Business plan furniture shop. Furniture business - take it and do it! How to set up a furniture shop

Dmitry Kuprienko, an experienced entrepreneur in the furniture industry, shares practical advice on how to start and organize a furniture manufacturing business, what you need to organize your first workshop, how to rise from scratch and where to start in this business.

Many firms that started their business with the manufacture of cabinet furniture in small workshops a few years ago became quite successful and expanded their business. Today, some of these organizations, in addition to the production of kitchens, wardrobes and other interior items, provide a number of other services to the population. Usually it is sawing chipboard and making facades from MDF according to customer sizes, pasting the ends of PVC parts and melamine edges, assembling doors from aluminum profiles and selling furniture fittings with accessories.

With some experience and basic knowledge in this area, you can organize your own small business, which has every chance of success. Moreover, you will not need any serious investments and the presence of large production areas at the initial stage. With a skillful approach, rational use of earned funds and a certain amount of luck, you can literally have a decent income in 1-2 years.

How to start a furniture manufacturing business?

Kuprienko Dmitry(author of the material) - has been manufacturing custom-made cabinet furniture for more than ten years:

"The presence of a huge number of players in this market segment should not stop you. In any business, as elsewhere, the evolutionary process never stops - someone goes bankrupt, and a more efficient entrepreneur takes his place"

Since, as already noted, starting a small business for the production of cabinet furniture does not imply large cash costs, there can be no talk of any expensive advertising campaigns and other promotions. Finding your customers can be much easier and cheaper. It is enough to order business cards and distribute them to everyone you can, or publish a few ads in special newspapers.

Also try to negotiate with small hardware stores for cooperation, since the chances of finding a customer in such a place are quite high. Renovators often plan to purchase new furniture as well. If you can convince the owners of these outlets that they will benefit from a certain percentage of your orders, then customers will soon appear.

In addition to traditional methods, you need to start preparing your website or blog, since every year more and more orders, especially in large and medium-sized cities, are received by craftsmen via the Internet. Of course, promoting such your own virtual store will require financial and material costs from you, but not everything is done at once. Gradually developing the main production, in parallel, engage in the development of an Internet resource, which, under a successful set of circumstances, will provide you with many orders - the dream of all entrepreneurs without exception.

How to choose the right material supplier?

Sufficiently high competition in this sector forces firms providing this kind of services to pursue approximately the same financial policy. Therefore, choosing an organization based only on prices will be fundamentally wrong. Some may sell some products cheaper than competitors, while others - more expensive, as a result, the average cost of components for the production of furniture will be approximately the same everywhere. Naturally, we are talking about the same level of quality, since materials and accessories from different manufacturers have different prices.

The maximum possible range of goods and services offered by the organization to its customers. In such a place, you should be able to buy almost everything you need without spending extra time and money on trips to other stores for some small change. Moreover, it is highly desirable that the components be sold in different price categories, since customers have an unequal income level, and not everyone will be able to pay for expensive elite materials, and some only need these. Therefore, you should have the freedom of choice in one place.

No less important are the terms of execution of your orders and the discounts that are provided to regular customers. Duplicate the information received from the company's employees with experienced clients. It is from them that you can learn important nuances.

The location of the organization plays a significant role, it is better to start working with a company that is located as close as possible to your workshop. Voyages across the city, with the current traffic congestion during the daytime, take up a lot of precious time.

The territory should have convenient access to the workshops and properly equipped platforms for loading parts into your vehicles. It's good when in such places there are canopies that guarantee the safety of parts in any bad weather.

Search for premises and purchase of equipment

For the manufacture of cabinet furniture at the initial stage, you will need a room with an area of \u200b\u200babout 20-25 square meters, it will be good if it turns out to be one large room. Please note that a small warehouse will be located here for both recently imported blanks and finished products. In the same room, it will be necessary to drill and process parts, as well as assemble furniture, so choosing a room of less than 20 squares is not recommended.

In addition, pay attention to the possibility of maintaining the temperature in it at the level of 10-15 degrees in the autumn-winter period. Immediately calculate how much it will cost you. Sometimes cheap rent is completely offset by expensive heating. There was no need to remind at all that the room should be dry, since this is one of the main conditions, and by neglecting it, you risk a lot.

Confidence in the safety of all property is also important, because over time, if the business develops successfully, components and equipment worth several thousand dollars can be simultaneously located in the workshop. Do not forget here about ensuring convenient loading of finished furniture and unloading of imported parts with fittings.

When buying equipment, many cannot decide on the class of hand-held power tools. There are very opposite opinions on this matter: some people prefer to buy inexpensive goods and change them as needed, others work only with expensive products of world famous brands.

There is also a tool that is in the middle price range, and here it is, perhaps, worth choosing at the very beginning. In addition to production needs, it is always useful for other things. In order for you not to have any problems during the execution of orders, you must have in your arsenal:

Electric drill - 2000 rubles;
Cordless screwdriver - 2500 rubles;
A cordless screwdriver - 2000 rubles;
Electric jigsaw - 2200 rubles;
Manual milling cutter - 2500 rubles;
Grinding machine - 2500 rubles;
Electric end saw - 7000 rubles;
Industrial hair dryer - 1600 rubles;
Perforator - 2200 rubles.
A set of cutting tools: drills, cutters, knives and crowns - 3000 rubles;
A standard set of hand tools for a home master - 1000 rubles;
Clamps - 1000 rubles;
Miter box - 800 rubles.

Over time, as you gain more experience and save money to develop your production, you will acquire more sophisticated equipment that provides a higher level of production. In the meantime, it is quite possible to get by with what is listed in this section, since this is quite enough to produce cabinet furniture from finished parts. Your costs when purchasing the mentioned instrument will be about 30 thousand rubles, and prices may deviate in both directions by about 20%.

Software

No, we are not talking about expensive CNC machines, but only about two programs that can greatly facilitate your work at the furniture design stages and when ordering chipboard cutting. One way or another, but you will have to do this anyway, until things are going well that allow you to hire an employee for this purpose. Without the use of software, this entire process will take a lot of time and effort, and errors in calculations are also possible. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to very simple and useful programs:

PRO 100- a program created for the design and construction of furniture. With its help, you can easily carry out both the visualization of an object and the calculation of the parts necessary for assembly. To date, there are several versions of PRO 100, as the program is constantly being improved. The latest development allows you to create quite realistic 3D pictures.

Cutting- a program whose purpose is to assist in compiling the best option for cutting sheets of chipboard and MDF. Using it, you will quickly find out how much material is needed for the manufacture of a particular product, and you will also be able to minimize unclaimed waste. Cutting saves both time and money.

In addition, it is desirable to have a laptop. Your future work is associated with frequent visits to housing, offices and other facilities where measurements will be made. Almost all customers in this case are childishly impatient, they want to immediately see what their furniture looks like. With a laptop and PRO 100, you can render in 45-70 minutes. By the way, this greatly increases your chances of getting an order.

Prospects for the development of the furniture business

Following our recommendations and setting aside part of the money earned for business development, you will be able to reach a new quality level within 2-3 years. In the process of fulfilling orders, acquaintances are made with construction teams, since repairmen and furniture makers, in fact, are inseparable. Such connections, like the Internet project, will allow you to increase the number of customers and increase your income.

An important factor that guarantees success of undertakings, is the constant expansion of the production base, both in terms of increasing space and purchasing new equipment.

From the first days of work you will dream of panel saw and edge banding machines. They provide independence, allow you to quickly correct errors on the spot and save money.

But you can’t rush to buy them, many craftsmen, applying ahead of time to a bank or private individuals for a loan to purchase them, incorrectly assessed their capabilities and subsequently suffered losses. Therefore, it is better to make such serious purchases with your own money or borrow a small amount.

Expensive machines justify themselves only with the appropriate volumes of processed material, only then they are effective.

Their cost is approximately:

Panel saw (made in China) - about 200,000 rubles.
Curvilinear edge banding machine (made in Russia, China) - about 50,000 rubles.

There is equipment and a little cheaper, and much more expensive than the given prices. But even familiarization with the average cost of machines, which are usually purchased for small workshops, is enough to avoid making impulsive decisions. Without a carefully calibrated business plan, which is confirmed by an increase in the number of orders, you should not start this event. Just as undesirable for effective development may be a delay in such a purchase. You will simply waste money and time.

Furniture manufacturing has always been considered a promising occupation, especially in our country, since a huge percentage of the population still exploits old sets and dreams of new ones. People who bought a kitchen, closet or hallway about 5-8 years ago are already starting to think about replacing them, so furniture makers will always be with work. You just need to organize it correctly.

New business idea: Production of fences and railings for private households under the Lego Fence franchise (novelty, lack of competition, high demand even in current market conditions).

It is difficult to imagine a comfortable and cozy home without furniture. Opening a business in the furniture industry, with proper preparation and taking into account all the nuances, can bring considerable profit. In the article, we will consider a furniture production business plan with calculations from scratch, how to open and not burn out.

Business plan for furniture production

The furniture business exists in two versions: the sale of manufactured furniture or the production of its own. Often, businessmen start with sales, and then, having studied the specifics of consumer requests, open their own production. In this line of work, you will need furniture business plan.

We will make the calculation for a furniture workshop that produces cabinet furniture in the middle price segment. This includes kitchens, office furniture, cabinets, etc. The organization of the enterprise will be carried out according to the principle of an incomplete cycle: suppliers will prepare raw materials, and the company will produce ready-made panels for assembly using the developed drawings. For an additional advantage in the formation of pricing policy and a shorter payback period, own funds will be used at the start of the project.

Before drawing up a business plan, it is important to carefully study the market - suppliers, consumers, competitors. The volume of furniture production in the Russian Federation, according to the Association of Furniture and Woodworking Industries, is distributed as follows:

Office furniture - 23%;
Cabinet furniture (sets, hallways, suites) - 25%;
Kitchens - 22%;
Bedrooms - 13%;
Upholstered furniture - 17%.

The range of domestic furniture presented is distributed according to the following parameters:

Functional purpose: cabinet furniture for lying or sitting: armchairs, chairs, deck chairs, beds, sofas, etc.; for storage: chests of drawers, cabinets, cabinets, shelves; for work and eating: desks, dining tables, coffee tables, etc.
Constructivity: non-separable, sectional, universal-prefabricated (it can be repeatedly disassembled and assembled), built-in, bent, transformable, wicker.
Materials: made of wood materials and wood, plastics, metal.

Planned assortment

We will preliminarily compile a list of the range of our products (the data will change as demand is studied):

Facades for kitchens, kitchens;
Cabinets, cabinets, drawers, shelves, chairs, dining tables, stools;
Office furniture - shelves, computer tables, filing cabinets.

Target group

End consumers (wholesale) - hotels, restaurants, large government agencies, office centers, etc.
End consumers (retail) are business people with average incomes who update furniture every 2-3 years.
Intermediaries - design studios, specialized stores of interior items, furniture.

Furniture production business plan: marketing organization

Ways to sell products:

Through his office, which is also a showroom.
Using a network of stores, concluding partnership agreements with them (including also stores from other regions and CIS countries).
Direct sales to government agencies, hotels, large private firms, using mailing lists and calls through the database of potential customers.

Advertising

Your own website on the Internet, its creation and promotion, weekly updating of the catalog, sending news to regular subscribers - contributes to the geographical expansion of the circle of consumers.
Placement of advertising blocks in interior and design publications, furniture magazines and other specialized press.
Placement of advertising banners on Internet resources of similar subjects.

Required documents

In terms of taxation and work with legal entities, it would be preferable to register an enterprise in the form of a limited liability company.

Documents for registration of LLC:

Information about the name of the company - should be associated with its field of activity.
Agreement on the establishment of an LLC with a decision to open;
Statutory documents with a list of activities and the size of the authorized capital of at least 10,000 rubles (paid in money or property - office furniture, office equipment, etc.).
Data of the director and chief accountant - a copy of the passport, identification number, contact phone number, address.
Documents on payment of state duty.
Details of the bank where the current account is opened.

Production plan

Business plan for furniture production includes one of its most important parts - the production plan. Production will be arranged according to the principles of an incomplete cycle. Running models of cabinets, prefabricated cabinets, kitchens, tables and other cabinet furniture will be produced according to the configuration and required dimensions. Processing of purchased ready-made chipboard and MDF boards under the given patterns is envisaged. The furniture is delivered to the consumer and assembled on site.

Requirements for the premises

It will take 2 rooms: for the production of furniture and for receiving customers. It is desirable that they be located close to each other. The premises have different functionality, so the requirements for them are different:

The area of the production premises is not less than 500-600 m², you need a heated spacious room on the ground floor, the possibility of arranging storage space and installing equipment, an equipped entrance with a platform for unloading materials and raw materials and shipping finished products.
Accessibility for the client is important for the office. Preferably its location in the center of commercial and business activity, on the ground floor, with an equipped showroom for displaying product samples. Area - 50-60 m². Be sure to have communications and cosmetic repairs.

Equipment

List of equipment for the production of cabinet furniture parts:

Machine tools controlled by computer programs for the manufacture and modeling of furniture - "Astra-Furniture Designer", "Astra-Cutting".
Milling machine.
Electric jigsaw.
Lathe.
Some small tools.

Staff

List of employees with special skills and knowledge:

Shop workers - 5-7 people. Requirements: experience on the main types of furniture machines for processing chipboard and MDF boards.
Production master - 1 person. Bears financial responsibility for machines, raw materials and materials. Requirements: knowledge of the features of the production processes of assembly and manufacture of cabinet furniture, experience in organizational work.
Driver - 1 person.

Raw material suppliers

Raw materials for use in production are chipboards (chipboards), MDF boards. You will need domestic or foreign suppliers of plates, consumables (glue, paint, coatings, hinges, handles, drawer guides, hinges, locks, fasteners, etc.).

Requirements for suppliers: the company's reputation, availability of certificates, delivery, the possibility of deliveries with deferred payment. The search for suppliers is carried out in specialized publications, on the Internet, several offers are selected and compared.

Financial plan

To calculate the business plan for the production of furniture, we take into account all the initial costs for launching and promoting the project, fixed costs, and compare with cash receipts. We analyze the main financial indicators: profitability, size of investments, payback period of the project.

Initial costs:

Purchase of equipment - 1,000,000 rubles;
Company registration - 30,000-40,000 rubles;
Purchase of consumables - 150,000 rubles.

Total for the launch of the project - 1200000 rubles.

Type of borrowed funds - own, borrowed. In the second case, additional costs for interest on the loan are taken into account. With an average interest rate of 22-25% per year, the profitability of production is required at least 30-35%. The payback period depends on the profit after paying all taxes, interest on loans and other costs.

We will consider the option of own funds to start production.

Variable costs (per month):

Salary of workers - 100,000 rubles;
Raw materials and materials - 150,000 rubles.

Fixed costs (per month):

Salary for office workers - 20,000 rubles.
Rent of premises - 50,000 rubles.
Advertising costs - 10,000 rubles.

The planned sales revenue is expected to be about 400,000 rubles per month. Intensive promotion will contribute to the growth of revenue per year by 20%.

Taking into account 30% profitability, the monthly income will be 150,000 rubles. Monthly fixed costs - 80,000 rubles. Profit after deducting fees, taxes and costs - 70,000 rubles. In case of profitability of 30%, the payback period will be 14 months.

Business risk analysis

The main risks include the smuggling of cheap low-quality furniture from China and Poland. Such furniture is short-lived and can be harmful to health.

It is possible to conduct a furniture business in several ways: to sell furniture made by someone, to conduct your own production, or to work simultaneously in these two areas. Most often, entrepreneurs seek to open their own workshop for the manufacture of cabinet furniture.

The concept of cabinet furniture covers products that are installed along the walls, which have many drawers. These include:

cabinets;
cabinets;
walls;
racks;
tables.

Business Organization Issues

Since the manufacture of cabinet furniture will require close cooperation with large companies (customers and suppliers), it is necessary to register an LLC. Taxes should be paid according to the general system. So you can work with retail buyers.

To register your workshop, you need to provide the following documents to the registration department:

the charter, which will indicate the types of activities of the company, the authorized capital;
receipt of payment of state duty;
details of the settlement account of the enterprise, as well as the account to which the authorized capital will be credited;
information about the accountant, director;
minutes of the meeting of founders, at which a decision was made to open an enterprise;
enterprise name.

The types of activity of the enterprise (OKVED) must be selected as follows: 36.12, 36.13, 36.14, 51.47.11, 52.44.1, 52.44.5, 52.61.2.

The furniture shop in the production of cabinet furniture should be guided by GOST 26800.4-86; GOST 28136-89; GOST 13025.1-85; GOST 28105-89; GOST 19882-91; GOST 16371-93.

Market analysis

Before drawing up a business plan for the production of furniture, you need to find out the situation on the market and the demand for such items. According to official statistics, the production of cabinet furniture occupies 25% of the market. At the same time, little attention is paid to brands, they are more focused on the quality of the products made.

The first thing that interests the consumer is the price. Then he is interested in what the furniture is made of, how high quality it is. The next selection criterion is design. And only then pay attention to the brand. Based on these data, we can say that the furniture business will be successful if you focus on the quality of manufactured products.

The target audience

older shoppers exchanging old furniture for new ones;
young people who buy it for the first time.

Most often, people are interested in kitchens and walls.

You can sell products through several channels:

office centers, enterprises, hotels, other institutions;
retail clients;
intermediaries (studios, designers, shops, etc.).

Raw materials for production

For the manufacture of cabinet furniture, wood, MFD or chipboard are used. Often a combination of these materials is used. The most convenient option is the use of chipboard (double-sided laminated chipboard). In this case, the purchase order will always be completed on time - they are produced in sufficient quantities domestically, abroad. This allows you to find a supplier on the most favorable terms. In addition, the use of such raw materials helps to reduce the cost and speed up production - there is no need to carry out lining.

It is necessary that the chipboard comply with GOST 10632-89, and the fiberboard, which is placed on the back walls, with GOST 4598-86.

Production technology options

Any order can be executed according to the following technological chains:

short, when only assembly is performed to order - the most profitable option for opening a workshop from scratch. For this, MDF, chipboard, and chipboard sheets cut to order are purchased. This allows you to allocate funds for cutting equipment only when the client base is built up, permanent orders are organized;
medium, when the furniture shop works only with MDF, chipboard, chipboard, cutting them to order and assembling products;
a full production cycle, when the production of raw materials for the furniture workshop is added.

Equipment in the production workshop

In general, at least 424 thousand rubles should be allocated for special equipment. They will go to the main and auxiliary equipment:

Basic equipment

Auxiliary equipment

Software for work

If you are engaged in the production of medium or small cycle, you do not need to buy expensive machines. But you still have to do the design. And it is better not to do it manually, as the probability of errors is high. There are several special computer programs that allow you to accurately, in detail, visually draw up a project of any furniture.

For example, using the PRO-100 program, you can create 3D images by fitting them into a drawn interior. Thus, you can see in advance how the furniture will look at home. The cutting program will show the ideal cutting option and the amount of material needed. Having a laptop with installed programs, you can go to the order and demonstrate the planned results of work to customers right on the spot. This increases the likelihood of a deal.

room

The workshop must meet the following requirements:

Located on the first floor.
Have the necessary communications in place.
Have a 380 watt industrial power grid.
Have loading docks and good access roads.
Be dry and well ventilated.

In total, you need to buy or rent a room of at least 500 m2. It should be divided into three main parts:

workshop for production - 350 m2;
showroom and office - 50 m2;
a warehouse in which raw materials and finished products will be stored - 100 m2.

If the premises are rented, you will need about 120,000 rubles. per month.

Staff

For the manufacture of products to order, it is enough to work in one shift. You will need approximately 12 staff members (thousand rubles/month):

2 auxiliary workers - 24;
5 workers in the workshop with special knowledge - 100;
production master - 30;
designer-designer - 25;
manager - 20;
accountant - 35;
director - 40.

About 377 thousand rubles per month will be spent on salaries, including taxes.

Ways of implementation

As already mentioned, you can not only make furniture to order, but also sell products in several ways:

through our own warehouse store;
dealer networks;
direct deliveries to large institutions.

But in any case, you will need an extensive advertising campaign. Without it, it is difficult to get at least one order. To do this, you can use specialized media, create and promote your web page, post banners and advertisements. At least 60 thousand rubles should be allocated for this per month.

Calculation of the cost of goods

The cost of production is calculated based on the following items of expenditure:

depreciation;
the salary;
consumption of materials;
advertising;
electricity;
rent.

The consumption of materials can be carried out based on the following data:

Name	unit of measurement	Price, rub.)
Chipboard 16 mm	sq. m	95
Chipboard 12 mm	sq. m	95
Fiberboard 3.2 mm	sq. m	23
Edge material	running meter	1,6
Packing (cardboard)	sq. m	0,40
accessories	set	156
Cutting tool	set	7 800
fasteners	set	52
Electricity	kWh	0,45

The total cost of production will be (rubles):

tables - 188 143;
pedestals - 178,947;
cabinets - 205 240;
racks - 179 803.

They can sell about 100 items of each item per month with a 25% markup. Net profit per month will be 150,426 rubles. With investments of 1.177 million rubles. and the production of 400 pieces of furniture per month, the project will pay off in 8 months.

In this article:

Upholstered furniture occupies about 15% of the entire furniture market, and its production is quite an attractive niche, especially for small and medium-sized businesses.

What is the reason for such popularity?

First, the manufacture of upholstered furniture is increasingly gaining form "manufacturing to order". If it is difficult for private entrepreneurs to compete with large enterprises for the production of cabinet furniture and solid wood products, then it is quite realistic for the production of small batches of upholstered furniture (of course, in terms of profitability of the business, and not its volumes - here the factories are out of competition).

Secondly - Most of the work in production is done by hand. and therefore no expensive equipment is required.

Thirdly - small business adapts more flexibly to fashion trends and changing consumer tastes. If it takes about three months for a factory to reconfigure a new model, a small business can refocus in a matter of days. Various wood materials, as well as upholstery, exotic colors, masterful imitations of expensive fabrics - on such “bricks” of exclusivity, an experienced entrepreneur can build a profitable business with the prospect of further expansion.

What is "upholstered furniture"?

In fact, there is no such term in any standard or normative and technical documentation. There is furniture designed for sitting and lying, which include:

sofa,
armchair,
chair,
couch,
couch,
bench,
deck chair.

Many of the above types of furniture can be both hard and soft seated (such as the same sofa or chair), and they all fall into the category of seating and lying furniture. But in the "unrecognized", but well-known variety upholstered furniture- only items with softness elements: springs, pillows, various fillers.

Market analysis of upholstered furniture

An assessment of consumer demand shows that wealthy buyers purchase new sofas and armchairs at least once every 3-4 years. But at the same time, 60% of the domestic upholstered furniture market is occupied by products of the middle price range, and premium class furniture - only 13%. This is due to the fact that buyers of expensive furniture prefer branded imported products.

The trends of today's upholstered furniture market are as follows:

Most entrepreneurs prefer to work on individual orders, production "on stream" is gradually becoming obsolete. The buyer is not interested in a product that can be found in every third furniture store - today the originality of design plays a leading role, which is sometimes inferior even to operational properties (a typical example is white upholstered furniture or sofas with silk upholstery);
For the successful operation of the production of upholstered furniture, sufficiently large working capital is needed (with a relatively low cost of production equipment). They are needed for the purchase and storage of a large assortment and quantity of fabrics, other upholstery material for quick order fulfillment. This is because it is not always possible to withdraw money from circulation - funds can be frozen in the form of finished products for the period of the furniture “off season”;
According to the experience of existing manufacturers, sales through stores show the following result: out of 1000 pieces put up for sale, about 200-250 are sold.
You should count on the sale of goods in the region in which the production workshop is located - most upholstered furniture products (primarily sofas) cannot be transported disassembled. Delivery to remote regions will be expensive, which will significantly affect the competitiveness and sale price of the product (which is why there are practically no imported furniture in the low and medium price range in Russia - it is profitable to supply only premium class products).
Our compatriots traditionally prefer upholstered furniture with transforming mechanisms(in the West, the situation is opposite - the sofas for the living room do not fold out). The most popular transformer models: eurobook and dolphin.

Technological process of production of upholstered furniture

Consider the production of sofas

Consider, for example, the manufacture of the most popular and technologically complex representative of the category "upholstered furniture" - sofa. Unlike armchairs, chairs and other furniture, it is supposed to use a transforming mechanism that turns the sofa into a bed.

So, all sofas have a common component structure:

frame - the main structural element on which the rest of the sofa is attached. It performs the main strength functions in the operation of furniture, is the basis for fastening the remaining parts when shaping the appearance and giving softness;
elements of "elasticity" (soft fillers and spring blocks);
transformation mechanism;
cover with upholstery fabric.

Manufacturing technology:

1) In the carpentry shop, plywood and boards are sawn into wooden blanks, which are assembled here in the frame of future upholstered furniture.

Procurement operations go through the following stages:

On a trimming machine, lumber (plywood) is cut to length;
On a circular saw, plywood is cut in width;
The resulting part is ground on a four-sided machine, after which the tenoning machine cuts out spikes and eyes in it;
Using a hand-held power tool, internal parts are cut out of boards (fiberboard, chipboard);
The transformation mechanism is attached (for folding sofas);
The base frame is assembled.

2) Finished frames go to the upholstery shop, where they are glued with foam rubber and fired with upholstery. To begin with, a special non-woven material is glued onto a wooden base - darnite. This helps to avoid knocks and squeaks during the operation of the finished product.

3) Softness elements are installed - spring blocks that perform orthopedic function. Blocks are fixed evenly around the entire perimeter and in the central part

4) Along the perimeter of the block glued foam, which eliminates the possibility of contact with a solid frame frame

5) On top of the spring block glued dense woven material, which prevents the block springs from abrasion of the overlying layer of gasket material.

6) Most often used as a gasket material spangon, foam rubber or coconut coir.

Spangon and foam rubber(secondary foaming) is a cheaper option, but after a year or two of active operation, such a sofa begins to “sag” and fail.

coconut coir- a more rigid and durable material that will last about 7-8 years.

7) After the cushioning material, there is another element of softness - foam rubber 40 mm high, density - 35-42. Between the foam rubber and the upholstery, it is necessary to install a synthetic winterizer, which will allow the foam rubber to “breathe”

8) The sewing workshop uses equipment to work with any kind of finish - from faux fur to genuine leather. Here, the upholstery fabric for future sofas is cut, which is “shooted” to the multilayer base in the upholstery shop.

9) Here sew covers for certain elements of upholstered furniture(pillows, backrests, armrests, seats). They are “dressed” on a base frame with a glued soft filler - foam rubber, padding polyester.

10) After the control assembly and finishing, the product is packed using polyethylene, cardboard and sent to the warehouse of finished products.

Business plan for opening an enterprise for the production of upholstered furniture

1) Legal form of the enterprise

To start the production of upholstered furniture ( for example - sofas) it was decided to organize an enterprise with the legal form of ownership of LLC on the general taxation system.

For the manufacture of upholstered furniture and its subsequent sale, the charter must indicate the following OKVED activity codes:

36.14 - Manufacture of other furniture,
51.47.11 Wholesale of furniture,
52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture.

2) Certification and GOST

The production of upholstered furniture does not require a license, but in order for the product to receive a quality certificate, the manufacturing technology must comply with the following GOSTs:

19917-93 Furniture for sitting and lying. Specifications.
16371-93 Furniture. General specifications.
21640-91 Furniture for sitting and lying. soft elements. Method for determining softness.
19120-93 Furniture for sitting and lying. Sofa beds, sofas, chair beds, lounge chairs, couches, ottomans, benches, banquettes. Test methods.
13025.2-85 Household furniture. Functional dimensions of furniture for sitting and lying.

3) Necessary equipment for launching the production of upholstered furniture

For the operation of the production workshop, it is necessary to purchase the following equipment:

Combined machine KSM 1A for woodworking - 20,000 rubles;
Multi-saw edger TsDK-5 - 31,800 rubles;
Lathe - 8500 rubles;
Trimming machine (TsKB-40) - 21,000 rubles;
Circular saw - 19,900 rubles;
Grinding (four-sided) machine - 38,000 rubles;
Milling machine with tenon-cutting carriage - 14,800 rubles;
Drying equipment - 11,000 rubles;
Pneumatic clamps - 4,500 rubles;
Hand power tools (drills, hammers, screwdrivers) - 10,000 rubles;
Cutting tables (2 pieces) - 8000 rubles;
Sewing machine class 1022 - 5800 rubles;
Sighting pistols: 2 pneumatic steppers for attaching fabric - 2500 rubles. and a pneumatic gun for attaching spring blocks - 1300 rubles;
Cutting tool (scissors, knives) - 2000 rubles;
Measuring and marking materials (rulers, goniometers, folding rules, etc.) - 500 rubles.

Total: 199,600 rubles.

For the operation of the office and warehouse, it is planned to purchase auxiliary equipment:

Office equipment (computer, laptop, printer, modeling program - "furniture designer");
Office furniture (tables, chairs, safe, exhibition stands);
Warehouse furniture (tables, chairs, closed and open shelving).

Total - 88,000 rubles.

Total fixed assets: 287,600 rubles.

4) Premises for the production workshop

To accommodate an enterprise for the production of upholstered furniture, it was decided to rent a production workshop with an area of 450 m 2 at a price of 180 rubles / m 2. The basic requirements for the premises are standard for a workshop for the manufacture of any wooden furniture: three-phase electricity, humidity control, availability of access roads, heating and other communications.

The room will be divided as follows:

material warehouse (with a compartment for drying boards) - 50 m 2;
carpentry shop - 80 m 2;
sewing and upholstery shop - 70 m 2;
assembly and packing shop - 50 m 2;
warehouse for finished products - 100 m 2;
office - 30 m 2;
exhibition hall - 70 m2

Total: rental price per month: 450 m 2 * 180 rubles = 81,000 rubles.

5) Personnel for upholstered furniture enterprise

director - 30,000 rubles;
accountant - 15,000 rubles;
designer-acceptor of orders - 15,000 rubles;
sales manager - 15,000 rubles;
production master - 20,000 rubles;
2 workers in the carpentry shop (joiners-assemblers) - 30,000 rubles;
seamstress-cutter - 10,000 rubles;
a worker in an upholstery shop - 15,000 rubles;
2 auxiliary workers - 16,000 rubles.

Salary Fund: 166,000 rubles / month.

6) Production plan

At the initial stage, it is planned to manufacture 100 sofas per month. In the future, the number of products will increase in accordance with custom agreements, and the assortment range will be replenished with folding chairs and furniture sets (sofa + 2 chairs).

Having studied the sales prices and types of sofas of similar designs in the shops of the region, it was decided to focus on the original tapestry fabric with multi-color embroidery, which will suit any interior.

7) Calculation of the consumption of materials and raw materials

Calculation of the consumption of materials and raw materials for the manufacture of a unit of production (soft sofa):

plywood - 1 m 2 * 59 rubles = 59 rubles;
edged board - 0.08 m 3 * 600 rubles = 48 rubles;
Fiberboard - 2 sheets * 70 rubles = 140 rubles;
nails - 0.7 kg * 12 rubles = 8.40 rubles;
bolts - 0.5 kg * 20 rubles = 10 rubles;
screws - 0.2 kg * 20 rubles = 4 rubles;
tapestry - 8.4 running meters * 220 rubles = 1848 rubles;
threads - 0.1b * 6 rubles = 0.60 rubles;
glue - 0.2 kg * 15 rubles = 3 rubles;
cardboard - 2 kg * 12 rubles = 24 rubles;
polyethylene - 13 m 2 * 9 = 117 rubles;
foam rubber - 0.3 kg * 45 rubles = 13.50;
batting - 4 p.m. * 28 rubles = 112 rubles;
accessories - 30 rubles;
pillows - 6 pieces * 80 rubles = 480 rubles;
fabric 1 m * 90 rubles = 90 rubles.

Total: 2987.50 RUB

8) Calculation of other material costs:

advertising costs - 30,000 rubles;
payment for water supply - 82.23 m3 * 5.3 rubles = 440.00 rubles;
electricity - 2191 kW / h * 0.25 rubles = 547.75 rubles;
production runoff - 61.9 m 3 * 20 rubles = 1238 rubles;
heating - 4.099 Gcal * 102.47 rubles = 420.02 rubles;
payment for security and alarm - 1700 rubles;
telephone and Internet - 3100 rubles;
payroll taxes - 62,250 rubles;
depreciation - 14,380 rubles.

Total: 114,075.77 rubles / month.

9) Cost and sale price

Cost calculation for 1 product = (Material costs for 1 product + labor costs + other costs) / quantity of products

Cost price \u003d (2987.5 rubles * 100 pieces + 166,000 rubles + 114,075.77 rubles) / 100 pieces \u003d 5788.26 rubles.

Selling price \u003d cost of 1 product + profit margin (25%) \u003d 7235.33 rubles

10) Calculation of the projected net profit and payback period for the production of upholstered furniture

Monthly revenue - 100 pieces * 7235.33 rubles = 723,533 rubles;

Costs per month (material + salary + other costs) = 2987.5 rubles * 100 pieces + 166,000 rubles + 114,075.77 rubles = 578,825.77 rubles

Income taxes - (Revenue - Costs) * 20% \u003d 28,941.45 rubles.

Net profit (Revenue - Costs - Taxes) = 115,765.78 rubles

Profitability of production - 25%

ROI = Net Income / Capital Costs = 4 Months

On the modern Russian market, the production of cabinet furniture occupies a quarter of the entire furniture production. Small and medium-sized businesses consider this industry profitable and profitable - the demand for quality products is stable. Consider how much investment is required to organize your own furniture workshop, how difficult it is to lead the market and whether it is worth it for novice entrepreneurs to try themselves in this area.

Demand for cabinet furniture is currently very high. In general, it is always quite high, but at present, the growth of interest is due to the revival of the new housing market.

When buying a new apartment or repairing an old one, the acquisition of new cabinet furniture is almost inevitable. This is the basis of any interior.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made of solid modules, installed and fastened horizontally and vertically. This variety includes:

cabinets;
buffets;
headsets;
storage areas;
racks, "walls", shelves, bedside tables;
dining and writing tables.

At the same time, in modern conditions, one cannot complain about the lack of supply. Both small workshops and huge corporations actively sell their furniture. The furniture manufacturing business exists in a highly competitive environment.- this is the main reason for the closure of most start-ups. Therefore, before trying to realize yourself in this area, it is worth drawing up a business plan, analyzing costs and taking into account all the pros and cons.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made from solid modules.

What materials are cabinet furniture made of?

How to start a furniture business from scratch? First you need to find out what modern cabinet furniture is made of. The most common material is chipboard (chipboard) or medium density wood panel (MDF). Solid wood furniture is less common: it costs significantly more, so the demand for it is lower.

Chipboard furniture is much cheaper, as it is made, in fact, from glued wood shavings. Modern methods of decorating allow you to give it a more expensive and solid look, while maintaining a low cost.

If you are planning to start the production of cabinet furniture from chipboard, you definitely need a reliable supplier of materials who will provide you with blanks for work at the right time and in the required volume. It is better to conclude a supply contract with a chipboard manufacturer, rather than purchase materials on demand yourself.

As for related fittings and other materials, it is also necessary to conclude contracts with reliable counterparties for their supply in order to avoid a situation where it is impossible to fulfill an order in due time due to lack of components.

How cabinet furniture is made

Before you start compiling a list of the necessary equipment and other costs for your enterprise, it is important to get at least a general idea of the technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. Simplified, it can be described as the following cycle:

Preparation of the product design, determination of the shape and size of the components
modules.
Production of modules in accordance with the product design.
Mounting hole preparation.
Section processing (film, veneer, laminated edge).
Collection of the finished product.

Any workshop for the production of furniture reproduces this technological cycle in one way or another. Its minor changes depend on the equipment available at the enterprise, production optimization, qualification skills of employees.

The speed and comfort of work depend on the quality of machines and other equipment.

What equipment is required for your own furniture production

Now consider what equipment for the production of furniture is necessary for a start-up enterprise. First of all, these are different types of machines for furniture production:

Format cutting. With the help of this machine, modules of the desired size and shape are created from chipboard blanks. They allow you to cut panels horizontally and vertically, as well as at an angle without chipping, with exact observance of the required dimensions. Such machines are divided into varieties depending on the technology of feeding the workpiece: manual, semi-automatic and fully automated.
For small productions, manual ones are suitable - they allow you to serve the required volume and at the same time are cheaper. With the enlargement of the enterprise and the transition to mass production, it is reasonable to replace them with semi-automatic or automatic machines. The price of such machines starts from 200 thousand rubles.
Edge banding. The name of this machine speaks directly about its function - processing the edges of the product. Several options for processing cuts are possible: gluing a decorative film, melamine edge tape, installing veneer or wooden slats. For a new such car, you will have to spend at least 600 thousand rubles, for a used one - about 300 thousand.
Drilling and filler. Required for mounting hinges and mounting holes. The cost of such a machine starts from 300 thousand rubles.

In addition to machine tools, a modern furniture workshop should be equipped with:

Grinding machine - for polishing workpieces or finished products. From 2 thousand rubles, but for production purposes it is better to consider options from 10 thousand rubles.
Screwdrivers. There should be several of them, as each employee needs them. The purchase of screwdrivers will have to spend from 30 to 50 thousand rubles.
Perforator. From 10 to 20 thousand rubles.
Knives, drills and other cutting tools, about 20 thousand rubles.

Thus, only 1,200,000 - 1,500,000 rubles will have to be spent on equipment for making furniture and related tools. You can save money in several ways. For example, to purchase used equipment or to start leasing it.

When buying machines, new or used, carefully consider all associated warranties. A good sign would be the availability of warranty service. Read customer reviews first. The quality of machine tools and other equipment determines the speed and comfort of work, and hence the quantity and quality of products.

Where to open a furniture production

The production of cabinet furniture for business purposes requires quite a lot of space. Conventionally, the entire space can be divided into zones:

storage of blanks;
installed machines/workplaces;
collection and processing of finished products;
storage of finished cabinet furniture.

For a small enterprise, an area of \u200b\u200babout 100 square meters is required. It is better to rent it in the industrial part of the city: it will cost much less. Make sure that the rented premises have convenient access roads for the delivery of materials and workpieces, as well as loading finished products. The cost of renting a room varies significantly depending on the region, but on average it will cost 100-200 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise, an area of \u200b\u200babout 100 square meters is required.

How furniture manufacturers work

The majority of furniture manufacturers, especially small businesses, prefer to make and assemble products to order. This approach is beneficial for both parties: buyers receive furniture of the right size, color and configuration, and the manufacturer spends exactly as many resources as necessary and does not work at a loss.

With this approach, one sample is made, which is exhibited in the store with an indication that the copy for sale will be made taking into account the wishes of the client. The main thing with this approach is to produce furniture quickly enough and offer customers the maximum number of options.

Whom to hire

The basis of the furniture enterprise will be workers, mainly carpenters, whose task is to directly manufacture samples and products to order. The number of workers depends on the volume of production, for a small workshop, 2-4 people are enough.

A sales manager is needed to find channels for selling products, interact with customers and collect orders. This specialist negotiates with furniture stores, looking for customers in reality or via the Internet. May act as a marketer and work on the company's sales strategies. The purchasing manager performs the reverse work - looking for suppliers, ensuring the timely supply of components for production.

It is very good if it is possible to hire a furniture and interior designer (albeit at half the rate) who will design sample designs and recommend diversified solutions for customers.

When an enterprise assembles furniture according to the customer's measurements, an employee is needed who takes orders and, if necessary, travels to the place and takes measurements (for example, for the manufacture of cabinets, "walls", kitchen sets and shelving). This function can be taken over by a designer or a sales manager.

Advantages and disadvantages of the cabinet furniture business

How profitable would such a business be? Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-ups to gain the upper hand over competitors. Therefore, before investing in organizing your own furniture business, carefully evaluate all the pros and cons of this business.

Strengths: high demand and self-realization

Cabinet furniture is always in demand, so the manufacturer of quality products will always be able to earn.
Relatively small investment in the enterprise. Of course, the initial capital for a furniture company cannot be called minimal. But, firstly, it is significantly lower than the capital required for most other industries. Secondly, investments can be significantly reduced by buying used equipment or leasing it.
The possibility of self-realization as a businessman or a craftsman who produces high-demand and high-quality products.

Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-ups to gain the upper hand over competitors.

disadvantages

The main disadvantage of the cabinet furniture business is very high competition. Such activities are carried out by small private workshops and huge factories. Startups find it hard to compete, many close after a year and a half of work, having suffered losses.

What gives furniture manufacturers an advantage in the market

Why do some workshops successfully operate in the cabinet furniture market for years, while others close after working for 12-16 months? The reasons can be very diverse, but there are several characteristics that unite successful companies:

Good work with quality materials. By purchasing such furniture, buyers expect that it will serve them for at least 10-15 years and at the same time retain its “marketable” appearance. It is quite difficult to guarantee this when working with chipboard, so those companies that combine maximum quality with affordable prices are retained on the market.
Maximum attention to the wishes of customers, exact observance of dimensions, variability of colors and textures.
Manufacture of furniture of different price categories - for greater coverage of potential buyers.
Active advertising campaigns aimed at attracting new customers and loyalty programs for regular ones.

Conclusion

The cabinet furniture business requires an initial capital of at least 1.2 million rubles and a set of specific knowledge. A small business needs 4-6 employees. The competition in this area is very high and is explained by the steady demand among various categories of customers.

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