How to install a window on the roof of the house. Dormer window on the roof: design and drawing. With pitched roof

Lucarne or skylight?

You will have to choose from two options - a roof window or a lucarne. Skylights are inserted directly into the roof slope - obliquely. Their installation does not require serious intervention in the roof structure, but the quality of the installation of the double-glazed window will be critical.

Lucarnes are a special superstructure on the roof, in which the window is located
vertically. Thanks to the standard installation, the risk of leaks is reduced and window maintenance is facilitated. Lucarna can decorate the house, but its implementation will entail additional costs and a change in the design of the roof.

Design features

To build a lucorne in a finished house, you will have to dismantle part of the roof, build the side walls and roof of the superstructure, and then lay the roofing pie. It is better to lay the device of a wider opening at the stage of designing a house in a finished building; for this, you will need to cut out part of the rafter legs, as well as use crossbars and additional fasteners that will take on the load.

The easiest way is to build a lucarne between a pair of rafter legs

Types of dormer windows:

1 - Double slope 2 - Single slope 3 - Hip 4 - Arched 5 - Triangular 6 - Arched with a pediment in the facade plane

In total isolation

Thermal insulation of a lucarne is usually made of mineral wool. The walls are insulated with a layer of at least 10 cm, a layer of up to 20-25 cm is laid on the roof.

To reliably protect the insulation from getting wet, you will also need vapor and windproof films.

The vapor barrier is attached to the lucarne structure from the inside, the superdiffusion windproof membrane is mounted from the outside to the plywood sheathing. Connections of insulating films and tin roofing elements are carried out in a standard way for a roof - for an experienced roofer this work will not be a problem.

Lucarne between the rafters

The simplest design is a lucarna located between adjacent rafters. In this case, it will not be necessary to change the load-bearing structure of the roof: the lower end of the lucarna façade struts rest on the roof rafters, the upper end is nailed to the sprigs - shortened lucarna rafters. For the side walls, several short racks are placed. The width of such a hatch is limited by the pitch of the rafter legs, which, as a rule, is 60 or 90 cm. The window occupies the entire plane of the facade of the hatch. but is small in size.

To provide enough light in the attic, several small lucarnes are often built in a row.

Lucarna on reinforced rafters

Lucarna bull's eye design

frame

After installing the front wall on the roof rafters, diagonal strips are mounted that define the boundaries of the window, the three-dimensional frame of the window is formed using several successively decreasing circles. In a simpler version, rafters diverging like a fan are installed, which are attached at one end to the jumpers between the roof rafters, and rest on the front wall with the other.

high art

For laying roofing material, a rigid base of tongue-and-groove boards is laid on top of the frame. The traditional coating is ceramic tiles, flat or grooved. Beavertail shingles are best suited for this purpose because they are small and do not have side grooves. Elements can be stacked in a row (scales) or with bandaging gaps (crown). Cement tiles, wooden shingles and straw are also used as coverings. The most difficult thing is to finish the "bull's eye" with bituminous or metal tiles.

The window opening on the roof serves as a source of light for the attic and attic. In addition, this element enhances the aesthetic appeal of the structure. Attic windows, another name for dormer windows, can be decorated in different styles and have different designs.

Varieties of attic windows

Another name for a dormer window is a skylight. Regardless of this, it must meet the requirements of the highest level. Structural strength and compliance with the architectural style of the building are important, as well as the ability of dormer windows to provide light and ventilation in the right amount.

Dormer windows have been an integral part of buildings for a long time. Depending on fashion trends, their design and structure changed.


Window openings can have several types of execution:

  • A window aligned with the roof plane.
  • Dormer windows that have side walls, as well as a gable wall in addition to the plane of the house.
  • Windows with side walls and a pediment located in the plane of the building.
  • Dormer windows that do not have side walls, the pediment of which is located in the plane of the house.

The last three options have vertical glazing.


Openings for a window in the attic can be triangular and trapezoidal in shape, and also have the shape of an arch with glazing over the entire vertical plane.

Structures with side walls are divided into the following types:

  • With a pitched roof.
  • With double pitched roof.
  • Hip.
  • In the form of a bow or circular arch.
  • Flat French.

In order for the dormer window to blend into the overall exterior, you need to choose the right type of structure and its location on the roof and relative to the main windows of the house.

Drafting a project

Window openings, including a round window in the attic, must comply with certain Sanitary Norms and Rules, which must be followed during design and installation. The main regulatory documents are SNiP II-26 and SNiP 21-01. Only in this case, you can count on the reliability and durability of windows without compromising the quality characteristics of the roof.


The main requirements are as follows:

  • Windows can be installed when the slope of the main roof slope is more than 35 degrees.
  • When positioning the superstructure, you should adhere to the established distance from the outer walls of the house.
  • The minimum parameters of the dormer window sashes are 60 * 80 cm, therefore, the size of the window opening in the attic can be no more than 120 * 80 cm.
  • When installing windows with a hip roof and a quadrangular shape, it should be remembered that the facade of such a window should not continue the wall of the house.


According to GOST, dormers are lined with various materials, including copper, metal or tiles. The window structure can have its own roof and gutter, but installation can be carried out without these elements. Overall windows can be equipped with a balcony, which makes the roof more attractive. Lucarne windows are the name of a window in the attic with side walls and a facade glazed over the entire area.

Triangular windows in the attic gable roof

When installing windows in the attic on your own, preference should be given to openings in the form of a triangle with steep roof slopes. The popularity of this design is due to the following: the window pediment does not have a penetration into the roof, it is located in line with the load-bearing wall. At the same time, the location of the opening of the dormer window and the windows of the house should be combined. This will help preserve the architectural features of the building.


The slope of the roof slopes of triangular windows is about 60-70 degrees, so the usable area of ​​the attic does not change. Window openings on the roof, having a triangular shape, make the appearance of the roof aesthetically attractive and allow you to make the layout of the attic or attic space more efficiently and in an original way.

When installing triangular dormer windows, it should be remembered that their roof is adjacent to a common roof. Therefore, there is no need to perform waterproofing of the junctions of the side walls with the roof. This makes the sealing process easier and faster, as well as gable roof cladding with dormer windows.

Assembly of the main part - how to do it right

The assembly of the window frame in the attic begins only after the construction of the gables and the truss system of the main roof. In this case, it is recommended to leave an opening between the rafters. The rafter system of the dormer window has some differences; in it, the rafters on the sides of the structure are reinforced with additional elements. Such a scheme will help the frame withstand significant loads.

The pediment of the window, arranged in the roof, must have support from the side walls. They are installed at right angles to the outer wall, their height is 1.5 meters. The frame of the side walls should rest against the ceiling beams.


The side walls of the attic window are installed after the installation of the main truss system. Next, the binding of the horizontal crossbars and racks of the gable frame of the window is performed.

After that, the solution to the problem of how to make a dormer window on the roof is to perform the following actions:

  • The rafters that are adjacent to the walls are filed and aligned with the wall sheathing.
  • Jumpers are installed between the reinforced rafters, the fastening of which is carried out with metal overhead brackets. At this stage, it is forbidden to make cuts or tie-ins, as this reduces the bearing capacity of the truss system.
  • Check the verticality of the pediment of the dormer window.
  • The ridge is installed and the location of the gable frame is checked again.
  • In accordance with the template, the rafter legs of the roof window are cut out and fixed on the ridge and on the lower beam of the structure.
  • When sheathing the pediment of a dormer window in a mansard roof, you need to pay attention to the fact that the sheathing must match the wall sheathing.
  • In the manufacture of shortened rafters, you can use a universal template. This will help reduce the time spent on work.

Valley at the dormer window

A roof window can be arranged according to the principle of a multi-gable roof, but with some differences in installation technology. The different slopes of the slopes of a triangular window and a multi-gable roof require a non-standard solution to the problem, so the window and roof slopes are connected by non-standard grooves.


The design of the dormer window on the roof in this case involves the use of slanting rafters, they serve as a support for the shortened rafter legs. When installing a window of this type, it is necessary to correctly calculate the length and cross section of the valley, as well as the angles of the connection of the side walls with the ridge beam. Two grooves are installed for each opening.

Rules for mounting the bottom of the attic window

The window in the attic in its lower part has installation features, special attention should be paid to this. The inside of the roof should be hidden at the bottom of the attic window so that it is not visible from the inside. You can solve the problem with the help of a special installation of grooves.


The gutter beam is mounted directly on the roofing material of the common roof. It acts as a support for the rafters of the gable frame of the attic window. A crate made of moisture-resistant plywood is nailed onto the frame, onto which the roofing material is directly attached. Roof windows are sheathed, moving in the direction from the ridge beam to the lower part of the structure. But the finish coating is fixed in the opposite direction, from the bottom up.

Having decided to independently install window openings on the roof, it is necessary to carefully study all the subtleties of this process. When arranging dormer windows of complex design or original shape, it is best to seek help and advice from professional craftsmen.

There are many options for building roof structures. Most often, both in civil engineering and in the private sector, sloping roofs are equipped for administrative and residential buildings. They have a number of advantages and are often equipped with dormer windows, which are quite possible to make with your own hands. Their shape and location may differ from each other, but they all perform the same functions.

Purpose

  • Lighting of the under-roof space (mansard or attic space).
  • Its good ventilation.
  • In some cases - direct access to the roof for its preventive inspection and repair work.
  • They often play the role of an integral part of the entire architectural composition, and sometimes even an emergency exit.

Modern dormer windows are not only small houses with their own walls and floors, but also have many other design options.

According to their performance, they are divided into:

  • with a flat, with a one- or two-slope, hip roof;
  • panoramic;
  • attic (built-in);
  • all-glass (“antiaircraft lamp”).

The window itself can be of various shapes: round, square, rectangular, triangular, oval. But, regardless of its design, during the construction it is necessary to adhere to certain generally accepted standards. If it is planned to equip a dormer window, then this should be taken into account at the stage of building construction.

What to foresee

The steepness of the slope

To prevent the penetration of moisture into the attic (mansard) in the window area, it is necessary to ensure its natural flow from the roof. Therefore, the slope must be at least 5 0 for flat roofs and from 15 0 and above for pitched roofs.

When determining the steepness, it is necessary to focus on the climate in the place of residence (precipitation intensity, prevailing winds, the location of the house). Therefore, you need to choose the most compromise option.

form

The most "favorable" is triangular. Such a configuration of the window opening is attractive because the “contact line” of the frame of the dormer window house with the roof is much smaller than that of a square or rectangular profile. It is here that the penetration of moisture into the under-roof space is most likely. The choice of a triangular-shaped window significantly reduces the amount of mandatory work on waterproofing this problem area.

At the same time, it must be taken into account that this form of window opening will somewhat reduce the illumination inside the attic space. Therefore, it is advisable to bring the facade of the window in line with the wall of the building.

Window arrangement

Depending on the size of the roof, its configuration and the general architectural design, window openings can be located either in one line (horizontally) or in 2 rows (staggered). When determining their number, it should be taken into account that experts advise observing the condition: the total width of all openings should be more than half the length of the edge of the roof slope.

The distance from the attic floor to the lower row of windows is assumed to be 1 m. Consider the construction technology of a dormer window using the example of a triangular profile.

Operating procedure

By analogy with the arrangement of the roof of the whole house, all the necessary materials are also laid (steam and waterproofing, insulation). The line of contact between the frame of the dormer window house and the roof is additionally sealed with special corners, clamping strips, and the like. Self-expanding tapes, mastic compounds and various sealants are excellent.

Knowing all these installation features, you can build a dormer window of any profile. However, everywhere there are nuances.

Windows that have become popular recently give much more light. For their installation, it is not necessary to build a separate frame, since they lie in the same plane with the roof of the house and are attached to its truss system using special plates. But they are recommended to be installed provided that the slope of the roof provides a good runoff of water from its surface (about 15 0 - 20 0).

However, self-production is impractical, since errors in the calculations are quite possible. It is better to buy a ready-made plastic window and install it in place. This design is rotary, its axis of rotation lies in the horizontal plane and is located in the middle.

About 15% of all heat loss of any building occurs through windows. Therefore, when determining their size, it is necessary to make an “adjustment” for the climate and the location of the building.

If the viewing window is equipped on the roof of an already built house, then its frame is fastened to the rafters. But DON'T MAKE INSERTS!!! Only staples, nails, overhead elements (metal tapes, corners). Otherwise, the strength of the entire supporting structure will decrease.

The natural lighting of the attic space will be the better, the higher the dormer window is mounted.
We should not forget about the need for high-quality preparation of wood - its drying and impregnation with special compounds.

Greetings, dear readers!

The construction term denoting an important part of the roof called “dormer window”, according to Dahl’s explanatory dictionary, means an opening prepared “for hearing”.

This is not an accurate definition of the functional abilities of the window with the definition of "auditory" suggests that Vladimir Dal, of course, was a writer, ethnographer, doctor and a very educated person, but had nothing to do with construction.

If he were a builder, he would have given a different definition to this element, which is installed on almost all pitched roofs and is not intended at all for the unhindered penetration of sound waves.

Why and how dormers are installed correctly, you will learn by reading this article.

Dormer window - what is it?

A window opening in a roof slope, in which a vertical frame is installed, closed at the top and sides, is called a dormer window.

Initially, such a window was conceived as a way to ventilate the under-roof space, but over time it became one of the elements of the roof structure, which can simultaneously perform several functions.

To give a "zest", to revive and decorate the roof of any house - this is one of the purposes of the dormer window, acquired by him over the many years of his operation.

Changing its appearance and its dimensions, the window began to evoke different visual associations and received many original names: "bull's eye", "frog's mouth", "pike window", "dwarf's house", "bat".

When houses in densely populated cities could no longer accommodate all their inhabitants, they had to look for a way out: how to expand the living space. And an interesting solution to this problem was found - to arrange attics in the attic.

Simultaneously with the arrangement of attic spaces, another important function appeared at the dormer window - to serve as a source of natural light.

Thus, as a result of all kinds of additions and changes, the usual "birdhouse" on the roof has become an architectural and structurally necessary part of the roof and the room under the roof.

In the future, for the qualitative performance of all the functional duties added over time by the dormer windows, they began to be installed in certain areas of the roof space, which are located in the south direction.

When a dormer window is installed in an ordinary non-residential attic, and its main purpose is to ventilate the space under the roof, then a simple ventilation grill can be inserted into the opening instead of a frame.

It allows the dormer window to cope as much as possible with the duty originally assigned to it.

As a result, in the attic space there are no such negative phenomena as:

  • condensate, into which warm air is converted, penetrating under the roof from the lower floors and rapidly cooling in the under-roof space. In the absence of proper ventilation, this phenomenon not only adversely affects the roof of the roof, but can have a destructive effect on the load-bearing structural elements and significantly reduce the period of their trouble-free operation;
  • mold and mildew growth, which, under comfortable conditions, may well find their way and move to the room under the attic. Sometimes residents of the upper floors of residential buildings try for a long time to cope with black spots in the corners and under the ceiling in their apartment, not finding the true cause of this phenomenon. But the installation of a dormer window can help them completely solve this issue - for additional access of fresh air to the under-roof space.

There is another meaning in the installation of a roof element called “dormer window”, which does not lie on the surface, but has a special meaning for the reliability of the roof structure and its operation in strong winds.

Only a flat roof is not subjected to the pressure of air masses.

All one-, two-pitched, as well as broken protruding roof structures are built with the expectation of providing decent resistance to wind loads.

Left unattended, the wind load factor can destroy the roof, gradually creating vibration and loosening the supporting structure.

Destruction can also occur simultaneously, when due to the high speed of the air flow outside the building under the roof, an air vacuum is created. The stronger the wind, the greater the pressure drop outside and below the roof, and this in some cases ends with the entire roof rising like a balloon takeoff.

To resist such a scenario of development of events, the installation of a dormer window in the roof is called upon - at first glance, an ordinary ventilation opening, but in fact a structural element that takes into account the complex laws of physics.

It is this window that is the valve that, if necessary, will work and relieve the under-roof space from excess pressure.

Even if the dormer window is closed not with a ventilation grill, but with a glazed frame, the air flow will rather squeeze out the glass than have a destructive effect on the roof itself.

The technology of installing a dormer window on the roof in the video:

Design features of the classic dormer window

The standard dormer window is a rectangular structure, which is an additional roof superstructure. Its purpose is to, without letting precipitation into the under-roof space, provide access to fresh air and daylight.

A conventional dormer window is installed in the gap between the rafters in order not to disturb the supporting structure of the roof. If it is necessary to provide more air access, it is allowed to install several dormer windows in the spaces between the rafters in one row or one above the other.

The classic dormer window looks like a glass window frame with ventilation holes around it, covered with a ventilation grill in the form of louvres. If the window is small, then, as a rule, it is closed only with a ventilation grill.

Often, this type of window openings combines the function of doors for free access to the roof surface, if the building is not equipped with a fire escape.

For the attic space, a difference of about 5-10 degrees is considered optimal compared to the air temperature outside the building.

Temperature values ​​that differ upwards will be fraught with the formation of condensation on the internal structure. And this, in turn, may require the use of special materials that can withstand high humidity.

Such troubles are fought by installing dormer windows, which come in different shapes and design features.

The most popular are:

  • lean-to. One of the longest used and structurally the most simple auditory superstructures on the roof. The angle of inclination of the roof of this window should be about 15 0 . An increase in this size is permissible only with a significant slope of the roof itself. If this rule is not observed, water may leak at the junction of the main roof with the roof of the dormer window, which will require additional waterproofing measures for this area;
  • gable. As well as lean-tos, they have been installed on roofs since the Middle Ages. This is confirmed by many historical architectural monuments that have preserved these decorations on the roof to this day.

A distinctive feature of the gable acoustic design is the relative complexity of its installation. To do this, it is necessary to correctly calculate the docking of all its components, both among themselves and with the main roof structure. But the complexity of manufacturing a gable dormer window (compared to a single-sided one) is fully justified by greater practicality in terms of the distribution of water flows.

Visually, the two slopes on the roof of this window look like a complete architectural form and do not require any additions.

The materials for the side and front gables of the dormer windows can repeat those that decorate the facade of the building, but immediately take on the appearance of a decorative element if their exterior finish is made in contrast with the facade finish.

Dormer roofs, unlike gables, are usually covered with the same material that covers the main roof.

Why a roof window?

If you look at the dormer window from the street, the answer to the question why it is on the roof comes by itself: in many cases, to decorate the general appearance of the building.

The builder, on the other hand, will explain the necessity of building a window with practical benefits, citing several purely technical arguments as evidence.

A person living under a roof in an attic will talk about the comfort that a dormer window creates. In particular, he will tell about the daylight and fresh air coming through it, and most importantly, about the opportunity to look at the world from a different point of view than through the windows below.

A building with original dormer windows becomes unlike others that do not have such an element in their design.

Here you can draw an analogy between buildings and people - a different hairdresser will transform his client with an elaborate hairstyle so that his own mother hardly recognizes it. A dormer window on the roof, as well as a hair on the head of a fashionista, can be one and only.

Over time, fashion trends have not bypassed this element of the roof structure. Fanciful dormer windows, through which residents of cozy attic spaces looked out three hundred years ago, were replaced by inconspicuous dormer openings in rapidly erected houses of the last century.

But fashion and freedom of thought are now making themselves felt again with the appearance on the roofs of many private houses, seemingly left in the past "houses for the gnome" and the look of the "bull's eye".

Our time has not been able to wash away the plaque of centuries from the dormer windows, except that it has added a few changes in the form of a double-glazed window in the frame and automation for self-closing the window in case of bad weather.

But for the attic space not equipped for housing, the dormer window remained exactly the same and performs the same functions: maintaining the performance of the roof structure and the material covering this structure.

The principles of dormer windows on the roof with a cold attic in the video:

Types

The definitions by which dormer windows are classified correspond to the visual characteristics of roofs installed over a particular opening.

For example:

  • flat roof. It is used mainly for purely technical purposes and does not affect the appearance of buildings. The angle of inclination with respect to the main roof is from 5 0 to a maximum value of 15 0;
  • single pitched roof. It is very similar to a flat one, but differs in the angle of inclination, starting from 15 0 and increasing in parallel with the increase in the slope of the main roof;
  • gable. In addition to mandatory functions, it also has architectural significance for the appearance of the building;
  • hip roof. A type of gable roof, with a cut front slope located at the same angle as the main roof;
  • triangular roof. Minimum daylight source;
  • glass roof. Designed to provide maximum access to daylight in the attic;
  • semicircular roof. The famous "bull's eye". A stylish option that differs from all the others not only in its attractive appearance, but also in the significant cost of its installation.

Acute dormer window

A dormer with a triangular or, as it is also called, a "sharp" roof can often be found on buildings of historical value.

The main problem with the installation of windows with such a roof is that they are not too large or too small in relation to the total volume of the roof. Their sides should have the same angle as the main roof. If these conditions are not met, the triangular window will look like a foreign fragment on the roof.

Another condition for the compliance of acute-angled windows with the general style of the building is the correctly chosen places for their installation. They should be on the same axis with the windows of the facade located under them.

The advantage of these dormer windows over other options is that they can be located at a higher level.

Another advantage of acute-angled windows is the simplicity of waterproofing the junctions. Since the roof covering of the window is connected at a developed angle with the main roof, their joint is formed as an internal junction on ordinary broken roofs - internal and external.

The installation of triangular dormer windows does not significantly increase the volume of the attic space, and this factor is their main drawback.

Design features of the installation

There are no clearly defined rules and strict instructions for installing a dormer window. The main requirement relates to maintaining the rigidity and reliability of the entire roof structure.

The installation location depends on the individual requirements of the developer and the aesthetic perception of the entire appearance of the building.

Before drawing a dormer window on a plan, it is important to decide what function it will have to perform - aesthetic or practical. The choice of the shape and size of the window largely depends on this decision.

If you install two dormer windows at a close distance (less than one meter), then it will become difficult to install a roof covering between them.

In winter, nearby windows will contribute to the formation of snow bags, which will negatively affect the waterproofing of window adjoinings and cause an increased weight load on the main roof structure.

Dormer windows, which carry only purely technical functions, are usually installed without disturbing the structure in the gap between the rafters.

When it is necessary to install a dormer opening in the place where one or more rafter legs are located, then changes are made to the design of the main roof, based on calculations related to snow and wind loads. At the same time, reinforced rafter legs are necessarily added under the side walls of the dormer window.

How to expand the attic space

Arranging a living space in an attic under a roof is quite simple - it is enough to insulate the walls and roof. However, there is a certain difficulty in how to access a sufficient amount of daylight into the room and at the same time at least visually expand the attic space.

Installing a roof window in the plane of the roof partially solves the problem - it allows light and fresh air to pass through. But this is a partial solution to the problem, since the actual volumes of the room do not increase, but remain in the same contours limited by the roof.

The device of a large-sized dormer window allows you to install the same (in size) window in its front gable as on the facade of the building, increasing the height of the ledge in the room under the dormer opening to the height of the ridge of the main roof.

With sufficiently large dimensions - the height to the roof ridge and the distance from the central axis of the building to its side wall, the opening built into the roof under the dormer window may well be a separate house for its residents.

Increasing the internal living space, one must not forget that this can negatively affect the external appearance of the building. Therefore, it is important to monitor the observance of the proportions between the dimensions of the main roof and the dormer window installed on it.

Dormer window configurations

The architectural style within which a certain building was built is not limited to the foundation and facade. Like a point set in any business, the same point in construction is the roof installed on the building. Its outlines should not violate the general idea of ​​the architect. Therefore, many creators of grandiose projects install spiers or domes instead of a roof.

You can play with the external perception of any building by adding ledges in the form of dormer windows to the roof of various shapes.

This solves two problems at once:

  • technical. A solution that is necessary for long-term and trouble-free operation of the structure and roofing;
  • aesthetic. Without the solution of which, in principle, the construction of modern buildings is impossible.

Arranged in a certain sequence, in the right places and with dimensions that meet certain proportions even the most ordinary shed dormer windows can look like a decorative fragment of the interior.

With pitched roof

Flat roof windows are the simplest form of dormer windows installed on roofs.

The slope of the single slope above this window is not much different from the slope of the roof itself.

Windows of this type are most often installed on ready-made roofs, because their installation does not require cutting into the supporting system. It is enough just to cut out a part of the crate along with the roofing between the rafters.

Insufficient slope of the flat roof of the dormer window, if it is covered with tiles, may cause snow to accumulate on its surface and water to drain poorly. This disadvantage can be eliminated by replacing the coating with a more suitable one, for example, a metal tile or a profile sheet.

For drainage, ordinary semicircular or square gutters are used.

With gable roof

Windows with a gable or semicircular roof require special attention in the approach to their installation.

The opening for a gable dormer window, as a rule, cuts into the structure of the main roof and can significantly affect its reliability.

The location of this dormer window may have special bindings depending on the purposes that the window should fulfill.

If this window is a technical exit to the roof surface, then its location in the attic space should be at a height of free access.

A window with a gable roof can be decorated in different architectural styles:

  • with or without a pediment;
  • with or without a ledge;
  • with or without water drains.

The best option for the appearance of a gable window is when it has one window opening on the front gable that is not separated by partitions. Several small windows make the dormer too bulky.

The process of installing a dormer window in the finished roof

The first step is to choose the optimal installation location. If a mistake is made and the window needs to be moved to another place, it will be extremely difficult to close the opening in the roof.

Having decided on the installation site, you need to pay attention to the location of the rafter legs in this place. The best option would be not to touch the rafters at all.

But if the distance between them is small, and the dormer window is wider than it, then it is necessary to carry out actions to insure against subsidence of the roof plane.

To the place where the rafter leg will be sawn and after it, you need to install reliable supports.

They can be dismantled only after the complete installation of the dormer window.

Then you should consider how and with what material the cut opening can be temporarily protected from precipitation.

If the marking has been carried out and all safety actions have been completed, you can proceed to dismantle the crate and the material covering the roof.

In order to avoid downtime and inconsistencies in the process of installing a dormer window, the builders must have a draft of the future finished product and all the materials necessary for work before the start of work.

Dolmer dormer installation technology on the roof of the house in the video:

How to issue

On buildings built in our country, four types of dormer windows are most often found. This is:

  • with a flat roof, the slope of which does not exceed 15 0 ;
  • with gable roof, the slope of both slopes of which must correspond to the slope of the roof;
  • gable roof- a variant of a gable with an additional slope starting from the ridge and lowered to the front gable;
  • semicircular roof with an arched front gable.

There are no strict restrictions on the use of covering materials for these roofs, but there are recommendations.

They are as follows:

  • it is desirable to cover a flat roof with materials that allow water to drain freely with a slight slope;
  • in cases where the slope of the slopes is sufficient for good drainage, they should be covered with the same material as the main roof.

To decorate the gables, you can use any materials used in the decoration of the facades of buildings, but with an indispensable condition for their low weight.

Window openings in dormer windows (both rectangular and arcuate) are installed in the same way as on the facade of the building - strictly horizontally.

Purpose

Dormer windows are installed on many residential and industrial buildings with a roof that has a general slope.

The space under the roof can be used for arranging a room there or for purely technical purposes - maintenance of the truss system and roofing.

Depending on the purpose of the attic space, approaches to choosing a dormer window defined in form and functionality change.

The functions that the dormer window performs include:

  • room lighting;
  • constant supply of fresh air;
  • the possibility of access to the roof surface;
  • decorative design of the building.

The main part of the auditory opening is the window itself, which can be:

  • round or oval;
  • square or rectangular;
  • triangular.

The shape of the window does not affect the reliability and design features.

Window contours are important only for the aesthetic perception of the architectural integrity of the building.

Ramp slope

To provide for the correct slope of the slopes and to protect the problem areas of docking the dormer window with the main roof from leaking is the main task in its design and installation.

With a large roof area of ​​the dormer window, water should be drained using gutters.

It is best to additionally waterproof the joints of the walls of the dormer window with the roof, as well as install a valley there, and the lower one must necessarily go a few centimeters beyond the main roof.

The slope of the slope for a flat roof should not exceed 15 0. In other cases, the slope must be selected relative to the slope of the main roof.

Roben dormer window device in the video:

Window outlines

If you choose a dormer window for the simplicity of the device and practicality, then the triangular or acute-angled shape meets these criteria better than the rest.

This configuration has a small line of contact with the roof, which greatly reduces the problem of possible moisture penetration under the roof.

When choosing a triangular window for installation, you should be aware that it gives the least effect to the illumination of the room, and increasing it to eliminate this drawback will negatively affect the appearance of the building.

How best to position

In order not to disturb the visual design of the building design, architects can arrange the dormer openings in one row along a horizontal or vertical line. And they can scatter windows randomly or in a checkerboard pattern - there are practically no restrictions on location.

The only condition is that external beauty does not create inconvenience for those who may have to use the dormer windows from the attic space.

Given this aspect, it is desirable to place windows at a distance of about one meter from the attic floor.

How to Install a Skylight

When installing different types of dormer windows, there are some features inherent in the device of a particular type of windows, but there is no fundamental difference in the order of actions performed.

However, the order itself must be strictly observed:

  • draw up an exact plan for the location of dormer windows, taking into account all the features of the main roof. Make a drawing of the window with an exact indication of all overall dimensions;
  • if necessary, it should be determined in which places the safety props should be located, and install them before starting work;
  • cut a hole in the roof for a window according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing;
  • reinforce the opening with horizontal bars by attaching them to the ends of the trimmed rafter legs;
  • strengthen the rafter legs on which the sides of the dormer window rest - they will carry the entire load from the cut rafters;
  • after sheathing the opening along the perimeter and creating a rigid base, you can proceed to the construction of the selected type of dormer window;
  • the further procedure repeats the procedure for constructing a conventional roof with mandatory vapor and waterproofing and the installation of an appropriate insulation system;
  • before the device for the exterior decoration of the walls and the roof of the dormer window, the sections should be carefully waterproofed joining with the base roof.

Before installing a dormer window, it is advisable to calculate the cost and the need for its installation. Perhaps the installation of a conventional roof window will solve all the issues of lighting and ventilation, moreover, it will certainly cost less.

If the decision is made in favor of the dormer window, then you need to competently approach the choice of its shape. Because an attractive-looking arched window called a "bull's eye" will cost its future owner a price equal to installing several windows of simpler contours.

What is the optimal shape of the dormer window to choose for each specific case, you can find out by systematizing the data presented in this article.

Roof windows in the roof of a private house are not only a functional, but also a decorative element.

Modern roofing eurowindows have turned non-residential attics into cozy, bright attics. Skylights have transformed everyday buildings into contemporary pieces of architecture, bringing light into the space and filling the home with fresh air. brought a new trend to the architecture, allowing harmoniously fitting hatches necessary for maintenance into the facade of the building. The roof window allows designers to create a unique attic interior, a romantic bedroom, a nursery, a personal office, a bathroom, or an exquisite winter garden.

Types of skylights

Roof windows meet a number of requirements and perform several advantages:

  • During the day, natural light penetrates the house, which has a beneficial effect on the general condition of a person.
  • Skylights are easy to install and save space in the room below.
  • Mansard roof eurowindows are reliable, ergonomic and easy to use.

Before installing a skylight, you must select the type of construction. The following types of roofing eurowindows are divided:


Auditory are structures that are vertically located in the roof and are necessary for ventilation and lighting of the attic. Their installation requires a separate erection of rafters mounted in the roof. there are:

  • protruding beyond the roof (dormer);
  • recessed inside (antidormer).

Inclined eurowindows differ from auditory ones in that they are mounted directly into the roof at an angle. Wind windows were invented in the 19th century, and dormer windows in the post-war fifties of the 20th century. Inclined eurowindow is characterized by tightness, practicality, high light transmission and sound insulation. With an excess of sunlight entering the room, the roof window is closed with a canvas or blinds. The light output of an inclined eurowindow is 35% higher than that of a gable or dormer window.



Blinds are installed on the inside of windows.

From the outside, the windows can be protected with shutters.

The gable window is mounted vertically into the gable wall using a gable collar. Gable frames can be opening and non-opening. Such models serve to increase the overview of the surroundings.

Roof hatch window

The roof hatch should organically fit into the appearance of a private cottage. A wonderful solution is the hatch window, which is built into the roof without any problems and looks like an ordinary sloping Euro-window. The hatches are wonderfully in harmony with the external appearance of the entire building and the windows installed in it. Types of roof hatches:

  1. The emergency roof exit looks like an inclined eurowindow. It is endowed with all the functions of simple windows. It is used for technical inspection and access to the roof. To open the sashes, you just need to press the handle and the hatch will open automatically with the help of gas shock absorbers. Such structures are installed on the roof with a slope of 15 to 55 degrees.

Characteristics:

  • opening angle up to 70 degrees;
  • combined system of opening and ventilation;
  • laminated internal glass;
  • the outer layer is a hardened surface treated with a self-cleaning agent;
  • size from 700 x 1200 mm to 1006 x 1200 mm.


The roof hatch greatly simplifies roof maintenance.
  1. The operating exit looks like an ordinary mansard hatch-window and serves to exit to the roof. It is installed on roofs with a slope of 15 to 55 degrees, equipped with a supply valve for ventilation of the attic. Opens outward along the side axis.

Characteristics:

  • the eurowindow is opened with a handle;
  • the hatch is equipped with a multifunctional double-glazed window;
  • the sash can open both to the right and to the left;
  • hatch size - 500 by 930 mm.


Operational access to the roof from the attic.
  1. A hatch window is installed in the attic rooms of buildings for technological inspection and access to the roof. You can choose the type of opening and side. Equipped with a provision for ventilation of the room. Mounted on roofs with a slope of 20 to 65 degrees.

Characteristics:

  • the lower overlap of the frame serves as a step;
  • sash fixed in 3 places;
  • opening angle up to 89 degrees;
  • size - 490 x 760 mm.


Mansard hatches can have a variety of opening types.

How to choose the right skylights?

When choosing an attic eurowindow, a number of features should be taken into account:

  • the presence of protection against moisture;
  • the presence of seals;
  • profile or frame material;
  • opening method;
  • glass strength.

Design features of roof windows https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UlwbG2I_Hss In the design of inclined windows, a single-chamber double-glazed window is used, which greatly facilitates the load on fittings and supporting elements. For dormer-windows, a frost-resistant heat-saving double-glazed window is used, which is filled with argon.



Cross-sectional glass pane.

Double-glazed windows made using the "triplex" technology will save the inhabitants of the attic from fragments of accidentally broken glass. Since two glasses are glued together with a special film that allows you to hold the fragments. The Easy Clean coating breaks down the dirt accumulated on the eurowindow under the action of sunlight, which makes it easier to clean the glass.



Laminated glass triplex will provide excellent protection for your windows.

Important! It is important to pay attention to the location of the window handle. It should be at a convenient height for use.

Additional options, such as: roller shutters and retaining supports will protect the house from noise, hail, sun and serve as protection against penetration into the home.

Roof window design features

The simplest design of a recessed eurowindow. You can use an already erected ceiling and mount a window under an already finished roof. Such windows are mounted at any time.



This design is not only easy to install, but also very practical.

The protruding roof window must be designed at the construction stage. The design can be mounted for flat and gable roofs. It is much easier to mount protruding ceilings on a flat roof. The mounted side walls of the structure are sewn up with boards and covered with roofing covering material, which covers the entire roof.



This design can also be a good addition to the exterior of the house.

An internal window in the roof can be installed between the beams that hold the roof rafters. The support board is installed between the supports, then the window frame is placed on it. From above, the frame secures the fixing beam. The side walls and drains are covered with a covering material that covers the entire roof.



Roof window installation.

Roof window installation

After the final choice of the model and location of the attic eurowindow, they proceed to its installation. Tilt window installation sequence:

  • in the roof it is necessary to cut an opening for installing the frame;
  • the roof is reinforced with additional lags and a frame for the window frame is mounted;
  • insulation and waterproofing are laid;
  • roofing material is laid;
  • window block is installed.

Master class for installing a roof window https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7mQz8E8v9A Before proceeding with the installation of the euro-window, it is necessary to strengthen the roof structure and mount the frame for the window frame. Strengthening is done with the help of rafters standing in the neighborhood. Jumpers are mounted between them, between which beams are mounted under the window frame. A window frame is installed in the resulting frame. The unit should be mounted without glass. The frame should be installed above the level of the roof, which guarantees the drainage of water. After mounting the frame, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing coating that provides water drainage. Modern models of skylights are equipped with additional features. These include remote control for opening windows, roller shutters and protective fences that form a small balcony. Roof window on remote control https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLKzwRMPCig

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy of Culture, specialty “Culturologist. Lecturer in History and Theory of Culture. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.

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