We choose frost-resistant tile adhesive for outdoor use. Outdoor tile adhesive Frost-resistant tile adhesive for facing at sub-zero temperatures

In recent years, the picture of cracked tiles on the facades and stairs of buildings has become too frequent and familiar. We no longer notice another opportunity, reflexively attributing the winter “design” to climatic conditions - the frost is the same. Nevertheless, it was not a peculiar geography that helped us to develop an unpleasant conditioned reflex, which even Napoleon could not resist, but the elementary curvature of unfortunate specialists, their misunderstanding of the rules for performing outdoor tile work. In the article, we will consider how to avoid the influence of negative temperatures, how to choose a frost-resistant tile adhesive (for porcelain stoneware and clinker tiles).

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Types of adhesives

The best choice is always accompanied by an understanding of the situation as a whole. To determine the adhesive for outdoor use, first familiarize yourself with the types of adhesive compositions and their purpose. The construction market offers the following types of adhesives:

• Universal. He can handle standard tasks: lining rooms with small and medium-sized slabs, laying slabs outside (except for porcelain stoneware and clinker ceramics). Most inexperienced "users" who started repairs prefer it without delving into the technological nuances. Despite the recommendations for lining both inside and out, it should not be subjected to low temperature tests, otherwise you can become the culprit in the appearance of another ugly picture.
• Reinforced. This type is suitable for slabs with an area of ​​​​more than 30x30 cm. If universal, despite the loud name, it is more expedient to use when laying wall tiles, this one copes well with the requirements for increased adhesion during floor work, including outdoor work. But, again, it adequately responds to dynamic and static loads, but not so well - to temperature ones, so it is better to do without porcelain stoneware.
• For facing of pools (moisture resistant). Prolonged exposure to water adversely affects conventional adhesives. The specifics of the application forces the use of a composition that does not collapse from moisture and does not exfoliate from ceramics in hydro conditions. It is not suitable for outdoor work.
• Heat resistant. The opposite of frost-resistant, it is used when lining fireplaces, stoves and other places with elevated temperatures.
• For non-standard surfaces. Used when laying tiles on wood, metal, etc.
• White. Suitable for transparent mosaic tiling.
• Frost resistant. What you need to perform work outside in domestic conditions. Any place in which there is no permanent heating is the “client” of this type of adhesive composition that fulfills the main requirement - guaranteed resistance to temperature changes. The mixture is based on special additives that promote greater elasticity and adhesion to the base and ceramics, and prevent the deformation of the adhesive. Depending on the manufacturer and brand of the composition, frost-resistant glue can withstand up to -50 degrees.

Comparison of some brands of glue

Today, mixtures of "Ceresit" and "Eunice" are popular in Russia. You will probably find it useful to familiarize yourself with several brands that are suitable for outdoor work. Each company has a wide range of compounds, most of which are not recommended for use in the winter outside. Among those that successfully resist negative temperatures:

• Ceresit CM 17.
• Ceresit CM 117.
• Eunice 2000.

Ceresit CM 17

The main advantages are excellent adhesion and good elasticity. It is not afraid of moisture, it is an excellent layer between the base and porcelain stoneware.

Ceresit CM 117

He can handle any slabs (except marble) and different types of bases: cement, concrete, lime. In addition to the fact that the adhesive is suitable by default for indoor and outdoor use, pool lining, etc., the addition of plasticizers allows it to be used even when laying ceramics in outdoor pools. The characteristics will become clear from the table.

Eunice 2000

The glue is similar to mixtures of the previous manufacturer, the scope is wide. In the details that the table illustrates, there is a noticeable difference with Ceresit solutions.

When choosing an adhesive for facing facades, open steps, etc., try to ensure that the indicators approximately correspond to those given above. This refers to the first two columns describing frost resistance and operating temperature.

The thickness of the adhesive layer also matters. In addition to the fact that it is directly dependent on the size of the tile, a thick layer is always worse than a thin one. Approach surface leveling responsibly. Keep in mind that many manufacturers produce mixtures that can be used when laying in the cold. The lower limit usually does not exceed -15 degrees.

Clinker and porcelain stoneware

Speaking of mixtures for outdoor work, one cannot fail to mention clinker tiles and porcelain stoneware. The fact is that only these types of ceramics are suitable for laying in adverse (primarily in terms of temperature) conditions. Ordinary tiles are too porous, which leads to high water absorption. Water at zero temperature turns into a solid state. The pores clogged with liquid withstand the load for a small number of cycles - the tile is destroyed, the glue peels off. Even the frost resistance of the latter does not save.

In porcelain stoneware and clinker, water absorption tends to zero, which means that you can not be afraid of the accumulation of liquid inside the plates. At the same time, this advantage turns into a minus as soon as it comes to the adhesion of ceramics to the base. Adhesion is provided primarily by the deep penetration of the adhesive into the pores of the ceramic. It doesn't happen here.

Thus, when solving the problem of choosing an adhesive mixture, we are faced with polar problems. The adhesive must simultaneously provide excellent adhesion (in conditions of low porosity), be flexible for negative temperatures and withstand multiple (often sharp) temperature changes. But you already have a reference point, modern technologies solve all profile tasks. The tiler requires a competent choice and strict adherence to technological processes.

The street and low water absorption of porcelain stoneware and clinker tiles require some additional effort on the part of the tiler. If, when laying ordinary ceramics, it is enough to apply glue to one element (base or ceramics), then be sure to coat both elements here. This increases the consumption of the mixture slightly, since in one of the cases it is possible to limit oneself to the thinnest layer. Apply glue and immediately remove with a spatula. The remaining mixture enhances adhesion like a primer.

Laying on mortar

In some cases, it is possible to lay tiles on a cement-sand mortar in winter. If the geographical location of the object allows, in the absence of severe winters, you can do without glue. This method is not recommended, besides, it is not suitable for facing vertical surfaces, but practice shows that the solution holds ceramics well even in frost.

It is very important when working with a solution to “ironize” it, that is, sprinkle it with cement before facing. "Ironization" eliminates the layer of water and sand, which otherwise necessarily occurs when the tiles are tapped. Treat the back side of the ceramic to enhance adhesion. Spray it with PVA or turn to cement again for help. In the latter case, the “rear” of the ceramic should be moistened and evenly sprinkled with cement.
Read about in a separate article.
Carrying out outdoor tile work is not such a difficult task. Enough common sense, certain knowledge and responsibility.

Laying tiles, porcelain stoneware or natural stone outdoors requires strict adherence to generally accepted technology and building codes.

At the same time, one of the components of the guarantee of long years of operation of the cladding is a properly selected adhesive mixture.

Constant changes in humidity and exposure to extremely high and low temperatures are negative factors that only a reliable frost-resistant adhesive with a large margin of safety and high deformative properties can resist.

We will talk about how to choose frost-resistant tile adhesive for outdoor work and how to use it correctly in this article.

What standards should frost-resistant glue meet?

For facing works outside buildings, it is recommended to use only special brands of glue for outdoor work.

According to their characteristics, universal compositions are also suitable for laying on the street, however, the service life of such a cladding will be an order of magnitude lower.

It should be borne in mind that the operating conditions "outdoors" are more aggressive. And it's not just a wider range of temperature differences and exposure to moisture: solar ultraviolet also has its destructive effect. Yes, and mechanical damage on the street have more devastating consequences.

In connection with all the above circumstances, when choosing a tile adhesive for the street, preference should be given to compounds that provide the greatest adhesion (adhesion to the surface).

Adhesive for exterior cladding of buildings must meet the following specifications:

• permissible operating temperature - from -50 to +70 C;
• adhesion to the concrete base after 28 days - not less than 1 MPa;
• frost resistance - over 50-60 cycles;
• time margin for adjusting tiles - at least 20 minutes;
• solution "life" time - not less than 30 minutes;
• the presence of additives-elasticizers is a must.

What to choose - an overview of the best options

A wide variety of dry building mixes for outdoor work from Russian and world brands is presented on the market.

• Ceresit CM 117 is the best solution for porcelain tiles. Frost-resistant adhesive Ceresit for outdoor cladding is designed specifically for laying natural and heavy artificial facing stone, all types of facade tiles and ceramic granite.

The adhesive retains sufficient elasticity after drying, has excellent adhesion, is resistant to slipping of heavy ceramic granite during installation, water and frost resistant.

Suitable for laying various types of mineral finishing materials on concrete, cement screed and solid plaster. A 25-kilogram bag of Ceresit SM 117 glue costs about 800 rubles.

• Eunice Granite - durable plinth cladding. Reliable and affordable tile adhesive for the installation of large-sized facing tiles made of natural stone and porcelain stoneware.

Designed specifically for cladding plinths and columns. A 25-kilogram bag of Eunice Granite glue costs about 450 rubles.

• Vetonit Ultra fix is ​​an excellent frost-resistant adhesive for outdoor laying of all types of ceramic and porcelain tiles.

Excellent adhesion to concrete surfaces and the presence of elastic additives in the composition of the mixture allow the use of Vetonit Ultra fix on freezing bases, as well as in places with heavy traffic.

Frost resistance of Vetonit Ultra Fix glue - more than 150 cycles. It is possible to use the finished solution at temperatures up to minus 10 degrees.

A bag of Vetonit Ultra fix 25 kg glue costs about 600 rubles.

The use of frost-resistant glue - on the example of plinth lining

Consider the procedure for performing work on the example of facing the basement of a country house with natural stone using frost-resistant glue Eunice Granite :

1. Foundation preparation. It must be strong, even, clean, dry, and have sufficient bearing capacity. All dirt and crumbling elements must be removed before cladding. It is recommended to use cement plasters to level unevenness and seal deep cracks. To improve adhesion, it is recommended to treat the surface with a primer.

2. Preparation of the adhesive solution. Only clean containers and tools should be used to mix the adhesive. Water is first poured into the container, then the mixture is added in the proportion of 200 milliliters of water per kilogram of dry mixture. Using a drill with a mixer nozzle, the solution is mixed until a homogeneous mass, then a technological pause is maintained for 3-7 minutes (see instructions) and the mixture is mixed again.

3. Application of finished adhesive. The adhesive solution is applied to the prepared base using a construction trowel with a layer of 5-10 millimeters and leveled with a notched trowel (the size of the tooth is selected depending on the format of the tile, the width of the trowel should be slightly larger than the width of the tile / stone for ease of use).

4. Stone laying. Natural stone slabs are laid on the adhesive layer and pressed in with gentle pressure so that the inner surface of the cladding material adheres tightly to the mortar. Correction of the position of the tiles is possible within 20 minutes.

VIDEO INSTRUCTION

The use of tiles or porcelain stoneware for exterior facades and floors is commonplace. However, it is very common to see newly laid tiles begin to lag behind the surface or burst. This is due to a violation of the laying technology. For outdoor work, especially in regions with a cold climate, it is necessary to use a special frost-resistant tile adhesive, which retains its qualities at sub-zero temperatures. Frost-resistant adhesive may have different compositions depending on the material for which it will be used.

Fields of application of frost-resistant glue

When purchasing a facing material for outdoor work, you must immediately choose the right adhesive, which must be resistant to moisture and low temperatures. There is a large selection of such mixtures on the market, among which it is very easy to get confused. Frost-resistant glue will cost more than usual, but there is no need to save on this, because during the first prolonged frosts, the entire lining may simply fall off, which will lead to increased costs for repeated repairs.

Note. Waterproof frost-resistant tile adhesive is used for outdoor finishing work, as well as in unheated rooms with a high level of humidity. Modifications of frost-resistant glue allow it to be used with any size of finishing material and any type of base.

Frost-resistant mixtures are used for the installation of such types of material as:

• Ceramic tile;
• Porcelain stoneware;
• Natural or artificial stone;
• Gypsum products;
• Paving slabs;
• Cement slabs.

When laying the material on large horizontal areas, an inexpensive type of glue is used, such as Ceresit CM117, Tokan 2MSK or Botact M19. It is also suitable as a frost-resistant adhesive for paving slabs when laying them in a garage or on your own site with little traffic and mechanical stress. For vertical surfaces, more expensive compounds are used, such as Scanmix Super Gray universal adhesive, Ivsil Granite or Ardex X7G.

Important. Typically, frost-resistant tile adhesive has a cement base with various additional additives in the form of aluminum powder, calcium or magnesium. Most of the mixtures have polymeric fillers, which give the mixture moisture resistance and endow it with elastic qualities. When exposed to cold temperatures, the base and tile shrink, causing surface deformation, which is compensated by the polymeric fillers of the adhesive.

The main characteristics of frost-resistant tile adhesive

The outdoor tile adhesive has a thixotropic effect, i.e., thanks to plasticizers and metal additives, it automatically increases strength in a quiescent state and increases elasticity when subjected to mechanical or thermal stresses. Plasticizers make it possible to correct the position of the tile within 15-25 minutes after its laying. Among the main indicators, different from ordinary glue, winter tile adhesive has:

• Increased adhesion with different types of materials;
• Maintaining elasticity at sub-zero temperatures;
• moisture resistance;
• Thermal insulation qualities;
• Long service life;
• Easy to use.

Important. Frost-resistant adhesive for facade tiles has a high degree of instant fixation due to its viscosity, and this makes it possible to lay the facing material from top to bottom. You can use such glue even without experience with tiles. Polymer components allow laying even on polished surfaces, as they create a suction cup effect.

Adhesives for various types of materials can be sold both in the form of a dry mix, which is diluted with ordinary water, and in the form of a ready-made adhesive mass. Ready-made adhesive solutions must be hermetically sealed and when the container is opened, the mixture must be used up within a few hours, otherwise the adhesive will begin to harden and will not be suitable for further use.

When buying tile adhesive on the street, we recommend that you pay attention to manufacturers such as Ceresit, Knauf, Prospectors or Unix. These mixes come in dry form and cost between $5 and $12 per pack. These mixtures are packaged in the weight range from 5 to 25 kilograms.

Porcelain stoneware is one of the most popular finishing materials in terms of aesthetic qualities and performance properties. When laying porcelain stoneware outdoors, it is necessary to strictly observe the technology and norms. The right adhesive mixture will help to increase the life of the facing material, since there are many more various negative factors on the street that affect the wear resistance of materials, including temperature changes from very low to extremely high, the influence of humidity, ultraviolet rays, as well as various mechanical influences. The right outdoor porcelain tile adhesive must be frost-resistant, reliable, durable and with excellent adhesive qualities. To choose the right composition, you should familiarize yourself with the features of this substance and the existing varieties.

Many craftsmen who are accustomed to doing work the old fashioned way wonder why they need to purchase special glues, because you can use cement. But a material such as porcelain stoneware is characterized by reduced porosity and a low water absorption coefficient. Therefore, when laying such tiles, difficulties may arise due to the fact that the cement milk will not be absorbed into the surface of the material. When laying, voids will appear and in the future the tile will come off the base.

It is worth highlighting the following main properties of frost-resistant tile adhesive for outdoor use:

• High degree of adhesion to the surface of materials.
• Good plasticity, which allows you to change the position of the tile within 15 minutes after laying. This feature does not apply to all adhesives, as there are quick-drying varieties.
• The frost resistance of tile adhesive increases the performance properties of the material for outdoor use.
• Water resistance, that is, increased moisture and heavy frequent rains will not affect the appearance.
• Ecological safety, as the composition of the adhesive does not include asbestos fibers.
• Ease of application and application of frost-resistant composition. Suitable for carrying out not only external, but also internal facing and other repair work, such as laying underfloor heating or facing fireplaces.

Important! If a complex material such as wood, plastic, metal or drywall is chosen as the basis for laying porcelain stoneware, you need to choose an adhesive based on polyurethane or epoxy.

On the shelves of stores, frost-resistant adhesive mixture for porcelain stoneware can be found in standard volumes. It is sold in bags of 25 kg. Consumption for each brand and type of glue will be determined individually. On average, this is 25 kg per 1 m². Due to the characteristics of the material, porcelain stoneware tiles are quite heavy, so the selected frost-resistant adhesive must have a high degree of adhesion and compressive strength.

When laying tiles, the thickness of the adhesive layer should be 2-5 mm. This indicator is also determined depending on the characteristics of the tile itself, including its thickness and format. A significant consumption of frost-resistant glue is provided if it is necessary to equip the system with a warm floor, since the thickness of the adhesive layer under the tiles increases.

An ordinary spatula is not suitable for applying frost-resistant tile adhesive, as the result will be poor-quality laying of porcelain stoneware and a decrease in the life of the cladding. For work, you need to choose a comb spatula with a size corresponding to the thickness of the adhesive layer. The corresponding numbers are indicated on the packaging with the tools, but most often this is a direct proportional relationship. The thicker the mixture layer, the higher the tool number and vice versa.

Advice! In order to level the surface for laying tiles, you should not use frost-resistant glue for porcelain stoneware. For these purposes, you need to choose special mixtures, apply them a stage earlier.

Types of Porcelain Stoneware Adhesives and Application Conditions

Frost-resistant adhesive for porcelain stoneware tiles can be of different types, which differ from each other not only in price. The cost depends on the components in the composition, as well as the purpose of the substance.

There are such types:

• The one-component composition is produced in the form of a paste, completely ready for use, characterized by increased elasticity and hardening time.
• The two-component composition has an additional component in the form of epoxy or polyurethane.
• Portland cement mix. It contains plasticizer substances, which give the mixture increased elasticity, so hardening lasts noticeably longer than other compositions, especially than sand-cement. It is used in cases of non-standard operation, for example, under difficult temperature conditions, in conditions of high humidity and others.

Also, depending on the conditions of use of porcelain stoneware, you need to choose the appropriate adhesive.

There are two main areas:

1. Heated floor lining. To ensure high-quality adhesion of porcelain stoneware, it is necessary to choose an adhesive composition with significant elasticity, as well as the ability to normalize the pairing of the base with temperature changes. That is, during operation, such a floor should not shrink so that cracks do not appear on the tile. Many manufacturers in the assortment you can find varieties with a mark on the package about the purpose for working with underfloor heating.

Important! Facing should not be carried out when the floor heating is on. This function can be activated only after the glue has completely cured.

1. Frost resistance is very important if the tiles are to be used for exterior masonry. Suitable formulations for these types of jobs are marked with the letter F on their packaging, as well as a set of numbers that corresponds to the maximum freeze-thaw cycle for this formulation.

Suitable conditions for working with glue

When choosing a tile adhesive for the street, you need to consider the following basic parameters:

• The life time of the composition, how long it retains its properties after kneading. On average, for adhesives, the indicator varies from 1 to 8 hours.
• The time for complete drying or hardening of the adhesive - the average is 24 hours for most manufacturers.
• Curing time, that is, the allowable period during which it is possible to correct the position of the tile or incorrectly fixed other elements of the cladding. The duration is on average from 15 to 30 minutes.
• Ambient temperature. During repair work at an air temperature of more than 15 ° C, you need to choose a type of glue that will dry longer so that you can make adjustments to the work. If the air temperature is less than 15 ° C, then you need to choose a mixture with a maximum solidification rate.

Moisture-resistant and frost-resistant adhesive for street tiles can be of the following types:

1. 1. Universal glue. Designed to fulfill the standard function of being the base for laying small to medium sized slabs outdoors as well as on various other surfaces. This outdoor, frost-resistant glue is preferred by novice craftsmen who are not interested in technological nuances. However, this variety should not be used in cases where a significant decrease in air temperature is possible.
   2. Reinforced adhesive. It is used to lay tiles on the street, as well as outside buildings with a size of 30 * 30 cm. Unlike the universal one, which is more suitable for laying tiles on walls, the reinforced version provides good adhesion during floor laying, as well as outside. Glue also reacts poorly to temperature changes, but it is not afraid of static and dynamic loads.
   3. Moisture-resistant adhesive for lining pools. Standard varieties of glue are not able to withstand prolonged exposure to moisture. If it is water in its pure form, then the substances will rapidly lose their properties. Therefore, for lining pools, special compositions are produced that do not deform, do not collapse under the influence of moisture, and do not exfoliate from porcelain stoneware in water conditions. But such cool compositions are not suitable for outdoor work.
   4. Heat resistant adhesive. It is considered the opposite of frost-resistant and is used for facing with porcelain stoneware or other tiles, artificial stone of stoves, fireplaces, underfloor heating and other areas if high temperatures are present.
   5. For non-standard surfaces- a special facade frost-resistant adhesive that allows you to comfortably work with such bases as metal, wood, plastic and others.
   6. White glue is a special composition for decoration, most often used for facing with transparent mosaics.
   7. Frost-resistant glue- this street glue is able to work in any conditions where there is no constant heating. This adhesive has a high resistance to temperature changes, the composition includes special substances that increase the elasticity of the adhesive composition, as well as its adhesion, primarily to ceramics, porcelain stoneware and the base. During operation, the adhesive is not deformed. Different manufacturers may have different temperature limits.

On video: Tile adhesive for porcelain stoneware.

Manufacturers overview

Most craftsmen use the same adhesive for paving slabs in their professional activities. But it is still difficult for some to decide on a manufacturer of frost-resistant adhesive mixtures for tiles, since there are a huge number of them on modern markets.

It is worth considering the most popular manufacturers and their types:

1. Ceresit CM 17. P enjoys great popularity due to its high degree of elasticity. This adhesive composition is not afraid of frost and moisture, it is able to maintain its properties at temperature changes from -50 to +80 °C. In many cases, Ceresit adhesive is the best frost-resistant choice for bonding tiles to concrete substrates.

2. No less popular among consumers, it is a good frost-resistant option, withstands up to -60 ° C, as well as very high temperatures up to + 60 degrees. The glue is characterized by a fairly fast curing speed, so the time to adjust the position of the material will be only 10-15 minutes.

3. Ceresit CM 117. Differs in high durability and reliability. It is chosen by buyers for gluing heavy, very durable materials and substrates. These are stone slabs, concrete surfaces. Variety CM 117 has a good level of moisture resistance, so it is used for cladding street facades and creating flooring, as well as for finishing baths, pools and saunas.

4. Ceresit CM 9. Can be used for outdoor and indoor work. It has a good level of moisture resistance, but is able to withstand temperatures not lower than 15 degrees. If the operating conditions are not met, this will contribute to a reduction in service life, as well as rapid destruction.

5. is a German brand that has also successfully gained recognition from customers. The properties of frost-resistant adhesive allow it to be used for perfect laying of ceramic tiles. It has good performance in heat resistance, moisture resistance. Operating temperature from -50…+ 50 °C. Knauf's flexible tile adhesive will bond best to a concrete base. Therefore, it is necessary to choose it for such types of work.

6. C It is read by universal German frost-resistant glue, which is suitable for outdoor and indoor work. This is exactly the substance that the manufacturer recommends applying in a thin layer, regardless of the thickness of the material used. The mixture has a good level of frost resistance, but not an important quality of moisture resistance, compared with other varieties. It is best to work with such an adhesive with water-absorbing ceramic tiles.

7. - one of the fastest-drying varieties of glue, which is not afraid of sudden changes in temperature conditions. She feels comfortable on surfaces with an excess amount of moisture. Excellent adhesion and wear of such an adhesive is noted on concrete, cement-concrete and cement-lime bases. But this mixture is completely unsuitable for working with porcelain stoneware when laying a floor heating system.

8. - this brand is better for gluing porcelain tiles on external concrete bases. Differs in high durability, ability to maintain essential mechanical loadings without the subsequent destruction. It can also be used for arranging a floor heating system.

The use of frost-resistant adhesives does not cause any particular difficulties for craftsmen. Typically, the manufacturer on the packaging indicates all the necessary details and operating conditions, offers detailed instructions. You need to dilute the glue according to the instructions. Glue is applied to the base with a special notched trowel.

First you need to prepare the surface for applying the adhesive. It should be cleaned, degreased, treated with a primer to evenly distribute the composition and eliminate problems when laying tiles. The thickness of the layer must be selected depending on the characteristics of the product, as well as the finishing material. There are solutions that are enough to apply a thin layer. This ensures economical consumption and at the same time reliable fastening.

The choice of glue for porcelain tiles (2 videos)

Varieties of glue for porcelain stoneware for outdoor use (24 photos)

• For porcelain stoneware, ceramic tiles, natural stone
• For swimming pool lining
• For facing plinths, cellars, facades, balconies, terraces
• Performance of work up to -10 С
• Cladding complex substrates
• Increased water and frost resistance
• Extended scope
• Increased holding power

Description

Frost-resistant tile adhesive Perfekta Multifix WINTER SERIES ("Universal") is designed for exterior and interior work when facing walls and floors with ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware and natural stone. It can be easily used in the "warm floor" system. Recommended for facing balconies, terraces, plinths, facades. Application for facing of artificial reservoirs and bowls of pools is possible. The supported weight of the tile per 100 cm2 is up to 0.7 kg. Adhesion - 0.8 MPa. Recommendations for performing tile work in winter down to -10 C. It is recommended to use water brought to a temperature of +20 ... +30 C to mix the frost-resistant mixture.

Ready-made tile adhesive solution must be used within 1 hour from the moment of mixing with water. If the solution becomes more viscous (within pot life), mix very thoroughly, but do not add water.

The base and facing elements must be thoroughly cleaned from dust, oil stains, snow, frost, ice and other contaminants. It is recommended to preheat the base with a gas burner or a heat gun, and pre-keep the cladding elements in a warm room.

Work with frost-resistant adhesive for tiles is allowed to be carried out at a temperature of air, base and facing elements not lower than - 10C.

When working with this tile adhesive at normal temperatures (+5 and above), it is possible to reduce the viability of the diluted solution both in the container and on the basis