Primer for concrete surfaces. Tips for the rational choice of primer for concrete. On guard of health

Surfaces are covered with a primer before applying putties, adhesive solutions, mastics, paints and varnishes on them, before sticking wallpaper or laying tiles. It performs a protective function and improves adhesion, fills small pores and strengthens a loose base. Depending on the composition and method of impact on the processed material, the soil is divided into groups, each of which has its own characteristics and end result. A deep penetration primer for concrete, for example, is absorbed into a porous surface and makes the base stronger, an adhesive primer promotes strong adhesion of adjacent layers, and an anticorrosion one protects against rust.

What is a primer for?

Even the most expensive finishing material can peel off over time, the tile can fall off, and the wallpaper will begin to bubble. To avoid such troubles, a primer will help, which plays an important role in the duration of the service life of the decorative coating, and indeed the foundation itself. It provides:

• improved adhesion between layers;
• increased resistance to water and alkalis;
• greater strength of the base;
• high-quality preparation before further coating;
• uniform application of subsequent layers.

Everyone knows that surfaces made of mineral materials, such as concrete and brick, are subject to destruction under the influence of external factors, especially moisture, which their porous structure easily absorbs. When freezing, in this case, the surface simply breaks. As a result, there is a gradual destruction of the entire building structure.

Primer for concreteprotects the material from negative influences, while maintaining its sufficient vapor permeability and the ability to "breathe".

The primer also reduces the consumption of the decorative material applied from above due to its lesser penetration into the pores of the concrete. In addition, in the absence of soil, putty is quite difficult to distribute over the surface of the base, quickly dehydrating and becoming less plastic.

Types of primers for mineral materials

For each type of surface, their primers are used. When applied to a mineral substrate such as concrete, the following primers are used:

• acrylic - quick-drying (from one to three hours) and not having a strong odor;
• polystyrene - containing toxic solvents. Used for open spaces. applied to the plastered surface;
• polyvinyl acetate - drying in 30 minutes. They are used for painting with PVA compounds for interior work.

Concrete primers are also classified according to their effect on the surface of mineral materials. They may be:

• impregnating - fixing rather loose bases. Primers incorporate adhesive components that can penetrate micropores, small cracks and pores to a depth of five centimeters. After hardening, the soil binds the smallest particles together, giving the treated base the appropriate strength. Impregnating primers are often used in the restoration work and reconstruction of old surfaces, which cannot be dismantled for a number of reasons;
• deep penetration - allowing to strengthen the porous, but not loose concrete surface to the maximum allowable depth (up to 5 mm). By impregnating the material, the primer layer increases its adhesion due to the small latex particles present in the film former;
• adhesive - forming an impermeable film on the surface with high adhesion rates. They are applied to surfaces with slightly absorbent properties. For example, it may be a previously painted concrete surface, on which it is planned to put a cement mortar when updating the walls. Outwardly, the adhesive primer layer resembles a thin film, but its composition is able to firmly hold the applied plaster.

When purchasing a primer for a concrete base, one should take into account the composition of the paint, putty or adhesive mixture that is to be used in the future. Binders must be compatible.

The choice of primer composition

Manufacturers provide a huge selection of compounds for the treatment of concrete surfaces. Often they have components responsible for preventing the formation of fungus and mold, as well as regulating the porosity of the base being prepared.

When choosing a composition, attention should be paid to the operating conditions and technical characteristics of the structure on which the concrete primer will be applied, the price will directly depend on these factors. Important not to miss when buying:

• for what work the soil will be intended - inside or outside the premises;
• how real is the impact on the surface of ultraviolet rays or increased moisture;
• what finishing material is planned to be used in the future;
• the degree of porosity of the concrete base.

It should be noted that the deep penetration primer remains the most popular in the preparation of concrete walls, which perfectly bonds to the base, leaving its surface porous.

The primer can be applied with a brush, roller or spray gun. In doing so, the following security measures must be taken:

• wear protective gloves and goggles;
• ensure the appropriate temperature regime;
• use a respirator, in case of using strong-smelling compounds.

Primers and primers are designed for preliminary preparation of concrete for finishing. The use of such materials helps to ensure the strengthening, compaction of the base, the elimination of microcracks, porosity, dusting. In addition, it is the primer that provides high adhesion of the finishing layers and artificial stone.

Priming compositions are based on different types of binders, which determines the scope:

• based on epoxy resins- for rooms with a high intensity of action of aggressive liquids, with high mechanical loads;
• based on polyurethanes– for places with very high abrasive loads, conditions with constant vibration;
• based on methyl methacrylate– the best solution for unheated rooms and long-term operation in cold conditions;
• based on polyester compounds– for surfaces under high chemical influences.

The basis of each primer is its main component, capable of high adhesion and dissolution of the corresponding active substances

How to choose

The choice of working material is based on many design, technological and climatic parameters.

Type and strength of concrete base

When working with standard concrete bases, the branded strength of which is in the range of M150-M300, polyurethane and epoxy primers are used. If the base is represented by polymer cement, magnesia floors, concrete with a strength of M350 and higher, it is recommended to use deep penetration primers. The same materials are best used for compacting and strengthening weak concrete floors (up to M150).

Application conditions

If work must be carried out at low temperatures, polyurethane primer is used. If it is necessary to apply the composition on a wet base, take a deep primer or a deep penetration primer. If odor is unacceptable during work, use epoxy primer.

Other options

In some conditions, it is necessary to take into account the level of vibration loads on the floor, the parameters of chemical resistance, the time during which the object must be put into operation.

Epoxy primer for concrete

Primers of this type are produced on the basis of epoxy resins. Ready-made compositions are characterized by unique characteristics, which is in demand on any concrete bases.

Such materials are used for painting, for the installation of all types of epoxy floors (self-leveling, thin-layer, quartz-filled), for pouring economical thin-layer transparent coatings.

Types of epoxy primers:

• one-component- the compositions are ready for use and require only mixing. The material is used on all types of surfaces, including those with poor absorption;
• two-component- most often used for the installation of self-leveling epoxy floors. The material requires preliminary preparation in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation (two components are proportionally mixed: base and hardener). The first component, as a rule, is marked with the letter A - it is a clear, colorless liquid. The second (B) - the hardener is a yellowish transparent liquid.

Technical specifications

Epoxy-based primers are characterized by high adhesion to concrete. The material provides good moisture protection, fireproof. The finished layer demonstrates strength and resistance to wear during operation.

It can be said that the soils are characterized by deep penetrating ability, which contributes to the compaction and strengthening of concrete from the inside. The composition will eliminate cracking and peeling of finishing paints.

Finished coat dries after 24 hours. The only limitation in application is that the material should not be spread on wet grounds. One of the significant advantages of epoxy flooring is the absence of odor upon application.

At low temperatures (closer to -20 degrees), a white precipitate may form in the base component. It does not stir or stir with difficulty.

To reanimate the composition, it is heated, preferably in a water bath. Heating temperature - up to +60 degrees. Such an operation will return all the original properties.

Objects of application:

• warehouses, workshops;
• parking lots, garages, parking lots;
• supermarkets, exhibition and trading floors;
• freezers and refrigerators;
• agricultural facilities.

Typical technical parameters of two-component epoxy primers are discussed in the table:

Polyurethane primer for concrete

Polyurethane primers are considered among the best. They are more affordable than their previous counterparts.

Technical specifications

This type of primer is not inferior to epoxy in terms of adhesion, moreover, adhesion to concrete does not depend on its actual absorption. The material works successfully on dusty surfaces, binding dust, strengthening the base.

A significant advantage of polyurethane-based compounds is their resistance to high temperatures. This allows them to be used with functioning underfloor heating systems, for the treatment of outdoor concrete floors and walls.

Types of polyurethane primers

1.Basic. These one-component materials are used as often as possible. They contribute to the hardening of the bases and increase the chemical resistance. Work on concrete M150-M350. Application is possible at sharply negative temperatures - up to -30 degrees. Polyurethane one-component primer is characterized by high fluidity and is able to be absorbed into the pores to a depth of 2-4 mm. Polymerization occurs due to moisture in the air.

2.Deep penetration. Such compounds are able to effectively soak into the pores of concrete, penetrating to a depth of 4-6 mm or more. This solution is suitable for concrete grades M350 and stronger. Maximum hardening is achieved on M100-M300. Can work on wet surfaces.

After applying a deep penetration primer, a two-week exposure is required, after which you can start painting

3.Deep primer. This is a two-component composition with improved penetrating power. In addition, it is characterized by a binding capacity, which is effective when processing magnesia, polymer concrete and other bases with low porosity.

On weak concrete, the primer works as a strong hardener.. After polymerization, a chemically resistant layer with high mechanical strength is formed. Deep soil is very fluid, works at the highest possible binding capacity and penetrates deep into concrete, including low-porous, wet substrates. But, the consumption of such materials is 30-40% higher than simple polyurethane primers. To saturate M350 concrete, about half a kilogram per 1 sq.m. will be required.

Deep ground is able to show the texture of artificial stone and is suitable for application both indoors and outdoors. It is used as a sealing, hardening, dedusting agent on surfaces subjected to high intensity loads. The finished layer is resistant to shock loads, abrasion. After impregnation, the warping takes on the appearance of lacquered concrete.

The finished layer demonstrates permanent resistance to such negative factors:

• water;
• aqueous solutions of acids 5-10% concentration, salts, alkalis of any concentration;
• synthetic, mineral, organic fats, oils;
• diesel fuel;
• petrol.

Scope of application: low-porous, dense, magnesian concrete, concrete tiles, high-strength concrete M350 and above, damp, but not wet bases, including those with poor-quality waterproofing (there is a capillary suction of water).

Acrylic, acrylic primers for painting

The materials of this group are used for processing concrete facades, as well as for indoor work with subsequent coating of walls with water-dispersion paints.

As a rule, the material is used under acrylic facade paints.

Acrylate primer improves adhesion, evens out the absorbency of the base, provides a water-repellent effect. The finished layer contributes to the reduction of paints and varnishes when applying top coats.

A feature of acrylic materials is that they are well suited for processing previously puttied and plastered surfaces. The advantages of this solution are increased weather resistance, a significant increase in strength and adhesion to the base. Acrylic primer significantly reduces the consumption of finishing layers.

Typical technical characteristics of acrylic primers:

• wt. the share of non-volatile in-in - 30-40%;
• viscosity - 20-40 sec.;
• layer drying time - 10 hours;
• resistance to static action of water - 24 hours.

Latex primers for concrete for painting

In fact, these are concentrates of synthetic polymers. Materials of this type are distinguished by the fact that they create a moisture-proof water-repellent coating on the concrete surface. They are used indoors and outdoors, including on highly absorbent substrates.

Latex hardeners work effectively both on walls and on floors, including under floor heating systems. It must be taken into account that the composition is characterized by antiseptic action, prevents the development of mold, fungi, bacteria, which is important against the background of high humidity.

Latex primers are used diluted or concentrated. They are characterized by a milky white color and medium fluidity.

The proportions are chosen based on the goals of the work:

• soil / water 1:5. Treatment of porous concrete for painting, which reduces the absorbency of the surface and significantly increases adhesion;
• soil/water 1:2. Treatment of complex surfaces (dusty, highly absorbent);
• concentrated latex primer. It is used for additional strengthening of low-strength concrete, priming of heavily dusty substrates.

Typical technical parameters:

• dry residue - 16%;
• density - 1000 kg / cubic meter;
• viscosity - 5 s;
• drying period - 60 min.

Latex primers double the adhesive properties of concrete

Alkyd primers

Such primers can be called universal.

The industry offers several varieties:

• alkyd glyphthalic primers- used outside and inside the premises for the treatment of any concrete surfaces. Universal enamels and paints perfectly lay on top of the layer;
• perchlorovinyl– are in demand exclusively outside the premises. The layer dries within 60 minutes;
• polyvinyl acetate- works in tandem with alkyd paints. Such soil dries out within half an hour;
• polystyrene- due to high toxicity, it is used only outside the premises;
• alkyd-urethane enamel primer is a solution for coating metal structures.

Application technology

Priming concrete for painting is one of the main technological operations. Any errors can affect the quality of the finish, including a complete replacement. These are serious and unjustified financial losses.

Concrete preparation

The principles of preliminary preparation are always the same. All surfaces to be treated must be cleaned. On the floors, they act by grinding, using a mosaic grinder. It is permissible to use shot blasting or sandblasting, which is also relevant for vertical structures. Walls can be chemically cleaned.

In the course of work, it is important to completely open the pores of the concrete, remove the laitance (for new concrete). The weak surface layer, dirt, old coatings, oily areas are completely removed from old concrete. Immediately before applying any type of primer, the surfaces are dedusted with industrial vacuum cleaners.

Features of applying one-component polyurethane primers

In order for the material to work effectively, waterproofing is arranged on the lower floors. This will eliminate backwater and capillary suction of water from below to the floors. If working on freshly laid structures, a 28-day exposure is required, given that concrete matures under normal conditions.

Working conditions:

• t surface and air - -30 + 25 degrees;
• primer t - +10 + 25 degrees;
• t base 3 degrees above dew point;
• base moisture - 4%.

Oiled areas that are not removed during pretreatment are unacceptable

Application:

• One-component polyurethane primer is ready to use. Materials from some manufacturers do not even require mixing;
• working methods: rollers, brushes (solvent-resistant), airless sprayers;
• primer for painting is applied until a uniform coating, until the appearance of wet concrete. The pores of the artificial stone must be completely closed;
• practice shows that 1-2 passes are enough. In the latter case, the time of layer-by-layer drying is observed, which takes 3-8 hours.

The average consumption of one-component polyurethane primers is 150-300 g/sq.m.

Features of the use of two-component polyurethane deep penetration primers

Application conditions:

• under the condition of normal hardening, the age of concrete should be 14 days;
• t base, air, material - + 5 + 25 degrees;
• a waterproofing device is necessary, capillary rise of water from below is unacceptable;
• moisture content of concrete - 6% by weight;
• t base - 3 degrees above the dew point.

Application:

• deep penetration polyurethane primers are two-component formulations. Both components are mixed by volume 1:1;
• the base composition and hardener are mixed with a construction mixer for 2-3 minutes. Rotation speed - 400-600 rpm;
• the finished material is applied mainly with polyamide rollers with medium pile (12-16 mm). In practice, 2-3 approaches are required. Each layer should dry for 6-8 hours;
• the average consumption varies between 150-400 g/sq.m., which depends on the absorbency of the concrete. The material is applied until a uniform gloss of wet varnished concrete appears over the entire surface.

Features of the use of deep primers

Application conditions:

• application t - +5 + 25 degrees;
• base moisture - 6%;
• absence of contaminated, oily areas.

Application: the two-component composition is thoroughly mixed with a construction mixer. For high-quality kneading, 2-3 minutes and a speed of 300-400 rpm are enough. Keep in mind the viability of the mixture - 60 min. The finished composition is recommended to be applied with a polyamide roller or brushes in 2-4 technological approaches. Drying of each layer takes 6-8 hours. For painting, the primer is applied until a uniform wet surface is obtained.

Features of applying acrylate primers

Application conditions:

• application t +5 degrees and above;
• air humidity - not higher than 80%;
• when working outside the premises, the presence of strong wind, precipitation, direct sunlight is unacceptable.

Acrylic primers require thorough mixing

Application can be carried out with rollers, brushes, paint sprayers. It is enough to carry out 1-2 layers, which depends on the actual condition of the surface. If a paint sprayer is used, the composition should be applied evenly and abundantly.

The average consumption is 1 kg / 10-12.5 sq.m. The layer-by-layer drying time takes 1-2 hours under favorable application conditions. If the air humidity exceeds 65% and the temperature is below +15 degrees, the next layer is covered only after 12 hours of drying the previous one.

Features of the use of acrylic primers

Application conditions:

• t air - not lower than -15 degrees;
• dry, non-icy ground.

Application: acrylic primers are applied with sprayers, brushes and rollers in 1-2 technological steps. Layer-by-layer drying takes 10 hours, provided that the air temperature is above +20 degrees. The consumption of the composition depends on the roughness and absorbency of the surface. On average, it will take 0.2-0.3 kg to cover one square meter.

Features of the use of latex primers for painting

Application conditions: t surface, environment - +5 + 50 degrees. Before use, the soil is thoroughly mixed. The composition is brought to the required concentration.

Works are carried out using airless and air spray guns or with a brush, roller. The composition is recommended to be applied in 2 approaches, which will exclude incomplete processing of the base.

Drying time for each layer - 30 minutes. The finished surface should dry for at least an hour. Consumption depends on the proportions of dilution.

The concentrated solution is consumed in the amount of 50 g / sq.m., in a ratio of 1:2 - 16 g / sq.m., in a ratio of 1:5 - 8 g / sq.m.

Features of the use of alkyd primers

The primer is applied in its pure form or requires dilution with organic solvents, such as white spirit. For application, brushes, rollers are used, applying the composition in 1-2 technological approaches. It must be remembered that the material is particularly toxic and requires compliance with fire safety standards.

How to paint concrete after priming

Paints intended for work on concrete differ in protective, operational characteristics, and application features.

Epoxy paints

Under such materials it is recommended to use epoxy primers. The paint itself is a two-component composition that requires mixing immediately before application. This is a good solution for interior work, especially for painting floors. This is due to the high chemical resistance, wear resistance, water resistance.

Acrylic

Application is carried out over acrylic, acrylate primers. The material works well indoors, providing resistance to high humidity, temperature extremes. This is facilitated by high decorative characteristics, a variety of textures and colors.

Acrylic paints are often used to treat ceilings, walls

Polyurethane paints

The composition provides high resistance to chemical attack and other operational loads. In practice, the application is carried out on concrete coated with polyurethane primers (one-, two-component). The main purpose is flooring. Like acrylic compositions, a nice appearance is provided.

Rubber

This wear-resistant paint is famous for its resilience. A film based on such a material can be bent, rolled up without breaking its integrity. These properties work well under mechanical stress, so the material is used for indoor flooring. Rubber paint is best applied over an acrylic primer.

Urethane-alkyd

The material exhibits high hiding power and high abrasion resistance. The finished surface is glossy, but you can count on a wide variety of colors. The paint adheres well to alkyd primers.

Tools and equipment

To prepare concrete for painting, shot-blasting, sand-blasting installations, mosaic-grinding machines are used.

To apply primers, you will need the following tools:

• brush-brush, roller- the main working tool. The optimal width of the roller is 18 cm. Most often, a tool with a medium length synthetic bristle is required. The width of the maklovitsa is from 10 cm. The rollers provide convenient and quick application, but the maklovitsa better fills the irregularities with the composition, which is taken into account when examining the surface before work;
• paint tray (bath)- this container is equipped with a special compartment for soil and a squeezing grate. This is convenient for removing excess composition and its uniform distribution over concrete;
• narrow brushes- the tool is used for painting corners and other hard-to-reach areas, places with a complex configuration. It is better to give preference to brushes 4-6 cm wide;
• brooms, sweeping brushes, industrial vacuum cleaners- may be required to remove dust, dirt;
• individual protection means- goggles, gloves, overalls.

With a large amount of work, it is advisable to use air and airless spray guns.

findings

Painting concrete without a preliminary priming operation is meaningless. The finished layer of paint will quickly lose its performance characteristics and the work will have to be carried out again. To avoid unnecessary financial costs, it is recommended to use high-quality primer in compliance with the application technology and consumption rates. The price of polymer primers starts from 350 rubles per 5 kg. When buying material, it should be borne in mind that storage and transportation are carried out at temperatures from -20 to +25 degrees.

The properties and practical application of the Concrete-contact primer are shown in detail in the video:

Comments:

A primer for concrete is a very important material, which is simply indispensable during the repair of the entire room or individual walls, partitions or other structural elements made of concrete. The primer in this case will perform many functions, without which the application of all other coatings will be of poor quality.

The primer is made before the concrete floor screed.

Primer Functions for Concrete Surface

As a rule, concrete surfaces are very prone to destruction and can be damaged under the influence of both domestic mechanical and external natural factors. Therefore, it is very important to understand what are the main functions of the primer for concrete surfaces.

1. As a rule, it is the primer that provides you with the opportunity to apply all subsequent layers as evenly as possible: putty, paint, wallpaper paste. Due to the fact that the primer is clogged into everything, even the smallest pores, it makes the concrete surface suitable for processing with all other materials.
2. The primer coat provides a good degree of adhesion between the concrete wall and the next coat. This adhesion makes the repair reliable, because no matter what you process the wall with, everything will hold up well, which will greatly increase the life of the materials. This is especially true for wallpaper, tiles and paints.
3. Optimal substrate strength is one of the most important goals for priming a concrete surface. If you neglect priming, then the wall will begin to collapse after a short period of time. These will not necessarily be large cracks and falling pieces of concrete. Even minor defects and flowability of the material can lead to simply catastrophic consequences in the future.
4. Another important function of the primer is to protect concrete from the effects of destructive environmental factors, such as acids, alkalis, water, wind, fungus and mold, which develop well on the surface of concrete that has not been treated with special compounds.
5. It is a high-quality primer that reduces the consumption of the next layer of material. This applies to surfaces that you plan to paint, coat with glue or solutions. This is achieved due to better adhesion and sealing of micropores that are present in concrete.
6. Good soil is able to retain moisture in the wall for a long time. With all this, such moisture at the same time does not allow fungi to multiply, and the surface to dry out. And this is extremely important, since it is much easier to work on a moistened surface, and dust will not appear.

So, from the foregoing, it is easy to understand that applying a special primer to concrete is extremely important and necessary. Without this, repairs can be considered practically meaningless, because no material will be firmly attached to the wall.

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Types of primers for concrete by composition

As a rule, each type of surface requires its own primer. Concrete surfaces are no exception, for which experts have developed several types of primers. Consider the main ones in more detail with all the subtleties.

1. Polystyrene primers are considered to be the most rarely used in everyday life. This is due to the fact that they contain solvents in their composition, which have a certain degree of toxicity. As a rule, it is customary to apply such primers exclusively on a plastered surface, which is then supposed to be tiled or painted with several layers of paint. Polystyrene primers should only be used outdoors. Otherwise, the toxins will evaporate over time and poison your body in small portions. This is especially dangerous for children. Such primers are used in exceptional cases for the finishing of certain tiles or for specific paints that require such a base coat.
2. The best and most common primers are acrylic. Their advantage is that they do not have a pungent odor, blend perfectly with any surface, and are also absorbed very quickly. Using this concrete treatment liquid, you can proceed to the next stage of surface finishing in 4 hours. Acrylic primers are ideal for finishing concrete structures indoors, including children's rooms. But for the facade, it is not recommended to use them because of the very rapid absorption, and at the same time drying.
3. If you want to paint the walls indoors with a thin layer of paint or decorate with wallpaper, then you can use super-fast primers - polyvinyl acetate. As a rule, they will dry for about 30-40 minutes, after which the wall can be smeared with PVA glue. The maximum degree of adhesion will be ensured.

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Choosing the type of primer according to the quality of the base

But in addition to such a classification, there is another one that allows you to choose the optimal type of primer based on the porosity and degree of looseness of the concrete surface. In total, there are three types of such primers, which will now be described in more detail:

1. Deep penetration primers are primarily intended for those concrete surfaces that are covered with a large number of pores. Moreover, these pores are quite deep. It is important that the surface is not too loose. Deep penetration primers are able to penetrate into the surface by about 5-7 mm. As a rule, it is this type of soil composition that has an increased degree of adhesion, which is so important in deep pore conditions. This is achieved due to the content of special small latex particles in the liquid, which, like small sticky rubber bands, adhere to each other the concrete and the material that is applied to it.
2. Impregnating primers are best used on old concrete surfaces that are particularly loose. Such primers can also be used for walls with many pores. But they will be especially effective for reconstruction. Thanks to a special binder component, the impregnating primer perfectly binds all the smallest particles. Some of the most expensive types of this type of composition can even significantly and permanently strengthen walls that previously, it would seem, were no longer subject to any restoration. The more such a primer is applied to concrete at regular intervals, the better it will strengthen, stop crumbling and collapsing.
3. And, finally, another type of primer is an adhesive primer on concrete. Such a composition is able to form a special durable invisible film on the surface, thanks to which it will be possible to easily and reliably adhere the wall surface to another finishing material.

It is very appropriate to apply such a primer on a smooth concrete surface that has already been previously painted or treated with putty. It is also allowed to apply the composition to a relatively smooth wall before plastering, if the intended layer of applied plaster is not very thick.

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Rules for choosing a primer for concrete

And now it's time to consider the main parameters for choosing a really high-quality soil composition for a concrete wall.

How to choose a primer for concrete? Of course, first of all, you must decide on the type of primer, based on the above material. But it is also important to take into account such subtleties:

1. It is better to choose a primer that contains a sufficient amount of antiseptic, no matter what type it is. This will prevent the appearance of mold on the walls in advance. For wet areas, buy a primer with a high content of strong antiseptics.
2. Always consider whether you will finish the interior or exterior of the room with the purchased primer. For exterior walls, use a facade primer that does not dry as quickly. For internal walls, conventional compositions can be used.
3. Consider what kind of finishing material you want to use. It is necessary to think in advance not only the layer that will adjoin directly to the concrete surface, but also on all subsequent layers. Many manufacturers produce different types of primers, which differ slightly from each other in consistency and composition for different types of finishes. This will allow you to finish the wall as efficiently and reliably as possible.
4. Always give preference when choosing well-known manufacturers. At the same time, it is not at all necessary that a good primer will be expensive. Its price can be average, compared to all the others, or even underestimated. The main thing is the decency and honesty of the manufacturer.
5. When buying concrete wall primer, pay attention to counterfeit protection, as well as the date of manufacture. If the substance is overdue, then it is safe to say that there will be no proper effect from it on concrete. The same goes for fakes.

Deep penetration primers are used to protect concrete from moisture, prepare it for painting or wallpapering. They are presented on the market in a diverse range, so the choice of a manufacturer often confuses inexperienced consumers.

Deep penetration primers fill the porous structure of concrete, making it more resistant to external influences and increasing adhesion with finishing materials.

Concrete has a very high density, hence a very low absorbency. Therefore, plastering or painting such a surface without prior preparation will not be effective.

Such compositions will be the only right choice if it is planned to use heavy wallpaper as an interior finish - not a single glue can hold the sheets on a concrete wall.

Despite the intended purpose, primers for concrete can be used on:

plastered walls;

drywall;

• gas blocks;

  foam concrete blocks.

Due to their properties, the compositions of this group are rightfully considered universal.

Highly penetrating primers are ideal for preparing substrates in high humidity areas such as bathrooms and kitchens. Here, the walls are constantly in contact with moisture, which can provoke the appearance of fungus and wall mold.

The primer, which contains antiseptic substances, is guaranteed to prevent the development of pathogenic microflora.

Specifications table

Which primer is better or TOP-11 manufacturers

For this market segment, the fame of the manufacturer is a kind of guarantee of product quality. When choosing a primer from an unknown manufacturer, there is always a risk of running into a product manufactured in violation of technological standards.

Such compositions not only do not cope with their functions, but also contribute to the destruction of the base, even when it comes to durable concrete. "Eminent" manufacturers always carefully monitor the quality of their products - this is the key to marketability in the market.

However, there are too many well-known companies in the assortment of the store, which makes it difficult to choose. Here is a list of brands that you should pay attention to in the first place.

The composition has the ability to fill all microcracks and pores. The addition of quartz sand significantly increases the adhesive properties of the base with the finishing material. The primer is intended for external and internal works - in rooms with the increased and normal humidity.

Permissible subsequent finishing:

plastering and puttying;

laying tiles;

• wallpapering;

  laying floor coverings.

The solution will not work on surfaces that have low absorbency. In addition, it is forbidden to use on surfaces that have direct contact with food and water.

The primer can be used in buildings of all types. The data in the table may vary depending on the type of material.

The company is known about 100 years and over the centuries of existence has accumulated considerable experience in the manufacture of various building mixtures. Priming compositions are produced on a water-dispersion basis, synthetic resins are used as the main component.

Thanks to this combination, the primer is perfectly absorbed, while being protected from premature drying.

The products of this manufacturer are suitable for indoor and outdoor use. This is a solution of finely dispersed latex with the addition of modifying additives, quartz sand and antiseptics. The composition is suitable for the treatment of bases that are exposed to a humid environment, helps to level the surface and increase adhesion.

This is a transparent or matt white composition designed to strengthen cellular concrete, gypsum plasters, cement-sand and cement-lime screeds. If the surface is to be painted, it helps to reduce the solution paintwork.

This is a universal composition that penetrates into porous surfaces to a depth of up to 6 mm. Due to its absorbent capacity, the primer is used for the preparation of facades and interior walls. Suitable for rooms with a high level of humidity, can be used before wallpapering or ceramic tiling.

One of the leading European manufacturers supplying products to the Russian market since 1993. Of the deep penetration primers in the company's assortment, one can single out "Betonkontakt" - a polymer composition with the addition of quartz sand.

It also has good reviews. TIEFENGROUND- A quick drying primer to be used before filling, tiling and painting.

Composition based on polyurethane with the addition of antiseptics.

Fills micropores and cracks

Strengthens the base

Increases adhesion.

Also, the compositions protect the surface from the appearance of pathogenic bacteria, fungal spores and mold. Thanks to these properties, the primer is ideal for bathrooms and bathrooms.

The composition creates a uniform protective coating, suitable for preparing walls before painting with water-based and acrylic paints. It is used for concrete, brick and plaster walls, as well as for processing drywall, fiberboard and asbestos-cement panels.

The primer does not require dilution. After application, the composition forms a uniform surface, strengthens the cellular base, and increases adhesion with finishing materials. The products are not suitable for plastered walls and glossy surfaces.

AXTON

Products of Russian manufacturers, designed for leveling loose and fine-mesh surfaces, have high penetrating properties.

• plastered walls;

  drywall.

It can be used for facade and interior work, in preparing the base for all types of decorative finishes.

Acrylic-based copolymer compositions with sand and polymer additives. Are intended for internal works in the conditions of normal and high humidity. Suitable for ceilings and walls before plastering or tiling.

It is not difficult to work with primers, anyone can cope with the application if they follow the elementary rules.

Before starting priming, the base must be cleaned of dust, debris and oil stains.

If metal elements are present on the surface, they must be cleaned of rust.

Apply the primer with a roller or a wide paint brush, making sure the layer is even.

For large rooms, it makes sense to use an airbrush, which will help to significantly reduce the workflow.

Priming compositions are sensitive to cold, so the preparation of the base is carried out only at a temperature 5…30 0 С.

A highly porous base, as well as large gaps and cracks, are sealed and primed in 2-3 layers.

Each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried.

Some primers require preliminary preparation, therefore they are diluted with water or a solvent to obtain the optimal consistency. For this, it is usually used proportion 1:1, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.

Consumption rates per 1m2

This value is usually indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. Average primer consumption per 1 m 2 is about 100-200 ml. Consumption may increase depending on the absorbency, the topography of the substrate, and the amount of treatment.

Home craftsmen are well aware that before starting finishing work, any surface must be treated with soil. For each type of base material, the industry produces special-purpose formulations. It is recommended to cover the concrete plane. Before buying the necessary tool, experts recommend that you familiarize yourself with the features, characteristics and rules for its application. Useful knowledge will help you choose the best type of soil and determine upcoming costs.

The planes of various structures containing concrete gradually become unusable during long-term operation. Numerous aggressive substances contained in the atmosphere and industrial emissions contribute to the destruction. The water-soluble salts formed as a result of chemical reactions gradually expand, which leads to ruptures of concrete foundations.

To isolate structural surfaces from the external environment, special deep penetration solutions have been developed. They are intended for outdoor work and interior decoration. The purpose of processing with such compositions is to change the technical characteristics of various planes (aerated concrete, drywall, brick, foam concrete, reinforced concrete, concrete slab):

• increase in strength;
• decrease in absorbency;
• increased adhesion with plaster, adhesives and levelers;
• protection against biological destruction;
• alignment;
• reducing the cost of finishing materials.

A deep infiltration primer for concrete is a kind of gasket between the building base and the outer coating. It ensures the proper quality of subsequent painting work and the durability of the cladding.

Specifications of acrylic primer

Deeply penetrating agents for concrete are water-soluble compounds based on latex mixtures and acrylic paint. They are distinguished by high fluidity, increased penetrating and astringent parameters. These qualities contribute to deep diffusion (up to 100 mm) and maximum hardening of concrete. Such opportunities are achieved thanks to dispersions with ultra-small latex particles - micelles.

After processing, a thin protective film is formed on the plane, similar to a matte varnish. It repels moisture well and withstands more than five freeze-thaw cycles. The antiseptic properties of the deep penetration primer prevent the appearance of fungus and mold on concrete surfaces. In addition, protective compounds do not close the pores of the base, contributing to normal air circulation.

Additional qualities and performance characteristics of primers for exterior and interior use are determined by the technical specifications of the brand and the manufacturer.

Consumer Rating

A wide variety of impregnating compounds for concrete can make it difficult for buyers to choose. Which primer is better: an imported product with a big name and a high price or an inexpensive domestic product? To answer these questions, consider several types of popular products.

1. Prospectors - an inexpensive concrete primer for outdoor use. It makes sense to buy in the case when deep processing and strengthening of fragile surfaces is required. It also contributes to the leveling of concrete bases and enhances adhesion to finishing materials.

2. Ceresit CT 17 is a general impregnating primer. Thanks to ultra-fine particles, it penetrates deeply into the narrowest pores without interfering with vapor and gas exchange. Available in summer and winter frost-resistant versions. The content of the coloring pigment makes it easy to distinguish the processed plane.

3. Lacra - polyurethane primer for universal use. The impregnating composition copes better than others with the protection of concrete from mold, bacteria and fungi. The presence of antiseptic additives makes the soil suitable for use in rooms with high humidity: a bathroom, a bathhouse, a loggia, a winter garden.

4. Knauf Tiefengrund - a universal quick-drying solution for deep penetration. Designed for pre-treatment of surfaces for puttying, laying ceramic tiles, painting, wallpapering. Due to its high penetrating power, the primer is best suited for ultra-hygroscopic substrates.

5. Knauf Betokontakt - a polymer dispersion of quartz sand. Excellent for smooth, dense concrete surfaces and various slightly absorbent surfaces. Such a soil should be chosen if interior work is planned. This is the best option when preparing walls and ceilings for plaster moldings. The only drawback of the materials of this brand is the high price.

6. Concrete-Contact - adhesive acrylic dispersion. After its application, a rough film is formed, similar to sandpaper. The relief texture of Concrete-Contact is better than other types of fastening the base with various plaster mortars and tile adhesives. Due to the introduction of additional additives, the adhesive primer has an increased cost relative to other impregnations. Acrylic primer Concrete-Contact Lacra is also widely known on the market. Ceresit CT 19 has similar adhesive characteristics.

Application technique and consumption

Before impregnation, the base must be prepared. A well-dried concrete surface is cleaned of dust and litter, burrs are removed, and cracks are sealed. The mixture is prepared following the instructions on the package. The most commonly recommended ratio of powder and water is 1:1. The primer for concrete is applied manually evenly in a continuous layer using a roller or paint brush. It is convenient to process a large area from the spray gun.

An important condition for high-quality concrete coating is compliance with the ambient temperature regime from +5 to +30 °C. You can start finishing only after it has completely dried.

Manufacturers must indicate the theoretical consumption of deep concrete soil on the packaging. The actual amount of funds spent depends on the condition of the surface. For outdoor work, the average consumption per 1 m 2 is from 100 to 200 ml. When processing the floor, its relief and brand of concrete are of great importance. A plane with a loose structure is rolled with a primer twice. In this case, the consumption may increase up to 500 ml/sq.m.