Bathroom walls made of warm ceramics. Pros and cons of ceramic porous blocks (warm ceramics). Similarities and differences between warm ceramic blocks
Building porous ceramic block as a material is known in our market relatively recently. And according to the assurances of the manufacturer, it has already won its fans and its scope in construction is constantly growing.
Advantages of warm ceramics (according to the seller)
For fans of environmental friendliness, this is a very suitable building material. After all, ceramic porous bricks or blocks are made from clay, which is fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C and wood chips added to the clay burn out, forming closed voids.
Due to these voids, porous blocks have high thermal insulation, and they do not emit harmful substances during operation and "breathe" giving and receiving moisture.
High fire and soundproofing characteristics also add a lot of positive feedback in favor of warm ceramics.
Perhaps someone will agree that the construction of porous ceramic blocks is expensive. However, given the possibility of building a single-layer wall, as well as the large size and low weight of the blocks, they make it possible to use not so powerful compared to the traditional one.
All this together allows us to assert that building a house from porous ceramic blocks will come out no more expensive than traditional construction from.
And houses built in this way are valued much higher on the real estate market. Strength characteristics make it possible to erect buildings up to seven or more floors, and heat-saving characteristics will allow the building to be used profitably in the future.
Warm ceramics is used for the construction of main walls, for filling walls in frame buildings.
The blocks are made in different sizes and with different heat-saving characteristics for various applications - outdoor and indoor. They are easy to transport due to their light weight.
Laying is possible, both on a traditional cement mortar, and with the use of a “warm” mortar, which, due to its properties, significantly increases the thermal insulation of the wall as a whole.
In addition, the laying of this material is very convenient, thanks to the accuracy in the dimensions of the blocks, as well as thanks to the tongue-and-groove system, which allows construction to be carried out four times faster.
When purchasing porous ceramic blocks, do not worry about the quality and the possibility of forgery. The manufacturing technology will not allow them to be produced poorly, because they are made on imported equipment.
This pleases, because such a convenient and practical material is needed in our market in large quantities. After all, the future lies with him, and thanks to his qualities, he will win many more of his supporters. That's what the manufacturers say.
Video: features of warm ceramics.
Porous ceramic block: disadvantages (according to builders)
What are the fans of building houses from porous blocks silent about ?!
Yes, warm ceramics are several times superior to bricks in terms of thermal conductivity, but this plus disappears during construction.
When laying blocks in one row, even on a thermally insulating masonry mixture, the tightness of vertical joints is violated. Which are made according to the groove-comb principle - this is due to the curvature of the material. Therefore, thermal conductivity is lost.
You can’t do without it, and here another problem arises, but how to fix the insulating material. A porous ceramic block is voids divided by thin bridges in which it will not be possible to make holes and fix the insulation.
Also, it is not possible to increase the speed of laying warm ceramics, as the manufacturers assure. And when dressing the walls, there are not enough additional blocks that you have to cut yourself. Due to the large size, the material must be cut on both sides.
After cutting, one of the ends will be without a tongue-and-groove connection, which requires additional filling with mortar.
Well, laying floors directly on porous ceramic blocks is a big risk, ceramics are 3 times inferior in strength to bricks. It is required to fill the iron-concrete monolith, which will lead to the solution entering the pores of the material, and this will deprive it of thermal conductivity.
Video: disadvantages of ceramic blocks.
P.S. As you can see, this building material has plenty of disadvantages. The choice is yours!
The best material for building houses has always been considered a baked clay brick - ceramic brick. It has good thermal insulation characteristics.
At the moment, the need for building materials with good thermal insulation and high strength performance is growing all the time. Developers are increasingly choosing materials such as aerated concrete or warm ceramics for construction, while not so long ago, ordinary brick was the most popular building material.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of these building materials and why it is worth using them, and not brick, you need to know exactly in order to make the right and informed choice.
This is not an easy matter, each of the materials has both advantages and disadvantages, and the pricing policy is also different. But still it is worth spending time on this, in order to start building a house with confidence in the correct choice.
A warm house, or rather its construction, depends on many nuances, and despite the fact that heat loss through walls is only 20%, choosing the right material for building walls is important and necessary.
Features of warm ceramics
Warm ceramics is practically a new material in construction, but in fact brick is a relative of this material.
But of course, warm ceramics has a lot of qualities and indicators that brick does not have. In addition, the brick has many disadvantages that warm ceramics practically do not have.
In addition to the fact that a house made of material such as warm ceramics will retain much more heat than a brick house, construction will also take place several times faster, since a porous ceramic block can significantly exceed the size of an ordinary brick.
Due to the fact that the blocks come in different sizes, you can choose the one that is right for you. The popularity of such products is also so high because of their amazing ability to keep warm and comfortable for all the microclimate in the house.
To improve these qualities during construction, only special glue should be used.
The porous block has excellent adhesion, so it is suitable for any exterior wall finish.
High strength and low thermal conductivity - these qualities combine warm ceramics, which allows you to build buildings without additional insulation.
Blocks of warm ceramics are made by firing clay, wood waste is added to the molding sand, they are symmetrically distributed throughout the mass and burn out, and a cellular structure of the block is formed.
masonry material
Blocks of "warm ceramics" are made from natural clays with subsequent firing; the cellular structure is formed due to the burnout of wood waste added to the molding sand; they are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal or vertical direction.
- Be sure to waterproof the foundation and make sure that the foundation is perfectly horizontal. Only after making sure that this is the case, you can start building walls.
- The blocks are connected to each other by tongue-and-groove joints, so you only need an adhesive solution to connect horizontal seams.
- Between the rows, the blocks must be moistened with water. That is, before laying out the next row, carefully spray the previous one with water. You can use a hose for this procedure or pour water from a bucket.
- In order to protect vertical voids from debris and mortar, be sure to lay a special mesh between the blocks. In addition to protecting the voids, it will give even more strength to the walls. Without using this mesh, all characteristics will be violated, so you can not forget about it.
- If the need arises and you need a custom-sized block, you can cut any ceramic block using a diamond saw. Do not forget to coat the additional block with glue.
- The bonding of the external and internal walls is carried out using stainless steel anchors. According to technology, they need to be installed every two rows of blocks, so you need to carefully monitor so as not to miss the right places.
Characteristics of aerated concrete
The main components of aerated concrete blocks are a binder (mainly Portland cement), lime, aggregate (quartz sand).
It combines the properties that are inherent in wood and natural stone. Since its thermal conductivity is only 0.12 W / m ° C, the wall thickness can be reduced to 0.4 m, naturally, this saves both time and money.
- Aerated concrete, or rather its density, can be different, from 400 to 1200 kg / cu. m. The speed of work, if you use aerated concrete, as well as when using warm ceramics, is high, since its specific gravity is low.
- The frost resistance of products, despite the fact that they write about it, is not very high, which does not allow building houses from this material in harsh climatic conditions.
- does not require antiseptic treatment, as it has a high resistance to biological influences.
- The durability of the element is very high. Subject to all GOSTs during construction, you can expect that your house will stand for more than a hundred years without requiring repairs.
In addition, the choice of aerated concrete is a fairly economical option. But do not forget that you will have to pay for additional insulation.
Aerated concrete is made in autoclaves from a mixture of sand, aluminum powder, cement and water. The porosity of the blocks is given by the action of the chemical reaction of powder and lime.
Masonry features
Most damage to building structures made of aerated concrete is easily repaired. There are many special solutions that form a structure at the site of damage, similar to the structure of aerated concrete.
- As well as for warm ceramics, waterproofing and evenness of the foundation is required.
- The thickness of structures should not be less than 375 for external walls, and not less than 250 for internal ones.
- When laying the block on the wall, use only special glue. It is necessary to carefully coat all the blocks, or rather the seams. How to dissolve the glue, you will learn by reading the instructions.
- Aerated concrete can be sawn with a regular hacksaw, no special tools are required for this. The block is placed on a flat surface, and the cut is carried out without much effort.
- After laying the last block in each row, it is imperative to check the horizontal position, drops should not be allowed, as this can cause cracks.
- If the masonry is done in accordance with all the rules recommended by aerated concrete manufacturers, then after the wall dries, you will not be able to separate the block from the block even if you wish.
Similarities and differences
Aerated concrete and thermal ceramics are similar mainly in that they are porous and large-format blocks, both of which are actively used in modern construction.
The difference lies in the materials from which they are made. Aerated concrete is an artificial building material, it is a kind of cellular concrete. Warm ceramics is a natural material, it is made from clay.
There are also significant differences in the degree of water absorption of materials. Differences in strength are also in favor of warm ceramic blocks, therefore, they are also more durable.
The sound insulation of both materials is quite high and far exceeds the sound insulation of conventional bricks.
Main qualitative similarities
- Aerated concrete and ceramics, like brick, are used both for the installation of external walls and for the installation of internal ones.
- A minimum of marriage, unlike a material such as brick.
- Saving masonry mortars and plasters.
- Ideally even forms of the block are given by both aerated concrete and ceramics.
- The presence of cells, therefore, less load on the foundation.
- Groove-ridge system.
- Smooth surface of finished walls.
- High speed of work due to the large format.
The similarity of these two building materials is that you will need almost the same tools to work with them. There is nothing special about this set, except that you will need a diamond saw to cut warm ceramics.
Tools and materials
- A container for diluting glue, you can use a regular bucket.
- Stirrer.
- A brush to sweep away dust and debris from the blocks before applying the adhesive.
- If you are using aerated concrete, then you will need a regular hacksaw. If warm ceramic blocks are used, then a diamond saw.
- In order to pour glue, use a regular bucket.
- Rubber mallet for precise positioning of blocks.
- Notched trowel to distribute the adhesive evenly throughout the block.
- The spatula is normal.
- Building level to check the horizontalness of the masonry.
- Grater to correct possible irregularities in the rows of masonry.
Disadvantages of materials
Cons of warm ceramics
The disadvantages of thermal ceramics include the fact that during construction it is necessary to follow all the manufacturer's instructions. That is, use only special glue, be sure to protect the voids with a mesh and hire only professional builders who have dealt with this material more than once.
If all the nuances are not observed, there can be no talk of any low thermal conductivity and strength. Using cement instead of glue will lead to the fact that instead of a warm and cozy home, you will get a cold box, which can also fall apart.
You can only buy warm ceramics from well-established manufacturers, otherwise, instead of durable blocks, you will get material that can destroy an ordinary small cobblestone.
Disadvantages of aerated concrete
Since aerated concrete absorbs moisture, its thermal performance is significantly reduced, as a result, deformation may occur that will ruin your entire finish.
Therefore, additional costs will be required to prevent moisture. The use of special glue is also quite expensive, but it is impossible to use ordinary cement mortar when building a building from a material such as aerated concrete.
In order to exclude the appearance of cracks (and this is possible, since aerated concrete can crack), an absolutely even foundation is needed. Therefore, for a house made of aerated concrete blocks, in order to exclude the possibility of deformation, a monolithic strip foundation is needed.
With an even foundation and the right construction technology, aerated concrete will correspond to all its positive properties.
Characteristics of a brick
It is quite possible that, having learned all about the disadvantages and advantages of aerated concrete and warm ceramics, you still decide that brick is the best. It is reliable because it has been tested more than once.
But choosing a brick, you also need to know a lot of nuances. In order to meet all your requirements, look for a good brick manufacturer and never buy a brick from your hands.
Naturally, the brand of brick must meet the requirements. By the way, in modern construction, when erecting one building, it is allowed to use different materials, so you can combine brick and aerated concrete or brick and warm ceramics.
For example, you can make a load-bearing wall of brick the old fashioned way, and use ceramic blocks inside. Naturally, at the same time, your imagination must be supported by accurate calculations.
The product range of Vse dlya stroitel'stvo (Moscow) includes warm ceramics (ceramic block, porous brick) from well-known manufacturers such as Braer, Tereks, Rauf, etc. Product prices will pleasantly surprise you. You can buy any product, be it ceramic blocks or porous bricks (porous ceramics) on favorable terms. All presented materials are made from high-quality raw materials using modern technologies. Products comply with modern requirements and standards.
Blocks, stone and brick warm ceramics: the main features of production
Warm ceramics is an artificial stone (brick), which is produced using modern technologies.
Blocks and stones are made from clay. They are an alternative to hollow bricks.
Warm brick and stone are used for laying walls, ceilings, and creating partitions.
Ceramic blocks are 10-15 times larger than standard bricks. Thanks to this, warm brick and stone have a wide range of applications.
The porousness of the building ceramic brick (stone) is achieved by adding special additives to the clay (wood chips, etc.). During the firing process, these components burn out. At the same time, the smallest voids in ceramic products are filled with air. Thanks to this, ceramic bricks acquire high thermal insulation properties. In addition, a special production technology ensures a low weight of the material.
The main advantages of ceramic blocks and bricks
- Environmental friendliness. The stone ceramic consists of the natural clay passing multistage processing. The quality of raw materials is constantly monitored. It does not contain aggressive, harmful impurities. Due to this, warm ceramics (ceramic building products of all types) are considered a safe material. It does not harm the environment and humans.
- Low thermal conductivity. With the help of building warm ceramics, which are offered by well-known manufacturers, walls can be built without additional insulation.
- Ideal geometry. The brick ceramic differs in uniformity of structure and the size corresponding to the established norms. Also, modern equipment allows you to achieve a constant size of voids. The building material is very convenient in laying.
- Durability and strength. Ceramic facing brick is able to serve for a century or more. In this case, the material does not lose its properties. He is not afraid of wind, moisture, temperature changes.
- High energy efficiency. Dense brick laying, due to the ideal geometry of the ceramic block, reduces the cost of heating the facility. The large dimensions of the material provide ease of laying and reduce mortar costs. With ceramic blocks, you will reduce construction costs in general. With warm bricks, blocks of various types, you will provide tangible savings on the further operation of the facility in Moscow or other cities.
- Optimum sound-absorbing characteristics. Isolated chambers in the body of the blocks are able to reduce the noise level.
- Fire resistance. Facing stone is resistant to fire. With blocks, you don't have to be afraid of fires. Moreover, blocks, various types of bricks not only do not burn, but also do not emit harmful substances.
- Opportunities to maintain a natural microclimate in a block building. Presented brick, block is a breathable material. It is able to remove excess moisture. With blocks and other materials, you will ensure comfort in any facility.
- Compatibility with other materials. Walls made of facing ceramic bricks/stones can be faced with plaster, special panels, etc. When finishing partitions, for which blocks were used, there will be no difficulties.
It is also important that ceramic stone is a self-sustaining material. By using such building material (blocks, etc.), you can reduce costs. Prices for ceramic high-quality blocks are not low, but you save on the insulation of objects and their maintenance.
Why is it better to buy any kind of blocks from the Vse dlya stroitelstvo company?
- We offer a wide range of products. Here you can order a brick, block, stone with the desired level of frost resistance, the required size.
- Convenience of choice. Especially for our customers, we have created a catalog that allows you to select the right types of ceramic blocks and bricks in accordance with any requests. Description of bricks, blocks allows you to quickly navigate the range.
- Help with choosing. Do not know which brick, block to order? We will help you. Specialists will announce the cost of the necessary building materials (ceramic blocks, stone), will provide support when placing an order for warm products.
- Developed logistics system. When ordering ceramics (ceramic blocks, building stone) from us, you will receive products in the shortest possible time. Moreover, you can purchase the right amount of ceramics (brick, stone).
- The best price for warm ceramics. Turning to us, you do not overpay. We set the prices recommended by the manufacturers. This allows you to order bricks, blocks, the necessary types of stone in the right quantities at any time.
- Special offers for clients. Pay attention to the fact that we hold promotions, provide discounts for all types of warm bricks, not only to regular, but also to new customers.
Contact us! The price of building ceramic products will pleasantly surprise you. Warm material (warm ceramics, blocks, etc.) will solve all the tasks.
Large-format ceramic blocks or, as they are commonly called, warm ceramics, are a new generation of high-quality building material that combines the most modern technological solutions, coupled with centuries-old traditions in the use of clay and ceramics in particular. Warm ceramics are large-format porous blocks made of fired clay. It is a durable and environmentally friendly material.
Currently, there is a tendency for people to reduce the cost of energy costs for a house, as well as a desire to use natural resources more economically (although not universal, but still). As a result, one of the most important factors in deciding such a sometimes difficult question is “What to build a house from?” become parameters for reducing the cost of work and heat loss. The laying of porous ceramic blocks, although similar to the laying of ordinary bricks, takes much less time and requires less mortar. In addition to the speed of construction, warm ceramics put less pressure on the foundation of the building, respectively, the cost of foundation construction is reduced. In addition, sawdust added to the clay, which, under the influence of high temperature and pressure, burn out during pressing and form pores. Due to this, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the block can be λ=0.12 W/mºС. And this is in operating conditions B! (more on that below)
However, the advantages of the material do not end with the above arguments. The figure shows the main advantages, which are discussed in more detail below.
After the tightening of SNiPs in 2003, many wall materials no longer meet the requirements for thermal insulation. With regard to private housing construction, this has not become such a fundamental point, but over the past 10 years, the cost of energy in the country has increased by more than six times and continues to increase. The prospect of “heating” the street attracts few people, so many people decide to additionally insulate the walls of the house. But there are two nuances here:
1) In a single wall there are elements that have different service lives, which react differently to external influences. So, a brick can serve a hundred or more years, but a heater immured in it is about 20 years old. From here it is not difficult to imagine the loss of energy efficiency.
2) Heat transfer resistance is known to depend on humidity. For the Moscow region - these are operating conditions B. This means that the coefficient of thermal conductivity increases significantly for almost all materials. This is due to the fact that moisture conducts heat 22 times stronger than air. With a negative temperature, the difference increases up to 80 times. Water, filling the smallest pores, sharply reduces thermal resistance. At the same time, insulation suppliers recommend using figures that correspond to operating conditions A (!), They say their material does not come into contact with the external environment, but is located under the facade cladding. It is not uncommon to ignore cold bridges, which are created by masonry mortar, as well as fasteners for suspended facades. So in 1 sq.m. only six anchors, and this reduces the effectiveness of thermal insulation by 7%.
Construction of houses from warm ceramics
A fundamentally different view of the construction of a stone house is that the wall material itself acts as a heater. For the Moscow region, under operating conditions B, the minimum allowable value of the heat transfer resistance of enclosing structures is R = 3.13 mºС / W. From this it follows that the required wall thickness without additional insulation when using, for example, the KERAKAM SUPER THERMO block (λ = 0.12 W / mºС) is 0.12x3.13 = 0.38 m. Among structural materials, this indicator of porous blocks has no equal. So the thermal conductivity coefficient for the Moscow region under operating conditions B:
. softwood is 0.18 W / mºС, respectively, the required wall thickness is 0.56 m.
. gas silicate and foam concrete with a density of 400 kg / m3 - 0.15 W / mºС (0.47 m)
. hollow ceramic brick with a density of 1000 kg / m3 - 0.52 W / mºС (1.63 m)
. reinforced concrete - 2.04 W / mºС (6.39 m)
Regarding thermal characteristics, I would like to add that porous ceramics (ceramic block) has a high thermal inertia - walls made of blocks of warm ceramics very slowly release the accumulated heat. Although, it should be noted here that it is more difficult to melt such a house after temporary conservation. Therefore, a house made of warm ceramics is not very suitable for seasonal living, such as houses made of profiled timber.
Houses made of warm ceramics
The next positive point of warm ceramics is its high vapor permeability. Due to it, a comfortable microclimate is created in the room, the wall breathes perfectly. Another plus is the removal of excess air humidity to the outside, while condensation does not form on the surface of the walls. The voids in the blocks, on the one hand, exclude the formation of fungi and mold, on the other hand, they significantly enhance the soundproofing properties of the wall.
Due to the larger block size, the number of mortar joints is significantly reduced. Vertical joints do not require filling with mortar, thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection. And this saves money on the solution by 3-4 times, the loss in time for its preparation also decreases by the same amount (in comparison with conventional masonry). In addition, the mortar joint is a cold bridge, respectively, when using warm ceramics, the thermal characteristics of the wall increase. Also, a smaller amount of mortar reduces the humidity of the masonry, the building dries out faster. Therefore, it quickly acquires the required level of thermal resistance, which corresponds to the characteristics of the product. Using warm ceramics is an easy and effective way to reduce building and maintenance costs.
Due to the larger block size, the
number of mortar joints. Vertical joints do not require filling with mortar, thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection. And this saves money on the solution by 3-4 times, the loss in time for its preparation also decreases by the same amount (in comparison with conventional masonry). In addition, the mortar joint is a cold bridge, respectively, when using warm ceramics, the thermal characteristics of the wall increase. Also, a smaller amount of mortar reduces the humidity of the masonry, the building dries out faster. Therefore, it quickly acquires the required level of thermal resistance, which corresponds to the characteristics of the product. Using warm ceramics is an easy and effective way to reduce building and maintenance costs.