Where can you become a donor? Department of blood transfusion. FGBU “National Medical Research Center for Surgery named after A.V. Vishnevsky" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, blood transfusion department

There is such an opportunity in Russia to donate blood and receive payments in cash for this. In addition, there are a lot of other benefits and benefits that citizens who donate blood rely on.

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Today, many Russians have the right to become donors. Before the procedure, you need to find out the procedure for how to donate blood for money in Moscow in 2020 and other cities of the Russian Federation.

Important information

A donor is a person who donates blood. On the rights of protection and support, specialized laws have been developed.

They were created with the aim of establishing standards in accordance with the procedure. Becoming a donor is voluntary.

In the process, the fence can be carried out:

• erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets;
• plasma;
• cryoprecipitate is a method of freezing plasma.

The main stage of donation is the determination of the blood type. Collections are made only when there is a high need for application, for the reason that there are norms and periods of storage.

There are requirements that donor citizens should adhere to:

• citizens, foreigners who do not have citizenship must necessarily reside in the country for at least 1 year;
• capable persons by decision of the court meeting or by law;
• people who have undergone a medical examination and have no contraindications.

A citizen may also be denied if there is no internal organ or there have been surgical interventions in the form of tissue and organ transplants.

It is forbidden to take the material to pregnant women and women in labor who gave birth less than 12 months ago. During menstruation, the procedure is not allowed.

As a contraindication, travel to exotic countries, tattoos, piercings and SARS can act.

How to become a donor

Before deciding to donate, it is important to have an idea for what the material is being collected. In its pure form, as a rule, blood is not transfused. Often components are needed from the patient. It is for this reason that the procedure is divided.

Before applying for a donor, you need to find out the location of specialized points in order to clarify:

• preparation procedure;
• the amount of remuneration;
• address.

You can become an honorary donor and earn additional benefits:

1. After registration, a card with personal data is issued.
2. After passing the specialists, a personal number is assigned, which is recorded in the database.
3. After that, sweet tea is provided and sent to the blood sampling point. Modern devices will separate platelets from plasma, in time up to 40 minutes.
4. In order not to dispose of the material, the donor should come back after 6 months and repeat the procedure.

Who can't be

There are rules and regulations before a donation is approved. It is strictly forbidden to be a donor to people:

• with oncology;
• with hepatitis of any stage;
• with venereal disease;
• with psoriasis;
• drug addicts and alcoholics;
• with visual and hearing impairments.

Citizens who are temporarily unable to participate in the procedure:

• who has had a viral infection;
• after surgery, the approximate recovery time is 6 months;
• with a tattoo on the body, the ink is brought into the circulatory system through the skin and the body takes a long time to clear itself;
• citizens who often follow a low-calorie diet, fat-burning drugs;
• people weighing less than 50 kg;
• when the interval between procedures is not respected.

Blood collection points (addresses and prices)

In Moscow, they pay 3,300 rubles for donating blood, 3,000 rubles for plasma, and 5,000 rubles for platelets. The procedure is carried out in clinical hospitals and blood transfusion stations, at the following addresses:

1. st. Polikarpova, house 14, apartment 2.
2. New Zykovsky proezd house 4a.
3. st. Bakuskaya, house 31.
4. st. Infantry, house 3.
5. st. Priorova, house 10.
6. st. Bakuskaya, house 26.
7. st. Lenskaya, house 15.
8. st. Schukinskaya, house 6, apartment 2.
9. st. Metallurgov, house 37a.
10. st. Shchepkina house 61/2, apartment 8.
11. Rublevskoe highway, house 135.

Persons awarded an honorary title, as a rule, receive additional privileges and rewards. Honorary donors also have negative factors.

For example, the benefits provided remain at the disposal only in the first year after the acquisition of the title. To extend, it is necessary to hand over the material from 2 times a year and fix it with a certificate that is created anew.

Passing a medical examination

After filling out the questionnaire, a person needs to hand over the material from a finger at the research center. This is necessary in order to establish the level of hemoglobin, as well as to exclude other diseases. After the results, a decision is made on further examination.

• Body temperature;
• weighing;
• pressure measurement.

The doctor, according to the actual data, fills out the questionnaire and, based on the answers to questions on the topic of health and probable diseases, indicates information.

After the final results, the medical worker makes a decision on the admission of a citizen to donate blood.

There he is offered muffins and sweet tea to maintain good health. Important! Drink plenty of liquids inside to maintain water balance.

How much does this procedure cost

Some citizens subscribe to the procedure with a charitable purpose, others to earn extra money. Based on the 2013 rate setting, the Department of Health recorded:

Important! Trial 30 ml of blood before admission to donation does not count and is not paid. There is also no free food. Either a citizen receives a financial reward, or eats for free.

Benefits for honorary donors:

• passage to the medical office. institutions without queues;
• annual leave at any time (paid);
• annual payments;
• priority for discount tickets.

According to statistics for 2017, the amount of payments amounted to 12,370 rubles.

In addition, local authorities may provide additional privileges. For example, in Moscow it is included:

• 50% discount on utility bills;
• up to 50% discount when buying prescription drugs;
• free travel in public transport;
• free repair and creation of prostheses for teeth, except for the prices of precious metals.

Citizens who underwent the procedure, the management is obliged to keep their salaries and provide one-day leave after the delivery of the material.

A rest day can be assigned immediately or the donor can include it in the main vacation. The grace day cannot be transferred and must be used in the same year that the procedure was performed.

It is allowed to go to the workplace on the day of the procedure by agreement with the management (if the work is not harmful).

The worker should not write a statement to the authorities about the absence from the workplace due to the delivery of the material. But in the accounting department to provide the right is necessary.

When a worker decides to go to work on the day of the procedure, it should be notified in writing, since in the absence of a day, the day is calculated according to the average salary, and when he leaves, then according to the standard tariff rate.

Is it possible to become a donor without registration

Often, blood transfusion stations allow persons with permanent or temporary registration in Moscow or the region. The bottom line is that all regions have their own database, where information about their diseases is recorded.

Such restrictions were introduced long ago, in order to prevent the likely risks of disease transmission. It is possible that the situation will change, as the government has plans to create a single donor base in Russia.

If there is no registration today, then it is possible to hand over the material at the Moscow city station; branches are located in Tsaritsyno or on the street. Polikarpov.

It is not difficult to donate blood, but there are some restrictions and rules that depend on the purpose for which a person parted with the most valuable fluid of his body. And there can be many goals. Some want to become donors, others need to donate blood for HIV, hCG, or to detect hormonal levels. Each of the analyzes imposes certain preparation obligations. However, if an analysis was prescribed, the doctor introduces in detail how to behave so that the result is correct. The most interesting topic is how to donate blood for donation. If a person wants to become a donor, they are not warned in advance what can and cannot be done, and you should rely only on yourself - to look for information and prepare correctly.

Donation: first steps

Blood donors in our country - respect and honor (or, at least, the state is trying to give it to those who help save the lives of others). To officially establish the status of a donor, a federal law was even introduced. It follows from it that only those who donate blood voluntarily are considered a donor. In addition to blood itself, you can donate components: thrombo-, erythro-, leukocytes, plasma, compounds obtained by freezing plasma.

You can donate blood at the age of majority up to the sixtieth anniversary. Blood transfusion stations accept vital fluid from able-bodied citizens of the country and those who have lived in Russia for a year or more (regardless of citizenship), who have undergone a medical analysis and have no contraindications. Is it possible to donate blood if a person is sick? Depends on pathology. It is not allowed to donate blood if diagnosed with:

If a person has survived the removal of an internal organ, transplantation, you cannot donate blood. Do not take blood from pregnant women, women in labor.

Possible, but not immediately

Can I donate blood during my menstrual cycle? This is prohibited, you will have to wait 5 days from the last "red" day. From the moment of the birth of the child, you will have to wait 12 months. A certain time period will have to be endured by those who have suffered a number of diseases: a cold, an acute allergy. The requirements are similar after tooth extraction, surgery, vaccination, long-term stay outside the native country. Special, more attentive attitude towards those who have been in contact with sick viruses and infections. You can not donate blood within a year from the date of the tattoo. A similar restriction applies to those who have pierced.

Rules: how to donate blood?

There are quite a few restrictions, and it is important to observe all of them. Improper preparation can lead to the fact that the applicant is already wrapped up from the queue after receiving the initial blood tests. And you can lose your time, and distract employees. In order not to get such an unpleasant experience, it is better to immediately approach the issue responsibly. By the way, when figuring out where you can donate blood, you just need to look at the address of the transfusion station closest to your home. The donor service in our country has its own website, which lists all the reception points and the work schedule. There is also a note on preparatory activities.

Restrictions:

• do not drink alcohol 48 hours before the scheduled blood donation;
• do not take drugs that can thin the blood (except for oral hormonal contraceptives) 72 hours before the event;
• do not smoke an hour before the start of the session;
• do not eat on the eve of spicy, fried, fatty, smoked;
• do not eat bananas, milk, butter, eggs.

You can replace these groups of dishes and products with sweet tea and berry drinks, mineral water, cereals, fruits, vegetables. Allowed to eat pasta, bread.

Features of the procedure

It is better to come to the center where they take the irreplaceable liquid in advance - 15 minutes in advance. However, it is worth understanding that there will be a queue and, most likely, rather big one. If a potential donor wants to be among the first to be served, then it is better to come even earlier. Upon arrival, a person fills out a questionnaire, indicating in it passport data (the document must be brought with you), information about the state of health.

Before donating blood, the donor is examined by the doctors of the transfusion station. He will be examined by a therapist, they will do a laboratory test, they will say the blood type, if the person does not know it, they will check the weight and height. Additionally, blood is examined for the presence of hepatitis, syphilis, HIV. With good indicators of blood quality and health in general, you can go to the donor chair.

Surrender: is it scary?

Many are afraid to go to the donor center, fearing the procedure itself. In fact, there is nothing terrible. The conditions here are comfortable, almost all stations are equipped with modern equipment, there are many blood collection points. The person is located in a comfortable lounger chair, a tourniquet is applied to the arm and a container is connected through the needle, where the blood gradually drains. If you do not know how to donate blood, then the specialists of the donor center will advise you on this issue. It does not hurt at all, there are doctors and nurses nearby who monitor the condition of the donors. If suddenly someone feels bad, he will immediately be helped.

At one time, 600 ml of plasma or 450 ml of blood can be taken. At the end of the event, a bandage is applied for the next four hours. It is strongly not recommended to remove it earlier. After that, you can go to the window for issuing rewards, and from there - on your own business. At many enterprises, if a person works according to the Labor Code, you can take a day off on the day of blood donation. The law obliges the employer to pay this day. Doctors recommend avoiding physical activity, but most donors feel great (the blood loss is small), so they do not impose actual restrictions on their daily routine.

Donate blood for research

Donating blood in a medical institution does not always have a good purpose to help someone. Most part with the life-giving liquid on the recommendation of a doctor in order to identify what disorders are in the body, what diseases they are pursuing, which explains the problems in well-being. There is a huge variety of analyzes, some require special training, others oblige only to avoid smoking, alcohol and other potent substances, compounds, drugs. Usually the doctor explains in detail what to do and what not to do before going to the laboratory.

Where to take a blood test? You can contact the laboratory at the state clinic, for this you will first have to get a referral from the therapist. The second option is a private clinic. Here you can order a specific type of blood test, no referral is required.

If you are going to donate blood for hCG, other laboratory tests, it is better to visit the doctor in the morning. They don't have breakfast before. In general, before the tests it is recommended to withstand about 12 hours without food. If it is impossible to pass the test in the morning, they come, having previously endured 6 hours without food. At breakfast, any food containing fat should be avoided. Laboratory studies, if a person is prepared and has chosen a reliable clinic, will allow to identify diseases at an early stage, because according to blood counts, violations can be noticed much earlier, so tangible symptoms appear.

WHO experts even summed up statistics, and its results are indicative: if you know what blood tests are taken and regularly undergo research, doctors will be able to get up to 80% of information about a person’s condition from the results. The diagnosis cannot be based only on the results of studying the life-giving fluid in the laboratory, but without it, the correct diagnosis cannot be formulated at all. With an unclear picture of the disease, laboratory analysis will make it possible to understand in which direction to look for the causes of health disorders. It is recommended to undergo a blood test in the laboratory, not only if you feel unwell, but also as a preventive measure. Where can I take a blood test "just in case"? During the medical examination - in the clinic, which is assigned a permanent address of residence, at any time - in a private laboratory.

Features of preparation for some analyzes

If you need to donate blood for hormones, then before going to the laboratory it is advisable not to eat for 8-12 hours. The easiest way is to have a snack in the evening, and in the morning - go to the clinic, postponing breakfast for a while after the hospital. At the same time, it must be remembered that sweet (and unsweetened) tea, coffee, and other drinks are also food. Hormonal analyzes in this regard are similar to serological, biochemical and many others. However, you can drink water. It is known that warm water well dulls the feeling of hunger. This will allow you not to suffer, waiting for the opportunity to have breakfast.

How to donate blood for a lipid profile? Here the main restriction is also related to food intake. You need to fast for at least 12 hours, otherwise the results will be inaccurate. This group of tests includes the detection of blood concentrations of triglycerides, HDL, LDL, cholesterol.

But with a general blood test, the duration of the time interval between eating and visiting the laboratory is only one hour (but more is possible). The truth is, you can't eat everything. For breakfast, you can allow tea without sugar, porridge without butter, an apple. You are allowed to drink milk.

Constraints and dependency on time

In order for the test results to be as accurate as possible, it is recommended not to eat fatty foods 2 days before the blood test. If suddenly it so happened that on the eve of going to the clinic a large feast was attended, it is better to postpone the procedure. A number of indicators in the blood depend on the time of day, which imposes restrictions on the period of visiting a doctor. If you need to check the concentration of iron, hormones in the blood, then you need to come to the laboratory before 10 am.

If doctors take blood from a vein, it is necessary to prevent, if possible, the influence of external factors on the results. First of all, this applies to physical exertion, as well as nervous overexcitation. Once in the laboratory, you first need to sit for about a quarter of an hour in the waiting room. During this time, a person restores breathing, calms down, and the result will be more accurate. Where to donate blood if it is not possible to visit a doctor at the appointed time? Some modern clinics offer an on-site service. This service is not the cheapest, but health is more valuable than money.

Tests and therapy

If a course of any medications was prescribed, at the same time the doctor recommended to undergo laboratory tests, first you need to find out where to donate blood, visit laboratory assistants, and only after that begin the course of treatment. If some medications are canceled, then blood can be donated two weeks after the last day of admission. In some cases, exceptions are made. As a rule, this applies to studies whose purpose is to identify the effect of drugs on humans. If the attending physician, referring to laboratory tests, does not know that a person is taking any drugs, he should be warned about this.

If an x-ray was prescribed, immediately after this procedure it is impossible to go for blood donation. A similar limitation imposes a rectal examination, physiotherapy. When studying the hormonal background in women from 13 years to menopause, it is important to consider that physiology can affect the results, so the day is chosen based on the menstrual cycle. As a rule, when prescribing a blood test for sex hormones, the doctor gives clear instructions on which day you need to visit the laboratory assistant and what measures need to be taken in advance so that the result is accurate. The accuracy of following the instructions is the key to accurate information extracted from the patient's blood.

Features of some procedures

If the main task of a blood test is to identify an infectious disease, when donating a substance, you need to remember that the result can be a false negative. It depends on the immunity of the person and the period of infection. And yet, a negative result of a blood test cannot serve as a 100% guarantee of the absence of infection, which the doctor usually warns about additionally. As a rule, if the situation is doubtful, the doctor prescribes a second procedure.

When choosing where to donate blood, you need to remember that different clinics, laboratories use different equipment, and the results can be expressed in different units. To avoid an unpleasant situation, you should undergo examination and therapy in the same medical institution.

How to donate blood for hepatitis

If a person has signs that suggest hepatitis, it is necessary to take tests to confirm the diagnosis. Any one method will not give a complete and clear picture, so blood is usually taken for research by several methods at once. The first to receive a general analysis that allows you to assess the state of the body. If a person suffers from a severe pathology, the indicators will be out of the norm, which will allow doctors to pay attention to specific features.

The next step is biochemistry. This analysis allows you to identify the composition of the blood, the concentration of the most important components. With hepatitis, there is an increase in the number of enzymes that reflect inflammation of the liver, the concentration of bilirubin and fractions changes. Before this analysis, you can eat 12 hours in advance, avoiding heavy, fatty foods.

Hepatitis: accuracy is the key to a correct diagnosis

In order for the results of the blood test to be correct, it is necessary to make a coagulogram. This analysis shows the level of clotting. Laboratory assistants check INR, fibrinogen, prothrombin. The results are usually ready on the day the substance is donated. Finally, the last step is the study of the serum, during which the presence of specific antibodies is checked. The method was developed by immunologists and is implemented in a direct or indirect manner. In addition to hepatitis, it is used to detect HIV. In the course of studying the blood obtained from a vein, formed elements are isolated, special antigens are used.

PCR as a method for detecting hepatitis

If you suspect hepatitis infection, your doctor may send you for a blood test by PCR. This study provides accurate information about the RNA, DNA of the virus. Amplification is delayed for several hours, while in the organic material obtained from the patient, under the influence of laboratory methods, the number of copies of the RNA and DNA of the virus increases. This provides a sufficient basis for identifying the pathogen. Currently, PCR is considered to be the leading method for determining infection in terms of reliability.

Properly conducted research in a laboratory with modern, reliable equipment practically guarantees the accuracy of the result. False positive results of the study are almost 100% excluded. To confirm the result, additional analysis of other biological material can be performed. In addition to blood, laboratory technicians can also examine the saliva of a sick person or substances secreted by the genitals. All of these methods are optional and cannot replace a blood test.

Significant blood loss is life-threatening, and in this case, an early transfusion is required. Then a blood donor comes to the rescue - a volunteer who gives part of his own to save another person. The word "donor" is translated from Latin - "to give". Transfusion is vital in a number of cases, such as:

• injuries, surgical interventions, difficult childbirth, severe burns, etc.;
• anemia;
• long-lasting severe bleeding;
• purulent-septic diseases;
• acute intoxications;
• severe toxicity.

Donation law

To organize donation and regulate the issues of blood collection, transportation, storage and its safe use, the law “On donors of blood and its components” was issued. This document defines who can become a blood donor, what requirements are imposed on him, duties are imposed and rights are granted. The law provides for the protection of health and protection of the rights of both the recipient and the person who donates blood.

In 2013, a new law came into force. Changes were made to abolish paid donation, improve the quality of blood and blood products, and create a unified database. Under the new law, some benefits for blood donors have been abolished. From now on, blood is donated only on a gratuitous basis. Only free meals are provided, but no monetary compensation. Now they pay for blood only in cases of complex transfusions. An honorary donor (those who donated blood at least 40 times or plasma at least 60 times) now receives an annual payment of 1.5 times more.

Who can donate blood?

A citizen of the Russian Federation who has reached the age of 18, is suitable for health reasons and has a weight of at least 50 kilograms can become a blood donor. If earlier only a citizen of Russia could donate blood, then under the new law, a foreigner who has legally lived on the territory of the Russian Federation for at least 1 year can also do this.

How to become?

How to become a blood donor? You need to come with a passport and a military ID (for men) to the transfusion station and register. To do this, you need to fill out a questionnaire, honestly answering all questions, and undergo a medical examination, which includes a blood test (general, biochemical, hepatitis, RW, HIV infection) and an examination by a general practitioner. During the initial treatment, you can donate blood only the next day after the physical examination and laboratory tests.

Delivery rules

Often don't donate blood. Men can do this no more than 5 times a year. For women, there are slightly different requirements - a maximum of four times a year. In both cases, the interval between whole blood donations is at least 60 days. Plasma can be donated twice a month, but only a month after donating whole plasma.

Donors donate whole blood or blood components. Plasma is often required, and transfusions of donor platelets, red blood cells, and rarely white blood cells may also be required.

Who can't be a donor?

Exist absolute contraindications for donation and temporary. In the first case, we are talking about people who will never be able to donate blood for transfusion due to past illnesses, no matter how much time has passed after recovery. These include people who suffer from or have had the following illnesses:

• AIDS, HIV-carriage, as well as being at risk (drug addicts, prostitutes, homosexuals);
• viral hepatitis;
• tuberculosis;
• syphilis;
• typhus;
• brucellosis;
• leishmaniasis;
• toxoplasmosis;
• tularemia;
• leprosy;
• blood diseases;
• malignant tumors;
• organic diseases of the central nervous system;
• mental illnesses;
• complete absence of speech and hearing;
• drug addiction, alcoholism;
• ischemia of the heart, atherosclerosis, hypertension of 2 and 3 degrees, heart defects, myocarditis, endocarditis;
• thrombophlebitis;
• bronchial asthma;
• enphysema of the lungs, obstructive bronchitis;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• chronic liver diseases;
• Achilles gastritis;
• stomach ulcer;
• systemic connective tissue diseases;
• complete blindness;
• endocrine diseases with severe metabolic disorders;
• inflammatory and infectious skin diseases;
• high degree of myopia;
• severe acute and chronic ENT diseases;
• radiation sickness;
• osteomyelitis;
• psoriasis, eczema, sycosis, erythroderma;
• fungal infections of the skin and internal organs;
• operations for transplantation and resection of organs.

Temporary restrictions:

• operations, abortions;
• business trips for more than two months;
• acupuncture treatment, tattooing;
• stay in countries with a tropical and subtropical climate for at least three months;
• ARVI, tonsillitis, influenza, other infectious diseases that are not provided for in the section of absolute contraindications;
• extraction of teeth;
• vegetovascular dystonia;
• inflammatory diseases of any localization (chronic or acute) in the acute stage;
• menstruation;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• allergies in exacerbation;
• vaccinations;
• treatment with antibiotics, analgesics, salicylates;
• alcohol intake;
• changes in the composition of the blood.

A temporary ban on donation can range from 10 days to several months and a year, depending on the reason.

Preparation for the procedure

1. Within three days before delivery, a diet must be observed. Do not eat fatty foods and drink alcohol.
2. It is not recommended to come to the transfusion center in the morning after the night shift.
3. On the eve of the procedure, you should have a light dinner, on the day of delivery, only sweet tea and bread are allowed.
4. Immediately after blood sampling, you can not drink alcohol, engage in physical labor, drive transport.

How is the procedure?

The procedure is performed in the donor chair. Only disposable sterile instruments to be destroyed are used. 450 grams of material is taken from the donor, some of which is sent for analysis. Blood is checked for contraindications, group and Rh factor. Then a small amount is administered to the recipient and his condition is monitored. If he feels normal, start transfusion at a rate of about 50 drops per minute. The procedure for donating whole blood takes about 15 minutes, plasma - about 30 minutes, platelets - about 1.5 hours.

Blood sampling is carried out in conditions comfortable for the donor using only disposable sterile instruments.

After the procedure, you need to rest for about 15 minutes and drink sweet tea or juice. In case of dizziness, you should consult a doctor. About an hour you can not smoke, during the day you should not engage in physical labor.

Privileges

The donor is released from work (serviceman) on the day of the procedure and the next day, while maintaining the average salary.

On the day of donation, the donor is provided with free meals.

For those who donated blood during the year in the amount of two maximum doses, additional benefits are provided:

• temporary disability allowance in the amount of full earnings throughout the year, regardless of illness and length of service;
• preferential vouchers to a sanatorium provided at the place of study or work;
• provision of free iron supplements and vitamins to prevent anemia;
• students - 25% supplement to scholarships from the local budget for six months.

The following benefits are provided for honorary donors:

1. Free dental prosthetics in state medical institutions (except for precious metals, cermets, porcelain).
2. 50% discount on medicines, according to the list approved by the government.
3. Free travel in public transport (except taxis).
4. 50% discount on utility bills.
5. Annual paid leave at a convenient time for the donor.
6. Priority provision of preferential vouchers to the sanatorium.
7. Preferential loans for housing construction.

Is donation harmful?

Not everyone decides to donate blood, because they do not know whether donation is harmful or not. There are a lot of rumors and different opinions around this topic.

Doctors say that being a donor is not harmful and not dangerous:

• Only healthy people who have been tested can donate blood, and donating 450 grams is not a threat to health.
• Instruments are used only disposable, they are opened in front of the donor.
• Regular blood donation has a positive effect on the state of health, and a person quickly gets used to its restoration and easily tolerates its loss. After two weeks, its volume is completely restored.
• All donor rights are protected by law.

Conclusion

Donation is a necessary and noble cause. When blood is required for a transfusion, it is often a matter of life and death. Thanks to volunteers who are now not paid, many will be saved, not only strangers, but, perhaps, the closest people.

Donated blood is a valuable and irreplaceable substance that is used for various purposes. How to become a blood donor?

To date, there are various government programs that regulate not only the rules and procedures for donating blood, but also provide donors with various bonuses.

Today we will talk about what you need to know for a person who firmly declares: “I want to become a blood donor!”.

Who can become a blood donor

Any healthy person of their own free will can become a donor.

But some requirements are taken into account:

1. Citizens of Russia or foreigners who have been legally residing on its territory for at least a year are allowed.
2. From what age is it permissible to participate in the procedure? A donor can only be a person who at the time of donation is 18 years old.
3. A citizen of Russia must have a residence permit or registration in the relevant region. However, it must be at least six months.
4. Weight is also important. So, only those people whose weight is at least 50 kg are allowed to the procedure.

Of course, the most important is the contraindications to donation. Persons with diseases should not donate blood to avoid passing the disease on to others. To exclude this, the future donor undergoes an appropriate examination.

Consider: it is forbidden to undergo the procedure for pregnant women and women who have been breastfeeding their children in the last six months.

It is important to understand that if a patient wants to deceive medical professionals, to hide his disease, his data will soon be revealed.

The fact is that all donors are entered into a certain database, and within six months the blood taken is subjected to research. If the biomaterial is rejected, then the patient is unlikely to be allowed to participate in donation again.

I am a donor

If you are in doubt about whether it is possible to be a donor for a certain disease, then you can contact official website http://yadonor.ru/ and in the support service ask the question "Can I become a donor if I have a certain disease."

On this site you will be able to access everything about donation, any information in a very accessible way.

There is also a hotline where you can also address questions - 8 800 333 33 30.

How to become a blood donor

To become a donor, you need to follow a number of steps:

1. Personally appear at the appropriate medical institution and present a passport or other document that proves your identity.
2. Go through an initial examination with a doctor and provide him with the information of interest. First of all, this applies to past diseases that exclude the possibility of donating blood.
3. Undergo a thorough examination, including the delivery of appropriate tests.

If, as a result of the examination, contraindications are not established, then the person is allowed to donate.

How to prepare for donating blood

Donating blood is a rather serious procedure, which must be approached very carefully.

First of all, it is worth considering the rules of preparation:

1. The day before the procedure and the same day, it is not recommended to eat fatty, as well as spicy foods. This applies to dairy products.
2. Particular attention should be paid to the drinking regimen. In this case, tea with jam, various juices, mineral waters and fruit drinks are recommended.
3. A good solution would be to eat pasta on the water, fruit and vegetable dishes. You can drink tea with crackers or dryers, and much more.
4. Two days before the procedure, it is forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages, and three days before the procedure - drugs that contain analgesics or aspirin.
5. Before heading to the transfusion station, you should have a light breakfast. Immediately before the procedure, it is advisable to drink sweet tea.
6. Smoking is not recommended an hour before the test.

Note: donation of blood or its components is prohibited if you feel unwell, if the patient had less than 8 hours of sleep before the procedure, as well as after a night shift. Failure to comply with these conditions can cause significant harm to the body!

blood donation procedure

Where can I donate blood or its components, how does the procedure take place, does it hurt the patient?

This can be done at any city hospital or clinic, at the transfusion station, where the donor comes with a passport.

Without it, he will not be allowed to take blood or its components.

How is the biomaterial handed over? The procedure is carried out in the following sequence:

1. The donor is provided with a questionnaire in which he must indicate his state of health at the moment, as well as describe his lifestyle. After that, a person donates blood from a finger and goes to see a doctor. If the analysis showed the absence of the HIV virus, hepatitis C and B, as well as syphilis, then there is every chance to go further. The doctor has the last word.
2. If permission from the doctor is received, then the donor is sent to the buffet, where he is offered sweet tea.
3. After that, he is invited to the office where the procedure itself is carried out. He sits comfortably in a chair. A tourniquet is applied to his arm above the elbow, and the skin is disinfected. Sterile instruments are used for blood sampling.

During the fence, a person must strongly clench his fist several times. How much blood is taken from a patient? Often take 450 ml. The amount, how much blood is taken, can be changed according to some indications.

If you are interested in how long the whole procedure takes, then it is about 1 hour with registration, a questionnaire, an examination and a doctor, and taking a biomaterial. Of course, depending on the workload of the hospital, this time can be either reduced or increased.

What should be done after the procedure? After visiting the transfusion station, a person should follow some guidelines.

This will prevent the occurrence of complications:

1. If immediately after the procedure there is dizziness and weakness, then you need to seek help from the staff. To eliminate such symptoms, you need to sit down and lower your head.
2. It is better to give up smoking for an hour. As for alcoholic beverages, it is better to refrain from drinking them for at least a day.
3. The bandage must be handled very carefully. It is forbidden to wet or remove it for 3 hours after the procedure;
4. During the day, you should abandon all physical activity.
5. Drinking should be plentiful. The diet should include buckwheat, beets, fish and other foods that contain protein.

The body is fully restored in a week.

How much do they pay for donating blood

In public clinics, blood donation is free of charge. After all, what is donation?

Donation is an absolutely free event, the questions “what is supposed to be?” and “what do they give?” are simply irrelevant here.

The only thing that the patient receives is a food coupon, which is equivalent to 1000 rubles.

In some places, it can be replaced by money in the specified amount.

Since the body experiences stress during the procedure, a person, according to the law, is entitled to an additional day off. Therefore, the patient is issued a certificate of additional day off, which must be given at the place of work.

In paid clinics, the situation is somewhat different. According to order No. 414, issued by the Moscow Health Department on April 29, 2013, a person is paid compensation.

So, how much does the official donor receive:

• blood of a rare phenotype - 800 rubles;
• plasma - 1500 rubles;
• platelets - 3500 rubles;
• erythrocytes - 2500 rubles.

It is worth noting: The cost is for standard volumes of substance to be handed over. Therefore, the price may vary depending on the case.

Benefits for honorary donors

Who is an honorary donor?

After a person has donated blood 40 times (60 times plasma), he automatically becomes an honorary donor.

According to the law of the Russian Federation No. 125-FZ of July 20, 2010, he is granted the following privileges:

• annual vacation at any time chosen by him;
• paid day off after the procedure;
• the right to receive a ticket to a sanatorium;
• annual monetary compensation, regardless of whether the donor has a job, in the amount of 10,557 rubles.

The entire list of benefits must be clarified directly at the transfusion station.

For example, in Moscow, donors are provided with free travel in public transport, free dental care, discounts on medicines and utilities. In St. Petersburg, this list may be different.

The benefits and harms of donation

Donation has certain advantages.

Among them it is worth highlighting:

• regular delivery allows you to control the amount of iron;
• the rejuvenation program is launched;
• the risk of cardiovascular disease is reduced;
• the immune system is strengthened.

As for the harm of donation, everything here depends on the observance of the basic rules and recommendations before, during and after the procedure. In fact, donation is a noble cause. The obtained biological materials are used for transfusion, drug development and other purposes.

Any capable citizen over the age of 18 weighing at least 50 kg, who has undergone a medical examination and has been registered in the Russian Federation for at least a year, can become a donor. To donate blood, you only need a passport.

What documents need to be filled out?

Before donating blood, the future donor fills out the questionnaires of the Blood Transfusion Station, where he must conscientiously answer all questions related to well-being and past illnesses. Both his health and the health of the recipient, the person to whom his blood will be transfused, depend on the sincerity of the donor. Be careful when filling out donor documents! Moreover, according to the Law of the Russian Federation “On donation of blood and its components”, “A citizen who deliberately concealed or distorted information about his state of health bears criminal liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation if such actions have caused or could have caused a significant deterioration in the health of recipients.”

How much blood is taken during blood donation?

Primary and regular donors give 350 - 450 ml of blood - depending on the state of health and indications, according to a medical examination and laboratory tests. Depending on the frequency of donating blood and its components, the following categories of donors are defined: - active (personnel) donors with 3 or more blood donations per year and - reserve donors with less than 3 blood donations per year. Is it possible for the donor to become infected? Donor infection is ruled out. Each donor has its own individual disposable system for blood sampling.

Is donating blood painful?

Feelings of blood donation, like any other, are very individual. And they depend directly on how sensitive and emotionally receptive you are. Most people, including donors, argue that taking blood from a vein is less painful than taking blood from a finger. During blood donation, some people experience mild dizziness. The malaise can be caused by a decrease in the volume of blood circulation. Together with the blood, a certain amount of erythrocytes, carriers of hemoglobin, leaves, which causes a decrease in pressure. The normal body of a healthy person can easily cope with this. Many donors do not find any changes in their state of health. After blood donation, some people experience a “rush of vivacity”, readiness and desire to “do a great job”. Nevertheless, doctors advise to refrain from exertion on this day and take advantage of a well-deserved day off. But almost every donor feels a lot of positive emotions from the realization that he made up his mind, did a good deed, helped save someone's life.

Why is it necessary to donate blood in the morning?

This rule is observed solely in the interests of the donor. Doctors have found that the body reacts best to blood loss in the morning. And the earlier you give blood, the easier this procedure is tolerated by your body. After 12.00 it is recommended to donate blood only to experienced donors. You can not drink alcohol within 48 hours before donating, you need to sleep well, and on the day of donation - have a light breakfast. It is recommended to refrain from smoking - one hour before and after the procedure.

What can and cannot be done after donating blood?

Immediately after giving blood, it is necessary to rest (sit, but it is better to lie down) for 10-15 minutes. If you feel dizzy or weak, contact the staff. Do not remove the bandage within 3-4 hours after blood donation. Shower or bath can be taken the next day. Within two days it is better not to be subjected to increased physical exertion. It is important to drink plenty of water and eat regularly. Vaccinations after blood donation are allowed no earlier than 10 days later. There are no restrictions on driving a car on the day of donation.

When will the blood be fully restored after blood donation?

Complete restoration of blood composition occurs within 30-40 days. The recovery rate of different blood components is different. Erythrocytes are restored in the donor's body within 4-6 weeks, and leukocytes and platelets - by the end of the first week. Plasma is restored within 1-2 days. In order for the composition of the blood to recover faster, it is recommended to drink plenty of fluids - juices, tea. Proper nutrition is necessary: ​​the donor's diet should always contain protein, on which the level of hemoglobin in the blood depends.

Is donation safe for my health?

Yes, for any healthy adult, the process of blood donation is absolutely safe and does not harm the body. According to a study by Finnish scientists, men who donate blood are ten times less susceptible to myocardial infarction; data from American researchers confirm that male donors are 30% less likely to suffer from heart attacks.

Why do I need to donate blood again within a year?

For security. Donated blood is quarantined. 6 months after the blood donation, the donor undergoes a second blood test so that, based on the results of the tests, the blood donated by the donor can be transferred to the city's hospitals and save a human life.

Are safety rules observed at field events?

Yes, they are fully complied with. Qualified doctors strictly control the implementation of all medical rules and regulations, as well as monitor the safety of donors. All premises where field actions take place are personally inspected and approved by the doctor of the Blood Transfusion Station. Be sure to sanitize the day before. Donors, as well as organizers of the action and journalists, enter the donor hall only in shoe covers.

How often can you donate blood?

Men can donate blood no more than 5 times a year, women - no more than 4 times a year. After blood donation, blood can be given again only after 60 days, plasma - after 30 days. After five regular blood donations, it is recommended to take a break of at least 3 months. After donating plasma, at least 14 days must pass before the donor can donate plasma or blood again.

How to prepare for blood donation?

On the eve and on the day of blood donation, it is not recommended to eat fatty, fried, spicy and smoked foods, as well as dairy products, eggs and butter. It is not necessary to give blood on an empty stomach, it is better to drink sweet tea, fruit drinks, compotes, mineral water and eat bread, crackers, dryers, boiled cereals, pasta in water without oil, vegetables and fruits within 72 hours - take medicines containing aspirin and analgesics.

In the morning, you need to have a light breakfast, and immediately before the procedure, the donor is offered sweet tea. Also, an hour before donating blood, you should refrain from smoking. Don't give blood after a night's watch or just a sleepless night. Do not plan to donate blood immediately before exams, competitions, during a particularly intensive period of work.

If you did not find the answer to your question, then ask us! Specialists of the "Donor Fund" are ready to answer all the questions of those wishing to donate blood: by e-mail or This email address is being protected from spambots. You must have JavaScript enabled to view., as well as through the page