Small country houses. Garden houses. What house to build

Buying a summer cottage is just the beginning. It needs to be planned, to choose the best house, to develop a general concept for its design. In this article we will consider a variety of projects of country houses. From the smallest for one room, to very roomy - for 100 squares of usable area.

With veranda and terrace

When choosing the layout of a country house, they often try to find a project with a veranda or terrace. Such a covered area is good not only for relaxing or dining outdoors. On a rainy or hot day, under a canopy, you can do a lot of things that you can’t do because of the large amount of garbage in the premises.

On a common foundation

Projects of country houses with a veranda have a small area: the smallest are 6 * 4 meters in size, and the veranda is 2 meters on the long side, and the house itself is 4 * 4 meters or 16 square meters (taking into account the thickness of the walls even less).

Another option is one room, in which there is space for several kitchen cabinets and a stove, there is a small dining table and there is a bed. This layout is ideal for one person. Two people will feel good in it. There is no bathroom in this option, so you will have to separate it.

The layout of a country house of a small area (up to 40 meters) is quite simple: usually there are two rooms, the first of which is used as a kitchen and dining room at the same time. Most of the time it is a pass. The second room is living. More or less comfortably accommodate two beds here. So the projects of country houses with an attic of 6 * 4 meters are designed for 1-2 people.

If the construction budget is very limited, consider projects for country houses with a pitched roof. They are unusual for our country, but the cost of a roof with a small area is much less. You just need to choose the right one (taking into account the amount of snow cover).

A medium-sized country house is shown in the photo above. The project is interesting in that the veranda here was originally “winter”, glazed. Most owners of open verandas come to the need to glaze it, but for a pleasant pastime in the air. In this project, the veranda is a continuation of the living room, but a partition can be installed here. In general, a convenient and comfortable house with a traditional layout, all rooms are separate, there is a bathroom, a fenced-off corridor. All conditions for year-round living.

On a separate foundation

Please note that the above projects of country houses with a veranda have a common foundation. This is reliable, since even with spring heaving of the soil there will be no movement. But the cost of the foundation is significant. Therefore, such an approach is justified on complex soils prone to heaving. In normal soils, you can make a veranda on a separate, disconnected and lightweight (usually columnar or pile) foundation. One such project is presented below.

In general, a veranda can be attached to any building. It can be laid at the design stage, or it can be attached after (as happens very often).

Small country house 6 * 4.5 with a veranda on a separate foundation

The veranda can completely occupy one of the sides of the house, it can cover two or even three of its sides. But there are options with a small open area (as in the photo above). The foundation in this case may be separate, but there will not be much savings. For example, in the above project, only 1.1 meters of the “main foundation” were “won”.

We are so accustomed to comfort that even in the country we do not want to have "conveniences in the yard." For many, the main selection criterion is the availability of a bathroom. Even the need does not scare them. Not all projects of country houses of a small area can boast of such an "excess", but some have a bathroom (toilet and shower).

with attic

The idea to increase living space at the expense comes up often. It is believed that construction costs do not increase much, since most of the superstructure is a modified roof. In reality, if the attic is used all year round, the difference in the price tag for a two-story house and a one-story house with an attic will be small. After all, it must be taken into account that the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises of the attic floor is much smaller, and the costs will be high, since good heat, sound, vapor barrier is required.

Attics under a gable roof

A country house with a summer attic is really cheap. But at the same time, it must be taken into account that on sunny days without insulation it will be too hot there, so thermal insulation is still necessary, but not as “serious” as for winter operation.

The projects of country houses presented above are intended for seasonal visits. They provide only living rooms. In the room on the first floor, you can organize a kitchenette.

Below is the layout of a small garden or country house measuring 5 by 5 meters with a dedicated kitchen. Please note that the porch is attached and is not on the plan.

All these houses are designed as frame houses. With slight modifications, these projects will work for houses made of any other material. Only it will be necessary to take into account the thickness of the walls, choose the right foundation.

If desired, the covered veranda can be made open. However, the opposite usually happens. Having built an open one, it is glazed or driven out to half the wall, single frames are installed. If you want fresh air, you can always open the windows, and the area can be set aside for a summer dining room or kitchen.

How to increase the area of the attic floor

All projects of country houses with an attic floor are made under a gable roof. This is good in the sense that the snow will not linger on such steep slopes. The second plus is a simple truss system. Minus - a small area of \u200b\u200ba “full-fledged” room at the top. Too much wasted space around the edges. There you can make cabinets, but this area is unsuitable for housing.

If it is important for you to increase the living space, the roof can be made broken. It is more difficult to construct and more expensive, but the area of the premises on the attic floor is much larger.

Another way to increase the area is to drive the walls above the level of the first floor. They say to build "one and a half floors." This option is good for cottages that are visited during the cold season. The roof can be made as you like, but a large area of \u200b\u200brooms still turns out under a broken line.

An example of a one and a half floor

When choosing a project for a country house with an attic for periodic visits, it is better to make the attic cold, and make the ceiling insulated. On the stairs leading to the second floor, it is necessary to provide a door / cover that will enclose the upper tier. Otherwise, heating will take a lot of fuel and time. In winter, there are usually fewer people, visits are short-term. Warming up both floors is too long and expensive, so it's not a bad solution.

Projects of two-story country houses

Building a two-story house is not such an expensive undertaking. The foundation is still needed one, albeit more powerful, but its cost does not increase twice, but by 60%. The dimensions and insulation of the roof do not depend on the number of storeys at all, so there is no need to increase investments here. Wall costs are added - their area is twice as large, but in general, the cost per square meter of area is cheaper than when building a similar one-story dwelling. Because many are looking for projects of two-story cottages.

The project of a small two-story house for a summer residence with an attached garage: living area 100 sq. m, total 127 sq. m, garage for one car

The above project is designed for aerated concrete or ceramic building blocks. Suitable for elongated areas. The attached garage is very convenient to use - you can get into the house from the garage. Another plus: this option saves space on the site, and it is always small in the country, no matter how large the plot you have.

In this layout option, a spacious terrace is supposed to be on the back of the house. It is not included in the total area of the house. An interesting design makes the house different from others: a large one-and-a-half-story window, a cubic-shaped garage and a shed in front of the house do not affect the price tag too much, but make the house unique.

Another two-storey cottage project with a garage attached to the side is presented above. This option is more suitable for square or wide areas. Building spot in plan - 10 * 10 meters, living area - 108 square meters. The high windows on the second floor give this house an unusual look. The selection of finishing materials, a combination of light beige and brown colors, also contributes. All in all, an interesting project.

A non-standard type of two-story house with a balcony that encircles the entire building. On the back side there is a large open terrace. The roof is hipped, which complicates the construction, but gives the building a special flavor.

With a bath

For many, the dacha is associated with a bath. The bath, of course, can be built separately, but it is long and expensive. In a country house of medium size, it is quite possible to take the room under the steam room. It is usually done with an entrance from the bathroom / bathroom, since water procedures are necessary. For true bathers, there should still be an exit to the street nearby: so that you can quickly cool off in a river or an outdoor pool.

The minimum dimensions of the steam room are 2 * 2 meters, the optimal ones are 3 * 3. Such premises can be entered even in houses of a small area, but the amount of living space will decrease. If there should still be enough rooms, you can consider the option with an attic floor. One such example is pictured below.

Pay attention to the layout. The first thing to focus on is that the stove is installed in such a way that it is heated from the next room. In this case, it's the rest room. The option is not too good, since the entrance is far away. You will have to carry firewood across the room, which is inconvenient and usually fraught with a lot of garbage.

Another drawback: in the above version there is no kitchen. For country life, this is a solid drawback. A kitchen corner can be arranged in a large room, placed exclusively upstairs in the bedrooms. Another planning option is to make a kitchen in the current “furnace / rest room”. Resting is more convenient in a large room. After taking a shower, it is convenient to go there.

Small and inexpensive

Small dachas are usually designed for the most inexpensive construction technologies. In our country, this is frame technology and wooden houses. Approximately in the same category, houses made of porous building blocks (,). But they are still not that popular.

Projects of country houses for frame technology

Small country houses are usually built using frame technology. , you can buy ready - prefabricated. These are two technologies that, with minimal cost and time, allow you to have a good country house.

To optimize the budget for building a country house, look for projects whose foundation on the plan is a rectangle or square. The presence of any protrusions leads to an increase in the cost per square meter. Not only do the costs of the foundation increase, the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls increases, and, therefore, the cost of them. The roof is also more expensive - the truss system is more complicated, there are more complex nodes.

Layout of a country house 6 * 4 with a kitchen, a toilet, a summer veranda

Another point for those who plan to visit the cottage in the winter. So that when walking back and forth, warm air does not “run away” from the house, it is advisable to make an entrance with a vestibule. If the area does not allow it to be built-in, make an extension. This will greatly reduce fuel consumption and time to warm up the house.

Beam and log

One of the most common building materials in our camp: timber and logs. The advantage is that a small country house is being built very quickly. Minus - with prolonged shrinkage (from six months to a year, depending on the initial moisture content of the log and climatic conditions). Until the end of the period of active shrinkage, finishing work is not worth it, which delays the possibility of operating the building. This does not apply to standing log cabins (ready-made kits) or glued beams. But the price is solid (two times) for such options is higher.

A small country house made of 4 * 4 timber is a very simple project

If we talk about the smallest country houses, then they are 4 by 4 meters in size. Doing less just doesn't make sense. The layout in this case is quite simple: it is just one room. They can differ only in the orientation to the cardinal points, the number and location of windows. More doors can be located in the middle or on the side. All. Options are over.

A little more in area will be a house of 6 * 4 meters. Here, in a "pure" form, we have about 22 squares of area, place 14-15 in the previous version. The layout still does not differ in variety, but it is already possible to fence off the kitchen area.

If we talk about optimal costs, then the above projects of country houses are not the best option. The fact is that timber or log cottages are best done 6 * 6 in plan. The fact is that the standard length of both timber and logs is 6 meters. If the walls of your house are smaller, you need to either look for a non-standard of a suitable length, or saw off the excess from the standard ones. Yes, non-standard costs much less, but you will have to look for it at different sawmills. Even at the largest sawmill, it is more than difficult to find timber or logs 4-5 meters long in sufficient quantities for construction. So you have to "iron" all nearby. It is difficult to say what the quality of the material will be in this case. Although, if it doesn’t “burn” with you, you can buy the same non-standard logs for several years, put them in piles, bringing them to operational humidity. All in all, this is a good plan. It just takes a lot of time to implement.

As soon as winter begins to fade on the street, every day it becomes warmer, and summer residents increasingly begin to gather in their suburban areas. But it’s true, what could be better than outdoor recreation, and if also in the company of relatives, friends, relatives ... Only the extension of this wonderful time so that it lasts as long as possible!

To get started, decide before talking about how to decorate a country house and choose a house project with how often you plan to use it, how many people it should be designed for, whether you plan to visit the site in the summer, or will you come even in the cold season of the year? Depending on this and many other factors, what will be your housing in the country, as well as what will be the design of the country house.

Project for a country house

This direction is quite developed in our time. It is important to take into account the features of the entire landscape area. Projects are conditionally standard or individual. Turning to a specialized company to develop a standard project, it will probably already be ready and translated into reality. So, you will see live what this or that house looks like. As a rule, the price for such a project is more profitable and affordable.

Well, if you do not want a typical construction, and you prefer originality, then you should order an individual version of the project. But it should be noted that it will cost more, and it will take longer to make it, of course. But in this case, you will certainly get the most beautiful country house.

What material is the house made of?

There are many options to consider for this. Let's discuss the main ones:

Wood.
Brick.
A rock.
Foam block.
Frame products.

Foam block house

A very common material for the construction of residential buildings. They are durable, quite comfortable, economical and energy-saving. The surface of the foam block is easy to process.

The advantages of foam block products are:

In a comfortable microclimate, in any season.
In a high level of fire resistance and fire safety.
In excellent soundproofing properties.
At an acceptable cost.
In the durability of structures.
In a not too heavy load on the foundation under the house.

Their disadvantages include:

The need to build a foundation.
More time is spent on construction compared to the construction of frame-type dwellings.

Facing such houses can be done using decorative panels.

Country house built of brick or stone

This housing option will save you even in the cold season, and the building will last for quite a long time. And how magnificent they are, you can see in the photo of beautiful country houses! You may be interested in ready-made solutions from our photo selection.

Advantages of brick houses, as well as from stone:

Durable, reliable and durable.
Resistant to temperature extremes and high humidity.
Provide excellent sound insulation and thermal insulation.

Disadvantages in such housing:

Materials are expensive.
Building even a small house takes a lot of time.
The foundation can be laid only of a monolithic type, for which you will need to hire special equipment and wait for some time.

For the cold time of the day, keep in mind that a chilled stone / brick house warms up during the day.

Photos of the best country houses made of wood

Initially, it was the tree that most people lost preference for. In addition, this material will definitely never lose its relevance. After all, it is natural, respectively - environmentally friendly. Today, most of these buildings are beautiful small country houses made of wood, a photo selection of which you can see on our website.

Their advantages:

Not too high material prices.
Construction will not last very long.
The foundation can be built of a pile-screw type, and on any soil.
The tree provides peace and tranquility inside the home.
Excellent thermal insulation properties.
In winter, it can be heated very quickly to keep warm.
It is possible to translate into reality the construction of a house of any size and shape.
The material is eco-friendly for everyone.
The tree has the function of self-adjusting the level of humidity.

Material disadvantages:

High degree of fire hazard.
Possible fungus and rot.

A wooden house is a great option for relaxing at any time of the year, especially if you come to your summer cottage for just a couple of days.

Frame private houses

A lot of people like to get a house in just a few days. After all, for this you just need to choose the building project you like, and then sign the contract. The "constructor" of your house is delivered to your site by the contractor in a semi-assembled form. The final stages of assembly are carried out as quickly as possible.

They weigh quite a bit. This means that you can use a pile type of foundation. These types of houses are very attractive and not expensive.

The disadvantage of this structure is that you can use the house only in the warm season. And no options for heaters or heating systems will absolutely help to cope with frost and keep warm. In addition, you will not feel very good in them in the sultry heat, since the house is very hot in the sun and it is simply unbearable to be inside. In this case, you will definitely need to install a ventilation system or air conditioning. Yes, such options for houses are inexpensive, but their operation will cost a lot!

Therefore, think carefully about what type of material it is worth stopping at so that the cottage in the country is practical, reliable and beautiful!

100 best photos of beautiful country houses

After acquiring a suburban area for a summer residence, the question of how to build a country house with your own hands becomes relevant. Well, to build it yourself is quite possible, unless, of course, a huge “palace” is conceived, requiring the involvement of construction equipment and a team of professionals.

Usually compact buildings are chosen for summer cottages, but, nevertheless, the house must have everything necessary for rest - rooms, kitchen, veranda. The latter will become a favorite place for an evening pastime all family. It is very important to make the country house cozy and comfortable, so you need to think through all the nuances of its arrangement.

The optimal material for summer cottage construction is wood, and the principle of construction is a frame structure.

Of course, the first thing that will need to be done is to decide on the place and size of the building, draw up a project, and plan further work.

Proe kt of a small country house

The size of the future home largely depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe summer cottage, the number of family members and the material capabilities of the owners. If you plan correctly, draw up a successful project and choose an inexpensive but high-quality material for construction, you can save space, money and time.

In any case, the first steps are drafting

Most often, a country house has a size of 5.0 × 6.0 or 4.0 × 6.0 m. Buildings of a larger area are erected much less frequently, and, mainly, in those cases when they are planned to be operated year-round. But this is more likely to be not a country house, but a full-fledged country house.

The layout of the location of the house may have to be carried out on the basis of requirements that may be established by the board of the gardening partnership, therefore, when purchasing, you need to find out about such nuances in advance. Most often, the following distances are required:

The house should be installed at a distance of 3 meters from the border of the neighboring site, and from the fence separating the site from the general passage (street) - at 5 meters.
In order to ensure fire safety, a stone house is placed at a distance of at least six meters from another stone structure, and ten meters from a wooden one. If the house is wooden, then it should be installed at a distance of no closer than 15 meters from another wooden structure.
So that the house does not cover neighboring buildings from sunlight, if it is placed on the eastern, southern or western side of the site, it is located at a distance from another residential building, at least equal to its height.

Usually, the highest is chosen for the installation of a country house. place in the area where water will not collect when snow melts or from heavy rains. High humidity under the house will never benefit any building material, but it will always negatively affect the overall strength and durability of the structure.

Most often, the following technologies for its construction are chosen for the construction of country houses: frame-panel construction, log cabins, walls made of blocks or bricks.

For summer cottages, projects of one-story houses with closed or open verandas or terraces are mainly chosen. Often the building has an attic used to store garden tools and other things that seem unnecessary in everyday life, but which can always come in handy in the country. However, it also happens that in some projects there are no attic floor beams at all, and then the roof slopes also play the role of a ceiling.

If the family is large, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot is not as large as we would like, then you can plan a two-story house that takes up very little space at the base. In this case, the first floor can be given over to the living room, terrace and kitchen, and on the second floor - to arrange cozy sleeping places for the whole family.

Not necessarily in a country house, to build a full-fledged second floor, since an attic superstructure can perfectly fulfill its role. Having finished it with natural materials, you can create a wonderful healthy country atmosphere there.

Country houses are mainly used in the warm season, starting with the arrival of spring and ending in autumn. Therefore, they do not require enhanced insulation of walls and roofs, but devices for space heating should still be provided - in case of cold nights or a drop in temperature during unstable weather. Usually, electrical appliances are used as heaters, for example, convectors or infrared film emitters, but sometimes owners even prefer to install fireplaces or cast-iron heating and cooking stoves.

By the way, if the construction of a real fireplace or a brick oven is planned, then they must be included in the draft project.

There are also ready-made options for country houses, which are sold as a set in disassembled form, which you just need to deliver to the site and assemble. Any such set of parts must be accompanied by detailed instructions that set out the procedure for carrying out work, the main technological methods and the connection diagrams of individual elements and assemblies.

For land owner, who has basic construction skills, it will not be difficult to assemble such a country house on your own. The main advantage of this option can be called the fact that often the kit already includes everything necessary for the electrical network of the building, for its ventilation system, and even for the installation of water supply.

Video: a small, neat country house that lives up to its name

What type of house to choose?

Having decided on a rough plan for the future house, you need to choose the material for its construction. Not only the type of the building itself will depend on this choice, but also the comfort of staying in it, as well as the costs of its construction.

The traditional material for a country house is wood, which will create a favorable microclimate in it, filling it with the smells of the forest. A wooden house can be built in a frame way, from timber or logs. The disadvantage of wooden buildings is the high fire hazard of the material.

However, wooden houses have always been built, and many of them have stood for centuries. Today, special fire-retardant impregnations are on sale, which significantly reduce the risk of fire in wooden buildings. And in general - the most important thing here is not the material, but the human factor - it is the neglect of the elementary requirements of fire safety by people in the vast majority of cases that causes a fire.

The construction of a brick structure will cost much more, but it can with great reason be called a full-fledged house, which can be used not only in the summer, but also, if necessary, in the winter, if you install a stove in it. Brick buildings are much less prone to fire and, with high-quality masonry, will last a very long time. Their disadvantages include a more complex and lengthy construction process, requiring special skills, and a high price for materials.

Very often, when building a country house, different materials are used. For example, a house is built of wood, but on a foundation of concrete, brick or blocks.

This option can be called optimal, since the foundation of moisture-resistant materials will create optimal conditions for the construction of wood walls, thus becoming a reliable foundation for the house.

It is this last option that is worth considering, since it is the most popular of all types of country houses.

Stages of building a country house

Materials for building a country house

If you don’t want to mess around with calculations, then it’s better to purchase a prefabricated model of a house that has a certain area, for which you only need to prepare a place.

In all other cases, you will need to purchase building materials. Their type, size, volume, total number - all depending on the size of the planned building, which is determined by the project.

Prices for various types of timber

foundation material

For any type of foundation you will need the following materials:

- sand, gravel, cement;

- third-rate board and timber for formwork;

- brick or concrete blocks;

- waterproofing material (roofing material);

- expanded clay of the middle fraction.

Wall and roof material

Since wood was chosen for the construction of walls, then, based on this, other materials will be selected:

- bars and boards of different sizes, depending on the design parameters;

- fasteners - nails, screws, bolts, studs;

- corners of different configurations, metal plates - for fastening knots;

- vapor barrier film;

- insulation - mineral wool, ecowool or expanded clay;

- to cover the roof, it is better to choose a light material - ondulin or corrugated board.

After the installation site of the future house is determined, the materials are purchased, you can proceed to the arrangement of the foundation. True, to begin with, you still have to decide on its type.

The foundation of a country house

Even when building such a small and light building as a wooden country house, you can’t do without a foundation. In the case under consideration, one of two types is ideally suited for this purpose - this is a columnar and strip foundation. Which one to choose depends on the preferences of the builder.

The columnar foundation will be a less expensive option, as it will allow you to seriously save on building materials. In addition, such a foundation can be completed independently, without outside help, which will also save some money.

How to build correctly, you can find out with all the details by following this link to the corresponding page of our portal.

To create a strip foundation, you will need not only more materials, but also a fairly long time. This is not surprising - a trench will need to be dug around the entire perimeter of the future house, waterproof it, install the reinforcing structure, build the formwork and fill the pit with concrete. And after that, whether you like it or not, it will also take a month until the filled tape completely solidifies and it gains brand strength.

However, the strip foundation is still very popular among individual developers. This option is convenient in that it allows you to make a basement under the house, however, for this, the foundation walls will have to be raised above the soil surface by 700 ÷ 800 mm. described in detail in the article, which can be found on our portal by clicking on the link provided.

If a columnar foundation is chosen, then it is recommended to remove the top layer of soil by 150 ÷ 200 mm from the site, which will be located under the house and around it by 500 ÷ 600 mm. Then fill in the resulting pit with a layer of sand of 30 ÷ 40 mm, which should be compacted. A layer is laid on top of the sand cushion medium fraction crushed stone and is also compacted, and the remaining space must be covered with expanded clay of the middle fraction. All these procedures are done so that small rodents cannot get close to the house. They do not tolerate expanded clay (especially small ones), as it contains a large amount of dust and has a loose surface.

Expanded clay of fine fraction - an excellent remedy for rodents

To protect the house from the penetration of large rodents or other uninvited guests from the animal world, it is advisable to close the space under the house with a metal mesh with cells no larger than 10 mm.

Construction of a frame structure

For a country house, the best choice is a frame structure

The frame house can be placed both on a columnar and on a strip foundation. Construction always starts from the foundation, which must be securely waterproofed two or three layers of laid roofing material.

If the project provides for a veranda, you must immediately separate its zone, over which a roof will be erected, but there will be no solid walls. To support the roof over the veranda, you can use the racks of the general frame of the walls. Another option - veranda will be attached to the house separately.
Without exception, all wooden blanks must be treated with antiseptic compounds and fire retardants. These impregnations will increase the resistance of wood to fire, to decay, will prevent the appearance of nests of insects or colonies of representatives of microflora - mold or fungus.

After the blanks have been properly prepared and completely dry, during construction, the lower frame (crown) is first made, which will be laid on the foundation and will subsequently be used to mount the floor.

For the floor to be reliable, for the frame it is necessary to take high-quality bars of the desired section. If funds allow, it is better to choose wooden elements not according to the “lower limit” of sizes, but by laying a certain margin in their cross section.

The table shows the optimal dimensions of a timber for a frame house:

The support beams of the frame are mounted on coronal bars located along the perimeter of the foundation, at a distance of 600 ÷ 700 mm from each other. They are fixed with the help of corners or by tie-in. If the elements are large in cross section, they can additionally be fastened with metal brackets.

When the lower trim with support beams is ready, wall frames are made. They can be assembled separately, and then, in finished form, are lifted and fixed to the frame strapping bars.

Another option is to lift the frame directly in place. For example, if a house is being built on its own, without assistants, then it will be very difficult to lift the finished frame from the shade alone to the height of the strapping, set it evenly and temporarily, until it is finally fixed, fix it. And this means that each of the bars will have to be set separately.

The size of the bars for the racks of the wall frame should be at least 100 × 100 mm, but it can also be mounted from boards with a cross section of at least 50 × 150 mm.

The bars are fixed to the lower harness with the help of powerful corners that are able to keep them in a vertical position. It is best to use not nails, but a self-tapping screw for fastening - the difference in price is not so significant, but the quality and reliability of the assembly is incomparably higher.

When installing vertical racks, you must immediately mark the location of the openings for windows and doors. It is best to leave the area where they should be installed in the frame free, and install the part of the wall with the window opening separately.

Then, when the upper strapping bar is installed and fixed on all other vertical racks, the section with the window opening is fixed in the place left for it.

All four walls are assembled in the same way. At the corners, the side posts are fastened together with corners, or instead of two separate ones, one common corner post is mounted. It is recommended to support it with diagonal braces on both sides - they will stiffen the entire wall structure.

The doorway is equipped in the frame immediately. It is reinforced with an additional rack, since the hinged door has a certain weight, which must be calmly supported by both the reinforced opening and the entire wall frame.

If it is planned to sheathe the frame on the outside with clapboard, then the next step is to carry out this event. Sheathing will give the structure additional rigidity, which will allow you to continue the installation of the attic floor and

The installation of the floor can be carried out immediately after the outer wall cladding, but only if the roof is covered with a roof on the same day. It is highly undesirable for a freshly laid floor covering to get wet if it suddenly rains at night. Therefore, it is better to solve the issue with the roof first, and then calmly deal with all other construction activities inside the house.

Roof construction and roofing

Types of truss systems

A few words need to be said about the types of truss systems, since, moving on to the construction of the roof, you need to have a general idea about this, to know which design is better to choose.

Rafter systems are of two types - hanging and layered.

Hanging system

The hanging truss system is distinguished by the fact that it is arranged only on external load-bearing walls and does not have other supports. It is perfect for erecting over a small country house. In order to lighten the load on the wooden walls and on the foundation, the hanging rafters are fastened with a puff.

The hanging structure itself consists of a transverse beam, which also performs an overlapping function, and can simultaneously be a frame for filing the ceiling, as well as rafter legs that form the roof slopes.

Layered system

The layered system is installed if the house, in addition to external walls, has internal capital partitions that will become additional points of support. Such a scheme can also be used in the construction of the roof of a country house, if it has a large area and its rooms are separated by walls built on a foundation.

With this system, the load on the load-bearing side walls becomes weaker, so fewer retaining elements can be used. It is great for attic structures that will be used as living quarters.

floor beams

An important structural element - floor beams

The beams are laid exactly above the vertical posts of the wall frame. In order for them to fit snugly on the upper strapping belt, grooves are cut at their edges. The size of the grooves can be calculated based on the formula shown in the figure.

Beams are fixed to the frame structure of the walls with nails or self-tapping screws, and in addition they are sometimes fixed on both sides with metal corners.

Having completed the installation of the overlapping beams, you can proceed to building the roof truss system. For safety reasons, temporary boarding is laid on the floor beams to ensure the comfort of moving along the attic plane during the installation of rafters.

Installation of the truss system

The roof truss system can be mounted using a different sequence of fixing its elements:

First option. It is necessary to fasten the extreme pairs of rafter legs on the ground, then raise them to the harness and install them ready-made on the gable walls of the house. And then connect them with a ridge beam, and already mount the remaining pairs of rafters on it.
Second option. To begin with, install the middle racks along the gables, then fasten them with a ridge bar or board, on which the rafters are then attached.
Third option. In this case, pairs of rafter legs in their upper part are fastened together with a ridge pad, and their lower side is fixed on the wall trim, which in this embodiment will act as a Mauerlat.

The cross section of the beams or logs used for the rafter legs must be strictly maintained - depending on the rafter length between two fulcrum, and depending on the step between adjacent pairs of rafters

The maximum allowable length of the rafter leg (in mm)	Rafter spacing (in mm)
	1100		1400		1750		2100
	*Section of the rafter leg (in mm)*
	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø
up to 3000	80×100	100	80×100	130	90×100	150	90×160	160
up to 3600	80×130	130	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180
up to 4300	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180	100×200	200
up to 5000	80×180	180	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-
up to 5800	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-	-	-
up to 6500	100×200	200	120×220	240	-	-	-	-

It should be noted that the rafter attachment point in its lower part will depend on the angle at which they are fastened on the ridge and how long they are.

If the rafter is long enough and protrudes beyond the bearing walls, then a notch is cut out on it, with which it will be installed on the strapping beam (). An example of such a cut is shown in the picture:

If the rafter ends at the edge of the load-bearing wall, then its lower edge is cut off at a right angle with respect to the Mauerlat, and the leg itself can be fixed on it using a special mounting plate, a sliding support, a corner, a bracket, nails or long self-tapping screws.

If the house is very small, then after fixing the rafters on the strapping, tying them with a ridge beam or board, you most likely will not have to install additional retaining elements.

Detailed information about the exact one can be obtained from a special publication of our portal by clicking on the recommended link:

For the installation of additional, reinforcing elements of the truss system, the material can be selected in accordance with the recommendations indicated in the table:

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Fasteners for rafters

Roofing system

After the rafters and additional elements form the roof slopes, you can proceed to the installation of the subsystem for roofing.

The first thing that needs to be done from the outside of the roof, after installing the rafters, is to lay a vapor barrier film, securing it first with brackets, and then with counter-lattice strips on the rafters.

The film is laid perpendicular to the rafters, starting from the lower, eaves of the roof. The overlap between two adjacent strips must be at least 200 mm.

The main crate is mounted perpendicular to the counter-lattice, on which the roofing material will be attached. The installation step of the guides depends on the type and size of the roofing material sheets.

If, however, a soft roof is chosen to cover the roof, then instead of the laths of the lathing, the slopes are covered with a continuous one - with plywood, and then with waterproofing sheets of roofing material, which is overlapped by 150 ÷ 200 mm and glued together with bituminous mastic. Another option is to use soft bituminous decorative tiles, which are laid using a similar technology.

For wooden houses, the following roofing materials are most often used (depending on the steepness of the roof slope).

On the prepared base, the selected roofing material is laid and fixed. Work starts from the cornice, and if the first row is laid from right to left, then all other rows are mounted in the same way.

Some types of roofing materials have a strictly specified installation scheme in the direction, which cannot be changed. This must be indicated in the instructions attached to them.

Also, for any type of sheet roofing materials, the amount of overlap in the direction of the slope (usually 150 ÷ 200 mm), and the number of waves (relief protrusions) in the horizontal direction, along the roof, is determined.

Almost all roofing materials are fixed on the crate with the help of special nails or self-tapping screws with waterproofing gaskets.

It is very important to choose and fix the ridge elements of the roof correctly, otherwise it will leak at the first rain. Usually the ridge element is selected from the same material as the covering of the roof slopes.
Further, the cornice overhang of the roof is finished - this can be done with a wooden or plastic clapboard. Sometimes special plastic elements - soffits - are used for these purposes.

Then, elements of the roof drainage system are installed on the windboard - funnels, gutters on brackets, pipes, etc.

Further, the gable sides of the truss system are sheathed. Most often, wooden or plastic lining or even planed boards are used for this.

For lining along the perimeter of the gable triangle, a special profile is fixed, into which panels prepared and cut at the right angle will be installed. Installation is usually carried out symmetrically - from the middle rack to one and then the other side - then the skin will turn out to be even and neat.

By the way, to mount the lining, besides, you can horizontally, herringbone or come up with a more complex pattern.

Detailed information about the technology can be found in the article posted on our website by clicking on link.

Now, having finished the external roofing and being sure that the rain will no longer get inside the country house, you can proceed to the installation of windows and doors, insulation, flooring and wall cladding.

Installation of windows and doors

Window frames are mounted in the frame openings left for them, set according to the level. For preliminary fixation, when the frame is set, spacers made of wooden bars or slats are installed between it and the bars of the opening.

Then, after checking the correct installation, the frames are attached to the wall frame with metal strips. The remaining gaps between the frame and frame bars are filled with mounting foam. After it dries, the excess is cut off, and platbands are installed around the windows on the outside of the wall, which will close the unsightly appearance of the gaps and give accuracy to the general appearance of the house.

The installation of the door is best done together with the door frame, if it has sufficient rigidity. This will make it much easier to align the entire structure to the level in the doorway of the wall.

The door is best installed as a block - together with the frame and leaf

Exposing the door frame, if necessary, to achieve a clear vertical position, enclose wedges (inserts) from wooden slats. The door frame is fixed to the frame in the same way as window frames, using metal strips, and the gap is filled with mounting foam.

Having installed windows and doors in all, you can proceed to the installation of the floor.

Installation and floor insulation

To begin with, the temporary flooring from the boards (if there was one) is removed from the lower frame, and then you need to install the subfloor.

To do this, cranial bars are nailed or screwed onto the frame load-bearing beams. They are necessary for laying transverse subfloor boards on them.

Further, boards sawn exactly to size are laid on the cranial bars, or plywood 8 ÷ 10 mm thick - this flooring will serve as a subfloor.
From above, the laid subfloor is closed hydro- paro— insulating film, which should cover both the load-bearing beams and the entire floor plane. Individual sheets of material are overlapped (by 150 ÷ 200 mm) and glued at the joints with waterproof tape.

Further, insulating material is laid or poured on the vapor barrier film. If there is no desire to have as neighbors who like to settle under the floor, then it is better to use expanded clay of medium or fine fraction, or ecowool, to insulate the floor - these toothy pests simply do not live in such materials.

On top of the insulation, another layer of film membrane is laid, which is nailed to the supporting beams with brackets. The laying principle is exactly the same as on the subfloor.

With the floor - finished!

Then the whole structure is covered with thick plywood or wooden floorboards.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Measures for additional thermal insulation

When the floor is completely ready, the walls of the house are insulated and sheathed from the inside. If the building will be used only in the warm season, then the insulation will still not hurt - it will work as an insulator of the premises from heating in extreme heat. Therefore, it is recommended to lay a thermal insulation layer not only in the walls, but also in the ceiling, and if it is absent, place the insulation along the inner slopes of the roof.

First, vapor barrier material is fixed to all walls and ceiling beams. Then the ceiling is sheathed with clapboard, plywood or drywall.
After covering the ceiling, the walls are insulated. At the same time, insulation mats are laid between the racks of the frame. It is necessary to make sure that the mats stand as tightly as possible with an emphasis on the bars of the wall frame, so that there are no gaps left.

That is why mineral wool is most often used as a heater - after dense laying between the racks, it will straighten out, completely filling the entire space. The material is usually selected so that the thickness of the mats and the thickness of the frame posts are the same.

After that, all walls are again tightened with a vapor barrier film.

The next step is wall cladding with wooden clapboard, or plywood. The latter, with subsequent decorative wall decoration, can be painted with water-based paint or covered with wallpaper.

Further, the attic floor is insulated, where the insulation is placed between the floor beams.

If the ceiling is sheathed from the side of the house with drywall or clapboard, then we must not forget that it is impossible to step on it, since the sheathing will not support the weight of a person. It is necessary to move carefully along the floor beams.

In the event that the attic is planned to be used for storing various garden accessories, then on top of the insulation on the floor beams, it is necessary to fix the flooring from boards or plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm.
The finishing touches of the interior decoration will be the installation of platbands on windows and doors, ceiling and floor plinths and closing the corners with fittings.

Extensions to the house

The last stages of arranging a country house are installation work on the veranda and on the porch.

If space is left in advance for the veranda on the frame lying on the foundation, then a board is laid on this space to cover the floor (material for open areas is used), a fence is installed and a canopy is mounted.

If the foundation is raised high enough above the ground, then a porch is also attached to it.

Building a country house with your own hands is a doable task, but it will be quite difficult to manage without helpers. Therefore, it is best to seek help from a knowledgeable craftsman who has experience in such work, will always give useful advice and show how certain nodes are correctly mounted in the house structure. You can "mobilize" relatives and friends - it is possible that a knowledgeable person will be among them.

Video: construction of a country house using frame technology

The project of your future country house is dictated by its purpose. You should understand your task well and implement it on the construction site.

If you expect to spend weekends and holidays in the country, then you should ensure comfort. Pay special attention to the place for guests.

In a wooden country house, it is customary to gather large companies. In such a place, your relatives, work colleagues or just friends should be comfortable. For children, there should be a separate spacious and safe place with the possibility of entertainment. The specialist is advised in such cases to think about a spacious cozy attic. Accordingly, it is desirable to consider a safe spiral staircase with an acceptable step height. At the same time, the staircase structure should not take up too much space in the house. Combining compactness, comfort and safety is not so easy, for this you need a good project for your future wooden house.

Any leisure provides for some inventory and equipment. It should be stored in the right place under the right conditions. Therefore, the house should have a specially designated place for this, such as a garage or a garage. Pantry. Basement with shelving. In such corners, as a rule, tools, fuel, engine oils and cleaners are stored. For holidays and weekends, you will need a brazier, light portable picnic furniture and much more. All this should be stored in specially provided places. Basement to allow all sorts of inventory and equipment given from exposure to sunlight and temperature changes. Discuss with the experts the location of the windows in the house, you may want to get a balcony.

In a country house it is convenient to spend the whole vacation on your own or with your family. You will have to accommodate guests for a long time, several weeks and even more. In this case, one bathroom is simply not enough. You should also think about the guest room and bedrooms. They should be placed near or far apart, depending on the preferences of the future owners. In the kitchen, you have to fit the guests, and cook in comfort. It is no secret that most people willingly spend time in this part on weekends or on vacation. Provide a bar, and a cozy atmosphere for a meal. The kitchen is also for eating, and not just for cooking.

Vacation home, remote from the city and in general any civilization will have to worry about food supplies and other products for a long time. In snowy weather in winter, you should not count on frequent trips to the city along a swept road.

Photos of country houses - we take into account the features

If you are going somewhere out of town surrounded by your family to meet your old age, you will have to put up a comfortable wooden house. Design your kitchen as compact and comfortable as possible. Place the bedroom and bathroom on the first floor. So the owners in their old age will not have to run around the floors too often. Cooking also does not require too much effort.

The main guests in this situation will be your beloved grandchildren. For them, provide everything you need, such as a playground, etc. At the same time, your house must still be safe, pay special attention to the stairs. It should not be too steep and massive. Steps should be small. Try to combine practicality and visual appeal of the interior for you and your guests in the layout. Consider your preferences regarding the situation. Decide what furniture will be installed in your house. Perhaps in the living room you want to install a large fireplace for gatherings in the company of true friends. Many even in a country house rely on such benefits of civilization as the Internet and television. All these points will also have to be discussed in advance.

The house should be adjusted to your usual lifestyle. Trust the project of a country house only to experienced professionals. They will be able to take into account all your wishes and implement them at the construction site. Many owners of wooden houses at the construction stage are concerned about one question. In what matters to trust the builders, and in what matters to make a decision yourself? In some matters, it is really worth relying on one's own strength when preparing a project.

But in each question, ask for advice from qualified specialists. You point out your requirements, they tell you how to actually do it. This is the only way to get the desired result.

Country houses differ from a full-fledged country house, because here people live only from time to time, on vacation. Most often it is about summer time. This greatly simplifies the design: the house can be lighter without a serious heating system. However, this does not mean that construction can be taken less seriously. It is very important to choose the right contractor. The company IC "Ivales" is engaged in the construction of country houses in Moscow and the region and offers the most favorable conditions for its customers.

Country houses from a bar

Perhaps the most popular materials for building houses in summer cottages are different types of wooden beams:

normal;
glued;
profiled.

Wood is a natural, environmentally friendly and very practical material. A wooden house is a unique atmosphere, pleasant aroma, healthy and clean air. They are easy to heat, which is very important for giving, because most of the time it is empty.

Different types differ in production technology and some features. So, the usual one is made from a single log: everything superfluous is cut off, only a square beam is left. To create a glued beam, thin wooden lamellas are taken, glued and sent under a press. Since lamellas can be made from waste products from other industries, this material is cheaper than other types of timber, and in terms of its qualities it is practically not inferior to them.

The profiled beam differs from the usual one by the presence of grooves. Thanks to them, the bars are nested into each other, like parts of a designer. This ensures a tighter fit of the parts to each other. Thanks to this, heat is better kept in the room and the risk of mold and mildew is reduced.

Timber houses are relatively light, so even a columnar foundation will suffice. At the same time, they are built quite quickly and simply, in just a couple of months.

Frame country houses

This is an even faster option: the manufacturer pre-produces the frame of the house and special wooden panels, from which the finished house is then assembled in the shortest possible time. This is almost an ideal technology for the construction of country houses. The list of advantages of such buildings is quite long:

environmentally friendly, natural material;
attractive appearance both inside and outside;
warmth and comfort;
inexpensive construction;
the minimum amount of equipment required for construction;
reliability and durability.

That is why frame houses are so popular with customers.

Benefits of IC Ivales

Ordering a country house in our company is a reasonable and practical decision. IC "Ivales" guarantees affordable prices, high speed of work, reliability and decent quality.

We offer a huge number of ready-made projects of country houses of any size. This allows you to choose the option for any needs and budget. If none of the proposed projects fit, you can develop an individual plan for the needs of a particular buyer.

Own plant for the production of building materials allows you to reduce the price of construction, and also simplifies quality control. It is located in the Kirov region, where high-quality timber is actively harvested. For production, the latest domestic and Finnish equipment is used, which employs highly qualified specialists.

The work process consists of several main stages:

assessment of the site and clarification of the requests of a potential client;
selection or development of a project that meets the wishes of the client and working conditions;
making a house in a factory;
assembly of the house directly on the site of the customer.

Highly qualified specialists, the latest equipment and excellent technical equipment allow us to perform all work efficiently and in the shortest possible time. In addition, we offer the best prices. Various promotions and discounts are regularly held.

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