How to develop imagination and fantasy in adults. Why Imagination Is Necessary

Our imagination can help improve our lives and achieve our goals. With the help of special techniques, it can be developed and used for your own well-being.

Everyone can use imagination. This exceptional ability is directly related to many aspects of life. With the help of imagination, each person will be able to translate their fantasies into reality, sending an impulse to the brain for action.

Why Imagination Is Necessary

Using the principle of realism, we deprive ourselves of the opportunity to fantasize, thereby closing the path of development in many areas. There are several reasons that will help you realize the need to develop the imagination.

1. The development of fantasy contributes to the training of the brain, the development of the flexibility of the mind and makes thinking more productive. With the help of the development of the imagination, you become smarter, build logical chains faster and solve multi-way tasks.

2. Imagination contributes to the extraction of knowledge from the subconscious. With the help of fantasies, a person accumulates his own energy, directing an impulse to the brain to realize creative ideas and ideas. Imagination builds the power for a successful and productive life through extraordinary solutions to the challenges you face.

3. With the help of imagination, you can achieve much greater heights in your career, because thinking that can generate ideas gives you an advantage in developing your own business, the manifestation of creative inclinations. A person with a good imagination is capable of creative fresh solutions and ideas that help quality work.

How to develop imagination

Psychologists are seriously concerned that today's children have practically no imagination and a poorly developed fantasy. In many ways, they see the fault of television programs and gadgets that do not provide an opportunity to develop the flexibility of the mind. The method of presenting simple information does not give food for thought, and this leads to the impoverishment of knowledge, making it impossible to use those parts of the brain that are responsible for creativity. The same problems are observed in adults who, for the sake of modern videos, have stopped using literature and straining their memory and brain to solve problems on their own.

In order to activate brain activity, follow simple rules, and soon you will notice positive changes that will improve your memory and intellectual capabilities.

1. One of the daily rules is the mental simulation of life situations. Imagine the plots in all the smallest details, add new details. For example, imagine you are in a certain place. Imagine quiet musical accompaniment, the aromas of dishes, the noise of the city or the sounds of nature. Such exercises will allow you to easily reproduce in your imagination many scenarios.

2. Don't forget to read. Reading develops your imagination, enriches your vocabulary. Common literary devices that provoke you to read between the lines load the brain, allowing it to analyze the proposed text, see the heroes of the work, imagine them in the proposed situation. The brain is a muscle, and the more you use it, the more productive your life becomes.

3. Get yourself a diary in which you will write down your thoughts, emotions and experiences. Thoughts expressed on paper make the brain work with a vengeance, looking for the right words to describe what happened to you. This method will also help you increase your vocabulary and teach you how to express thoughts correctly.

4. Chat with people who are literally burning with a lot of ideas. Their rich imagination and energy will be transferred to you. Having plunged into the world of fantasies and new ideas, you simply cannot refuse this exciting activity.

One of the most important forms of reflection of the surrounding reality is imagination. The ability to think imaginatively, to mentally recreate an object or phenomenon, to solve problems without direct practical actions, to abstract modeling - that's what imagination is.

How to develop imagination or fantasy?

First, let's figure out when a person needs such an ability. Human memory and play, creativity and planning, dreams of the future, memories of the past, even an elementary reflection of the world visible to the eyes and transformation into images of specific external objects - all these mental processes are impossible without imagination, they are imagination itself. What happens to a person deprived of the gift of thinking figuratively? Probably, he will be able to live only according to pre-built templates for him. It is impossible for him to think of the situation, to think at least one step forward. Deprived of abstract thinking, he will not be able to understand art, enjoy music or poetry, he will not even dream. A world devoid of color - isn't it a terrifying prospect? Like any ability, even innate, imagination can and should be shaped.

Imagination development is a creative, interesting and complex process. We have already noted that the image and thought are an inseparable whole, and the human imagination itself is connected with thinking by the closest ties. Therefore, any exercise aimed at developing thinking will also help the development of imagination. Creative imagination also implies the upbringing of an independent personality, because it involves the creation of new, original, unparalleled things, images or signs.

Ways to develop creative imagination

• accumulation of vivid images through thoughtful communication with nature and fixing the results of observations in verbal form, in drawings and crafts;
• attempting imaginary "journeys" through places hidden by the schematic representation of lines on the map;
• careful reading of books with "immersion" in the details of descriptions of the appearance of the characters, interiors and landscapes, with a purposeful desire to recreate in the imagination what the authors describe;
• the formation of imagination in games: role-playing, with words, with fantastic proposed circumstances.

Imagination Games

From an early age, it makes sense to pay attention to the development of imagination in children. Here, a playful, entertaining way is most suitable, for example, tasks-games

• inventing riddles about terrestrial objects for aliens who have never heard of these objects and have not seen them;
• writing poems and fairy tales on arbitrary topics;
• drawing and modeling fantastic animals, plants, stones;
• a fantasy game that starts with the question: what would happen if...
• word game: a word is chosen and each letter is made the beginning of a new word, and then lines with rhymes are made from the received words or a story is made up based on them.

Psychologists say that by the age of three, a child has accumulated sufficient experience and demonstrates the first manifestations of imagination. The development of imagination in preschool children is a very delicate and important task. Toddlers often mix the real and the imaginary, and if the child is not helped in time, if his imagination is not directed in the right direction, he can begin to live in a fantasy world, moving away from reality. Teachers attach exceptional importance to role-playing games, when, taking on a role, children strive for the most accurate similarity of invented images with really existing characters. Fine art (sculpting, drawing), building and constructive activities, accompanied by stories and explanations of the child - all this gives scope to the child's imagination and develops conscious thinking.

Traditionally, thinking is considered the most important mental cognitive process, and imagination is inextricably linked with it, but rather an auxiliary ability necessary for creativity and design. It was only about ten years ago that ideas appeared in the public mind that it was the magical world of the imagination, and not any other mental process, that could significantly change the life of any person for the better.

Recently it has become widely used (including by practicing psychologists) visualization method, based on the creation of visual images in the imagination and their management. By correctly imagining the desired event, you can “attract” it into your life, that is, increase the likelihood that it will become a reality.

The question of whether thought is material is a long-standing, philosophical and rhetorical one. But more and more often, scientists find evidence that thoughts (or rather, mental images) can be realized in the outside world. It is scientifically substantiated that dreams, fantasies and daydreams are not empty and not just pleasant, but useful and productive pastime.

You can argue for a long time how productive imagination is, or you can test the theory in practice and experiment with your own imagination.

To date, there is no common understanding and definition of the concept of "imagination", this is due to the fact that it is difficult to evaluate or measure it in any way, it is too abstract, ephemeral, subjective, multifaceted and has many characteristics.

Imagination- this is:

• mental cognitive process, transforming, anticipating, building options for actions and behavior;
• universal ability to the construction of new images of reality;
• the form representation and display of the existing reality;
• way mastering the person of the desired future, helping to set goals and make plans;
• psychological basis of creativity;
• universal property of consciousness.

In childhood a person has not yet learned to think logically and stereotypically, so he imagines a lot. Through physical activity and the involvement of thinking in finding ways to solve practical problems, children think creatively. The best and fastest way to develop the imagination is in the game. And children's lies are often just a form of imagination. Children come up with a lot because it's more interesting to live.

Imagination under construction on the picture of the world in the mind and on personal emotional, intellectual, sensual, practical experience. The process of imagination is impossible without the participation of perception, attention, memory, creative or divergent thinking.

Both thinking and imagination are turned on at the moment of uncertainty, problematic situation or mental task. But imagination, unlike thinking, does not need all the fullness of knowledge in order to know something.

The imagination does not analyze, but transforms the information coming from outside. In addition, imagination is always accompanied by emotions: either the imaginary image provokes them, or the emotion “turns on” the imagination.

Imagination allows you to get the experience of experiencing an event that was not, is not, and perhaps will not be.

Varieties of Imagination

Imagination is involved in all types of human activity, but most often in creativity. Developed imagination, creativity and imaginative thinking are simply necessary for people of creative professions. But even people, whose specific activity is far from free fantasy, daily have to deal with a considerable number of its types and forms, without noticing it.

Kinds imagination:

1. As a result of the process:

• productive or creative, when the product of the imagination is a relative or absolute innovation;
• reproductive, when an object already existing in the world is recreated.

1. According to the degree of activity:

• active, involving some effort of will;
• passive or involuntary, when a creative product is obtained unintentionally and unpredictably.

1. Depending on the mechanism of imagination:

• schematization - identifying similarities and smoothing differences;
• agglutination - a combination in the mind of objects that are incompatible at first glance;
• hyperbolization - a decrease or increase in an object or its parts;
• typification is the identification of the main and repetitive element in homogeneous phenomena.

Forms imagination:

1. A dream is a vision of the future, the time of which is not precisely defined.
2. Fantasy is a largely modified reflection of reality.
3. Dreams are a representation of the unattainable and unrealizable.
4. Hallucinations are images that appear in the mind without an external stimulus.
5. Dreams are a form of unconscious visualization.

Interesting fact! Scientists were able to experimentally prove that in the process of imagining an event, all the same zones are activated in the human brain that are involved when the action is actually performed, and not imagined. It turns out that for the brain there is no difference between the imaginary and the real.

How to develop imagination

Developing the imagination is necessary in order to become a more successful and happy person, and it is not at all necessary to wait for inspiration for this. The development of the imagination is a much less laborious task than the development of another mental process, ability, personality trait.

Everything starts with a dream! To develop the imagination, you need to learn dream. Some adult and serious person will surely say: “Why should I waste time on dreams and fantasies, when I need to deal with urgent matters ?!”. And a person who decides to work on his character and personality is more likely to start developing thinking, memory, speech, but he hardly considers it necessary to develop the ability to dream.

However, dreaming is not an empty occupation, it develops logical thinking, memory, concentration of attention and forms enthusiasm, that is, it increases the motivation for achievements. During the free flight of fantasy, brilliant ideas, answers to long-standing questions, and options for solving problems can unexpectedly come to mind.

Such flashes of insight are called "insight" in psychology. insight- this is a sudden and not logically derived from past experience awareness of the essence and the correct solution of a mental problem; it is direct, intuitive comprehension of the truth.

Another way to develop imagination that promotes self-realization is visualization- the presentation of a certain, desired, concrete, extremely accurate to the smallest detail image of a glorified goal.

The goal (desired event or object) is visualized, and not just pleasant situations. Task: repeatedly (up to several times a day) imagine that the desired goal has already been achieved, moreover, successfully and in exactly the same way and within the time frame that were determined during goal setting.

Visualized events should feel like they are happening in the present time. For example, if you dream of your own house, you need to visualize your presence in this house at the present time: take a shower, cook in the kitchen, water the flowers on the windowsill in this house and feel the joy of achieving the goal.

Reading also great for developing the imagination. Imagining the characters and the events taking place with them, the reader "plunges" into the book and turns on the fantasy, creates a whole virtual world in his mind.

Of course, any creativity helps to develop the imagination. You don't have to be an outstanding artist to paint"kalyaki-malyaki" in your free time. It is especially good to draw not realistic pictures, but abstract, fantastic, surreal ones. To draw "from the heart" - just pick up a pencil, relax, let go of all thoughts and anxieties and draw as you like and anything.

Also develop the imagination such lessons So:

• interesting communication,
• acquiring new experiences
• observation of nature and people,
• photography,
• role-playing games,
• imaginative games.

In order to develop the imagination, it is enough to begin to “include” it in conscious activity and observe how the perception of the world changes from this. And the imagined desired life will certainly begin to manifest itself in reality through the power of imagination.

Do you often daydream and/or visualize your goals?

7 exercises for " Development of the imagination"from the book of Boreev G. "Conscious exits from the body. Nine practical methods. (Techniques for achieving physical immortality)".

Imagination development - First exercise

Choose an object at eye level at a distance of 1 - 3 meters. The subject to begin with should be very simple: a book, a pen, a matchbox. Close your eyes, imagine a white, empty luminous space. Keep a clear image of it in your mind's eye for 3 to 5 minutes. Then open your eyes and contemplate the object for 3-5 minutes. At the same time, do not think about it, but simply look through it, as if you are looking into the distance, trying to capture the subject as a whole. Close your eyes and imagine this object in your imagination, placing it in a white luminous space for 3 to 5 minutes. The exercise should be done 5-8 times, trying to perform it calmly, without straining, without effort of will.

Development of imagination - Second exercise

Lying in bed, before going to sleep, close your eyes and imagine a black letter "A" on a white background. Keep the image of the letter in your mind for a few minutes. The letter can change in shape, float away, decrease - calmly return it to its original place in its original form. The next day, imagine the letter "B" in the same way. Hold the letter in your imagination until the image is clearly fixed. At the next stage of this exercise, hold the combinations of the letters "AB", then "VG" and so on. Then hold in your imagination already three letters. Some people immediately manage to keep 5 or more letters on the mental screen. Work further, bring the number of letters held in the imagination to ten. Exercise helps to develop concentration, expand the scope of perception, improve memory.

Development of imagination - Third exercise

Imagine a small red square, fix it in your mind. Now imagine that the square increases in size, diverges with faces to infinity. Now you have a red space in front of you, contemplate it. The next day, do the same experiment with the orange space. Then with yellow, green, blue, blue and purple. Having learned this, move on to more complex things. Imagine first a red color, smoothly turning into orange, orange turning into yellow, and so on until purple. Then from purple you need to go back. Then imagine red-skinned people walking through a green forest. The skin of people gradually becomes orange, yellow - and so on to purple. Then it gradually turns red again.

Development of imagination - Fourth exercise

Imagine an apple. Start rotating it in space clockwise. Imagine how it flies out of your head and flies around the room. Place the apple in front of your nose, look at it. Carefully try to mentally enter it, feel yourself in its size, shape. Then fly in an apple from the body one meter up and look at the world from this point. You should see your body below, the walls of the room, the furniture, the close ceiling. This exercise should be done while sitting in an armchair or lying on a bed, since an involuntary exit to the astral world is possible. It is extremely important during the exercise not to lose control over yourself. If you feel something is wrong, immediately open your eyes.

Development of imagination - Fifth exercise

Look closely at any item. Close your eyes, try to see the same object in the same place. Open your eyes, compare the imaginary object with the real one. Close your eyes again. Open. Strive for the maximum identity of the physical and the imaginary. As you move forward in your studies, the subjects under consideration should become more and more difficult. Then start looking at animals and people like that. After fully mastering this exercise, you will be able to look at a person with your eyes closed and see the aura and internal organs of his body.

Development of imagination - Sixth exercise

Learn to create some mental image in space with open eyes. For example, imagine that you have a vase with different flowers on your table. Try to see her there.

Imagination development - Seventh exercise

Take mental journeys. Imagine how you walked around the room, hall, kitchen, went out into the corridor, returned. Imagine how you left the house, walk down the street, get on the bus, go to the forest, to the river, swim, and so on.

First, let's look at what imagination and fantasy are? These are types of thinking, this is the ability to mentally represent what is not, from what is in memory. In other words, imagination is an active creative process of creating new knowledge (new ideas) from old knowledge. What is the difference between fantasy and imagination? If imagination is the ability to mentally create new ideas and images of possible and impossible objects based on real knowledge, then fantasy is the creation of new, but unreal, fabulous, yet impossible situations and objects, say, but also on based on real knowledge. For example: the winged horse Pegasus, the Dead Head in Pushkin's fairy tale "Ruslan and Lyudmila", the fables of Baron Munchausen, Pinocchio, the Steadfast Tin Soldier - these are fantastic images.

There are several types of imagination:

1. Recreating is the representation of images according to a predetermined description, for example, when reading books, poems, notes, drawings, mathematical signs. Otherwise, this type of imagination is called reproductive, reproducing, remembering.

2. Creative is the independent creation of new images according to one's own design. Children call it "from the head." It is this kind of imagination that will be the subject of our study and development in children.

3. The unmanageable is what is called "violent fantasy", an absurdity, a set of unrelated absurdities.

How is fantasy and imagination different from serious problem solving?

When fantasizing, the child himself creates any kind of plot, including a fairy tale one, any situation he likes, any task he likes, and he solves it in any way he likes. Any solution is acceptable. And when solving real problems, the child is not looking for any, but a real, “adult”, serious, feasible solution. In both cases, he creates, but when fantasizing there is more freedom, since there are no prohibitions on the part of physical laws and no great knowledge is required. That is why it is better to start the development of children's thinking with the development of fantasy.

What is the difference between fantasy and stupidity?

When fantasy is harmful, it becomes stupidity. Stupidity is a stupid, absurd, unnecessary, unreasonable, wrong, harmful, inappropriate act or statement that does not honor the one who committed it. Of course, one must take into account the age of the person, the conditions and goals of the act.

Is all fantasy good? There is a general criterion for assessing the quality of all affairs on Earth - this is an increase in goodness in the world.

The classic carrier of fantasy is a fairy tale.

How is fairy tale different from science fiction? In science fiction, technically feasible situations, elements or processes are considered, and in a fairy tale any. It should be noted that there is no sharp boundary between fantastic and real solutions either. For example, what was considered a fantasy in the time of Jules Verne is now an everyday reality. G. A. Altshuller calculated that out of 108 (!) ideas-forecasts of J. Verne, 99 (90%) were implemented. H.G. Wells has 77 out of 86, Alexander Belyaev has 47 out of 50.

When a child selflessly tells fables with his participation, he does not lie, in our usual sense, he composes. He doesn't care if it's real or not real. And this should not be important to us, what is important is that the child's brain works, generates ideas. However, you should still pay attention to what the child dreams of. If he talks all the time about his non-existent friends, about tender parents or about toys, then maybe he suffers, dreams about it and thus pours out his soul? Help him immediately.

Why develop fantasy and imagination?

They say: "Without imagination, there is no consideration." A. Einstein considered the ability to imagine higher than knowledge, because he believed that without imagination it is impossible to make discoveries. K. E. Tsiolkovsky believed that a cold mathematical calculation is always preceded by imagination.

Sometimes in everyday life fantasy and imagination are understood as something empty, unnecessary, lightweight, having no practical application. In fact, as practice has shown, a well-developed, bold, controlled imagination is an invaluable property of original non-standard thinking.

It is difficult for children to think "according to the laws", but if they are taught to fantasize and not be criticized for it, then children fantasize easily and with pleasure, especially if they are also praised.

Apparently, this is how children subconsciously learn to think - in the game. This should be used and developed imagination and fantasy from early childhood. Let the children "reinvent their own bicycles". Who did not invent bicycles in childhood, he will not be able to invent anything at all.

How to develop fantasy and imagination in children?

There are three laws for the development of creative imagination:

1. The creative activity of the imagination is directly dependent on the richness and diversity of a person's previous personal experience.

Indeed, every imagination is built from real elements; the richer the experience, the richer the imagination. Hence the consequence: we must help the child to accumulate experience, images and knowledge (erudition), if we want him to be a creative person.

2. You can imagine what you yourself have not seen, but what you have heard or read about, that is, you can fantasize based on someone else's experience. For example, you can imagine an earthquake or a tsunami, although you have never seen it. Without training, it is difficult, but possible.

Ways to develop fantasy and imagination

We list the main ways to develop fantasy and imagination, and then consider the methods for developing creative imagination. Ideally, if the child himself wants and will develop his imagination and imagination. How to achieve this?

1. Generate motivation!

2. Convince that fantasizing is not shameful, but very prestigious and useful for the child personally. They don't understand this yet. Need a game and vivid emotions. The logic of children is not yet strong.

3. Fantasizing should be interesting. Then, having fun, the child will quickly master the ability to fantasize, and then the ability to imagine, and then to think rationally. Preschoolers are not interested in reasoning, but in events.

4. Make children fall in love with you (attraction). On this “wave of love”, they trust you more and are more willing to obey.

5. By your own example. In early childhood, kids copy the behavior of adults, it’s a sin not to take advantage of this. You are an authority for a child.

• at a tender age (2-6 years) - fairy tales, fantastic stories;
• in adolescence (7-14) - adventure fantasy novels (Jules Verne, Belyaev, Conan Doyle, Wells);
• in youth and in adulthood - solid science fiction literature (Efremov, Strugatsky, Azimov, etc.).

Teach children to admire a good fantasy.

7. Stimulate fantasy with questions. For example: “What happens if you grow wings. Where would you fly?

8. Put children in difficult situations. Let them think and find a way out. Here, for example, is a classic task: children ended up on a desert island, how to survive?

9. Throw interesting stories to children and ask them to make stories, fairy tales, stories based on them.

10. Teach the following techniques for developing imagination and fantasizing.

Using the techniques below does not eliminate the need to think. Techniques “not instead of”, but “to help” fantasy, techniques indicate the direction of thinking. Knowledge of fantasy techniques leads children to mastering "adult" methods of resolving contradictions and solving inventive problems.

Techniques for the development of fantasy and imagination

Children know quite a lot of phenomena and laws of nature (for example, that all objects fall down, that heavy objects sink, liquids spill and do not have their own shape, water freezes, wood, paper, a candle burn). This knowledge is quite enough to fruitfully fantasize, but children do not know how to fantasize, that is, they do not know the techniques of fantasizing.

Most of the techniques of fantasizing are associated with changing the laws or natural phenomena. Everything can be changed: any law of animate and inanimate nature, any social law, the law can act in reverse, completely new laws can be invented, some existing laws can be excluded, laws can be forced to act or not act at will, temporarily, periodically or unpredictably; you can change any living creature: people (all people have become honest!), animals, plants.

Below are 35 fantasy techniques:

1. Increase - decrease.

This is the simplest technique, it is widely used in fairy tales, epics, and fantasy. For example, Thumbelina, Thumb Boy, Gulliver, Lilliputians, Gargantua and Pantagruel. You can increase and decrease almost everything: geometric dimensions, weight, height, volume, wealth, distances, speeds.

It can be increased indefinitely from actual sizes to infinitely large and can be reduced from real to zero, that is, until complete destruction.

Here are conversation games for mastering the "increase - decrease" technique.

1.1. They say to the child: “Here is a magic wand for you, it can increase or decrease whatever you want. What would you like to increase and what would you like to decrease?

- I would like to reduce vocal lessons, and increase my free time.
I would like to reduce my homework.
I want to enlarge the candy to the size of a refrigerator so that I can cut off pieces with a knife.
— I want to increase the raindrops to the size of a watermelon.

1.2. Complicate this game with additional questions: “And what will come of this? Where it leads? Why do you want to increase or decrease?”

- Let your arms become so long for a while that you can get an apple from a branch, or say hello through the window, or get a ball from the roof, or, without getting up from the table, turn off the TV.
- If the trees in the forest are reduced to the size of grass, and the grass to the size of a match, then it will be easy to look for mushrooms.
- If it is difficult for a child to fantasize independently, offer to fantasize together, ask him auxiliary questions.

1.3. What will happen if our nose lengthens for a while?

- It will be possible to smell the flowers in the flower bed without leaving the house; it will be possible to determine what delicious dishes the neighbors are preparing;
"That's good, but what's wrong with that?"
- There will be nowhere to put such a long nose, it will interfere with walking, riding in transport, it will even be uncomfortable to sleep, and in winter it will freeze. No, I don't need that nose.

Invite the child to say what is good and what is bad if we increase or decrease something. Who will be good and who will be bad? This is a moral analysis of the situation.

1.4. Tell me, what will be good and what will be bad for you personally and others if the magician enlarges you 10 times? If the child finds it difficult to guess, help him with additional questions.

What size will you be then?
- How many kilograms will you weigh?

What will happen if your height decreases by 10 times?
- Agree, it would be great if you could change your height at will. For example, you are late for school: you increased the length of your legs or the frequency of your steps and quickly reached school, and then made your legs of normal length. Or another case. We have to cross the river, but there is no bridge nearby. No problem!
- I will be 15 m high! This is the height of a five-story building!

Regarding weight, this is a tricky question. Usually answer: 10 times more. In fact, if you keep all the proportions of the body, then the weight will increase 1000 times! If a person weighed 50 kg, he would weigh 50 tons! I will run faster than a car. I will be strong, and no one will dare to offend me, and I will be able to protect anyone. I can carry huge weights. I wonder what? Usually a person can lift half their weight. Then I can lift 25 tons! This is good. What will be bad?

I won't fit in the class. You will have to sew huge clothes and shoes. It will be very difficult to feed me. If we assume that a person eats 2% of his weight per day, then I need food weighing 1 ton. I won't fit on any bus. Even down the street I have to walk, bending under the wires. I will have nowhere to live.

2. Adding one or more fantastic properties to one person or many people (as fragments or blanks of future fantastic works).

The technique of this kind of fantasizing is similar to the method of focal objects:

a) select several arbitrary objects of animate and/or inanimate nature;
b) formulate their properties, qualities, features or character traits. You can come up with new properties "from the head";
c) the formulated properties and qualities endow a person.

For example, an eagle was chosen as an object (“property donor”). Eagle qualities: flies, excellent eyesight, feeds on rodents, lives in the mountains.

- Man can fly like an eagle. It can be added: it can fly in the stratosphere, in near and far space.
- A person has super-acute eagle vision, for example, he sees cells of living tissues without a microscope, crystal lattices of metals, even atoms, he sees without a telescope and better than through a telescope, the surface of stars and planets. He sees through walls, walks down the street and sees what is happening in the houses, and even penetrates through the walls himself, like an X-ray.
- Man eats eagle food - rodents, birds.
— The man is covered with feathers.

Continue fantasizing with this method, taking as an initial object: a light bulb, a fish (remember an amphibian man), a watch, glasses, a match, suspended animation (a sharp slowdown in life processes is very convenient: there is no money for food or nowhere to live - you fall into suspended animation) or the reverse of hibernation (a sharp increase in vital processes, a person does not know fatigue, moves with incredible speed, such a person will make a wonderful illusionist, or a runner, or an invincible fighter).

2.1. Come up with sense organs that a person does not have, but could be.
For example, it would not be bad to feel the presence of radiation in order to protect yourself from it. Generally speaking, we feel it if we suffer from radiation sickness.
It would not be bad to feel nitrides and nitrates and other contaminants. There is a wonderful and rare feeling - this is a sense of proportion, not everyone has it.
It would not be bad to feel when you make a mistake and when danger is approaching (figuratively speaking, the red light would light up in this case).

2.2. The time will come and it will be possible to change the internal organs. What would it look like?

2.3. Make a “markup” of people with color according to their moral qualities. For example, all honest people turned pink, all dishonest people turned purple, and evil people turned blue. The more a person has done meanness, the darker the color. Describe what will happen to the world? Many people probably wouldn't leave the house.

3. Animated drawing.

You have received a wonderful gift, everything you draw comes to life! What would you draw?
Great people? Endangered animals?
New animals and plants?

4. Exclusion of some human qualities.

List the properties and qualities of a person, and then exclude one or two properties and see what happens.

The man is not sleeping.
The person does not feel pain.
- The person lost weight, sense of smell.

Name at least 10 vital qualities and properties of a person and think about the consequences of their loss.

5. Turning a person into any object.

A person turns into another person, into animals (birds, animals, insects, fish), into plants (into oak, rose, baobab), into objects of inanimate nature (stone, wind, pencil). This is the richest material for new fairy tales.

But the most important thing in this technique is the cultivation of empathy - the ability to transform into a different image and look at the world through his eyes.

Suggest at least 10 examples of human transformation, for example in fairy tales.

6. Anthropomorphism.

Anthropomorphism is the assimilation of a person, endowing with human properties (speech, thinking, the ability to feel) any objects - animate and inanimate: animals, plants, celestial bodies, mythical creatures.

Have you seen anywhere in the world
Are you a young princess?
I am her fiancé. - my brother,
- The clear moon answers, -
I did not see the red maiden ...

Here Pushkin endowed the month with the ability to see, recognize, condole and speak.

Recall 10 examples of anthropomorphism from fairy tales, myths and fables that you know and come up with at least 10 examples of possible anthropomorphism yourself.

7. Giving objects of inanimate nature the abilities and qualities of living beings.

Namely: the ability to move, think, feel, breathe, grow, rejoice, multiply, joke, smile.

The boy sits astride a stick and imagines her as a horse and himself as a rider.
What living creature would you turn a balloon into?

Think of at least 10 examples of such transformations.

8. Giving extraordinary properties to objects of inanimate nature.

For example, stone. It glows, always warm (never cools down!), you can warm your hands in the cold, makes the water sweet and healing, but does not dissolve itself.

Contemplation of the stone inspires to write poetry and draw, etc.

Here is a good game for the development of fantasy. Children (or adults) stand in a circle. One is given a soft toy or a ball in his hands and is asked to throw it to someone with warm words: “I give you a hare”, or “Yurochka, I give you a goat, his horns have not yet grown”, or “Hold, Masha, a large candy”, or “I give you a piece of my heart”, “I give you a squirrel”, “This is a glass ball, do not break it”, “This is a cactus, do not prick.”

9. Revival of dead people, animals, plants.

For example:

What would happen if brontosaurs were resurrected?
What else would Pushkin have created if he had not passed away so early?
You can "revive" all kinds of extinct animals and people!

Suggest 10 options for such a game.

10. Revival of dead heroes of literary works, in particular, heroes of fairy tales.

- Did the character of the fairy tale die? It doesn't matter, you need to draw it and it will come to life.

Come up with continuations of fairy tales, provided that the heroes of the fairy tale did not die. The fox didn't eat the bun, Ruslan didn't cut off Chernomor's beard, The tin soldier didn't melt, Onegin didn't kill Lensky.

Suggest 10 options for such a game.

11. Revival of the heroes of art paintings and sculptures.

The characters of paintings by famous artists came to life - barge haulers, hunters, Cossacks, archers.

Name 10 paintings by famous artists and suggest a continuation of the plot, provided that the characters come to life.

12. Change in the usual relationship between the heroes of fairy tales.

Recall the following situations: a pike sings a lullaby (“Pike opens his mouth”); "The Gray Wolf serves her faithfully"; Brave Bunny; cowardly lion.

Come up with a fairy tale with such an incredible plot: the Fox has become the most rustic in the forest, and all the animals deceive her.

13. Metaphor.

Metaphor is the transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon) to another on the basis of a feature common to both objects. For example, “talking waves”, “cold look”. Here is an excerpt composed of some metaphors:

On the thread of idle fun
He lowered with a cunning hand
Transparent flattery necklace
And the golden rosary of wisdom.
A. S. Pushkin

Name the metaphors and ask the children to explain which properties are transferred and to whom.
Soft character. Cheeks are burning. Drowned in twos. Keep in tight grip. Turned green with anger. Steel muscles. iron character. bronze body.

14. Give a new name to the painting.

The child is shown a lot of plot pictures, postcards or reproductions of famous artists and is asked to give them new names. Compare who named better: a child or an artist. The basis for the name can be a plot, mood, deep meaning, etc.

Give 10 new names of old famous paintings.

15. Fantastic association.

A fantastic, that is, an incredible idea, can be obtained by combining the properties or parts of two or three objects. For example, fish + man = mermaid, horse + man = centaur. Who are the sirens? The same pair of objects can give different ideas depending on the combined qualities.

Give 10 examples of combinations of unexpected qualities of various real creatures.

16. Fantastic crushing.

Remember the plot of the wonderful novel "The Twelve Chairs" or the plot of Svetlov's fairy tale about a man named Rubl, who fell from the fifteenth floor and broke into ten kopecks. Each penny has its own destiny. One hryvnia was exchanged for kopecks, another became a big boss and looked more important than the ruble, the third began to multiply.

Come up with a fairy tale on a similar plot. For example, an orange shattered into slices, a pomegranate crumbled into 365 seeds (exactly 365 seeds in any pomegranate, check), the fate of the pea sisters from one pod.

17. "How lucky I am."

How lucky I am, says the sunflower, I look like the sun.
How lucky I am, says the potato, I feed people.
How lucky I am, - says the birch, - they make fragrant brooms out of me.

Come up with 10 options for such a game.

18. Reception acceleration - deceleration.

You can speed up or slow down the speed of any process. To direct the fantasy in this direction, ask questions like: “What will happen if”, “What will happen if”.

- What will happen if the Earth begins to rotate 24 times faster? The day will last 1 hour. For 1 hour you need to have time to sleep, have breakfast, go to school (for 15 minutes), have lunch, do homework (for 3-4 minutes), take a walk, have dinner.

What will happen if the seasons last 100 years? (Then people who were born at the beginning of winter would never see green grass, flowers, river floods) Task. Suggest three or four plots related to the indicated technique.

19. Acceleration and deceleration of time.

Themes of fantasy stories.

Situation 1. You have invented a chronodyne - a device with which you can change the speed of time and the speed of processes in time at will. You can speed up any processes or slow them down.

Situation 2. It was not you who invented the chronodyne, but someone else, and this other, unexpectedly for you, at will, changes the speed of the processes in which you participate.

The lesson lasts either 40 minutes, or 4 minutes, or 4 hours, and all this is unpredictable for the teacher and students. Started eating cake, and time sped up 1000 times! It's a shame! How to live in such a world?

Situation 3. You invented a chrono-tour (a tour is a movement in a circle) - a device with which you can repeat events, rejuvenate and age people, animals, objects, machines many times.

Who would you rejuvenate and by how many years?
What period of your life would you like to live again?

Exercise. Suggest some stories using the given techniques.

20. Time machine.

You have a time machine! You get into it and you can travel to the near and far past of any country, to the near and far future of any country, and be there at any time. But you can't change anything there, you can only look. While you are in the past or in the future, life on Earth proceeds according to its usual laws.

“Home option”: sitting at home, you look into the “Mirror of Time” or mentally take pictures with the “Camera of Time” or “Cinema Camera of Time” or “Magic Eye”. Name the place and time and, please, the image is ready.

What would you like to see in the past?
- What were your mother and grandmother like when they were the same age as I am now?
How did dinosaurs live?
- I would like to meet and talk with Pushkin, with Napoleon, with Socrates, with Magellan.
- What would you like to see in the future?
— Who will I be? How many children will I have?
- Talk to your future son.

Here is an incredible situation. A message was sent from Earth to a distant star. Intelligent beings live on this star, they have a time machine. They sent a reply, but they made a mistake, and the reply came to Earth before the message was sent.

Exercise. Suggest 10 stories related to the time machine effect.

21. Chronoclasm.

This is a paradox caused by interference with a previous life. Someone moved into the past and changed something there, and then returned, but on Earth everything is different. To encourage fantasizing in this direction, questions such as:

What would happen now if something had happened differently in the past, or if something had not happened at all?
- What would have to be changed in the past so that what happened did not happen?

For example:

- I lost my keys. It doesn't matter, I return to the past and do not take the keys with me.
- What would have happened if there had not been a coup in 1917?

What can be changed in the past? Everything can be changed in the past! The actions of people, the phenomena of animate and inanimate nature, the surroundings.

Chronoclasm, time machine, chrono-tour, chronodyne are wonderful devices for fantasizing, they provide an inexhaustible number of plots.

Exercise. Suggest some crazy stories for these techniques.
(I went to look for a bride in the past. I found out why the brontosaurs became extinct.)

22. The method of L. N. Tolstoy.

They write that L. N. Tolstoy regularly used the following method every morning as morning exercises of the mind.

Take the most common object: a chair, a table, a pillow, a book. Describe this object in the words of a person who has never seen it before and does not know what it is and why.

For example, what would an Australian native say about watches?

Exercise. Write some item descriptions for the Aboriginal.

23. Free fantasy.

Children are offered to fantasize uncontrollably on a given topic, using any fantasy techniques and any combination of them. Unlike solving some serious problem, you can offer any ideas, even the most crazy ones.

Come up with a fantastic plant.

- All known fruits grow simultaneously on one plant: apples, pears, oranges, avocados, pineapples, mangoes, coconuts.

- All known fruits and vegetables grow on one plant (tomatoes and potatoes, tobacco can be made from leaves, painkillers and “beauty products” can be obtained. In principle, this is possible, since tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco, belladonna (in Italian - "beautiful lady") belong to the same family - nightshade.

— Known and unknown fruits, vegetables and nuts grow on the same plant.

- Amazing watermelon: marmalade inside, and instead of seeds - candy. This is also possible, only you need to water it with sweet water and honey.

- Objects of animate and inanimate nature grow on the same tree.

The flower is made of chocolate and never fades no matter how much you eat it.

24. Come up with a fantastic building.

The building of the future: everything is visible from the inside to the outside, but nothing is visible from the outside to the inside. A creature (a person, a dog ..) with intentions harmful to the owner of the house cannot enter the building.

What qualities should a house have if the weight and size of the owner changes 10 times every hour?

25. Come up with a new mode of transport.

Invention Ideas:

- A meson-gravitational-electromagnetic beam is directed at a person, which splits a person into atoms, remember their mutual position, transfer it by atom to the right place and collect it there in the same order. (Think about the situation: the program for assembling a person went bad, but they didn’t notice it! How did they assemble a person? And what if they mixed up the atoms of several people?)

- Synthetic transport, combining the advantages of all known modes of transport: the speed of a rocket, the luxury of a high-class cabin of an ocean liner, the all-weather ability of an aircraft to study lightning, the uselessness of helicopter landing and take-off areas, the healthfulness of horse transport.

- The road surface is wavy or triangular in shape. Invent a wheel so that it does not shake on such a road. It will also be an invention!

26. Come up with a new holiday or contest.

- Festival of flowers. All have flowers painted on their cheeks. On this day, you can only speak the Chinese language of flowers.

- The festival of the arrival of swallows.

- Feast of the first mosquito.

Fantasy Contest. Two teams are participating. Each team offers different tasks to the other team: a) a topic for a humorous story of 5 phrases; b) an object for composing a riddle (table, fork, TV); c) the beginning of the story. For example. "My friend Keith invited me on a trip around the world"; d) some method of fantasizing is offered. It is necessary, using this technique, to come up with an incredible story.

27. Come up with a dramatic plot.

- Mom spoiled her daughter beyond measure. What happened to mother and daughter?

- A man got lost, accidentally found a house abandoned by hunters and lived there for 7 years. How did he live there? What did he eat, what did he wear? .. (After five years, he forgot how to speak, etc.)

28. Come up with a new fantasy game.

To come up with a new unprecedented game, you need to come up with incredible conditions and rules for this game.

— Chess pieces are made of chocolate; won an opponent's piece and you can immediately eat it.

- The game "Edible Checkers". They do become edible, but only after they have been fairly won. Think about what special properties a won king and a locked checker will have?

— Cylindrical drafts and chess. The board is folded into a cylinder so that the fields a1, a2, a3, etc. are next to the fields h1, h2, h3, respectively. The verticals become the generators of the cylinder.

- Checkers Lobachevsky. The board is mentally folded into a fantastic figure - at the same time, both the sides and the sides facing the players are closed. The generators are verticals and horizontals at the same time.

- Super chess. Instead of chess pieces - cubes. On the faces of each die there are images of six figures, except for the king. Once per game, you can change the status of the piece (turn the die), unexpectedly for the opponent.

29. Magical fulfillment of one's own desires and materialization of thoughts.

You have become a powerful wizard. It is enough to think - and any, but only good, your desire is fulfilled. You, for example, can make anyone happy. But if you have planned something bad for another, then it will happen to you.

Here's a goodwill test.

Tell the children that for an hour they can do anything, good or bad, to people. Check out what the kids want to do? Good or evil?

The robbers caught a worthy man and want to kill him. Suggest at least 10 ways to save him (make him invisible, freeze robbers).

30. You began to have the gift of telepathy.

Telepathy is the transmission of thoughts and feelings over a distance without the mediation of the senses. You can even not only read the thoughts of other people, but also mentally force people to do what you want. How are you using this gift?

31. Method of Nadya Rusheva.

Here is another wonderful way to develop imagination and drawing skills. This is a well-known universal method, which was owned by the brilliant girl Nadya Rusheva.

By the age of 16, she had read with a felt-tip pen or a pen in her hand the books of more than fifty writers, from ancient to modern: Homer, Shakespeare, Pushkin, Lermontov, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Exupery, Bulgakov and painted, painted, painted. Reading, fantasizing and drawing. This helped her to achieve lightness, sophistication and "soaring" lines in her drawings. During her seventeen-year life, she created ten thousand wonderful drawings! Being engaged in ballet as a child, she knew how much work this “lightness of soaring” is achieved. This wonderful, but not popular way is called: diligence and perseverance!

32. Method "RVS".

RVS is an abbreviation of three words: size, weight, cost.

It should be noted that the RVS method is a special case of the more general “decrease-increase” method, when any characteristics of the system can be changed from zero to infinity, and not just dimensions, weight or cost. For example, speed, quantity, quality, force of friction, force of thinking, force of memory, firm profit, number, salaries. Such mental experiments “blur” the usual idea of ​​the system being improved, make it “soft”, changeable, and provide an opportunity to look at the problem from an unusual angle.

The RVS method is based on the dialectical principle of the transition of quantitative changes into qualitative ones. This method is also called the “monster test method”, or the “limiting transition method”, or the “contradiction amplification method”.

The RVS method develops fantasy and imagination very well, and also allows you to overcome the mental inertia of thinking. We must remember that we are conducting a thought experiment, where everything is possible, and not a practical one, when the inexorable laws of nature operate.

There is also the “super-RVS” method, when limit transitions of several characteristics are viewed simultaneously. Such "hit on the subcortex" can carve something non-standard. For example, what will happen to the system if the system has the minimum cost, but the maximum size and weight, etc. Of course, the use of the RVS method must be learned.

33. Method of transferring properties.

Let us consider a very cheerful, mischievous and very simple (for those who know how to fantasize) method of endowing ordinary objects with properties that are completely unusual for them, taken, however, from ordinary objects. In science, this method is called the method of focal objects.

The algorithm is very simple.

The first step: some object is selected that they want to improve or give it completely unusual properties. For children, it can be a toy, a doll, a ball, a notebook, a textbook, a class magazine, an animal, a plant, or a person. This will be the so-called focal object. For example, let's choose a Barbie doll as the focal object. It seems that she is already the limit of fiction in the class of dolls. Let's see what happens.

Second step: choose some random objects. For example: an electric light bulb, a balloon, a TV set.

The third step: for these random objects, a list of their characteristic properties, functions and features is compiled.

Light bulb - glows, warm, transparent, burns out, turns on the power grid.
Balloon - flies, inflates, does not sink, bounces.
TV - shows, speaks, sings, has control knobs.

Fourth step: the formulated properties are transferred to the focal object.
So what will happen? Let's fantasize and especially not care about the real possibility of realizing what we have imagined. Go:

The doll glows from the inside with a matte milky pink light. The room is dark, but it glows. It's good: you won't lose it and you can even read it!

The doll is always pleasantly warm, as if alive. You can take it outside and warm your hands. You can put bird eggs next to a warm doll and chicks or chickens will hatch from them. You can lean against the aquarium - and the doll will heat the water for the fish.

She is transparent. You can see how her heart beats, blood flows through the vessels, you can study anatomy.

Burns out. Clearly, she needs to have spare parts: a set of arms, legs, heads, dresses. Doll constructor.

Now let's see what ideas the balloon will give us.

Flying doll. Angel doll with wings. A swan doll, a dragonfly, a parachutist, a flying squirrel or a bat, she has beautiful transparent membranes from her fingertips to her toes.

Inflatable doll. You can make a slim or fat Barbie, you can make a flat one for carrying. When the head is inflated separately, the facial expression changes. With an inflated doll, you can play in the bath, learn to swim.

What does the comparison with the TV give.

Let the doll show morning exercises, aerobics, yoga asanas every morning.
Let her scream indignantly when they begin to break her or quarrel in front of her.

You can use a combination of properties. As a rule, among the absurdities come across original ideas that trial and error will not give.

The Focal Object Method is an excellent method for developing imagination, associative thinking, and serious invention.

Proposals developing the method.

Children really like it when they put themselves in focus. It is a lot of fun to improve clothes, such as stockings, tights, boots.
You can pre-define the feature class in the second step.
The method can be used to come up with the design of shops, exhibitions, gifts.

Before starting the idea generation session, you can think with the children what is good and bad for the chosen focal object, who is good and who is bad, why it is good and why it is bad, etc. And then start fantasizing.

The best ideas are to be commended.

34. A combination of techniques.

The "aerobatics" of fantasizing is the use of many techniques simultaneously or sequentially. They used one technique and to what happened, they add a new technique. This leads very far from the initial object and where it will lead is completely unknown. Very interesting, try it. But this is only possible for a boldly thinking person.

Exercise. Take some fabulous object (Pinocchio, Kolobok) and apply 5-10 fantasy tricks to it in sequence. What will happen?

35. Beautiful ancient fantasies with transformations.

As examples of magnificent fantasy, let us recall the myths of the ancient Greeks and Romans, in which people turn into plants.

The beautiful young man Cypress accidentally killed his pet deer. He begged the silver-bowed Apollo to let him be sad forever, and Apollo turned him into a slender cypress tree. Since then, cypress has been considered a sad grave tree.

Another beautiful young man, Narcissus, had a different fate. According to one version, Narcissus saw his reflection in the river, fell in love with him and died of self-love. The gods turned it into a fragrant flower. According to another version, Narcissus dared not to return the love of a woman, and, at the request of other women rejected by men, he was turned into a flower. According to another version of this myth, Narcissus had a dearly beloved twin sister. The sister died unexpectedly. The yearning Narcissus saw his reflection in the stream, thought that it was his sister, looked at his reflection for a long time and died of grief. According to the fourth version, seeing his reflection in the river and falling in love with him, Narcissus realized the hopelessness of this love and stabbed himself. From the drops of Narcissus' blood grew flowers named after him.

Great examples of fantasy. One version is prettier than the other. Try and you offer your no less dramatic or touching versions of Narcissus.

Legend of Daphne. Pursued by Apollo in love with her, the young nymph Daphne prayed for help to the gods and was turned into a laurel, which became the sacred tree of Apollo. Since then, the winners of musical (musical) competitions in honor of Apollo have been awarded a laurel wreath. In ancient art, Daphne (Daphnia) was depicted at the moment when, overtaken by Apollo, she turns (sprouts) into a laurel.

The desperate young man Phaethon failed to cope with the horses of the solar team of his father, the sun god Helios, for which he was struck by Zeus's lightning. The Heliades, Phaethon's sisters, mourned the death of their brother so bitterly that the gods turned them into poplars, whose leaves always make a sad noise. Heliad's tears became amber.