How to close the basement of a house on screw piles. Facing the base of the pile foundation How to fix the crate on the pile foundation

Screw piles are a product of new technologies, a type of columnar foundations, which are indispensable for construction on soft soils. This technology makes it possible to reach stable soil layers without additional costs of equipment and materials. Piles are considered the best foundation option for private construction. Reliable, safe, most advantageous in all respects, the supports represent a simple and quick foundation. It can be made in a few days, in any weather, at any time of the year, and the supporting structures are mounted immediately.

"Payroll" or options for finishing the plinth

One of the stages of completing the construction of a house is the disguise of aesthetically unpresentable foundation piles. The question inevitably arises, how to close the base of the screw foundation? The specifics of installing the house structure on piles does not imply the arrangement of the basement.

However, there are situations in which basement work is still performed. They differ from the generally accepted concept, suggest: either work on digging a small depth of a tape ditch connecting the piles around the perimeter, or finishing with a hinged plinth. In turn, the hinged structure can be presented in different versions.

There are several ways to decorate the basement (the so-called distance from the ground to the walls of the house). The main ones are: basement siding, brick trim, decorative panels. What is noteworthy, you can do the work yourself, without spending money on paying for the services of specialists. Traditionally, external decorative cladding is done with siding.

Hinged structure

Making a hanging structure is easy. You just need to follow the order:

A crate is created from metal corners, pipes or wooden boards.

Note. It is important not only how to close the basement of a house on stilts, but also what condition the soil is in, what is the depth of groundwater. The hinged plinth is located in close proximity to the ground, therefore, if there is a threat of flooding of the territory, it will most of the time be in an environment with high humidity. Under these conditions, when constructing a crate, a frame for tiles, it is better to abandon wooden structures, facing materials on a wooden basis.

In any convenient way (self-tapping screws or welding), guides are attached to the piles. It can be a metal profile, wooden beams; a kind of frame for fixing panels or asbestos-cement slabs, combined systems with insulation or sheet slate on it.
Before installation, a “pillow” of sand up to half a meter thick is poured around the perimeter.
Corners are formed in a convenient way with the help of related components.
All seams are sealed with a sealed solution.
The design is complemented by the installation of ebbs and other elements that are not enough for the finished design of the basement.
Cause crown - finishing decorative finish.

Basement siding: practical, fast, aesthetically pleasing

If the design should only perform the function of decoration without additional insulation, then siding panels are quite suitable. A variety of textures, colors of the material can transform an unfinished open work area into a neat pedestal on which the building rises. They can be brickwork, tile or ceramic tiles, decorative stone.

Siding will be the perfect solution to the problem:

It is very easy to solve a problem like: how to close the basement of a house on stilts, using this simple and understandable material. For independent work, you will need the following tools and devices: a cord, a construction meter or tape measure, a set of wooden pegs, a plumb line, a building level, boards, a shovel, roll-type waterproofing.
Before starting work, the area between the piles and near them is freed from vegetation and debris.
Soil is selected along the outer perimeter of the house near the walls. A trench is formed with a depth of up to half a meter, a width of 0.3-0.4 m. At the same time, its inner border should be located slightly going under the walls, and the excavation of the earth itself should be carried out with the formation of a slight slope in the direction from the walls: for every 2 m, 1-5 cm.
The entire excavated pit, including the walls, is covered with a layer of rolled waterproofing.
On a small layer of poured rubble, a perforated drainage PVC pipe is laid around the perimeter.
In several places, drainage wells are brought to the surface - an "ambulance" when the system is silted up to flush it.
The pipes are covered with a layer of 0.1 m of fine gravel. The trench is completely covered with sand along the upper boundary, which is well tamped, performing a slope from the walls.
A blind area is formed. Alternatively, it can be paving slabs, paving stones or concrete screed.
Holders are welded onto the piles, on which guides will be attached through the holes.
The frame is made of wooden (40x100 mm) or metal elements. To prevent wood from rotting, it is pre-treated with an antiseptic.
Using a J-profile, external and internal corners with fasteners, siding panels are installed. At the same time, a compensation gap of 3-5 cm is maintained for possible expansion when the temperature changes between the panels and the blind area.
An ebb is installed on top of the finished structure, along which precipitation is removed from the base.

By the way, it is never too late to start work on arranging the basement, it is even preferable to do this after the house begins to live its own life. All communication wiring has already been connected to it, so there is time to slowly do the finishing.

Paying tribute to the brick

If you still haven’t decided how to close the basement of a house on screw piles, and there is no desire and time to bother with digging a trench, there is an easier way to design a pile foundation basement - reliable, inexpensive, prefabricated - brickwork. A metal corner profile is welded to the foundation piles, covered with a protective film against rust damage, along the very bottom. A corner with a shelf width of 120 mm and a length of 6 m to 11.7 m is pre-treated with a protective anti-corrosion compound.

On the lower profile, starting with the design of the corners, a facing brick is laid out. Rising up along the perimeter, masonry is formed with a spoon dressing and seams of at least 0.05 cm. It is better if they are decorative, but elements from galvanized sheet can be used. It turns out a neat, full-fledged foundation. Visually and cost-wise, it even outperforms a traditional concrete base.

Economical plastic panels

I use decorative plastic panels instead of bricks, they get economic benefits, but they lose in aesthetics: natural brick or stone looks richer, more beautiful than any panel. But such a finish perfectly veils the pile foundation, withstands heavy loads due to the increased thickness of the panel sheet, its resistance to chemical and biological effects.

With hinged panels, the space under the house remains empty, moisture does not collect under it, condensation does not form, thanks to good natural ventilation. The panels exactly repeat the relief of the site, creating an external absolute resemblance to the monumental foundation, while retaining all the advantages that the pile foundation has, especially in areas with significant elevation changes and other terrain complexities.

Features of finishing the plinth on difficult soils

Important! Before closing the base of the screw foundation on soils with deep freezing of the soil, whether it be hinged panels, decorative stone, etc., it is necessary to provide a gap of 5-7 mm between the ground cover and the decorative design.

It must be maintained to ensure free ventilation, and also so as not to damage the finish when the soil swells in frosty weather. The formed gap is covered with a mesh, excluding the penetration of debris and rodents under the house. It is important that ventilation is carried out at any time of the year. To prevent defrosting of communications, they are pre-insulated with mineral thermal insulation or mounting foam.

Economy option: concrete plinth and its finishing with plaster

This method is not only the easiest, but perhaps the most economical. Not requiring large financial costs, significant efforts for digging a trench, installing guides. Just making a blind area. The base is finished with waterproof elements (for example, asbestos-cement slabs). Below, at the surface of the earth, the gap between the finishing panels and the ground is sprinkled with sand. However, it is plaster that will be the most optimal finish in a situation where financial possibilities do not allow purchasing more expensive cladding.

Now its new, more expensive type, based on acrylic resins, has appeared on the construction market - mosaic plaster. This is another solution to the problem than closing the basement of a house on stilts. Plaster not only looks spectacular in a variety of colors, but also gives the base high moisture-proof properties.

Having made the right choice of material for finishing the basement, taking into account its operational characteristics, local climatic conditions, observing the technology of work, it is not at all difficult to give an aesthetic, finished look to the “windblown” facade with your own hands.

The final stage of construction is the finishing of the basement space. In housing construction with a pile foundation, there is space left that gives an unfinished look.

In this regard, it is important to understand the finish and study all the nuances that you should pay attention to when performing it.

Consider how to close the basement of a house on screw piles, the advantages and disadvantages of finishing materials.

The advantages of finishing the basement space

Finishing the space between the pile foundation and the house has the following advantages:

increases thermal insulation;
prevents medium and large animals from penetrating under the floor;
prevents snow and rainwater from accumulating under the house.

In order for the finish to perform all of the listed functions, when choosing a material, you need to carefully study all the advantages and disadvantages of each type.

Finishing methods

So that the floors in the house are not blown through, it is necessary to insulate the basement space

The open space between the soil and the floor is blown by the wind and is affected by sub-zero temperatures, due to which the floor in the house turns cold. We close the piles under the house with:

devices for a shallow tape base;
hanging finishing material between piles, having previously built a frame.

When choosing a method of finishing and material, we take into account:

soil type;
groundwater level;
climatic conditions.

First of all, we mount the support crate from a profile pipe, it will serve as a link between the supports. The step of the guides should be 300-400 mm. The profile is selected with different widths of the sides (40x20).

To prevent communications from freezing, we insulate them with mineral wool or foil rolled insulation.

When choosing a material, we take into account that it is in contact with the surface of the earth, therefore, with a close occurrence of water or flooding, all harmful factors will affect it.

materials

The hinged plinth is light and does not require ground work

Consider how to close the pile foundation from the outside. It is important that the material used for finishing is durable and frost-resistant, does not lose its qualities under the influence of temperature extremes and ultraviolet radiation.

More reliable is the finishing of the base of the pile foundation with stone, brick, cinder block, concrete. This will require the implementation of earthworks by the type of shallow foundation.

The hinged structure is light in weight and does not require earthworks. Polymer, wood and composite materials are used, which are quickly and easily mounted.

When finishing the basement of a house on stilts, it is necessary to arrange ventilation holes that will create natural air circulation and protect the building from dampness. As protection against penetration into the ventilation of animals and debris, we close the channels with a mesh.

The most commonly used basement siding for finishing a screw foundation.

It is produced in the form of decorative panels with a thickness of 1 to 2.5 mm.

Advantages:

possibility of application in any climatic zone, including in the north;
resistance to mechanical stress;
light weight, ease of installation;
has low thermal conductivity, retains heat;
durability 40-50 years;
does not collapse under the influence of moisture, ultraviolet radiation.

The possibility of facing the foundation of a house with semicircular shapes is provided. For this, a technology was launched into production, thanks to which the material is easily bent. Panels of small thickness (1.1 mm) are produced with the addition of synthetic threads.

There are a large number of produced collections that imitate natural stone and brick, which can be matched to any design solution.

Profile flooring

One sheet of corrugated board will block a significant space

Sometimes the question arises of how to close the screw piles so that the work can be completed during the day.

In 4-7 hours, you can close the pile foundation with profile sheets.

The width is available from 1 to 4 m, due to this, a significant space can be covered with one sheet.

Advantages:

a polymer-coated sheet has a service life of 30-50 years, a galvanized sheet lasts 10-15 years;
available in various colors and sizes;
a light weight.

The disadvantages include:

in places where the coating is damaged, the sheet is subject to corrosion;
the zinc coating is gradually eroding away.

Profile sheets have a wavy or corrugated shape, in appearance they significantly lose to siding.

Asbestos slabs - non-environmental material

Every year this material loses its popularity, it is replaced by modern, environmentally friendly materials.

Advantages:

resistant to atmospheric influences;
durable.

Disadvantages:

asbestos is hazardous to human health and pollutes the environment;
fragile;
unattractive appearance.

The plinth of the screw foundation, sewn up with flat slate, will not be in harmony with the construction of modern materials.

Frame system

It is a budget option. For the installation of the crate, we use vertical racks made of timber (metal) with horizontal rails and metal profiles attached between them. We attach acrylic and vinyl siding to a prefabricated frame. For more information on how to close the basement space in a house on screw piles, see this video:

Leaf system

Tiles can be laid on the mounted profile

It is economically advantageous to use a leaf system.

Device steps:

we fix vertically a metal profile (corner, pipe) or a wooden beam;
we fix cement-bonded or asbestos-cement boards;
we lay tiles, porcelain tiles, bituminous tiles on the stove.

We provide ventilation holes in the panels for the timely removal of excess water.

Composite materials

As a composite material we use:

light polymer-sand panels reinforced with cellulose threads;
fiber cement sheets have great strength, reliability;

Often the question arises of how to close the piles in the places where there is a possibility of mechanical damage. It is better to close up the basement space near the house, which stands on the road with high traffic, with a polymer-sand composite.

Brickwork is a reliable, but expensive and time-consuming method of finishing the foundation on screw piles. To correctly and evenly lay the cladding, you need to have construction skills.

Advantages:

durability, strength, reliability;
high thermal insulation qualities;
additional support for housing construction;
aesthetic appearance.

Disadvantages:

high price;
laboriousness.

How to close the basement space with a brick:

remove the fertile layer by 30-40 cm;
we fall asleep a pillow of sand, gravel, ramming;
we warm the sole;
laying a brick.

Masonry should be connected by means of metal pins to piles. The metal is welded to the crate, adheres to the brick by means of cement mortar.

In a site with a low level of soil freezing, a distance of 5-8 mm should be provided between the finishing material and the soil. It will provide air circulation and protect the material from destruction during soil heaving.

blind area

The blind area isolates the basement from moisture

Upon contact with the soil, the quality of the facing materials is lost, so the surface must be isolated from moisture and a blind area should be made. As a waterproofing, we use roofing material or dense polyethylene, one end of which is filled under the blind area, the second edge is bent onto the crate of the frame under the finishing material.

At the end of the lining, we arrange a blind area, which will prevent rain and melt water from leaking under the building. To ensure the drainage of water and condensate, it must be mounted with a slope of 1.5 degrees from the base. Concrete is evenly poured into the formwork, in which a mesh of reinforcement is laid. In the place of docking with the base of the foundation, we lay an expansion joint. For more information about blind areas in a house on screw piles, see this video:

When the house is located on a slope, part of the underground can be equipped as a cellar, in this case we provide for the installation of a door.

Upon completion of the main stages of building a house, they begin to finish the base of the pile-screw foundation. Decorative finishing in the case of piles is even more necessary than if a strip base is used, since it not only decorates the house, but also performs a protective function. The screw foundation is open to all atmospheric influences, the wind blows under the house and water flows. This will affect not only comfort, but also the durability of the screw structure if the base of the house is not covered with decoration.

Finishing can be done in two ways:

installation of a hinged plinth;
erection of brick foundation walls.

The first way is much easier - you just need to install decorative panels on a wooden or metal crate attached to piles or walls of the house. In the second case, you will have to make a small concrete base. In addition to complexity, options vary in cost. The choice is also based on the aesthetics of a particular material. What unites the methods of finishing the basement is that even an inexperienced person can cope with the work.

Finishing materials of the hinged plinth

The hinged base has several advantages over brick:

profitability;
high speed and ease of installation - even when working alone, the task can be completed in a day;
ventilation of the foundation is ensured, thanks to which the screw piles are protected from condensate.

Various panel decorative materials are used to finish the basement of a pile foundation using a hinged technology. The question arises - which one is better to use?

Basement siding is the most common pile foundation finishing material. Its popularity is due to the low cost of the material, its high mechanical strength, resistance to moisture and temperature changes. Biological destruction (mold, rotting due to bacterial damage, being eaten by rodents and insects) does not threaten such a plinth. In addition, there is a wide range of siding colors - from simple solid colors to panels that mimic natural stone.

Plastic panels

Plastic panels can be made from different polymers - expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam and others. This allows you to give them almost any color, texture and shape. In addition, they can simultaneously act as a heater.

Plastic is strong enough, immune to atmospheric and biological influences. Its use is an economical finishing option. However, they also look somewhat cheap compared to siding and, moreover, a brick plinth.

Decking

Metal sheets of corrugated board are easy to process, very durable and reliably protected from moisture and temperature fluctuations. Installing them is no less simple than other options for finishing materials. The only drawback is the narrowness of the scope. Sheathing the foundation with them is possible only in conjunction with some types of wall decoration. For a wooden house, for example, such a plinth is not suitable.

You can also close the underground with cheaper materials - for example, slate or DSP sheets finished with painted plaster.

The technology of mounting the hinged finish of the plinth

Installation of a hinged plinth begins with the assembly of the crate. You can make it either from wooden slats or from a metal profile. In the first case, the frame elements are screwed to steel brackets, which must be welded to the piles in advance. The profile is welded directly to the parts of the screw foundation.

As a rule, the crate consists of two parallel boards, one of which is attached directly under the wall of the house, and the second - at a distance of 150–200 mm from the ground. This distance may vary depending on the climatic conditions in the region. It is necessary to make sure that 50-70 mm remain from the edge of the decorative plates to the surface of the earth - this is necessary to compensate for the thermal expansion of the soil.

After installing the parallel elements of the crate, you can install vertical slats or a metal profile. This is done in cases where the base is too high to ensure greater structural strength. In this case, the installation step should be 400–450 mm.

A shallow trench about 30 cm wide is dug around the perimeter of the house and covered with sand. Then the insulation material is mounted on the crate. A rolled waterproofing is fixed on top of it, the end of which should spread along the sand. The edge of the roll is compacted into the sand. Paving slabs are laid on top of the sand. This whole structure is called a blind area and acts as a drainage system that protects the basement from excess moisture.

If siding is chosen as a finishing material, a starting profile is installed on top of the insulation in the lower part of the basement. Decorative panels are inserted into it, which are then attached to the crate through the thermal insulation using self-tapping screws. The corners of the structure are reinforced with special profiles that come with the siding. To protect the plinth from precipitation flowing down the walls, metal tides are installed on top of the finish.

The basement should be closed in a hinged way, guided by several rules:

all wooden elements of the crate must be carefully treated with antiseptic and antifungal impregnations;
plates of decorative material should be installed with small gaps to ensure ventilation of the space under the house;
the drainage blind area should be designed at a slight slope from the house (no more than 5 °).

If instead of siding it is decided to close the foundation with plastic panels or sheets of corrugated board, the technology for installing the material is somewhat simpler - the starting profile is not needed, the finish is attached directly to the crate. It is important to observe the gap between the bottom edge of the finish and the ground surface.

brick plinth

The capital brick plinth provides not only high aesthetics of the building, but also strong and reliable protection of the underground space of the house. If necessary, such a basement can be turned into a basement. However, finishing will cost much more than when installing a hinged plinth, and the work will be more difficult.

There are two options for mounting a brickwork plinth.

On a reinforced concrete belt. The possibility of using this method depends on the characteristics of the soil - if it expands greatly during freezing, this option is not recommended.
On a metal profile that plays the role of a shelf for bricks.

Installation in the first way is carried out in the following order.

A trench is dug around the perimeter of the building. It is not necessary to make it too deep, since the mass of the base is small.
The walls of the trench are covered with rolled waterproofing material.
A reinforcing strap is formed in the trench.
Cement-sand mortar is poured.
A brick is being laid. Ventilation holes should be provided in each wall of the basement.
Decorative finishing of masonry is carried out - for this you can use plaster or any other material.

In the second case, the work will take a little less time and effort. A metal equal-shelf angle must be welded to the piles at a height of about 50-70 mm from the ground to ensure ventilation. The length of this profile can be 6 or 12 m - you can choose any depending on the length of the walls of the house. The thickness of the steel is selected according to the height and weight of the base.

Thus, there are several ways to close the base of a pile-screw foundation. The choice of the right one is based on the complexity and high cost of the work - however, you can cope in any case. Finishing the plinth will not only make the house more beautiful, but also extend the life of the screw piles, so it is definitely worth doing.

Finishing the basement of a pile-screw foundation with your own hands

The decorative finish of the pile-screw foundation not only decorates the house, but also performs a protective function. There are several ways to close the plinth.

Not expected. If there is a special need for the device of this structural element, then it is recommended to carry out work on the construction of a shallow tape located between the piles. As a result, you can get a hinged base. Finishing the basement of a pile-screw foundation will not take too much time and effort, but it will require a certain approach and skills, because the lining will need to be given special attention.

The plinth gives the country house on stilts an interesting and finished appearance. For its device, you can use a variety of finishes. Facing the pile foundation allows you to close the free space under the house.

A pile-screw foundation is not used as often as a tape or monolithic one. That is why many developers approach its device with caution. Finishing the basement of such a foundation does not take much effort and time, because it is carried out using quite traditional technologies.

Hanging structure device

In the presence of a pile foundation, a hinged plinth is a simple and economical solution. For its device, it is required to carry out work in the following sequence:

Sheathing device. You can use a wooden crate impregnated with an antiseptic or a metal profile. Particular attention should be paid to the quality of fastening of frame elements to piles.
Next, the finishing material is fixed to the crate. You can use basement thermal panels, asbestos-cement slabs, insulated facade slabs, etc.
Then, all corners are reduced and the seams are carefully sealed, ebbs, additional elements, droppers are installed.
If necessary (depending on the material used), a final surface finish is performed.

Fastening panels to a wooden crate.

Mounting a hinged base on a pile-screw foundation has the following advantages:

Finishing a basement of this type does not require serious financial costs.
Quick and easy installation, which can be done by hand in one day.
Good ventilation of the underground empty space, which protects the entire structure from condensation.
Aesthetic appearance.
For a hinged plinth, you can use any finishing materials of low weight.

Installation of siding on a hinged plinth

The best way to finish a pile-screw foundation is to close it with basement siding. Siding has the following benefits:

Low cost of material and labor.
High level of finish strength and good protection against mechanical loads of different levels.
Finishing can be done by hand. Any other material will be much more difficult.
Siding is resistant to biological influences, temperature extremes, high humidity.
The modern market offers a huge selection of all kinds of siding (stone, brick, granite, etc.).

Finishing the basement begins with the installation of a wooden or metal crate. The crate must cover the entire visible part of the pile foundation. The sequence of work is as follows:

First of all, the starting bar is mounted, located at a height of 150-200 mm from the ground (during construction in the southern regions, the profile can be placed lower).
Then, a vertical crate is installed. In this case, you can use wooden slats or metal profiles (this is a more reliable solution). Between the rails, the pitch should be 400-450 mm (i.e. 3 rails per panel).
The starting bar is fixed at the bottom of the crate. It must be brought under the siding. Often a horizontal rail (perforated corner) is installed.
After that, horizontal panels, internal and external corners are mounted.
If the siding is fastened with self-tapping screws, then it is necessary to ensure that they enter the panels not at an angle, but as evenly as possible. The panels are provided with special holes for fasteners. It is not worth tightening the screws too much, it is necessary to leave a compensation gap of 1 mm.
At the end, ebbs are mounted. Of course, if they are required in a particular case.

Socle siding allows you to easily and quickly close an unattractive pile-screw foundation, so this finishing material is chosen in most cases.

If your house stands on a pile-screw foundation, then you can close the unattractive structural elements with the help of a shallow plinth, the lower part of which will be a foundation tape. The pile foundation of the house in this case will receive additional reinforcement, which will ensure a high level of reliability of the entire building. The tape is poured between piles with a slight recess in the ground.

Brickwork on a strip base.

In the process of installing such a base, the following work is performed:

Digging a trench. The trench should lie between the piles, strictly along the perimeter.
Filling the trench with cement mortar (reinforcement is preliminarily laid).
Building walls. For the construction of the walls of the basement of the pile-screw foundation, brick or cinder-concrete masonry is excellent. Vents should be provided in the design to ensure ventilation of the space.
Wall decoration. Finally, the basement surface is finished. You can close the masonry with a layer of plaster, thermal panels, siding or other materials. Facing is carried out according to standard technologies.

A shallow basement made under a pile-screw foundation has the following advantages:

High level of strength, resistance to mechanical stress.
Such a base can be easily combined with a blind area.
If required, you can make a spacious basement.
Attractive and good looking.

Among the shortcomings, the following can be distinguished:

If there are significant elevation differences on the land plot, then the device of such a base is unjustified.
If the soil on the ground is heaving, the basement finish will deform and collapse during operation.
When compared with a hinged base for a pile foundation, then a shallow-depth device is much more expensive.

If the pile-screw foundation needs to be finished, then a variety of materials can be used: siding, profiled sheet, flat slate, thermal panels and other types of cladding. The choice of this or that material will depend, first of all, on the requirements and capabilities of the owner of the house.

All work on the arrangement and finishing of the basement can be carried out independently. When facing a hinged plinth, it is not recommended to use too massive finishing materials (for example, clinker tiles).

When, if possible, a metal crate should be used. In the free space that will be formed between the basement and the finishing material, it is necessary to place a heat insulator, which will ensure a high level of insulation of the basement of the building.

In contact with

Classmates

The pile-screw foundation remains one of the most inexpensive and simple solutions for building houses from “light” materials: wood, frame panels, etc.

But in order for screw piles to last as long as possible, it is important to carefully finish and close the plinth if available.

The main element is piles made of high quality steel.

They are screwed into the ground manually or with the help of special equipment, always below the level of freezing.

At the end of pile products there is either a combined thread for deepening into the soil, or special blades.

Reference! Screw piles equipped with blades are considered a more reliable solution, since during drilling they better compact the ground, giving the foundation even more stability.

The pile-screw foundation is suitable for all types of soils, excluding rocky ones., easily withstands both compressive longitudinal and transverse loads and is not afraid of heaving of the soil.

One of the most important stages turns out to be, which is most often made with a board, beam, channel and some other materials, as well as finishing the foundation on screw piles and closing. Particular attention should be paid to this if you want to make a basement in the house.

You can also familiarize yourself with, or with his.

Finishing methods

Finishing the plinth of a pile-screw foundation is traditionally done two ways:

1. Installation of a hinged plinth. This is the most simple and economical solution for a limited budget.

You can make a hinged base quite easily, without resorting to the help of professionals, literally in a day.

In addition, such an element looks aesthetically attractive and provides good ventilation of the underground space preventing condensation.

2. Installation of a shallow tape-type plinth, in which the lower part is a concrete strip poured between piles with a slight recess into the soil. This guarantees the foundation increased strength and resistance even to significant deformations and mechanical loads.

It is easily combined with a blind area and allows the possibility of arranging a large and spacious basement allowing to expand the usable area of the building.

The shallow tape base looks quite attractive, however on heaving or unstable soil it should not be done: the risk of rapid destruction and deformation is very high. In addition, its installation will cost significantly more than a hinged one.

Important! To create a hinged plinth, any lightweight materials are suitable: tiles, siding, thermal panels, thin-layer plaster, terrazzo and others.

Advantages and disadvantages

If you nevertheless decided to build a basement floor during the construction of the foundation on screw piles, it has certain pros:

finishing the screw foundation of the house allows reliably protect the basement from moisture, temperature changes, strong winds and other climatic factors, so expensive repairs will not be needed soon;
finished plinth is enough difficult obstacle for rodents and other small animals, which, in search of food and shelter, often climb into private homes;
the plinth serves as additional protection against the adverse effects of the environment and makes the appearance of the building more harmonious and attractive.

However, do not forget that many materials, especially the budget segment, have their own limitations:

toxicity, which can lead to health problems for those living in the house;
high degree of flammability(for example, decorative panels): this is quite dangerous in case of fire.

Important! The use of poor-quality materials or improper work often entails the gradual destruction of the base, which is closely connected with the plinth. In some cases it may be required.

materials

Finishing the pile-screw foundation is possible in different versions. The modern market provides a fairly wide range of materials for finishing the basement.

To the most common relate:

Siding(decorative panels made of fiber cement or polypropylene). If you are thinking about how to close the foundation on screw piles, then this option will be the most obvious: siding is distinguished by its relative cheapness, a high degree of protection against various mechanical loads and resistance to extreme temperature extremes, high humidity and biological influences. This material has a wide variety of appearance: you can buy it under brick, natural stone, granite, etc.
OSB boards. They are made on the basis of polymer resins, which makes such a cladding less susceptible to high humidity or groundwater flow at a shallow depth from the soil surface. Such plates are even do not require pre-priming during installation and are distinguished by a high coefficient of strength. Therefore, the choice for this material when deciding how to sheathe a pile-screw foundation often falls.
Asbestos-cement slabs(flat slate) . This is one of the most inexpensive options that is easy to attach and looks quite presentable, but characterized by increased fragility.
Facing brick. It will ensure the strength of the plinth finish for many years, has increased frost resistance and allows you to choose a wide variety of colors and textures to your liking.
Natural or artificial stone. This is an environmentally friendly material, characterized by a unique range of colors. He has high hydrophobicity and excellent heat and sound insulation properties. Such a finish will serve you for a very long time without deteriorating performance, but it will be expensive.
Decorative tiles. Its undeniable advantages are excellent moisture insulation, unique appearance and heat resistance. But the price for it remains quite high, and the large weight and the inability to equip the basement ventilation can be attributed to the obvious disadvantages of the material.

Important! If you prefer brick as a facing material, be prepared for the finish to take significantly longer due to the use of a cement-sand mortar. To ensure a uniform color of the facade, you will have to use bricks exclusively from one batch.

How to close the base in a pile-screw foundation?

If you are planning to make on a pile-screw foundation hinged plinth, you need to do the following:

Any plinth finish begins with arrangement of crates made of wood or metal. It is produced as follows: at a height of 150-200 mm from the ground level, an initial plank is installed, and then a vertical crate is mounted on it (the distance between metal laths or wooden planks should be about 400-450 mm).
The starting bar is securely fixed at the bottom of the crate and is brought under the panels, sometimes additionally strengthening with a perforated corner.
Then produce installation of horizontal panels, corners from the outside and inside. They are fixed with self-tapping screws, making sure that they enter the material as evenly as possible. Do not screw them in too tightly, leaving a small compensation hole of 1 mm.

How to close a pile-screw foundation with a plinth cladding decorative brick? Perform the following steps in this way:

Recede from the heat-insulating layer a few centimeters to ensure ventilation and start laying out the first layer bricks using cement-sand mortar.
The inner wall of the cladding is made of at least 2 rows of masonry, and dressing is recommended to be done every 2-3 rows of bricks. It is best to lay out the first row with a poke, and the next two with a spoon method. The height of the masonry is leveled by means of additional bricks fixed above the rows laid out in a bonding manner.
At the end of the bearing and facing wall tied with anchor bolts or dowels for maximum strength.

Attention! When finishing the basement of the pile foundation with bricks, it is important to start work at a time when all other parts of the building are already completely ready and closed.

Finishing the base of the pile foundation with the help of a stone consists of the following steps:

The surface is leveled and primed.
The stone is cut on the ground in such a way that when laid it forms a kind of mosaic.
To fix the material on the surface, use glue with high adhesive power.

Creation shallow tape base accessible even to a beginner. To do this, they dig a trench, fill it with cement mortar, erect the walls of the basement using brick and cinder block masonry, and finish the basement with thermal panels, siding or any other materials.

It is worth noting that if you chose screw piles: a foundation with a basement, then all these methods make it possible not only to finish beautifully, but also almost 100% protect it from adverse weather factors and mechanical influences.

Warming

Insulation of the basement of a pile-screw foundation is a stage that should not be neglected, since when installing such a foundation, a fairly large empty space remains under the house to the level of the soil. The disadvantage of this is the cold floor which is very uncomfortable to walk on.

You can avoid this by creating heat-insulating layer between the flooring of the interior and the foundation, for example, by insulating the pile-screw foundation of a wooden house with the help of one of the modern industrial heaters.

Reference! Some of the most common materials are mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam, but all of them require additional waterproofing due to their increased sensitivity to moisture. Moisture-proof polystyrene foam and foam glass are deprived of this drawback.

Do-it-yourself insulation of the screw foundation is performed as follows algorithm:

Starting to solve the problem of how to insulate a pile-screw foundation on the basement wall eliminate all irregularities and treat it with a primer for more secure attachment of insulation sheets.
Insulation sheets are glued from the inside with an adhesive composition or a special foam adhesive. In the latter case, the insulation is temporarily attached with special umbrellas to avoid damage to the sheet when the foam swells.
Sheet joints are worked out especially well to prevent cold from entering the house.
From the inside to the wall of the insulated basement sprinkle some soil or expanded clay to avoid blowout.

Important! How to insulate the foundation on screw piles with high quality? Insulation is usually glued in two layers and a metal mesh is installed on top of it - protection from rodents.

blind area

The blind area of the screw foundation prevents the penetration of rain moisture from the soil and the infiltration of shallow groundwater into the underground. For this reason, the floors in the house always remain dry, and the microclimate is comfortable. It protects the foundation from the growth of plants through it and gives it a more well-groomed appearance.

When creating a blind area, it is necessary to take into account following:

It should have the widest possible width, ideally 60-100 cm (for heaving soils).
The blind area includes a large number of layers that are laid at an angle to the foundation (minimum - 1.5 0).
Bulk layers of the blind area usually include dense clay(thickness 15-20 cm), crushed stone and sand (each layer takes about 5 cm). With deep freezing of the soil, layers of foam are laid under them.
Where the blind area adjoins the house, it is necessary to make an additional insulating seam, for which two layers of bitumen or roofing material are used.
The top layer of the blind area must necessarily have waterproof properties. As a material, asphalt, reinforced concrete, paving slabs, all types of stone or just cement pouring are suitable. It does not interfere with the installation of trays on the blind area as elements of storm sewers.

Useful video

Visually familiarize yourself with the option of finishing the basement of the foundation on screw piles, as well as finishing with facing bricks in the video below:

findings

Finishing the basement of a pile-screw foundation (including cladding, blind area and insulation of the foundation of a house on screw piles) is a very important stage of construction, on which both the duration of operation of the building without major repairs and its appearance depend.

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