Safe protection of plants from diseases and pests in July and August. Jacaranda - features of care and cultivation in room conditions Lilac tree

It is from the Bignoniaceae family. This is a plant with very delicate leaves, resembling a fern in appearance.

It comes from Argentina (as well as Bolivia, Brazil), but currently it grows in all areas with a warm, humid climate.

Jacarandas are charming blue or blue-violet bell-shaped flowers.

The beauty of this evergreen tree lies in the fact that, approximately, from October to December, namely during this period, it pleases its flowering, its branches are covered with a bluish or lilac cloud of flowers. True, there are some species of this plant that have white, yellow and even purple flowers. Jacaranda tree, giving beauty and bringing good luck

In the homeland of the jacaranda (South America), it is often called a fern tree because of the great similarity in the shape of the leaves. In a couple of years, provided that there is everything necessary for normal growth, this plant can grow up to two meters in height. During its long life, the jacaranda can grow up to 30 meters.

In some countries, this tree is so loved by everyone that it can be found on almost every street. Thousands of simultaneously flowering trees can envelop the city in a bluish haze, and lay a magical purple carpet under your feet. Where jacaranda blooms, the air is saturated with warmth and romanticism. Many believe that it can bring good luck. This is probably why many families plant this wonderful plant in the yard after the birth of a child.

Today, jacaranda can be found not only in South America, but also in Mexico, the USA, Israel, India and other countries where it is no less popular. This plant is used not only for landscaping the streets, but also for the production of lumber, but in Brazil, for example, beautiful acoustic guitars are made from jacaranda.

The second homeland of the jacaranda is Australia, because there it is very common and very significant for Australians: 1) Every year, the Jacaranda Festival is held in the city of Grafton. This plant symbolizes the arrival of spring and, therefore, the idea of the festival is a meeting of spring (held in October) 2) It is customary for Australians to plant jacaranda after the birth of a child. And at the beginning of the 20th century, in some cities they even officially gave out a seedling in the maternity hospital. 3) Australian students call this tree the examination tree. (they have October-November the end of the school year, the beginning of exams). There is a sign - if a jacaranda panicle falls on their head, then this means that the exams will be successful. Students also call this tree "Lilac Panic". If the jacaranda has not yet bloomed, then it means that it is too early to prepare for exams. And if it has already bloomed, then it's too late.

Jacaranda blooms very abundantly at the end of spring, in November-December (in Argentina, summer officially begins on December 22 - according to the solar, and not according to the decree calendar to which we are accustomed). During this period, almost leafless crowns of trees are completely covered with bright purple flowers, and the streets, avenides and squares of Buenos Aires are strewn with millions of showered flowers, forming a solid purple carpet under the trees. Stunning beauty and ..... a lot of positive emotions. Repeated flowering - in late summer-autumn (March) is not so plentiful. Separate rare inflorescences are practically lost in the green foliage.

Inflorescences paniculate, large, drooping, often with more than three to five dozen purple-bluish flowers with a very small 5-toothed calyx and a slightly curved bell-shaped corolla, about 4.5-5 cm long, and a 5-petal limb, slightly pubescent on the outside

In addition to being decorative as a living plant, mimosole jacaranda and other large trees of the genus have a very valuable dense heartwood, highly valued in the world, and known as rosewood, used for the production of expensive furniture, luxury items in the form of carved and inlaid metal products, as well as for making musical instruments. The core of the wood, when polished, acquires a beautiful brown color with a purple tint. For the fragrance, and not just for the color of the flowers, the jacaranda was also known earlier as the "violet tree".

The name of the tree Jakanda (jakanda) is Portuguese and translates as "Hard heart". There are many legends and traditions associated with jacaranda. There is a legend that came from the Amazon, where the jacaranda comes from, which claims that it is a tree of wisdom and many knowledge. Perhaps this legend really has a basis, since the Jacaranda is a favorite tree in the landscapes around universities and schools.

The very same legend is. One day, a beautiful bird (male) named Mitu with silver plumage flew in from the south and brought a beautiful native priestess, who was called "Daughter of the Moon". Mitu landed on the top of the Jacaranda tree, and the priestess descended and lived among the people for some time. She shared with them knowledge and wisdom on how to distinguish good from evil. Then it was time to leave the people and Mitu flew to the top of the jacaranda tree, taking the priestess adorned with jacaranda flowers from the people. Having taken her for her betrothed - the Son of the Sun, who carried out the same mission on the other side of the jungle ...

Perhaps this legend is about events that really took place, since a bird named Mitu (Mitu-Mitu as it is called by the natives of the Amazon River Selva), the Latin name - Alagoas Curassow, existed. The last unconfirmed data refers to the 1980s and it is now believed that the bird has disappeared. Another tree story comes from Africa. The Jacaranda creates a magnificent shade in the summer and this shade serves as a gathering place for the tribe. Elders gather in the shade of the jacaranda during flowering and administer justice. Therefore, when choosing a topic for the first story, it was difficult for me to resist the temptation to talk about a tree that is associated with knowledge, truth and justice, and has a hard and strong heart and beautiful colors. Well, the belief that if at least one jacaranda flower falls on the head passing under a tree, then luck and success will accompany all endeavors, finally determined the theme of the first story.

On the wet banks of rivers in the tropics of Brazil and South America, an unusually beautiful tree grows - jacaranda. It is a plant from the Bignoniaceae family. They say it brings good luck. Often in the house where the child was born, the locals plant a jacaranda, the so-called violet tree.

In Australia, the flowering period of jacaranda falls on October-November. This time coincides with the end of the school year, the beginning of exams for schoolchildren and students. In this regard, residents call it - examination. A flowering panicle that has fallen on the head will bring good luck to the one going to the exam.

Rosewood evergreen tree of medium or large size, valued not only for its decorative effect, but also for its wood. There are about fifty species of this plant.

At home, these trees grow up to 30 meters in height. Its unusual aroma, reminiscent of honey, fills the air during the flowering period. The lush crown of jacaranda is formed by fern-like leaves. Twice a year, the places where the jacaranda grows are shrouded in a blue haze. Surrounding fascinates blooming jacaranda.

The bark of the tree varies from red to chocolate with a purple hue. The wood is used to make musical instruments and furniture.

Having such an original appearance, the jacaranda received several more names: fern tree, violet tree or rose tree.

In Russia, this plant does not grow in nature. At home, an exotic beauty is grown in large spacious rooms and only a few species, moreover, only young plants.

White, purple, blue or lilac flowers, 30 or more pieces, collected in panicle inflorescences. The length of the leaves reaches 40-50 cm.

After flowering, pods-fruits appear, also arranged in clusters of brushes. The pods contain lionfish seeds.

Species and varieties

In nature, there are more than 50 species of violet trees and shrubs. But only two species are cultivated for keeping in room conditions: mimosolous jacaranda and jacaranda jasmine-like or fluffy (jacaranda tomentosa).

Jacaranda fluffy (felt)

At home, in South America, its height can reach 15 meters. Complex pinnate leaves are collected from 8 lobes. The flowers of the jasmine-shaped jacaranda are smaller, collected in paniculate inflorescences. Shades range from golden to purple. At home, young specimens are grown, as, growing up, the plant loses its attractiveness.

Jacaranda mimosifolia jacaranda mimosifolia

Other names - Jacaranda round-leaved or oval-leaved (Jacaranda ovalifolia). On the banks of the rivers of Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia, it grows in the same way as the previous species. Height 15-20 meters, although in room conditions it reaches only 2-3 meters. The leaves resemble leaf plates of mimosa, very large, pinnate, placed oppositely far from each other. Elongated in shape, with pointed tops.

It blooms very profusely and amicably with blue or purple flowers. Paniculate inflorescences are collected from buds 5 cm long and 3 cm in diameter.

This type of plant is the only one that can be grown at home. Mimosole jacaranda has two varieties for growing at home - Delta and Magdalena.

Magdalena

The variety is classified as a fast growing plant. In room conditions, it reaches a height of no more than 3 meters. The leaves, like those of all its relatives, are pinnate, compound, unpaired. Painted in light green colors. It is very difficult to achieve flowering, it can bloom only in the open ground of greenhouses or greenhouses. From the pot, the plant should be transplanted into open soil after the plant reaches 2 meters.

Often used in offices, shops.

Delta

Jacaranda delta is a deciduous ornamental plant for growing indoors. The leaves are fern-shaped, very beautiful, openwork, of a delicate light green hue, grow up to 45 cm in length. With proper care and location, the plant reaches 2 meters.

Looks great in well-lit offices, lobbies and lobbies.

Care

Like any southern inhabitant, indoor jacaranda requires bright lighting, constant watering and leaf spraying. It is more expedient to place a flower pot on the western or eastern windows. Care for jacaranda during the flowering period is slightly different.

Plant care at home

Watering and humidity

The soil should not dry out completely. Watering is carried out regularly. During dormancy and leaf change, watering is carried out after the top layer of the earth has dried. Water should be used settled, soft.

Humidity is also a necessity for the comfortable existence of a flower. Therefore, you should often spray the foliage. It is advisable to place the container with the plant on a tray with water.

Temperature

The heat-loving jacaranda feels most comfortable at a temperature of +22 ... +24 C. During the dormant period, from November to February, when the plant drops its leaves, the air temperature can be lowered to +17 ... +19 C. At temperatures below + 15, the plant may die .

top dressing

One of the features of the rosewood tree is its rapid growth. As you know, mineral fertilizers stimulate plant growth, so to contain it, it is enough to feed indoor jacaranda once every 3 weeks. In autumn, winter and when leaves fall, feeding should be stopped. Fertilizers are purchased in specialized stores. It is advisable to alternate mineral fertilizers with organic ones.

pruning

Diseases and pests

In apartment conditions, jacaranda can be attacked by: aphids, whiteflies, scale insects and spider mites.

The small whitefly midge lets you know about its appearance by green larvae on the underside of the leaves. They suck the juice from the plant, which provokes yellowing and fall of the foliage. Insecticides applied twice a week help in the fight against them, it is advisable to collect the larvae by hand.

Aphids also damage the leaves and cause them to curl. Aphids and young shoots are damaged. Damaged leaves and young ones become sticky. If the plant is not badly damaged, you can get by with a soapy solution, otherwise, Fitoverm, Deris are used.

When defeated spider mite the thinnest cobweb appears on the underside of the leaf. The main reason for the appearance of a tick is a lack of humidity in the air. Jacaranda is treated with insectoacaricides, air humidity is maintained in the room, leaves are sprayed.

If the tree is not given proper attention, it can get sick.

Dry air, soil, cold and drafts will cause the leaves to curl and turn yellow.
Soil deficient in iron, sulfur and zinc can lead to leaf chlorosis.
Soil drainage is required, do not get carried away with overflow - this leads to rotting of the roots.

Transplant and reproduction

When growing jacaranda, it is important to remember that the plant itself will let you know when it is time to change the container. As soon as the roots completely fill the pot, it's time for the plant to change its place of residence.

Transfer

Untimely transplantation can affect the growth of the plant. Transplant the tree in the spring. We choose a container 2-3 cm wider in diameter than the previous one. We lay out the bottom with drainage, the soil can be prepared independently. To do this, mix:

leaf ground - 4 parts;
humus - 2 parts;
peat - 2 parts;
soddy soil - 2 parts;
sand - 1 part.

We take out the jacaranda roots along with an earthy clod and place them in a new prepared pot. We fill the free space with an earthen mixture. We do not deepen the root system.
After planting, the plant is watered and left alone for several days.

Reproduction methods

At home, jacaranda is propagated in two ways: cuttings and seeds.
Cuttings are carried out from spring to mid-summer. Small cuttings 6-8 cm long are freed from the lower foliage, placed in a heteroauxin solution for a day, rooted in a soil mixture of peat and sand. 3-4 cuttings are planted in one container. It is desirable to maintain the soil temperature + 23 ... + 25 degrees.

Growing jacaranda from seeds

Jacaranda from seeds is grown in the spring in mini greenhouses. The growing process is quite troublesome. Seeds wrapped in a damp cloth are kept in a warm place for a day. In the prepared greenhouses, the seeds are deepened by no more than 1 cm, watered. Once a day, ventilation is necessary, lasting 10-15 minutes. The temperature for seedlings should be at least +22 degrees. The first shoots appear after 14-20 days. When sprouts appear, increase lighting. Young seedlings, one at a time, are planted in small, no more than 7 cm in diameter, pots.

The flowering of a plant grown from seeds can wait until the age of seven.

Jacaranda, or violet tree, is an amazingly beautiful plant, a representative of the Bignoniev family. The most favorable conditions for it are the zone of tropical and subtropical climate. The homeland of the jacaranda is considered to be South America, Brazil, distributed on the banks of the rivers of Bolivia and other countries with a minimum temperature not lower than +7°C. The appearance of delightful lilac flowers on a tree indicates the arrival of spring in Mexico and Zimbabwe. Only mimosole jacaranda is suitable for growing at home, but it blooms very rarely.

What does a violet tree look like?

Trees with an even, smooth trunk, a wide voluminous crown, gray bark, which slightly shades red on young branches, grows up to 30 m in nature. Large leaves of complex shape up to half a meter look like a fern. Lilac-purple flowers with a mild honey aroma resemble bells or tubules about 5 cm long, united in inflorescences.

Jacaranda blooms twice a year, especially magnificently in spring and autumn. You can admire such a delightful spectacle for two months. Flowering ends with the formation of dry, dense to the touch brownish fruits of a rounded shape, inside which are black seeds.

violet tree in nature

An elegant plant with fluffy leaves blooms extremely rarely under room conditions and grows about 1 m tall. Sometimes it reaches 2-3 m, if you follow all the rules for growing and provide a favorable environment. For indoor living, only mimosole jacaranda is suitable, which is valued for its openwork leaves of an unusual shape.

In its homeland, violet wood is used to create expensive luxury furniture, luxurious interior items, and decorative elements inlaid with precious metal and stones. Due to its excellent strength, ease of polishing, it is suitable for the manufacture of musical instruments, flooring, carpentry. In alternative medicine of native lands, flowers and ripened fruits are used to prepare a decoction that has no contraindications and side effects for the treatment of intestinal infections.

Jacaranda is an ornamental plant. In countries with favorable weather conditions, it is planted to decorate the park area, squares, streets, hotel lobbies, florists often use it to compose flower arrangements.

How to grow a violet tree from seeds

If you want to grow memosolous jacaranda at home, keep in mind that she loves warmth. A window on the east or west side with bright diffused light will do. Putting the plant in the sun, draft, in a cool, damp room is highly undesirable.

Attention! Direct sunlight throughout the day can cause jacaranda leaves to burn, they will begin to dry and crumble.

Under room conditions, the shoots of jacaranda are rather thin with openwork leaves, they stand almost horizontally, they are very reminiscent of a fern. It is recommended to soak the seeds in water for a couple of hours before planting. Loose soft soil with a high content of peat fertilizers is best suited for planting, but it is acceptable to use a universal mixture that is sold in any flower shop. At the bottom of the pot it is necessary to lay a layer of drainage. The soil can be prepared independently, adhering to the following ratio:

sod land - 2 kg;
sand - 1 kg;
humus - 1 kg;
peat - 1 kg.

violet tree seeds

For seeds, a small hole is made 1 cm deep, sprinkled with earth a little on top. You can speed up the germination process by building a mini greenhouse for your jacaranda. The pot is covered with glass or film on top, placed in a warm place with a temperature of at least 20 ° C.

Attention! Do not forget to ventilate regularly for at least 10-15 minutes and moisten the ground by spraying.

Seed packages indicate a germination time of 2 to 4 weeks, in practice this usually happens faster. In spring and summer, the most suitable temperature is between 22-25°C, in winter - 16-18°C. When it is too cool, there is not enough light, the plant sheds its leaves. There is no need to worry about this, with the advent of spring, the jacaranda will renew its appearance.

Features of caring for mimosole jacaranda

The violet tree is completely unpretentious, requires a minimum of care. It should be watered with soft, settled water, moderately in spring and summer, in winter - when the earth in the pot begins to dry out. Bulky foliage needs regular spraying from a sprayer. Frequent application of organic fertilizers in small portions from mid-spring to the end of summer will ensure rapid growth of the plant. Fertilizing with mineral mixtures without calcium has a beneficial effect on the development of mimosolous jacaranda.

Flowering at home is very difficult to achieve. It is believed that if after 7-8 years after planting the seeds the tree has not bloomed, it is better to stop hoping for it. In any case, the plant itself is very beautiful.

jacaranda sprout

Reproduction is possible by seeds and cuttings. Mature hard shoots are treated with special phytohormones that stimulate active growth, for example:

Kornevin - cream-colored powder, a small amount is used in dry form, suitable for dipping the end of the cutting during transplantation for better rooting or rapid root development.
Heteroauxin - the main plant hormone that promotes active metabolism, prevents rapid leaf fall. According to the instructions for the preparation, a working solution is prepared, the plant is treated to accelerate the formation of the root system, in case of damage, the earth is watered around the trunk.

In the season of rapid growth, in spring and summer, cuttings are planted 2-4 pieces in pots with prepared soil.

Jacaranda diseases

When growing a violet tree, you may encounter such problems:

Yellowing and curling of the leaves - most likely due to poor watering and dry air, low temperatures, drafts. In addition, the condition of the jacaranda may indicate the appearance of pests. Therefore, it is necessary to increase watering, room temperature, treat with insecticides.
Leaf chlorosis - weak watering, an excess of lime in the soil, a lack of iron, sulfur, zinc, magnesium. The plant grows poorly, the leaves turn yellow. To eliminate the problem, the land is taken for analysis and the content of the elements is adjusted.

Root rot - occurs due to lack of or poor-quality drainage, excessive soil moisture, its poor aeration.
Spider mite - appears in a dry room, transmitted from infected plants. It is recommended to treat the shoots with special insecticides, regularly spray the violet tree with clean, settled water.

Careful proper care of mimosole jacaranda and the creation of favorable conditions for it contributes to the growth of a healthy beautiful plant. Perhaps one day she will delight you with her delightful lilac flowers.

Cultivation of jacaranda: video

Jacaranda: photo

(another name is a tree) belongs to the Bignoniaceae family. This plant has about 50 species. It is an evergreen large or medium-sized trees, with opposite leaves. Panicle inflorescences consist of tubular, five-membered, bisexual, which have a blue or purple hue. In this article, we will talk about where the jacaranda tree grows in natural conditions and consider everything about it, as well as discuss the conditions for growing at home.

Where does it grow naturally

Jacaranda is also native to the subtropical zones of America. It grows in Argentina, Mexico, India, Italy, in countries where the air temperature is never below +7°C. And also found on the banks of the rivers of Brazil, Bolivia.

In Zimbabwe and Mexico, the bloom of the jacaranda symbolizes the coming. This tree not only decorates the streets, but also has high-quality wood.

Optimal conditions for growing indoors

Important!It is not worth pouring a tree much, and it is also impossible to allow the soil to completely dry out.

When the jacaranda changes its leaves (winter-spring), it is slightly reduced. It is recommended to use distilled water.

This tree is from the tropics, so it needs high humidity. Violet tree is best placed on a tray with water and or expanded clay. And daily plants are also recommended, using water slightly above room temperature.

Soil and fertilizer

An exotic tree is fed during the warm period (spring-autumn) once every three weeks. administered in small doses. They use special and for this, introducing them in turn. During the period of leaf change and in winter, the plant does not need top dressing.

pruning

In order for the crown to be beautiful and compact, the jacaranda should be cut in spring, pinching the ends of the shoots.

Transplant rules

Young trees are transplanted every year, and grown plants - in the case when the root system fills the entire pot.

Important!If the tree is not transplanted in time, it will slow down in growth.

Steps for transplanting jacaranda:

Did you know?In Australia, jacaranda is considered a symbol of new life. Everyone who has a baby is planting this tree in their area.

Difficulties in growing: diseases and pests

violet tree steadily to diseases and pests. But still, aphids, whiteflies can appear on it.

It feeds on the shoots and leaves of the plant. They curl up and turn yellow. If you do not destroy it in time, then this pest can eat all the foliage. can be recognized due to the green larvae that are on the back of the leaves. These pests suck the sap of the plant. The consequence of this is yellowed twisted leaves, which later fall off. It is best to deal with these pests, such as Agravertin.

If the tree is not properly cared for, diseases can occur. If the soil is not sufficiently moistened, then chlorosis develops - the shoots are greatly elongated, and the leaves become rare. Eliminate the disease by correct and spraying with iron chelate.

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