Types of roofing materials for different types of roofs. Tiles: types, types, descriptions, photos, reviews

The tile, the types of which will be listed below, is lightweight and easy to install. It attracts consumers with a variety of colors and textures, affordable cost, and a long service life. In order to decide which type of tile to use for roofing, it is necessary to consider this material depending on the material of manufacture, polymer coating and profile geometry.

Description of steel tile

If you are interested in tiles, the types of this material should definitely be considered by you. One of them is steel tiles, for the production of which the sheet thickness varies from 0.45 to 0.55 mm. In rare cases, this figure reaches a figure of 0.6 mm. During the manufacturing process, iron is coated with zinc, which protects it from corrosion. At the top there are a few words that include polymers. Steel, on which aluzinc or zinc is applied, can also be used. The first coating is more durable, but the price of such a metal tile is much higher.

Description of aluminum tiles

If tiles will be used during your conduct, you should consider the types of this material even before the date of purchase. It can also be used as a base. This metal is distinguished by the fact that it does not need to be protected from corrosion, since they are not at all terrible for the canvas. Such tiles still have an additional coating, it is designed to increase not only the strength characteristics, but also the life of the roof itself. Among other things, this material is lightweight, but the color palette is rather poor. At a cost, aluminum is much more expensive than iron-based roofing.

Roof tiles based on copper sheet

Soft tiles, the types of which you can consider and purchase, contain bitumen. But copper-based tiles are quite often used today by professional developers and private craftsmen. It is presented for sale in a wide range. One of the varieties is a material that is made of a copper sheet. In appearance, the canvas looks elegant and noble, which becomes especially noticeable over time, when a patina forms on the surface. After reading the article, you can find out what types of tiles exist. Roofs appearance after the work on their installation will change dramatically. Ancient houses and architectural monuments, which are covered with copper metal tiles, look very attractive. Patina is the best protection against adverse external factors, which is why there is no need for additional protection. Due to the high cost, such a metal tile is used quite rarely.

Varieties of tiles depending on the depth of the insole and profile geometry

Considering the types of tiles in the store, you probably paid attention to the Joker, Cascade, Monterrey, and Banga. But you can also choose new profiles that have interesting designs and excellent quality. Among them are Shanghai, Modern and Andalusia.

Monterrey profile

Types of ceramic tiles are also in demand today. However, it is important to pay attention also to the profile. Monterrey, for example, is a roofing that came to the Russian market from Finland, it looks like clay tiles and is very common today, since the material is easy to install, aesthetically pleasing, and also has excellent protection against external disasters. The profile of this type of tile is rounded, which allows it to be immediately recognized by its appearance. The edge of the roofing is designed in the form of steps, which are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically.

Reviews about tiles with Cascade profile

The types of which are presented in the article may have a "cascade" profile. This material attracts consumers with economy, as well as the severity of outlines. That is why with the help of this coating it is easy to cope with the arrangement of a roof of complex shape. According to users, the roof is proportional, strict and as accurate as possible. This style is still classic to this day, which is why it does not go out of fashion, remaining relevant.

Reviews about the profiles "Joker" and "Banga"

The difference between the first profile is the plantar and ridge parts, which have a classic shape. The illusion of ceramic tiles is created by waves that are correct in shape. As users emphasize, if you appreciate classics and traditions, you should like just such a profile. The store today presents types of tiles with a "banga" profile. This type of roofing began to be produced quite recently. Its peculiarity is pretentiousness of forms and original appearance. By increasing the wave height and profile structure, you can observe the effect of a three-dimensional image, which attracts the modern consumer. The width of the canvases is small, which does not detract from the merits of the material. According to users, it is very convenient to use it for peaked roofs, on which the tiles look very impressive.

High-quality roofing must meet the conditions of reliability, hydro-, sound insulation and at the same time look beautiful. A tiled roof meets all the conditions, since manufacturers offer a sufficient number of types of tiles made from a wide variety of materials. Consider what a roof tile is, what features this or that tiled roof will have, the advantages and disadvantages of each individual product.

One of the most popular types of roofing, supplied in the form of profiled sheets and tiles. The appearance is similar to the natural product, while the manufacture uses galvanized steel, treated and supplemented with protective films to extend the flawless life. It can be acrylic paint, primers, decorative protective additives and other materials. The shape of the metal tile is also diverse: scales, folds, waves - what kind of tile roof will be, the developer himself decides. Material advantages:

Large assortment of shapes, colors;
Ease of installation, enough crates of wooden elements;
Convenience of laying out elements;
Long service life, but only if the exact installation technology is observed.

Disadvantages:

It is strictly forbidden to contact metal sheets with bitumen, this will reduce the quality of the material;
Low sound insulation, an additional layer of materials will be required to reduce background noise from rain and other factors;
Snow deposits do not always quickly and simply go off the roof.

The service life is 40-50 years, the cost of the material is quite affordable, so we can assume that metal roof tiles are an effective and functional coating.

Ceramic tiles

Roofing classics, the service life of which is limited by centuries. In addition, the material has the following advantages:

Lack of sensitivity to any temperature changes, climatic factors;
Non-susceptibility to biological influences, environments;
Opposition to sunlight, infrared rays;
Reduced thermal conductivity, high sound insulation, no accumulation of static voltage.

Ceramic natural tiles slowly heat up and cool down just as slowly, so warm air is circulated in the under-roof space and condensation is not collected, which protects the rafter system and other wooden structures from moisture accumulation and damage.

Fact! When arranging residential attic space, experts strongly recommend choosing ceramic tiles. The strong heating of the sun will be stopped by ceramics in summer, and in winter, on the contrary, ceramic tile roofs “collect” heat, giving it to the attic room.

The expensive price of the material and the need for professional installation are the only drawbacks of the product. The material will be of interest to owners who want to get a reliable and high-quality roof that does not require repairs for almost 80 years! Over the years, the elements do not fade, acquiring a noble shade, and the initial large costs pay off with the low cost of maintaining the roof.

Only low-melting grades of clay, passing through the stages of molding, drying, coating, and firing, enter the production process. The elements of ceramic tiles for the roof can then be glazed, which gives a gloss and strengthens the protection.

Advice! Sound will help to distinguish a natural product from a fake: if you knock on a die, it makes a ringing sound without rattling. The surface is smooth, without notches, the tone is uniform, without raggedness to the edges.

This type of product is suitable for roofs of any shape and complexity with a slope of 12 °. Despite the heavy weight, the roofing is considered the best: in this case, the mass is an advantage, the layout will withstand both heavy winds and hail, rain and other climatic aggressions without the slightest negative manifestations.

bituminous tiles

Affordable, practical and high-quality material, which has a number of undeniable advantages:

A continuous layer of waterproofing formed under the influence of heat;
The lowest noise threshold - bituminous elements ideally conceal noise;
Ease of installation and minimum effort when applying tiles to the roof;
Non-susceptibility to corrosion, rotting, cracks, leaks;
Wide range of colors, resistance to fading;
Long service life (at least 60 years).

Bituminous products are presented as a flexible tile photo of which you see and soft tiles.

A soft tiled roof is a type of roofing made of small-format flat elements with a figured cutout along one edge. As a rule, one sheet imitates a strip similar to 3-4 tiles. Thanks to a huge number of shapes and shades, the developer can choose any aesthetic reproduction of the roof, and the unique flexibility of the material helps to cover roofs of both simple and complex shapes.

A shingle roof is a kind of multi-layered “pie”. Most often, the application of a modified bituminous coating is carried out on reinforced fiberglass. At the same time, the front side is supplemented with a protective decorative layer that protects the bituminous binder from exposure to sunlight. Sometimes the elements are equipped with an adhesive strip, which facilitates installation.

According to roofers, the material is suitable for cladding roofs of any design with a slope of at least 10 °, the maximum slope is not limited, but with slopes of 10-18 ° it is necessary to equip the lining layer. The disadvantages of roofs with flexible tiles are factors:

The need to create a continuous crate, which will increase the total weight load;
The obligatory creation of a waterproofing layer, because the tiled elements do not allow moisture, steam to pass through;
Some difficulty in mounting flexible elements.

Advice! The specifics of installation requires work to be performed in the warm season. If it is impossible to fulfill the condition, the material should be kept in a heated room for at least a day.

Cement-sand tiles

This type of roof tile is named after the manufacturing components: cement and sand, which go through the process of mixing, shaping and painting finished elements. Differing in an affordable price, the material is not inferior to analogues in its positive qualities:

Environmental friendliness and natural purity;
Breaking strength;
Possibility to cover roofs of any shape;
Non-susceptibility to atmospheric and climatic influences;
High sound insulation;
Resistance to biological influences.

The material also has enough minuses:

Fragility, which requires careful handling during transportation, installation;
Massiveness, which means that an accurate calculation of the load of all load-bearing elements is needed.

This type of material is best suited for climatic zones with a low level of precipitation. To improve the practical characteristics of the roof, before installing the tiles, a layer of waterproofing is needed, and on top of the elements it requires protective coatings of paint, emulsion - the procedure will extend the life of the roofing carpet.

Advice! Cement-sand tile is a material that, at its inexpensive cost, serves for a long time and flawlessly. The main thing is to comply with all installation requirements and find a good protective coating for the surface of the tiles, while the service life of the roof without repair increases to 20-25 years.

Polymer sand tiles

A fairly new type of roofing has already established itself as a practical and durable material. Made from a mixture of sand, dyes and polymer fillers, the product has a lot of positive qualities:

High mechanical strength;
Resistance to aggressive, climatic environments;
The tiles do not burn out under the sun's rays, on the contrary, under the rays the elements are sintered into one stable mass, which is practically indestructible when cooled;
High bio-, chemical, frost resistance (more than 500 cycles);
Wide range of color shades.

Such a roof is not covered with plaque even after 5-7 years, and strength and practicality allow for a long time to do without renovation and repair roofing. Reducing the cost of the roof is a clear plus of the product, as is the ease of installation. Sufficiently light weight, small geometric dimensions and high impact resistance of the tiles facilitate installation and allow even a novice master to perform work on the roof.

There are practically no drawbacks to polymer-sand tiles for the house, except for some fragility (70% sand), the need to equip a waterproofing layer.

Types of flat strip tiles

When choosing a flat strip tile, you should be aware that there are several types of this material. The most common is the "beaver tail" - the layout is carried out in one row on the solution. Laying out in two rows significantly increases material consumption.

There are elements such as "baking" or Dutch, laid out with scales, fastening is carried out with nails or clamps to the bars of the crate.

Grooved types of tiles are distinguished by the presence of a longitudinal type of closure-groove, which facilitates the fastening of elements. Tiles are used for arranging a roofing carpet on simple roofs of a single, double-pitched type. Fastening is carried out in a single layer, starting from the gable structures along the eaves to the ridge element, the rows are arranged in parallel.

Stamped slotted tiles have two more cross-cuts, that is, along the entire perimeter, the elements are fastened with closed folds, which prevents moisture from getting under the coating and ensures a long service life of the roof structure. The device of tiled roofs made of stamped material is single-layer, the direction from the cornice to the ridge with an overlap on the length or width of the fold.

When performing roofing work, in recent years, more and more often resort to the use of such material as tiles, because in addition to aesthetic appeal, this material has excellent consumer properties and can be used on structures for various purposes.

Well, to simplify the choice of the specified roofing material, it is advisable to consider the types of tiles that are most often used in the construction business.

A bit of theory

The optimum roof pitch for shingles is between 22% and 60%. If the slope of the roof is less than the specified range, it is necessary to take additional measures for its waterproofing, because in this case the precipitation will be difficult to drain. And vice versa, when the roof slope is more than 60%, it is necessary to take additional steps to fix the tiles with screws to the crate, because the load on the base in this case will be quite impressive.

The basis for laying tiles is the crate, which is arranged along the rafters. The pitch of the rafters is from 75 to 110 cm. The cross section of the lathing is from 30x50 mm to 50x50 mm.

The step of the crate is determined by the size and type of tiles. The size of the latter can be from 280x465 mm.

The size of the ventilation hole is determined by the length of the rafters.

The tiles are fastened with clamps and screws. The main mass of tiles with a normal slope of the roof is not individually attached.

Mandatory fixtures include:

first row on the ledge;
the last row near the filly;
side columns;
all undercut tiles;
tiles attached to walls, pipes, passage hatches.

All remaining tiles are fastened according to the rule: every second or every third.

Types of tiles and features of their use

Ceramic and sand-cement tiles

The shape is grooved, flat, wave and groove, and according to the method of obtaining - stamped and tape. By appointment, such a tile is ordinary and filly. In addition, during the installation of the roof, other special types of tiles are used: the final tongue-and-groove element, the initial and final locking of the filly tongue-and-groove element, ventilation pipes and feed-through pipes for antennas, and more.

Ceramic tiles are fire resistant. It has a rather low thermal conductivity, absorbs noise well, has a long service life (up to 100 years). The mass of a roof from such a tile is 35 - 55 kg. Manufacturers give a guarantee of 50 years.

Sand-cement tiles are made from quartz sand, water, Portland cement, iron-oxidized dye. It practically has the same properties as ceramic tiles, but less durability.

Ceramic tiles and natural slate

In addition to the above types of tiles, porcelain tiles and the so-called natural slate are used for the installation of the roofing layer.

Porcelain tile is an artificially created material that can be used in conditions of sufficient humidity, does not crack, does not overgrow with moss and does not need to be painted. This material is very durable: with a thickness of 9.5 mm, it can withstand the weight of a person.

In addition, it does not require picking and sorting during installation. Porcelain tiles are laid on a non-continuous crate. Fastening to the crate is carried out using 2-3 screws inserted into the mounting holes in the tiles.

Natural or natural slate is a roofing material in which each plate breaks off from a solid block of rock. This material holds the record among roofing materials in terms of durability, it is able to pass air and is laid on a continuous crate with a roof slope of 22%. Each tile is laid with a whip and nailed with 2-4 nails.

Bitumen-polymer tile

It has a wide range of shapes: 1000-1200 mm long and up to 400 mm wide. The production of bitumen-polymer tiles is carried out using reinforced fiberglass mesh, fiberglass or polyester mesh. The outer surface of such tiles is covered with mineral powder, copper or aluminum.

For gluing sheets of tiles to each other, the tapes protected by a polymer film and covered with an adhesive mass are used on the upper part of each sheet. The bituminous-polymer tile is laid on a continuous crate made of tongue-and-groove boards, moisture-resistant plywood or chipboard.

Fastening is carried out with nails, which then overlap with the next row of tiles. The steepness of the roof in this case can reach from 12% to 90%. When the roof slope is less than 18% under the tiles, it is necessary to lay an additional lining layer. Bitumen-polymer tile does not rot, absorbs noise, allows covering curved surfaces.

metal tile

The metal tile is produced by flexible stamping from smoothly rolled steel, which after stamping is subjected to hot-dip galvanizing on both sides, and on top of which a polymer coating or sand or granulate dressing is applied. The width of the tiles is 1100 mm, the length is usually determined by the length of the roof slope or the possibility of transportation. Thickness for a metal tile of a steel sheet from 0,4 mm. Tiles weight 4 kg/m (with dressing).

The metal tile keeps within on roofs with a slope more than 14%. The sheet coating itself includes a zinc layer and a polymer coating, which is made of polyester, matte polyester, pural, plastoizol, etc. The tile profile, as a rule, imitates natural tiles and can be asymmetric and symmetrical. The durability of a roof made of metal: 30 years and 50 years with sprinkling.

The main disadvantages of metal tiles are increased noise during precipitation, low thermal insulation properties and the formation of condensate on the surface from the inside. To prevent the formation of condensate, a rolled waterproofing material is laid under the roof, or a special fleecy film is glued on the tile itself from below.

Of course, in addition to those presented, other types of tiles can be used, which differ in technical and operational characteristics, but are not so widespread.

If you liked the material, I will be grateful if you recommend it to friends or leave a useful comment.

Tiled roofing is becoming more and more common today - modern homeowners are attracted by the impressive appearance that tiles give to a building, its quality factor and century-long service life. The price of such pleasure is high, but manufacturers unanimously claim that the initial investment fully pays off due to trouble-free operation. Is this really so, and what are the underlying disadvantages that can be encountered if insufficient attention is paid to the choice of natural coating?

Virtue under the microscope - the pros and cons of ceramic tiles

Any more or less experienced builder knows that ideal materials do not exist, and each of them must be used strictly in the recommended conditions. Of course, natural tiles have taken root in the Mediterranean climate of Italy, where they come from, but what about the Russian hinterland? Whether such a coating is able to withstand local conditions and how beneficial it is can be judged by an impartial assessment of its characteristics.

The pride of manufacturers is the dignity of the material

Since the tile is a material made of clay mass, its indisputable plus is environmental friendliness: in the heat such a roof does not emit harmful substances and odors, which is important for a residential building. The special plasticity of the raw mixture from which the material is made is obtained not due to chemical components, but due to the use of several varieties of low-melting clays that have undergone repeated processing.

Clay blanks formed by special units are fired at a temperature of 1000 degrees, after which they acquire the properties characteristic of tiles:

simplicity and durability of operation without changing functionality - indeed, tiled roofs do not need regular repairs, tinting and are able to maintain tightness for 100 years, reliably protecting the structure of the house from aggressive weather conditions;
original appearance that does not deteriorate under the influence of the sun and acid rain - despite the fact that the tiles are no longer made by hand, the roofing from it does not look like a typical industrial product and distinguishes the building from neighboring houses with a special style;
fire safety, as well as resistance to sudden temperature changes and frost - the material is non-combustible, withstands the amplitude of temperature fluctuations within 100 degrees and exhibits amazing frost resistance (from 150 to 1000 full freeze-thaw cycles without loss of integrity);
high noise, hydro and thermal insulation performance - ceramic tiles do not absorb moisture, slowly heat up and cool down, contributing little to heat exchange with the environment, and are a good sound insulator.

You can forget about roof repair for a long time - under proper operating conditions, it will not be needed over the next 30 years, which most manufacturers vouch for in their warranty obligations. When the need arises, it is not at all problematic to repair a section of the roof, since only damaged elements or, in extreme cases, neighboring ones have to be dismantled.

The disadvantages of a tiled roof

At first glance, the tile coating is flawless, because it allows you to immediately close all the issues on the roof: tightness, environmental friendliness, reliability. However, this apple has some wormholes, and the most significant of them is the cost that is unbearable for the average citizen: the price of an ordinary tile starts from 2 euros per piece, a gable one - from 14 euros, and a ventilation one - from 17.

The gap between desires and possibilities is further exacerbated by the need for professional installation, the level of which largely determines the service life of the coating. Due to the painstaking and laborious work, it will be necessary not only to find a team capable of somehow laying tiles, but to identify among them real professionals who are ready to be responsible for the result.

In addition, tiles are not suitable for every design:

a new building should be designed taking into account its mass (1 sq. M. weighs from 20 to 60 kg);
load-bearing structures of the restored building with insufficient rigidity must be strengthened.

The angle of inclination of the roof is also important - it is optimal if it is located at an inclination of at least 20 and not more than 60 degrees (some types of tiles can be mounted on roofs inclined by 10 degrees).

Since the clay plates are heavy and rather fragile, they should be transported with the utmost care, and it will be necessary to use a heavy truck for transportation, and a crane for loading and unloading. At the time of installation (and it can take 10-12 weeks), you need to take care of a flat area for its storage, equipped with a canopy from rain and snow.

Thus, the disadvantages of tiles do not concern operational issues, and the roof covered with it is really not afraid of either bad weather, or rotting and corrosion, or time. However, its characteristics are far from unconditional: most of the positive aspects are inherent only in high-quality material, selected and laid in accordance with the characteristics of the building in general and the roofing surface in particular.

The crucial moment is the choice of model and manufacturer

It is easy for potential buyers to get confused in the extensive classification of materials, which cunning intermediaries do not fail to use. Therefore, before buying, you should consult with an architectural bureau (ideally, with those specialists who originally designed the building) and, based on accurate calculations, make sure that it is possible to use one or another type of tile, and at the same time independently study how they differ.

Classification of natural tile roofing

First of all, it is necessary to define the concept of "natural". So it is customary to call a tile made of baked clay. However, it is often advertised as a natural material made from cheaper raw materials:

thermoplastic composite - mixtures of thermoplastic polymers with solid fillers and colorants (flammability class B3, frost resistance 200 cycles, service life - 50 years);
cement-sand mortar - such a tile for protection from ultraviolet radiation and making it water resistant requires mandatory painting with acrylic paints, it also has a shorter service life - up to 70 years;
lime-sand mixture - a silicate coating is obtained in an autoclave, where particles are sintered, and is highly brittle.

Both thermoplastic composite, and cement-sand, and silicate tiles have their own advantages, quite comparable with the advantages of a ceramic counterpart, but their price is also quite high, so it is better to give preference to a clay composition.

The manufacturer has another legitimate reason to call the tile natural - according to the type of its protective coating, or rather, its absence. This type of material is distinguished by a natural, red-brown color, which over time becomes covered with a noble patina. You need to work hard to give it high characteristics, so natural tiles are often the flagship of the brand's product line.

If the surface of the workpiece has been processed, then, depending on the coating, the tile is called:

engobed - the material is coated with a special mixture that gives a variety of shades during firing;
glazed - the plates are protected by a glass-like glossy layer, as a result of which moisture does not penetrate into the pores of the product.

The advantage of a coating with engobe is the invariance of its color, and the advantage of a glazed roof is its ability to self-clean. At this stage of the choice, many are reasonably guided only by their own aesthetic considerations.

Engobed roofing

How to determine the shape of the elements

The tile petals differ in size and can be small, medium and large format, respectively, their consumption also differs: 20, 15 and 10 pieces per 1 sq. m. The material has a huge assortment in shape, and it is required to determine it based on the climatic zone, the slope of the roof and its design features:

antique (Roman) - is considered complicated and is used quite rarely, as it consists of two rows: flat and grooved; the material is usually used for the authentic restoration of ancient buildings with a high roof, located in regions with low rainfall;
flat (beaver tail) - is a simplified version of the antique form and forms an airtight coating only if laid with a significant overlap, which leads to a greater consumption of material; this is the best option for complex curved surfaces;
grooved (munch-nunn) - like the antique one, it requires an increased consumption of material, since it also consists of two semicircular elements that form a monolithic surface when connected; due to its presentability, it belongs to the elite types of tiles and is mainly used for roofs with a slight (up to 35 degrees) slope;
wavy (Dutch) - the tile has an S-shaped configuration and creates a wavy surface from which water quickly leaves; this model is one of the most economical in terms of consumption, suitable for any roofs, therefore, today it is most in demand.

Modern production technologies allow you to create a variety of models, providing them with special grooves for the most reliable connection. Usually, a flat and wavy shape of the material is made into a groove, but models without grooves can also be found on sale. In this case, the tiles have protrusions and / or holes that allow you to fix the coating on the crate and ensure its water tightness.

Different shapes of Koramic natural tiles

Beaver tail shape

How to choose a manufacturer - a list of worthy

To determine the best manufacturer of ceramic tiles is a thankless job. Each of them has offers for a completely different wallet and taste, and as for quality, well-known brands often have it at a consistently high level. It is worth comparing their products only in terms of assortment, since it differs significantly for manufacturers from different countries:

Creaton AG (Germany) - the company has a 125-year history of development and offers more than 25 models of ceramic and about 10 models of cement-sand tiles, according to reviews, very reliable, but at the same time not cheap.
FBM (Italy) is an industrial concern that manufactures products with an impressive variety of colors and textures, the line also includes hand-molded tiles.
Margon (Portugal) - the brand has existed for over 60 years, presenting building ceramics in the Mediterranean style; the exact geometry of each product is one of the advantages, which is confirmed in practice by laying masters.
Dreadnoght (England) - tiles from the world's oldest manufacturer (existing since 1805), designed in the traditional English style; the material itself is guaranteed for 75 years, and for the preservation of color - 20 years.
Roben (Poland) - the manufacturer positions its products as a budget alternative to Western brands and mainly produces S-shaped ceramic tiles for buildings with a classic roof.

Quality tiles:

presented in a wide range of shapes and colors;
characterized by a uniform thickness of the coating layer, without chips and microcracks;
certified according to DIN EN 538, DIN EN 539-1 and DIN EN 539-2 and backed by warranty.

Understanding what tiles are and choosing the material that is optimal in terms of all characteristics is half the battle, because it must also be correctly laid, unconditionally following the manufacturer's recommendations.

Features of installation of ceramic roofing

The range of tile types includes various elements that facilitate installation in different areas of the roof: around gutters and chimneys, above ventilation systems.

The manufacturer provides each model with instructions regarding installation conditions: roof slope, lathing pitch, overlap dimensions, estimated consumption of materials. If the roof has a simple shape, the installation of tiles can be done independently, be sure to consult with experienced craftsmen and take into account some of the nuances:

natural tiles are recommended to be laid on a solid plank crate or OSB flooring, strictly aligned with the surface;
the smaller the angle of inclination of the roof, the greater should be the overlap of the material (from 5 to 12 cm) and the more reliable the waterproofing of the roof should be;
ceramic elements can be laid both from the upper right corner to the lower left, and from the center to the edges - the specific method is indicated in the instructions;
ordinary tiles are fastened with special protrusions (hooks), but some elements require additional fixation with galvanized hardware, clamps and wire;
if necessary, tiles can be cut using electrical equipment with stone cutting discs.

Professional tiled roof installation

Installation is completed with the installation of ridge elements - ordinary and frontal. In general, due to the presence of a tongue-and-groove fastening system, laying the material is not difficult, but it requires great care and patience. That is why, in the absence of experience, it is recommended not to take risks and invite professional builders for this work.

Today, there are various types of tiles that are used to cover the roof.

The types and prices of this material are very different, so before you cover your roof, you need to carefully study all the options available on the market.

Each tile has its own advantages and disadvantages, which also need to be analyzed before buying.

Roofing is most affected by the effects of precipitation, temperature changes and wind.

In addition, the appearance of the coating is also of no small importance, so you need to choose the tiles very carefully.

Sheet varieties of tiles

Sheet varieties of roof tiles are sold not as separate elements, but as whole sheets, which greatly speeds up the installation process.

These types include metal and bituminous tiles.

The metal tile is made of steel with a thickness of about half a millimeter, coated with a primer layer and a passivating aluminum coating.

Above this peculiar cake are layers of zinc and polymer coating, as well as varnish.

The types of polymers used as a protective layer vary in quality and service life, which entails a wide range of prices for this roofing material.

Polyester is considered the most short-lived, respectively, a metal tile with such a polymer is the cheapest.

Plastisol is very resistant to various atmospheric influences - precipitation, wind, ultraviolet rays.

PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) is the most durable polymer, while pural is highly resistant to corrosion and retains its color for a long time.

The advantages of metal tiles include light weight, good resistance to stress, rich colors and low cost.

However, it also has disadvantages, including a large amount of waste during installation and increased noise during precipitation (in order to avoid this, sound insulation is additionally laid).

The service life of a metal tile is from thirty to forty years.

Bituminous tiles are soft and flexible. Often, in the manufacture of modified bitumen, it is applied on both sides to a layer of reinforcing fiberglass.

Such a tile is a kind of layer cake, while different manufacturers have different thickness and number of layers of protective materials.

Bituminous tiles have many advantages:

excellent waterproofing (under the influence of high temperatures from sunlight, bitumen melts and glues the tiles together, forming a continuous coating);
ease of installation;
noiselessness during precipitation;
high resistance to corrosion and decay;
long service life (up to seventy years).

In addition, such a coating is practically waste-free, has a low weight, copes well with temperature changes, is very flexible and quite cheap.

When installing this type of coating, it should be borne in mind that a solid crate is needed under the shingles (it is best to use OSB for this purpose - oriented strand board or waterproof plywood).

In addition, a solid crate is a good sound and heat insulation.

Bituminous shingles are best used for roofs with a slope of ten to twenty degrees, however, it is possible to mount the coating even on vertical surfaces.

This material has a rich color range, and everyone can choose the shade of the coating that suits him.

At the same time, bituminous tiles also have disadvantages - they are combustible materials, with strong heat an unpleasant odor appears, and during frosts they become brittle.

natural tile

Natural ceramic tiles are one of the oldest types of roofing, which has been used since ancient times.

To make it, clay is shaped, covered with layers of protective coating and placed in a kiln where it is fired at very high temperatures (over a thousand degrees Celsius).

After that, a layer of glaze of different colors is applied to the surface of the tile, which determines the rich color range of this material.

When buying, you need to pay attention to the following nuances:

tiles should be smooth, without cracks, chips, pits or bumps;
the edges must be even;
when tapping on a quality ceramic coating, a clear sound should come out, in no case rattling.

When buying high-quality ceramic tiles, you can be sure that this coating will last on the roof for more than a hundred years.

In addition to a long service life, this material has excellent sound insulation and excellent resistance to corrosion and low temperatures, does not burn and is made from environmentally friendly products.

Ceramic tiles can be laid on roofs with a large angle of inclination (from twenty-five to sixty degrees), which its counterparts cannot boast of.

In addition, there are gaps between the ceramic tiles, which allows the roof to be ventilated and excess water to evaporate.

At the same time, this is also a disadvantage, since excess moisture will get into these cracks. The problem is solved with the help of additional installation of a waterproofing layer (roofing material, film).

With all the advantages, ceramic tiles have a number of disadvantages. First of all, it is very heavy.

If you plan to cover the roof with ceramic tiles, then you need to install more rafters, or use wooden beams of a larger section for this.

In addition, such tiles are quite fragile, so they can easily collapse under high mechanical loads.

According to experts, it is rather difficult to mount ceramic tiles on complex roofs, since many additional elements are required - waterproofing, sheathing, fasteners.

It should also be noted that ceramic tiles are not easy to cut with any tool.

The main disadvantage of this material is the very high cost. Compared to metal or bituminous tiles, the cost of ceramic tiles is four to five times higher, which is clearly not affordable for everyone.

On the other hand, such a high price pays off with a long service life and ease of maintenance.

In addition, the building with a roof covered with ceramic tiles has a beautiful appearance, which is also an important factor.

Modern types of coverage

In the last decade, cement-sand tiles have become very popular. It is made from high quality sand, iron oxide pigments and limestone.

The raw materials obtained as a result of mixing these components are placed in special molds and fired at a temperature of over six hundred degrees Celsius.

Cement-sand tiles are widely used due to their good strength, weather resistance and environmental friendliness.

The material does not burn, does not emit any harmful substances into the environment, has good sound insulation and excellent frost resistance, is protected from moss and fungi.

The service life of cement-sand tiles is also quite long (manufacturers claim that the roofing will last more than a hundred years).

Often this material is impregnated with polymer paint, which protects the tiles from fading.

Its disadvantages are the same as those of a natural ceramic coating - a large weight that requires a continuous crate, the complexity of installation, the need to install an additional layer of waterproofing.

However, the cost of a cement-sand coating is much lower than that of a ceramic counterpart, and the appearance is no worse. The roof will be well protected with this coating.

Relatively recently, a new type of tile appeared on the market - polymer sand. For its manufacture, high quality sand, molten polymers and dyes are used.

Unlike ceramic and cement-sand coatings, polymer-sand tiles are first fired in a kiln at high temperatures and then hot pressed.

Based on the reviews of people who have tried this type of roofing material, it is almost impossible to destroy it.

In addition, the polymer sand coating is very weather resistant: it does not burn, it is easy to install, and it is not afraid of cold temperatures.

If desired, even an inexperienced builder can handle the installation of the material. It is practically not necessary to take care of it: it does not need touch-up and repair, it is enough to wash the roof every few years.

Thanks to the polymer coating, moss and other plants do not appear on it. The service life of polymer-sand tiles is also quite long, the material is not covered with plaque over time, and is light in weight.

The cost of such a coating is cheaper than the price of its ceramic counterpart, but more expensive than cement-sand tiles.

To date, there are a great many types of tiles for roofing, and choosing the right option for your roof is quite difficult.

Each type has its own advantages, disadvantages and different appearance, so you should study all the options before making a purchase.

It must be remembered that the service life of any type of tile is quite long and it is often not necessary to change the roofing material.

That is why the choice of roof coverage should be approached as responsibly as possible, carefully weighing the pros and cons.

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