"Autumn Evening", Tyutchev F.: analysis of the poem. The world of nature in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutcheva (Analysis of the poem "Autumn Evening")

Plan

1. Introduction

2. Features of size, rhyme and ideological content

3. Artistic techniques and their role in the text

4. Conclusion

F. I. is rightfully considered one of the most brilliant landscape poets of the nineteenth century. His poems not only depict the beauty of nature, but also draw an invisible parallel between it and the human world. And even though he devoted most of his life to state activity, however, among his four hundred poems, each one is certainly the greatest creation of the poetic and philosophical thought of the true creator. This work was written by the poet in 1830.

The text is written in iambic pentameter with cross rhyming. The very structure of the verse is also amazing, because it consists of one compound sentence, which is read in one breath. Undoubtedly, this was not done by accident. The image of autumn, as a moment of preparation for a kind of death - sleep in nature, is so short-lived that it is precisely this syntactic feature that is intended to emphasize.

Created in a romantic vein, the poem is an example of landscape lyrics, but at the same time it is filled with a deep philosophical meaning, which is contained in the figurative metaphor of autumn, as the pores of a certain maturity in human life. The poet was able to discern that instantaneous beauty in a dull autumn landscape, sometimes elusive to the gaze of every person, which is why the concept of “lightness of the evenings” arises.

The use of the epithets “touching, mysterious charm” emphasizes the beauty of the moment, the mystery of the changes taking place in nature, which we take for granted. The metaphorical epithet “ominous brilliance” suggests that all this beauty is about to disappear, this is the insidiousness of the laws of the universe.

The use of assonances with "i", "a", "e", "y" creates a certain length of poetic lines, bringing a feeling of despondency into the soul of the reader. Alliterations with "l", "s", "p" allow you to convey the smoothness of movements contained in the fall of the leaf, the flutter of branches from a gust of breeze. The personification of the “sadly orphan land” so capaciously depicts the autumn landscape, in which the bare crowns of trees immediately appear, as if someone deliberately stole this beauty and decoration from the world.

But, despite the fact that everywhere the lyrical hero observes the damage brought by the autumn season, in every detail he notes a smile. And this is no accident, because it is well known that winter will come after autumn, and the long-awaited spring, when nature will be reborn again and appear in all its dazzling splendor. This is the law of life, and this is precisely its beauty. It is in the last line that the poet draws a parallel of all the described natural sensations with a person. Indeed, in the life of each of us comes its own autumn, the time of wisdom, the discovery of oneself, the time when we look back with a meek smile, the time when we begin to appreciate every moment of our life.

It is in human autumn that we realize how fleeting life is, that it passes just as instantly as autumn, that we no longer have the former beauty and splendor that we were so proud of before. But a person also has a kind of spring in his life, a new rebirth, which he will certainly feel in his children and grandchildren. How subtly Tyutchev notes such burning questions in this poem. How skillfully he portrayed everything living and inanimate as a single whole, endowed them with similar features and sensations, as if on purpose reminding us - readers of true values.

Target:

  • know the main motives of Tyutchev's lyrics, features of the image of the natural world;
  • be able to analyze and interpret the poet's landscape lyrics;

Equipment: a computer with a projector, slides depicting a portrait of Tyutchev, Levitan's paintings “Golden Autumn”, “Autumn. Sokolniki", with the texts of the poems "Autumn Evening" by Tyutchev and "A dull time! Eyes charm ... "Pushkin.

During the classes

I. Opening speech of the teacher.

We have already said that Tyutchev's poetry is beyond time and space, it is deep, philosophical and relevant at any time. Love and hate, life and death, joy and sorrow, suffering and peace - all this is in the poet's lyrics. The world of human suffering, experiences, on the one hand, and the world of nature, on the other. But these two worlds exist inextricably linked. Sometimes it seems that a person in this world is a grain of sand. He is powerless, weak before the elemental forces of nature:

And a man, like a homeless orphan,
It stands now, and weak and naked,
Face to face before the dark abyss...
In his soul, as in the abyss, he is immersed,
And there is no outside support, no limit ...

But the nature of the poet has another face:

Not what you think, nature:


These verses will become the epigraph to our lesson.

Tyutchev's landscape lyrics are deeply philosophical in nature. The image of nature and human life are woven together in it. Man is shown as a part of nature, and nature itself is shown as a living being endowed with human qualities. Discord between them leads to tragedy. The image of nature and man in it is the main motive of the poet's work.

Today we will read the poem "Autumn Evening" and try to immerse ourselves in the poetic world of Tyutchev.

II. Reading and analysis of the poem "Autumn Evening".

Before plunging into the world of Tyutchev's poetry, let's turn to our own experience: write your associations to the word AUTUMN. Levitan's paintings "Golden Autumn" and "Autumn in Sokolniki" will help you remember your feelings, sensations - paintings are shown on the screen. After the students write their association words, they pronounce them, supplement their notes. An approximate list of words: September, yellow leaves, transparent, clean air, silence, golden autumn, Indian summer, web, delight, admiration; rains, mud, slush, dark nights, cloudy skies, quiet evenings, cold winds, inclement weather, sadness, melancholy, loneliness... The lonely dark figure of a woman in Levitan's painting speaks of some kind of loss, grief, as if something has gone forever ... But there may be completely unexpected words - it depends on the students. This work is carried out in order to create a certain mood, to prepare students for the perception of Tyutchev's poem, which is quite difficult for students of the Yakut school. At the same time, the teacher says that all the work that is being done in the lesson today is preparation for home composition, everything that they learn will be written down and will serve as material for the composition.

Reading a poem(the text is shown on the screen, available in textbooks)

Is in the lordship of autumn evenings
A touching, mysterious charm:
Sinister shine and variegation of trees
Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,
Foggy and quiet azure
Over the sad orphan land,
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
A gusty, cold wind at times,
Damage, exhaustion - and over everything
That gentle smile of fading,
What in a rational being do we call
Divine bashfulness of suffering.

Let's analyze the poem:

What mood does it evoke? Write in a notebook your feelings, your mood (sad, solemn, delight, admiration, anxiety, a sense of loss, loss, longing)

  • What creates this mood, causes these feelings? (epithets, metaphors, comparisons).
  • Write these words in two columns - “bright” and “dark” (lightness of autumn evenings, touching, mysterious charm, languid, light rustle of leaves, foggy and quiet azure, meek smile, divine; ominous brilliance, sadly orphaned earth, foreboding storms, gusty wind, damage, exhaustion, withering, suffering)
  • To better understand the poem, let's work with some of them.
  • How do you understand the word AMAZING? Pick up the same-root words - be touched, dear. That is beloved. That which causes admiration, admiration.
  • metaphors languid rustle, orphaned earth - what do they mean?
  • VOLUME - look, voice. Let's pick up synonyms - exciting, gentle, caressing. Tyutchev has a languid rustle of leaves.
  • Why is the earth ORphaned? (everything around is empty, the trees shed their summer dress, the grass withers, dries, the fields are also empty). Everything around is dying, the earth is orphaned.
  • Why MYSTERIOUS beauty? Because the picture causes conflicting feelings. On the one hand, a quiet, lovely autumn evening and suddenly ... Find a place in the poem where the mood changes. What is it connected with? What happens all of a sudden? - gusty wind. Which brings anxiety, a mood of hopelessness, fatigue ... No wonder they say the wind of change. Wind - always to change the weather. The weather in autumn is very changeable - either the sun, or the rain, or the wind ... Autumn is an intermediate season between a bright, colorful, noisy summer and a harsh winter. Nature prepares for a long winter in autumn. It's like the calm before the storm. That's where this mystery comes from - it is not known what will happen tomorrow.
  • Find another metaphor that clearly expresses this contradiction. Sinister brilliance - the epithet SININTER portends something evil, terrible. This approach is called oxymoron - a stylistic figure, a combination of contrasting words that create a new concept. For example, a living corpse, a cruel angel, an honest thief, etc. Students write the definition of the new word in their notebooks.
  • WILTING - pick up synonyms: fading, aging, disappearance, dying. Nature dies in autumn, colors fade, everything becomes pale, unsteady, unreliable.
  • Tyutchev's nature lives, suffers, like a person. This is a poem about nature, but not only. Think about what else?
  • About human life. About old age. About bashful, divine suffering. A very wise person could write like that. They say the autumn of life has come. This is when a person has lived life, everything is behind, only death is ahead. And then it becomes clear where this aching sadness comes from, where this suffering comes from.
  • What do you think old people suffer from? (from loneliness, from misunderstanding, from weakness, from the fact that there is not enough attention, care ...) But they suffer in silence. They seem to be ashamed of their old age. That's where this bashful, divine suffering comes from.
  • What is the peculiarity of Tyutchev's image of nature? How does he show it? (He shows her as a living being, he is trying to understand her soul, to hear her voice. Tyutchev's nature is a living being). In this we see the philosophical nature of the poem. It is about nature, and at the same time about human life.

Let's make a short conclusion: Tyutchev's poem evokes a double feeling - on the one hand, we see a lovely picture of a quiet autumn, when everything is golden, full of bright colors, we hear a slight rustle of leaves, we feel a breath of fresh wind. Thin cobwebs fly in the clean, transparent air. And this picture makes us delight, admiration, tenderness. On the other hand, just as in Levitan's painting "Autumn in Sokolniki", a feeling of grief, longing, loneliness appears in the poem - the wind, like a premonition of descending storms, sweeps away everything in its path, plucks leaves from trees, the forest is bare, the fields are empty , everything fades, dries, dies ... An association with human life comes, when old age comes - behind a stormy life, full of events, only death is ahead. It's getting creepy. Tyutchev's poem makes you think about life, about its meaning. The fact that we are all children of nature, and are connected with it by an inextricable thread.

Rereading the poem.

  • Isn't it true that now you read it differently?
  • What verses of another poet remind Tyutchev's poem? - Pushkin's poems "A sad time! Eyes charm! ”: a lot in common in the description of nature, autumn. But Pushkin has a lyrical hero in the center, his feelings. Tyutchev has nature as a living being. Compare: students read Pushkin's poems that appear on the screen.

III. Conclusion.

So, we learned that Tyutchev's poetry is a special world where nature and man are merged into one. The famous Russian poet and critic V.Ya. Bryusov said that Tyutchev's poems about nature are always a passionate declaration of love. And the other called Tyutchev a poet of night revelations, a poet of heavenly and spiritual abysses. The soul is the most important thing that permeates all of Tyutchev's poetry. Let's go back to the epigraph of the lesson:

Not what you think, nature:
Not a cast, not a soulless face,
It has a soul, it has freedom,
It has love, it has language.

In the end, I want to quote the words of the famous poet L.A. Ozerova: “Tyutchev showed Russia the power of the word. With a sharp mind and a wise heart, he opened such secrets of the Universe and the human soul, into which no one had looked before him. There is a Tyutchev galaxy. It has breadth, height, depth, the extent of space and time. This is a grain of sand and a star, a rainbow and a fountain, dawn and sunset, twilight and snowy peaks, a thunderstorm and a hot afternoon ... This is a delight before the greatness of the night and a prayer for an untimely departed beloved, thoughts of old age and a song about the spring of life ... "

IV. Homework:

write a mini-essay "Reading Tyutchev's poem ..."

"Autumn Evening" Fyodor Tyutchev

Is in the lordship of autumn evenings
A touching, mysterious charm:
The ominous brilliance and variegation of trees,
Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,
Foggy and quiet azure
Over the sad orphan land,
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
A gusty, cold wind at times,
Damage, exhaustion - and on everything
That gentle smile of fading,
What in a rational being do we call
Divine bashfulness of suffering.

Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Autumn Evening"

The landscape poetry of the poet Fyodor Tyutchev rightfully occupies a worthy place in Russian literature of the 19th century. And this is not surprising, since the author of numerous poems about the beauty of nature managed to organically combine the traditions of Russian and European literature in his works. The poems of Fyodor Tyutchev are designed in the spirit of classical odes, both in style and in content, but they are much more modest in size. At the same time, there is European romanticism in them, which is associated with Tyutchev's passion for the work of such poets as Heinrich Heine and William Blake.

The literary heritage of Fyodor Tyutchev is small and includes about 400 works, since the author devoted his entire life to the diplomatic public service, carving out rare free hours for creativity. However, a magnificent example of classical romanticism is his poem "Autumn Evening", written in 1830. At this time, Fedor Tyutchev was in Munich, acutely feeling not only loneliness, but also homesickness. Therefore, an ordinary October evening inspired not only sad memories for the poet, but also set him in a lyric-romantic mood, which, in turn, prompted him to write a very elegant, exciting and filled with deep philosophical meaning poem called “Autumn Evening”.

It would seem that autumn itself evokes a feeling of longing, which is subconsciously associated with the extinction of life, the completion of another cycle that makes a person older. Approximately the same feelings are evoked by the evening twilight, which the Symbolists associate with old age and wisdom. However, at the time of Tyutchev, it was not customary in literature to express themselves through symbols, so the author tried to find positive moments in the obviously sad combination of autumn and evening, emphasizing from the first lines of the poem that “the lordship of autumn evenings” has a special, inexplicable charm. Watching the autumn twilight fall on the “sadly orphan land”, the poet managed to catch the moment when the last rays of light touched the multi-colored treetops, flashing in bright foliage. And Fyodor Tyutchev compared this amazingly beautiful phenomenon with the “mild smile of withering” of nature. And - he immediately drew a parallel with people, noting that in rational beings such a state is called "divine bashfulness of suffering."

It is noteworthy that in the poem "Autumn Evening" the poet does not share such concepts as living and inanimate nature, rightly believing that everything in this world is interconnected, and a person often copies in his gestures and actions what he sees around. Therefore, autumn in the work of Fyodor Tyutchev is associated with spiritual maturity, when a person realizes the true price of beauty and regrets that he can no longer boast of a fresh face and a clean look. And the more he admires the perfection of nature, in which all processes are cyclical and at the same time have a clear sequence. A huge mechanism, launched by an unknown force, never fails. Therefore, a feeling of lightness and joy is mixed with a slight sadness, which is inspired by trees shedding their foliage, early evenings and gusty cold winds. After all, autumn will be replaced by winter, and after that the surrounding world will again change beyond recognition and will be full of rich spring colors. And a person, having passed the next life cycle, will become a little wiser, having learned to find sensual pleasure in every lived moment and appreciate any season, depending on the vagaries of nature, his own preferences and prejudices.

Landscape lyrics always deepen the reader into the world of dreams, hopes, creativity and sadness. It is such a work of Fyodor Tyutchev "Autumn Evening". From the title itself it is already clear that the work is about the autumn landscape, about the wonderful time of the withering of nature.

At the very beginning, the author shows how delightful autumn landscapes are, everything is calm and peaceful, peace and charm, silence and the mysterious light of sunset. A little later, the mood of not only the reader, but also the poet changes, anxiety appears, in the light of the sunset, which falls on the fallen leaves, and in the light autumn air movement, some kind of threat seems to be lurking everywhere. Further, silence settles in the soul again, peace, a kind of bewitching motionless picture. Sunset, and the sunset is replaced by azure and the extreme rays of the sun are hidden by a kind of foggy haze, melancholy, sadness, parting with the sun and warmth, it's all like life itself for him. Suddenly, sudden strong gusts of icy wind, heralds of imminent winter, he is sad about the end of autumn, worried and losing his calm. The work itself is read quite calmly and does not have sharp emotional jumps.

After reading the poem “Autumn Evening”, it seems as if all of humanity, the author himself and nature have become one, immortal, because one season will be replaced by another, one life cycle will be replaced by another, just like night comes after day.

A cross rhyme written in iambic pentameter with a two-syllable foot with an accent on the second syllable. From the point of view of syntax, this work is a continuous complex subordinate sentence. The use of many tropes, metaphors, comparisons, with emotional epithets, strong images, capacious deep philosophical meaning, some kind of inner spiritual movement.

In such a small poem, there is so much human feeling, so many images, thoughts, and all this in no way overloads the composition.

8th grade, 10th grade

Analysis of the poem Autumn evening Tyutchev

Fedor Tyutchev is a man who not without reason takes a place, and a very worthy one, in Russian literature of the 19th century. Since it was this person who was able to describe all the virtues of nature and its beauty, and not just do it, but also combine the traditions of European and Russian literature.

The poem "Autumn Evening" by Fyodor Tyutchev is very beautiful, but not too large. It consists of twelve sentences, and is not divided into stanzas. And all this creates an interesting and detailed effect. It is this poem by Tyutchev that critics consider to be a symbol of the most classical romanticism in literature, and, of course, not only in Russian.

It was written in 1830. Then, at the time this work was written, Tyutchev was in Munich, and therefore, it is understandable why there is such an unusual mood in his work. After all, autumn, and even in a foreign country, evoked such sad and dreary memories and just thoughts on him. Homesickness can be tragic but also romantic?

October evening, rainy weather, gray sky, cold wind - a wonderful background for writing just such a beautiful and, to some extent, even a cozy poem. Such weather greatly influenced the poet, or homesickness, but the work turned out beautiful, and is read as a symbol of romance, namely classical in literature.

Autumn, in itself, as a season, is associated with making people gloomy, but it can help create such a beautiful piece. Tyutchev made excellent use of both time and place. In addition, the poet still finds in such weather some kind of peculiar charm of his own. And this is emphasized at the beginning of his work. That even such a time of the year, and especially its dreary middle, can have its own inexplicable alluring beauty and comfort. Bright autumn evenings - what could be more beautiful for a tired soul, how the author felt then in a foreign land.

Analysis of the poem Autumn evening according to plan

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