What zones does the layout of the kitchen consist of. Proper kitchen layout: tips and ideas. Who will suit the kitchen in two rows

It has long been customary that the kitchen is the hearth, the soul of the house, so it is so important to plan it correctly. Its interior should be balanced and harmonious. This is where the family comes together to eat and socialize. Here the hostess spends a lot of time preparing food. That is why the kitchen room should be cozy and competently, ergonomically designed.

Interior design must begin with a definition - for what, in fact, this room will serve. Will it be a place for frequent gatherings with friends over a glass of wine, or will it become a laboratory for the production of culinary masterpieces? How many people will be at the large table at the same time, how often will you need to cook something? Depending on the answers to these questions, you should start planning the interior of the kitchen and choosing household appliances.

It is estimated that the hostess of the house spends 60% of the time spent in the kitchen working at the sink. The next point is the stove, then the refrigerator. And the distances that a woman walks in the process of cooking are calculated not in meters, but in kilometers.

At the beginning of the last century, the rule of the "golden triangle" was derived - this is the formula for the ideal location of the most important kitchen points. You should not reinvent the wheel, because you can simply apply this rule on your square meters. The optimal distance is from 1.2 to 2.7 m between the tops of the "golden triangle".

Building the interior according to these parameters will help minimize physical activity and optimize the cooking process.

The richness of the choice of kitchen furniture and various fixtures and accessories can confuse even the most practical housewife. I want to buy everything at once. But you should not rush: carefully consider the functional load of each item, consider it from the point of view of convenience and aesthetics.

Order in the kitchen is the basis of comfort. Keeping household utensils in perfect order is not so difficult. It is enough to determine for each item its specific place and strictly follow the rule: put it there immediately after use. There are plenty of options for compact storage of dishes and accessories: cabinets, shelves, open racks, various organizers.

Recently, it has become very fashionable to design a kitchen "island" - combining a desktop, sink, and stove in the middle of the room. Of course, it is very effective. But the island becomes convenient only if there is at least 1 m of free space around its perimeter for passage. Therefore, before installing such a "peak of fashion" in your home, you should very accurately calculate all the overall parameters of the future "island".

From a safety point of view, overhead general lighting for the kitchen is not enough. There must be a directional illumination of the desktop, sink and stove. It is necessary that in this case the beam would fall from the front or from the side.

5 main rules for a comfortable layout

Many factors influence the layout of the kitchen: location in the apartment, its size and shape, the number of family members and, of course, the location of utilities. All these points must be taken into account even at the stage of developing a design project and before purchasing furniture. There are a number of rules, compliance with which will be the key to creating a functional and safe space.

1. "Rule of the Triangle". The main components of the kitchen working area - a sink, a refrigerator and a stove - should be located so that the hostess does not have to waste energy and time on obviously unnecessary movements. It is optimal to place these kitchen elements at the vertices of an imaginary triangle, the length of each side of which should not exceed 2 meters.
2. First of all, you should determine the place for the sink, which requires connection to communications and acts as the main center of activity in the kitchen. And only after that you can plan where the furniture and appliances will be located.
3. The plate is installed in such a way that at least 40 centimeters of the working surface remain on both sides of it. It is not safe to place the stove next to the sink and the window, but its close proximity to the dining table is not the worst layout option.
4. It is better to put the refrigerator in one of the corners of the kitchen so as not to tear the work surfaces into small sections. Naturally, its door, being open, should not block the free space.
5. Tall pieces of furniture or household appliances should be placed so that they do not end up in the working area of ​​​​the kitchen, otherwise this will lead to its significant reduction.

Types of kitchen layouts

L-/L-shaped (angular)
Versatile design option suitable for almost any room. But it will be most advantageous for medium-sized square kitchens (from 8 to 10 square meters). From the point of view of implementing the “triangle rule”, the corner kitchen is the most ergonomic: furniture and appliances, being placed along two adjacent walls, create a very comfortable separate work area.

Pros: you can easily organize a full-fledged dining area, install built-in appliances.

Cons: not suitable for too narrow and very large rooms

• WE RECOMMEND:

Single row (linear)
This layout scheme is mainly used in small, narrow kitchens and small studio apartments. Furniture and household appliances are installed along one of the walls, preferably in such a way that the stove and refrigerator are located on opposite sides of the sink. If the total length of the working surface in a linear kitchen exceeds 3.5 meters, then such a layout cannot be called ergonomic.

Pros: the ability to use the layout in small kitchens

Cons: limited space for cooking, no space for additional appliances.

• WE RECOMMEND:

Double row (parallel)
This layout option is suitable for decorating a fairly spacious kitchen (12-15 square meters), which can be used as a passage room. The stove and sink are usually located along one wall, and the refrigerator and cabinets are along another, parallel to it.

Pros: spaciousness, the ability to accommodate a significant amount of embedded equipment

Cons: Due to limited space, it is difficult to find a place for a dining table.

• WE RECOMMEND:

U or U-shaped
A convenient type of layout that can be used in rooms of various sizes, but will most successfully fit into a kitchen of 10-12 square meters. meters. The kitchen set and appliances are grouped along three walls, each of which has one element of the working triangle.

Pros: no through traffic, plenty of space for household appliances.

Cons: not suitable for both very small and oversized kitchens, difficult to organize a dining area.

• WE RECOMMEND:

Island
This option is exclusively for large kitchens (from 16 square meters), which are often combined with dining rooms. In fact, we are talking about any of the layouts mentioned above, supplemented by an island. It refers to a working area or a dining table that is taken out to the center of the kitchen. The optimal size of the island, which can be of a wide variety of configurations and sizes. At the same time, it should be placed so as not to share access to the elements of the working triangle.

Pros: Functionality, creating an atmosphere of a single space in large rooms

Cons: Not suitable for small kitchens.

• WE RECOMMEND:

peninsular
Type of layout, which is a modification of the kitchen with an island. Here, the central element adjoins the wall with its butt and forms a kind of ledge, which, as a rule, is used to separate the working area from the dining area.

The pros and cons of this type of layout largely repeat the "island". True, the peninsula is a little more economical in terms of space.

• WE RECOMMEND:

Free (non-fixed)
Such a layout implies the presence in the kitchen of cutting tables, bedside tables and other elements equipped with wheels, which allows them to be freely moved from one place to another.

Pros: facilitating work in the kitchen, the ability to periodically modify the interior.

Cons: for maneuvers you need a lot of free space.

For small kitchens, a single-row placement of headset elements would be a good solution, in large rooms the space will perfectly unite and zone due to the “island” or “peninsula”, and the corner and U-shaped layouts are suitable for decorating almost any kitchen.

How to choose?

How to choose from the existing variety of layouts the one that is ideal for your kitchen? Experts in kitchen ergonomics recommend:

1. Draw up a detailed diagram of the room, on which to indicate all the details - its exact dimensions, door and window openings, the location of water and sewer pipes, ventilation openings, electrical outlets.
2. Make a plan for the future kitchen. Today, this can be done not only in the old-fashioned way (with a pencil on a sheet of paper), but also with the help of online planners and special programs that allow even a beginner to equip a virtual room: arrange furniture, choose flooring, wall color, etc.
3. Seek advice from professionals. Experienced design consultants and managers in kitchen showrooms will easily offer you not one, but several kitchen layout options at once, from which you will have to choose the one that matches your ideas about your dream kitchen. Most companies offer this service for free, but some of them may charge a small fee for calculating and developing a design project for a future set, which will be credited when buying a kitchen set from this company.

When installing kitchen furniture and other necessary equipment, special attention should be paid to the preferences and convenience of the hostess, who spends a sufficient amount of time here.

So, the classic layout is this option: in the center of the workspace there is a sink, on both sides of it there is a refrigerator and a stove - this is the so-called work triangle.

A countertop is usually installed between the refrigerator and the sink, while its width must be at least 40 cm.

It is very convenient if the countertops are also located on both sides of the stove. Their size should also not be less than 40 cm.

In addition, the kitchen must have a worktop at least 80 cm long, on which you can place small household appliances, dishes and cook.

In the event that the layout is straight, the best place for a long countertop will be the place between the sink and the stove.

For many, having a spacious room is a pipe dream, but you can also install a functional and beautiful furniture set on it.

Having decided on a redevelopment, you can do a dining room and get an open plan. In this case, planning the working area and the eating area becomes much easier.

So, architects and designers proposed to divide kitchens by type of layout, based on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room:

5-6 sq.m- open type

8-9 sq.m- closed

10-15 sq.m.- closed with dining table

over 18 sq.m- closed with an island

At the same time, a furniture set in an open-type kitchen can be installed in a row, in two rows, L-shaped, with an island or a peninsula.

For closed kitchens, the minimum possible width is 180 cm. In this case, you can choose a direct layout, leaving enough free space for movement from the opposite wall. The remaining free space can be occupied either by cabinets or by installing a small dining table.

You can install a headset in two rows only if the width of the room is at least 240 cm, while 120 cm remains for free movement.

The optimal width of the room for organizing a dining space for 4 people is at least 250-270 cm.

A kitchen with an island is an excellent layout option if several doors lead here or redevelopment has been carried out. In this case, the island perfectly and absolutely organically divides the space between the working and dining areas.

The layout of the kitchen with the island can be done in various ways.

In the first version, the island includes a stove and sink, thanks to which you can cook and at the same time communicate with family or guests.

In the second version, the island is a worktop and a place for serving ready meals; you can also use it as a bar counter. Of the minuses - during cooking, the hostess is with her back to the guests.
As you can see, planning is a very difficult and extremely responsible task, because the convenience and functionality of the future kitchen will directly depend on it.

Ideal for both rectangular and square rooms from and above, one of the most popular layout options.

With a corner layout, it is advisable to install a sink in the corner, leaving a free countertop on both sides of it. According to the triangle rule, a stove is installed on one side of the sink, and a refrigerator on the other. As for hanging and floor cabinets, it is convenient to store dishes above the sink and dishwasher, and cereals and groceries near the stove.

Direct kitchen: from 5 sq.m

The best option for planning narrow kitchens. In this case, the furniture set is located along one of the long walls. If there is not enough space for floor cabinets, you can use wall cabinets. Looks good on and above.

U-shaped: from 12 sq.m

Perfect for spacious rooms from 12 sq.m. U-shaped layout involves placing the headset on three walls. At the same time, according to the triangle rule, it is necessary to install a refrigerator and a stove on parallel walls, and between them - a washing area with a work surface.

If after arranging the furniture between two parallel walls there is more than 200 cm of passage, it is better to choose a corner or straight layout.

U-shaped for 6 sq.m may be appropriate if. In this case, you can separate the cooking area from the dining area using the bar counter.

Parallel direct kitchens: from 10 sq.m

A kitchen with an island is the best option for large square rooms from 20 sq.m. With this layout, you can place one of the work areas separately from the main part of the furniture. As a rule, the island has a cooking zone or a washing zone. A spectacular option, despite the visual reduction of space. A more benign option could be peninsular cuisine. It is convenient to store kitchen utensils and dishes on the peninsula, and maybe even a dining table.

The layout of the kitchen is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. A lot depends on the proper placement of furniture and appliances in the kitchen. For example, you might try to fit a bunch of different kitchen items into a small kitchen in the wrong order.

Thus, walking later and bumping into the corners of kitchen utensils. Or, on the contrary, try to make a competent arrangement of furniture in a spacious kitchen. And then run around it like on a football field in search of the right plate.

Where to place everything

When arranging furniture and appliances in the kitchen, it is important to take into account the triangle rule, thanks to which the workflow becomes convenient and comfortable, and most importantly, safe. Such a triangle consists of a stove, a refrigerator and a sink. They are the main components during cooking, since it is between them that movement occurs.

The location should be in the following order: first the refrigerator, the sink is installed in the middle, and then comes the stove. This is due to the natural sequence, that is, the products first lie in the refrigerator, they are taken out, washed and then heat treated.

The main task is to place these items at a distance of at least 60 cm from each other. It is also necessary to take into account the location of communication systems for installing any element. Now more about each of them.

Where to place the sink

There are several options for placing a sink in the kitchen. The most common of them, which is suitable for any layout of the headset, is installation on a straight line. And this is the only way for . The sink is installed in the center between the refrigerator and the stove. It can be rectangular, square, round.

The second option is suitable for a corner layout or U-shape. The location is in the corner. Such sinks are considered corner sinks, but can also be round, rectangular or square.

The effective and brightest place for installing the sink is near the window. In this case, you can combine business with pleasure by watching the beautiful view from the window while washing dishes or food.

Attention! This installation site is generally the most costly, since you need to pull the communications system far enough. Therefore, the cost of installation increases significantly. In addition, you will have to wipe the window much more often due to drops on the glass.

Finally, in a large kitchen it is very convenient to install an addition in the form of an island, where the sink will be placed. It can become a continuation of the work surface, and very often drawers are placed under the table. In this case, it is necessary to think over the broach of communications in advance, since they will pass under the floor.

Where to install the stove

As already mentioned, the stove is included in the working triangle, so its location depends on the sink and refrigerator. In fact, its placement is possible in the same way as sinks, however, certain restrictions must be met.

First of all, it should be at least 60-90 cm from the sink and refrigerator. According to the operating rules, it should not be installed closer than 50 cm from a balcony door or an opening window sash.

A gust of wind can extinguish the flame, which is very dangerous if not noticed in time. Therefore, under the window that opens, the stove should not be installed.

Also, safety standards state that the slab should stand at a distance of at least 6-7 cm from the walls. In this regard, it is not recommended to install it close to the corner. It is best to put a cabinet near the wall or extend the work surface by at least 15 cm, and then put the stove.

Moreover, during cooking, splashes of fat are easier to clean from the countertop, and not from a vertical wall. Therefore, the best option is to position the headset in a straight line.

Where to put the refrigerator

The refrigerator takes up the most space due to its large dimensions, so it is important to choose the right place for it. First of all, you need to look at the side to which it opens.

It is desirable that it be to the nearest wall. In addition, the door must open completely, otherwise the cabinets simply cannot be opened.

The most preferred place for installing the refrigerator is the corner. It will take up little space, will not block the road. Often it is installed near the door, where there is a straight wall and an angle is also formed.

This option may be even more convenient than the first, depending on the layout of the kitchen. Built-in appliances are becoming increasingly popular, so this arrangement of the refrigerator is also relevant. In addition, it will save space, and in general it will advantageously fit into the overall interior.

Placement of washing machine and dishwasher

A washing machine and dishwasher are also often installed in the kitchen. According to the location rules, it is not recommended to put them next to the stove, because, despite the presence of a protective thermal insulation layer, heating can still adversely affect the operation of the device.

The minimum distance between them should be 15 cm, but ideally 40 cm. An end cabinet for installation is also undesirable. Fastening will be unreliable at the expense of fasteners only on this side. Appliances can be either built-in or located under a tabletop that does not have palaces.

Advice! The problem of convenience is solved by the location near the sink of the dishwasher or washing machine. This is not only the availability of detergents on hand, but also helps to easily connect to the communications system.

Small kitchen layout

In a small kitchen, the issue of planning furniture and appliances is particularly acute. It is not always possible to carry out everything planned and install all the necessary elements. Of course, a sink or stove is unlikely to be transferred to another room.

But the refrigerator may well not be installed in the kitchen, but put, for example, in the corridor or hallway. The washing machine can be perfectly placed in the bathroom and free up space in a small room.

If the refrigerator is planned to be installed in the kitchen, it is recommended to choose high and narrow models. They have a large volume, but at the same time, they take up little space in width.