxial boilers from others

There are several differences between a coaxial boiler and classic atmospheric versions of heating equipment.

Closed combustion chamber.
High efficiency achieved through maximum extraction of thermal energy in the gas combustion process.
Smaller room volume required for the installation of a gas coaxial boiler.

Boiler equipment can be placed in a room from 8 m². Installation is allowed, (provided that the current SNiP allow). Boilers can be built into furniture or a special niche.

Coaxial heating equipment has several disadvantages associated with its operation. The disadvantages of coaxial boilers are:

Coaxial models are recommended for connection to low temperature heating systems. It is under such conditions that the efficiency of the device will reach 108-109%. In the harsh Russian winter, it is not always advisable to install a coaxial boiler.
Cost - the boiler design uses a stainless heat exchanger, automation, a condensing unit and many other modules that increase the cost of equipment. On average, the price of a boiler is 2-3 times higher than that of a classic heat generator.

Installation of a gas boiler with a coaxial outlet

The device of the heating system with a coaxial gas boiler does not have a complex circuit. Installation of all nodes is carried out within 2-3 hours.

The general device requirements are:

Chimney connection- the pipe is mounted in accordance with the current SNiP and the manufacturer's recommendations. To ensure good draft performance, it is forbidden to use more than two turning angles along the entire length of the flue system. The total length of the vertical chimney must not exceed 3 m.
Minimum installation height- the distance is calculated along the outer wall of the building. The requirements regulate that the head should be located at least 1-1.5 m above the ground.
Condensate drainage system– during operation, the boiler uses targeted condensate formation. Waste condensate will need to be diverted from a special container to the sewer.
The optimal conditions for installing a coaxial boiler are to install the equipment on the wall through which the chimney will be led out of the building. To ensure the best draft characteristics, the length of the chimney should be between 1-1.5 m.
You can avoid icing by installing an insulated, as well as, condensate trap.

Models of boilers with a coaxial chimney

To facilitate the choice, all presented models of heating equipment are divided into three categories according to the following criteria:

Type of installation - the consumer is offered floor-standing coaxial gas heating boilers and their wall-mounted counterparts. Stationary models have great performance, but are inconvenient in installation and subsequent operation.
Wall-mounted coaxial gas heating boilers are more popular due to their compact size and the presence of a large number of various functions.
Number of heat exchangers- a coaxial double-circuit gas boiler, works for heating hot water and heating systems. Modern models have a built-in buffer tank that provides almost instantaneous supply of hot water to the consumer.
A coaxial single-circuit gas boiler, designed exclusively for heating, but has a higher power compared to a double-circuit analogue. If desired, after a slight modification, an indirect heating boiler is connected to the heat generator with one heat exchanger.
Manufacturer - popular models are offered by the following companies:

Relatively recently, a new type of device has appeared on the market for heating boiler equipment - a gas chimneyless boiler. Although there is a smoke exhaust system, it is not a classic chimney that ejects smoke and other combustion products from a chimney on the roof. This system is called coaxial.

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The main feature of such a smoke exhaust system is that it is removed from the room not through the roof, but through the wall, which has no window and ventilation openings. The coaxial chimney uses the type of gas exchange "pipe in pipe". Through the inner pipe, which has a smaller diameter, smoke is removed from the boiler, as well as various combustion products, such as water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide.

Fresh air is supplied from the outside through an external pipe with a larger diameter. As it moves, it is heated by the exhaust products of combustion and enters the chamber of the boiler plant, where it mixes with gaseous fuel. Due to the fact that the fresh air is warmed up, the fuel burns more completely, and its economy is achieved.

The coaxial smoke exhaust system is becoming more and more popular, its scope is expanding.

Gas boiler: classification

Boiler equipment operating on gaseous fuels has a very wide range of varieties.

It is worth analyzing the most important classifications of gas boiler equipment:

By location - a gas boiler is distinguished, which is installed on the floor (floor gas appliance) and on the wall (wall gas appliance) of the heated room;
By functionality (single-circuit and double-circuit apparatus);
By type of draft - a gas device with natural draft and forced draft;
According to the type of ignition, a device equipped with a piezo ignition system and an electronic ignition system is distinguished;
According to the completeness of the use of fuel combustion energy - a boiler of convection and condensation types.

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If we talk about the functionality of boiler equipment, it is worth noting that double-circuit boiler plants are used somewhat more often than single-circuit ones, because such equipment can be used both for space heating and for supplying hot water used for household purposes.

Boiler equipment with natural draft is equipped with a traditional smoke exhaust system and is located in a special room. If forced draft is used, such a gas appliance can be placed in an ordinary room. These boiler plants are usually equipped with a coaxial smoke exhaust system.

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Gas boiler

A gas appliance is a device that is used to generate heat used both for heating water used for various purposes, and for heating certain objects or premises. Thermal energy is obtained by burning gaseous fuel in the boiler furnace. Typically, this fuel is natural gas - methane or a mixture of propane and butane. In many regions, it is gaseous fuel that is used for the operation of heating or heating devices.

This is due to a number of advantages of such fuel:

Ease of use.
Cheapness.
Profitability.
Possibility of automating gas-fired boilers.

The principle of operation of such boilers is that during the supply of fuel to the furnace of the unit, one of two types of ignition is used: piezo ignition or electronic ignition. When using the first type of ignition, the gas boiler is turned on by pressing a button, it turns on from a spark and the igniter is constantly on. Such heating and water heating devices can be used in places where there is no regular supply of electricity.

Where the electricity supply is normal, gas appliances with electronic ignition are used. They turn on automatically. The advantage of such devices is that gaseous fuel is saved, because the igniter does not burn all the time the boiler is in operation.

Chimney boiler

This is a traditional type of heating devices. The successful operation of any appliance operating on both gaseous and solid or liquid fuels depends on whether the chimney is properly arranged. If the chimney is not designed correctly, this can lead to the appearance of an extremely toxic gas - carbon monoxide - in the heated room.

Owners of private houses are required to know how the chimney is arranged so that the correct operation of both the smoke exhaust system and the boiler is carried out.

It is also important to know that the chimney happens:

Brick.
Ceramic.
coaxial.
Stainless steel sandwich.

The brick chimney is the oldest type of chimney system. By our time, the classic brick chimney is no longer so popular, due to such a drawback as the tendency to overgrow with soot.

The chimney of the second type has gradually become more popular than the classic brick chimney system, but today the popularity of ceramic construction is low.

Coaxial flue systems are more popular. A chimney of this type differs significantly from other types of chimney systems. The difference lies in the fact that such a chimney is not led out through the roof, but through the wall of the house. Such a chimney is very popular, especially if the boiler runs on gas.

Today, the most popular type of chimney system is a sandwich type chimney made of stainless steel. Due to the smooth inner surface, combustion products are freely discharged from the building. The mirrored outer surface makes the chimney attractive. And in order for the chimney to have good thermal insulation performance, they use a special heater - mineral wool.

Double circuit device

A double-circuit boiler is a device in which water is heated both for domestic needs, such as washing, and for space heating.

As a material for the heat exchanger are used:

Steel.
Cast iron.
Copper.

Steel heat exchangers are used in powerful double-circuit boilers. The advantage of steel is its resistance to high temperatures, the disadvantage is the limited service life.

For less powerful double-circuit boilers, cast iron heat exchangers are used. The disadvantage of such heat exchangers is low thermal conductivity, the advantage is high resistance to corrosion.

The most popular option are heat exchangers made of copper. A requirement is made for double-circuit devices with such heat exchangers - to slightly reduce the combustion temperature. However, copper has two significant advantages: high resistance to corrosion and very high thermal conductivity.

According to the fuel used, a double-circuit boiler is distinguished:

solid fuel;
liquid fuel;
Gas.

The first type of boilers is usually used in rural areas, where it is possible to harvest firewood or coal. Fuel is fed into the furnace of the unit manually, and the combustion process can be automated by controlling the air flow.

Where houses are remote from gas mains and automation of the heating system is necessary, a diesel-fuelled boiler is used. This type of fuel is less flammable than liquefied gas.

The most common are double-circuit gas boilers. They run on very cheap fuel, they can be regulated in a fully automatic mode.

Double-circuit chimney boiler

For this type of device, an appropriate smoke exhaust system is used - a coaxial type. This is a pipe-in-pipe chimney: a smaller diameter pipe inside a larger diameter pipe. In order to avoid contact of pipes during their internal connection, special jumpers are used.

How the coaxial chimney is located depends on various nuances. If the exit of the chimney pipe from the building to the street through the wall is difficult or impossible at all, the coaxial smoke exhaust system is located vertically. In other cases, especially when a forced ventilation type of a double-circuit boiler system is used, a coaxial type chimney is installed horizontally.

This takes into account a very important nuance related to fire safety: the opening of the smoke exhaust system must be located one and a half meters above the boiler.

The heating system, which has a coaxial chimney, has an important advantage: the air for burning fuel is not taken from the heated room, but from the street. The fact is that the inner pipe of the smoke exhaust system is used to remove combustion products, and the outer pipe is used to supply fresh air to the boiler furnace.

Of course, one cannot do without a smoke exhaust system for boiler heating. The double-circuit gas chimneyless boiler is a device in which there is no need to install a stationary chimney. Most often, a stationary type chimney cannot be installed due to the fact that the room is very small.

Double-circuit boiler systems of a chimney type are used, like their counterparts with a stationary chimney, for space heating and heating water for household needs. Chimneyless boilers have a special smoke exhaust equipment - the so-called coaxial chimney.

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It should be noted that the pipe of the coaxial smoke exhaust system must necessarily be led outside the building through a wall on which there are no window and ventilation openings.

There are two ways to install chimneyless boilers: wall-mounted and floor-mounted.

When purchasing a chimneyless boiler, you need to pay attention to a number of nuances:

Power;
Compactness;
Design;
Ignition type.

Another important nuance that must be taken into account is the brand of the manufacturer. Each of the companies has a wide range of boiler equipment, and you need to evaluate samples of different brands in order to choose the most suitable device.

Boiler

If it is necessary to heat large rooms, it is important to consider not only the price of fuel, but also its consumption indicators. Today, the list of the most economical types of boiler equipment includes a gas-fired outdoor boiler, the equipment of which includes a coaxial type chimney. The floor type of boiler equipment is used for heating or supplying hot water in industrial premises and large residential buildings.

The floor boiler runs on gaseous fuel, natural gas, liquefied methane or propane-butane mixture is used as such fuel. The floor gas boiler is distinguished by the fact that in its combustion chamber there is an element that ignites the incoming gaseous fuel. Also, a floor-standing appliance of any modification is equipped with a special fuse that shuts off the gas fuel supply after the ignition is turned off.

The so-called gas boilers without a chimney are actually equipped with a chimney system. This system, called coaxial, double-circuit. Combustion products are removed from the unit through the inner pipe, fresh air enters through the outer pipe, of a larger diameter.

One of the advantages of a chimney-free smoke exhaust system is that the efficiency of a boiler plant is 10-12% higher than that of an analogue with a conventional chimney.

A floor-standing gas appliance, in whose equipment there is a coaxial chimney, is becoming very popular.

Gas boiler without chimney

Boiler equipment with natural draft must be installed in a special room, a boiler room - because its operation requires oxygen from the air contained in the room. However, the use of forced draft will allow you to install a gas-fired boiler of one kind or another in any room.

To do this, it is necessary to use a special smoke exhaust system - a coaxial chimney. Before installing a chimney of this variety, it is necessary to carry out a number of calculations, taking into account:

The power that the boiler develops;
type of fuel burned;
The thickness of the walls of the room;
The air temperature outside the room;
Number of boilers connected to the coaxial flue system.

The device of the system: a pipe of a smaller diameter inside a pipe of a larger diameter. It is important to note that the width of the gap between the walls of the inner and outer pipes must be the same in all sections of the chimney, even in its elbows and bends. There are two important parts in a coaxial smoke exhaust system: a device for cleaning the chimney and a collector for the resulting condensate.

A coaxial chimney is a smoke exhaust system that is equipped not only with a gas boiler, but also with liquid and solid fuel boilers.

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