What zones does the layout of the kitchen consist of. Kitchen layout in two rows - real photos and designer's advice. Free layout: design solutions

What do you think is the most important thing in the kitchen? What determines the convenience of the kitchen? No, not from the size and beautiful furniture, but from the correct layout.
We suggest you disassemble the basic rules and types of kitchen layout.

Basic rules to consider when planning a kitchen

Before embarking on such an important step as planning a kitchen, it is important to consider a number of factors and rules.

Analyze, or better, write out for yourself the following information:

• composition and size of your family;
• the time you usually spend in the kitchen, i.e. how much and how often you plan to cook;
• will you meet guests in the kitchen or will another place be allocated for this (for example, a dining room or a living room);
• does your family like to sit in the kitchen where you usually have lunch and dinner;
• do not forget to take into account your physiological and characterological characteristics, so that it is convenient not only to arrive in the kitchen, but also to get to the cabinets;
• also consider the kitchen areas, whether you will need everything, which ones can be reduced and which ones will need to be increased.

Below we offer you to download a kitchen planning checklist, in which you can write down in detail all your ideas and wishes for high-quality kitchen planning.

There are the following kitchen areas:

• storage area (an important area, which usually includes the refrigerator and cabinets where you store food);

• zone for working with products (we will refer the countertop to this zone, here you directly cut the products, prepare them for cooking). You can read more about how to make a countertop in the kitchen with your own hands in ours.

• cooking area (this is a stove, microwave, oven, and cabinets with cooking utensils can also be included here. Remember that the stove cannot be placed next to the refrigerator and the window. As a rule, the stove should be surrounded by a work surface on both sides);

• cleanliness zone (here we include a sink, a trash can, a dishwasher, boxes for storing cleaning products. For this zone, it is important where the water supply communication is located, so you can start from this zone);

• dining area (eating area)

Given the above rules for zoning the kitchen, there is a basic kitchen rule - the rule of the working triangle.
This rule is desirable, but not required.

The work triangle is such an arrangement of work areas (storage, butchering and cooking, or in another way - stove, sink, refrigerator), which will look like a triangle.

The essence of this approach when planning a kitchen is that when these three zones are close enough, but at the same comfortable distance from each other, the kitchen will be easy and efficient to use.

Depending on the size of your kitchen, the size of the triangle will also be different, but a triangle from 4 to 7 meters is considered optimal. With a greater distance you will get tired of walking, with a smaller one there will be crowding.

But still, the working triangle is not a law, but only a basic rule, so focus more on your lifestyle, which will help you decide on the functionality of your kitchen.

Below in the photo you can see several examples of kitchen layouts that take into account this rule.

The only downside to this rule is that the kitchen will only have three main points, which is convenient for only one person. And if you have two housewives in the kitchen or your husband is also a fan of preparing homemade goodies? Then it remains either to make two triangles, or simply take into account the features of your kitchen and adjust it for yourself.

We have analyzed the basic rule in kitchen planning, now let's go directly to the types of planning, i.e. consider how to properly arrange furniture so that it is comfortable in the kitchen.

Types of kitchen layout

There are only 6 types (types) of kitchen planning

Linear kitchen layout

This is a kitchen in which all the furniture and appliances for the kitchen are located on one wall.
As a rule, this type of layout is typical and more convenient for small kitchens, as it allows you to maintain easy access to all areas. To comply with the rule of the triangle, the refrigerator and stove are located at opposite ends, and the washing area is in the middle.
It is desirable that the length of such a kitchen be at least 2.5 meters

Such a kitchen will be convenient and expedient.

• if you cook little and are rarely in the kitchen
• if you have a small kitchen
• if your kitchen is one with the living room or even part of the apartment (studio apartment)
• if you need to equip a zone for eating, and the dimensions do not really allow you to do this

The advantages of such a layout

• simple and fast (if you are doing the planning yourself)
• inexpensive (as a rule, such projects are cheaper due to the lack of corner cabinets)
• takes up little space
• good for small kitchens, but also suitable for large ones

Disadvantages of a linear layout

• the triangle principle does not work well, which greatly complicates cooking
• as a rule, the working area is not very large

Design Tips

1. Start planning with a sink, consider the water outlets. If it is close to the wall, move it away so as not to hit your hand against the wall when washing dishes, or choose a wider sink.
2. If the dimensions of the kitchen allow, then it is advisable to increase the depth of the cabinets to 60 cm, thereby increasing your storage area.
3. Try to take 40-80 cm to the cooking zone, otherwise it will be inconvenient to work
4. Use folding or roll-out furniture items, such as tables.
5. You can choose almost any style in such a kitchen, but Japanese and Chinese will look better.

Corner layout of the kitchen (L-shaped kitchen)

The most common kitchen layout. Most suitable for medium-sized kitchens with square outlines (from 8 to 10 m 2).

The most convenient kitchen option for implementing the basic planning rule is to create a working triangle.

The corner of the kitchen from above with such a layout can be decorated in two ways: cabinets with a right angle, without an additional set inside, or trapezoid-shaped cabinets with an additional set.

The bottom corner can serve as a sink, cooking area or work area, and convenient corner cabinets with drawers can also be placed

It is advisable to leave a working distance of 40-60 cm between the sink and the hob

To make your kitchen visually look more spacious, reduce the depth of the cabinets by 10-15 cm on one side. Also, to increase the space on one side, you can not hang hanging cabinets. Another option is also possible, to place high cabinets on one side, such a technique, firstly, will help you organize a good storage area, secondly, it will make it possible to build in appliances, and thirdly, such cabinets look like a wall, therefore they visually expand kitchen.

Do not forget to use fittings, for deep corner cabinets this is an indispensable tool.

Another interesting option is the window sill, it can be used both as a countertop and as a storage area by making drawers under it.

Advantages

• good for medium sized kitchens
• convenient to organize a dining area
• it will be convenient when organizing a kitchen in a studio apartment or a kitchen combined with a dining room
• ability to use the triangle rule

disadvantages

• not suitable for narrow and large kitchens
• the cost of the budget of such a kitchen increases, due to corner cabinets, special fittings in cabinets, with uneven walls - ordering such a layout to order

Double row or parallel kitchen layout

This layout of the kitchen is convenient for more spacious, but narrow kitchen spaces. Suitable also for those who have an elongated or walk-through kitchen. Or those who have a balcony door located in the middle and do not make it possible to make a corner kitchen.

The triangle rule is also very convenient and well observed here, since the sink and stove are placed along one wall, and the refrigerator is placed along the other wall.

Optimum row spacing 1.20 – 1.50 m

The advantages of such a kitchen are in its large storage system and the ability to place kitchen appliances in a variety of ways. Due to the lack of corner cabinets, the kitchen will cost you less.

And the big minus is that there is nowhere to place a dining area. Also, the downside is the fact that such a kitchen is difficult to plan on your own, as a result of which you have to order a kitchen, and this hits your pocket. Not suitable for those families where more than one person cooks at the same time.

Planning Tips

1. Select zones in the kitchen
   Let, for example, you have a work area on one side (for cooking), and on the other side a storage area
2. For safety reasons, it is better to install the stove and sink on the same wall, not far from each other.
3. If the door opens to the kitchen and eats up space - remove it altogether, make an arch.
4. Despite the difficulties with the dining area with this layout, nevertheless, think about how you can fit a small table. It can be a bar counter, a small table for two, a folding or pull-out table. You can use a window sill as a table, or if the size of the kitchen allows you to leave some space for the table. With a loggia, it can serve as a great dining area if combined with a kitchen. The most extreme option is to take the dining area to the hotel
5. If your kitchenette is small, then you need to play with the color of the kitchen and kitchen unit. Give preference to light colors and make a set to match the kitchen, so the kitchen will visually appear wider.
6. Also, to visually expand the space, do not broadcast wall cabinets on both walls.
7. If your kitchen is not a walk-through, but ends with a window, balcony or wall, it is very important to decorate this area, since it is the first thing that catches your eye when you enter such a kitchen
8. It is desirable to maintain a single style of furniture on both sides

U or U-shaped kitchen layout

This layout will suit both small kitchens and larger kitchens, but will fit perfectly into a space of 10-12 m 2 in size.

With this layout, it is very easy to enter the rule of the working triangle, placing each of the zones on a separate side of the kitchen.

Often one of the sides of such a kitchen is a bar counter or a peninsula.

This layout is suitable for a kitchen combined with a living room, a square or rectangular kitchen, for those who like to spend a lot of time in the kitchen.

Advantages

• kitchen is not accessible
• Plenty of space for kitchen utensils and household appliances
• great option for smooth zoning of the kitchen-living room

disadvantages

• will be inconvenient for very small or very large kitchens
• such a layout visually narrows the space
• corner cabinets require an additional headset for ease of use, and this hits the pocket
• if you are making such a kitchen in a large space, then you will need an island in the middle of the kitchen, otherwise it will be inconvenient
• initially does not fit any kitchen layout (low window sill, balcony door, etc.) they will not let you put the set with the letter P

Planning Tips

1. Rule of the Triangle - Place Triangle Zones on Separate Sides of Your Kitchen
2. Make the kitchen lighter - discard some of the upper cabinets
3. For storage and a visual increase in the space of the kitchen, on the one hand, you can make a built-in block of tall cabinets
4. It is advisable to make the facades of the kitchen in the color of the walls and preferably in light colors - this will also help visually increase the space.
5. Use additional fittings (swivel shelves, pull-out baskets, carousel shelves, etc.)
6. Use the corners, let them be working, and not just idle and collect dust
7. For such a layout of the kitchen, its lighting will be very important, since the ceiling will definitely be missed. Therefore, think in advance how to additionally illuminate the dining area, cooking area and washing area. For this purpose, you can use both hanging spotlights, LED ice lamps, and fluorescent lighting.

island kitchen layout

Consider this layout option if your kitchen is at least 16 square meters. Those. This option can be safely used by those who have a large kitchen.

The essence of this layout is that the working area or dining area is taken out to the center of the kitchen, thus forming a kind of island. In addition to the dining and working area, the storage area is also wonderfully located on the island.

This island can be of various configurations and differ in functionality, but it is advisable to adhere to the most optimal comfortable size of 180x90. It should be placed so as not to violate the rule of the working triangle, which is easy to observe with such a layout.

Advantages

• such a kitchen is functional, since everything is within reach
• for large rooms creates comfort, as it visually makes the space one
• great option for zoning the kitchen-living room
• convenient to communicate with guests and cook at the same time

disadvantages

• not realistic in small kitchens
• in cases where you are going to move the cooking and washing area to the island, difficulties arise with the supply of communications
• despite the fact that many people use the island as a dining area, it is still not complete for such a function

Planning Tips

1. choose the shape of the island according to the shape of your kitchen, if the kitchen is square, then the island should be square, not rectangular
2. for a large kitchen, you can use an island of round sizes or non-standard shapes, as well as attach a small island to the main island - this will allow you to perform different types of work or cook and eat at the same time.
3. when installing the island, do not forget to make sockets

Also, the island can be turned into a bar counter by using the height or width of the countertop.

If you decide to make the island a cooking area and install a stove, you will have to take care of a hinged hood, keep in mind that it is more difficult to install and therefore more expensive.

Difficulties may arise with masking the duct, most likely you will have to invite a specialist for installation, and this is again finances.

You can successfully use the island, which is combined with the living room as a bookcase on one side and cabinets for kitchen utensils on the other, if you make it with shelves (both open and closed).

To increase the space when using the island, choose it with a through architecture.
An interesting design technique is to make the island different from the main color of the kitchen, in which case the island stands out and looks very stylish.

For those who, well, really want to have an island in the kitchen, but the dimensions of the kitchen do not really allow, there is an option for a small mobile island on wheels

Everything is possible or open plan

This option, as you understand, can combine all the layouts described above. But such a layout can also be complemented by a kitchen on wheels, i.e. when you have a minimum headset, and the one that is always easy to move. For this option, although you need a lot of space, you can always modify the interior.

So, we have considered with you all types of kitchen layouts.

Summarize.

In order to decide on the layout of the kitchen you need.
1. Map out your kitchen. Mark on it the exact dimensions, doors, windows, sockets, communications, ventilation, etc.
2. Design your future kitchen on a piece of paper. Also, magazines, the Internet or special planner programs can help you with this, where you can immediately visually see your kitchen.
3. Turn to specialists who will gladly take into account all your wishes and make the kitchen of your dreams. By the way, this service is not always paid, for example, in Ikea they will help you do it for free.

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The layout of the kitchen is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. A lot depends on the proper placement of furniture and appliances in the kitchen. For example, you might try to fit a bunch of different kitchen items into a small kitchen in the wrong order.

Thus, walking later and bumping into the corners of kitchen utensils. Or, on the contrary, try to make a competent arrangement of furniture in a spacious kitchen. And then run around it like on a football field in search of the right plate.

Where to place everything

When arranging furniture and appliances in the kitchen, it is important to take into account the triangle rule, thanks to which the workflow becomes convenient and comfortable, and most importantly, safe. Such a triangle consists of a stove, a refrigerator and a sink. They are the main components during cooking, since it is between them that movement occurs.

The location should be in the following order: first the refrigerator, the sink is installed in the middle, and then comes the stove. This is due to the natural sequence, that is, the products first lie in the refrigerator, they are taken out, washed and then heat treated.

The main task is to place these items at a distance of at least 60 cm from each other. It is also necessary to take into account the location of communication systems for installing any element. Now more about each of them.

Where to place the sink

There are several options for placing a sink in the kitchen. The most common of them, which is suitable for any layout of the headset, is installation on a straight line. And this is the only way for . The sink is installed in the center between the refrigerator and the stove. It can be rectangular, square, round.

The second option is suitable for a corner layout or U-shape. The location is in the corner. Such sinks are considered corner sinks, but can also be round, rectangular or square.

The effective and brightest place for installing the sink is near the window. In this case, you can combine business with pleasure by watching the beautiful view from the window while washing dishes or food.

Attention! This installation site is generally the most costly, since you need to pull the communications system far enough. Therefore, the cost of installation increases significantly. In addition, you will have to wipe the window much more often due to drops on the glass.

Finally, in a large kitchen it is very convenient to install an addition in the form of an island, where the sink will be placed. It can become a continuation of the work surface, and very often drawers are placed under the table. In this case, it is necessary to think over the broach of communications in advance, since they will pass under the floor.

Where to install the stove

As already mentioned, the stove is included in the working triangle, so its location depends on the sink and refrigerator. In fact, its placement is possible in the same way as sinks, however, certain restrictions must be met.

First of all, it should be at least 60-90 cm from the sink and refrigerator. According to the operating rules, it should not be installed closer than 50 cm from a balcony door or an opening window sash.

A gust of wind can extinguish the flame, which is very dangerous if not noticed in time. Therefore, under the window that opens, the stove should not be installed.

Also, safety standards state that the slab should stand at a distance of at least 6-7 cm from the walls. In this regard, it is not recommended to install it close to the corner. It is best to put a cabinet near the wall or extend the work surface by at least 15 cm, and then put the stove.

Moreover, during cooking, splashes of fat are easier to clean from the countertop, and not from a vertical wall. Therefore, the best option is to position the headset in a straight line.

Where to put the refrigerator

The refrigerator takes up the most space due to its large dimensions, so it is important to choose the right place for it. First of all, you need to look at the side to which it opens.

It is desirable that it be to the nearest wall. In addition, the door must open completely, otherwise the cabinets simply cannot be opened.

The most preferred place for installing the refrigerator is the corner. It will take up little space, will not block the road. Often it is installed near the door, where there is a straight wall and an angle is also formed.

This option may be even more convenient than the first, depending on the layout of the kitchen. Built-in appliances are becoming increasingly popular, so this arrangement of the refrigerator is also relevant. In addition, it will save space, and in general it will advantageously fit into the overall interior.

Placement of washing machine and dishwasher

A washing machine and dishwasher are also often installed in the kitchen. According to the location rules, it is not recommended to put them next to the stove, because, despite the presence of a protective thermal insulation layer, heating can still adversely affect the operation of the device.

The minimum distance between them should be 15 cm, but ideally 40 cm. An end cabinet for installation is also undesirable. Fastening will be unreliable at the expense of fasteners only on this side. Appliances can be either built-in or located under a tabletop that does not have palaces.

Advice! The problem of convenience is solved by the location near the sink of the dishwasher or washing machine. This is not only the availability of detergents on hand, but also helps to easily connect to the communications system.

Small kitchen layout

In a small kitchen, the issue of planning furniture and appliances is particularly acute. It is not always possible to carry out everything planned and install all the necessary elements. Of course, a sink or stove is unlikely to be transferred to another room.

But the refrigerator may well not be installed in the kitchen, but put, for example, in the corridor or hallway. The washing machine can be perfectly placed in the bathroom and free up space in a small room.

If the refrigerator is planned to be installed in the kitchen, it is recommended to choose high and narrow models. They have a large volume, but at the same time, they take up little space in width.

Starting repairs in the kitchen, many housewives first of all think about finishing materials for walls and floors, how best to make an apron, what material to choose a countertop from, about a hood, furniture, etc. But when all the good stuff has already been bought, the question becomes, where to put it all in a small kitchen, and even so that it is convenient. Comfort for the hostess in the kitchen can be ensured if you use not tricky rules for arranging furniture and kitchen appliances, and make a project.

Ergonomics of the kitchen: how to plan an interior project

Ergonomic kitchen - convenient and comfortable. Even in a small area, the room is not cluttered

Regardless of the size of the kitchen area, before starting repairs, it is required to draw a plan for the future kitchen on a piece of paper. Accurately note the arrangement of everything that you want to place in this space. But do not forget about the rules for arranging furniture, the observance of which will help you comfortably spend time cooking.

The main rules for arranging furniture:

• table top- this is the working area where the hostess spends the maximum amount of time, so this equipment is installed depending on her height. The most common height is 85 cm, but if the owners are tall, they will be uncomfortable, so there is an option with a countertop height of 90 - 100 cm. It is not difficult to determine the appropriate height. To do this, the arm is bent at the elbow by 90 * C parallel to the floor and measured 15 cm down.
• Dinner table is selected lower than the countertop. The most common is 70 - 80 cm.
• Gas stove. In order to install it, it takes place at least 50 cm from open balcony doors or windows, where the flame of fire can be blown out by air flow.

The option when the stove is in the corner is also not entirely suitable. The first reason is the distance of 7 cm from the wall, which is indicated in the instructions, which means that precious area is lost. Secondly, splashes that will fall on the side wall are harder to clean than on the countertop.

• The hood is also mounted depending on the growth of the owners. The most common option is 60 - 70 cm, in height from the stove. Taller people are set 10 - 15 cm higher. But with this type of installation, the rule applies, the higher the hood, the more powerful it should be.
• The sink for the kitchen is chosen deep, and the mixer is high, this will allow you to put larger pans in it. can be selected depending on the workplace countertops. Do not forget that the sewer riser should be no more than 2.5 meters from the sink.
• The dishwasher will fit best near the sink, which will make it easier to connect it to communications.
• For a refrigerator, the most suitable place is a corner, and to make it more convenient to use it without taking up extra space, you need to hang the door so that it opens towards the nearest wall (modern models of refrigerators have such a function as rehanging doors).

When choosing an option with the arrangement of furniture, you should immediately exclude the decision where the sink will be located next to the gas stove. Splashes that can fall on the hot surface of the pan will begin to spray intensively.

How to properly plan a kitchen in our video:

Triangle layout, basic principles

The rules of ergonomics for the kitchen are important, but in order to optimize the workflow in the best way, there are also the rules of the triangle. What are these rules, let's try to figure it out in more detail.

There are three vertices in the working triangle, which play a major role in zoning:

1. top one - food storage, namely a refrigerator;
2. the second vertex is the sink, where the products are prepared for cooking;
3. and for cooking, of course, you need a stove, which acts as the third peak.

To achieve maximum convenience, all peaks should be close to each other, this will save the hostess from unnecessary running around the kitchen.

The location of this equipment nearby is also unacceptable, for security reasons. The most optimal distance is 60 cm.

Since the head of the entire workflow is the sink, it is she who takes pride of place in the center. On the sides of it is a refrigerator and a stove.

The action of the working triangle in different:

• Linear kitchen. The triangle is placed on one side of the kitchen. A sink is installed in the center, and from it on both sides, a desktop and only then a refrigerator and a stove.
• Elongated "two-row" kitchen. Since all the furniture is placed on both sides, then the tops, respectively, too. A good option would be when the sink and stove are on one side, and the refrigerator on the other. At the same time, we observe the distance between the rows, which should not be less than 120 cm.
• U-shaped kitchen. Furniture occupies three walls, and therefore the tops are set accordingly. The middle row is a suitable place for the sink, and the opposite two for the refrigerator and stove.
• The kitchen is L-shaped. The most common and convenient kitchen option. A sink is placed in the corner in the center, and a stove and a refrigerator on both sides of it.

L-shaped kitchen is the most convenient

Kitchen layout design tips in our video:

It is the L-shaped version of the kitchen that best zones the space, where the dining area and the cooking area are clearly visible.

Owners who have a small and narrow kitchen are often disappointed when they try to fit all modern appliances into it. To save space for the necessary equipment, you can use a few tricks. The main thing is to use every unused centimeter. Namely:

• if possible, you can expand the window sill, which will make a wonderful countertop;
• every centimeter between existing cabinets can be used for various shelves;
• it is desirable to select furniture multifunctional;
• it would be nice to have all the doors in a sliding version or to be opened by lifting up;
• furniture that has transparent tabletops and backs will visually help to increase the space;
• the door to the kitchen is made with an arch or a sliding option;
• dishwasher and washing machines are best placed under the countertop, it is better to equip;
• for a microwave, you can allocate a place behind the facade of the cabinet;
• we use walls in height, where additional cabinets are mounted;
• cabinets can be replaced with wall-mounted pencil cases.

Rules for a comfortable kitchen and saving space:

Rails and lockers for maximum convenience: how to independently and competently fit into the design

It is not difficult to conveniently place all kitchen furniture and utensils, if you think about what the hostess uses very often, less and less often. So, for example, it has already been determined that the sink is always installed in the center. It is important, for convenience, to correctly define .

Next to the sink there should be a cabinet for freshly washed plates, cups, spoons, etc. It is desirable that under the sink there is space for a trash can and household chemicals.

Putting things in order in the kitchen, you should think carefully, maybe many things are completely unnecessary and just take up space in vain.

Rules for competent and good use of railing:

• near the desktop there are various hooks for working boards, ladles, ladles;
• holders for potholders and an electric lighter are fixed near the stove, but it is better to remove various skimmers and spoons away from it in order to avoid contamination from splashes;
• also, a holder with cells for spices is attached next to the stove;
• paper towels and cup holders are best placed near the sink.

Accessories that are not used often are removed to the very edge of the railing or even folded into a locker.

Comfortable kitchen, modern appliances:

Zoning: the correct and convenient arrangement of furniture in the apartment

Order and maximum comfort in the kitchen can be achieved if the entire space is divided into zones that will be responsible for a specific task. Most often, the kitchen is zoned into: a working area, a dining area and a food storage area. This is important to consider if you are using .

1. The working area is the space where food is prepared.. It is here that the appropriate kitchen utensils should be located, and not near the refrigerator or dining table.
2. The storage area contains a refrigerator, where frozen and perishable products are saved, and a nearby pencil case. It stores products that do not require a low temperature regime, as well as various containers, bags, napkins, etc.
3. Ideally, the dining area should be in another room., and not in the kitchen, but, unfortunately, this option is not suitable for everyone due to the small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment. For the dining area, all you need is a table and chairs.

If the work area and the storage area can be combined into one, simply by placing them side by side, then the dining table, along with chairs, will interfere with movement in the work process.

The simplest solution for a kitchen interior is a ready-made set from the manufacturer: buy, install and forget. However, in the process of operation, annoying flaws and inconveniences come up. I want to change something, somehow rearrange. Projects of kitchen sets, focused on the individual needs of the owner, help to avoid such manifestations. Where do you start in order to competently translate the idea drawn in your head into a tangible object of pride and admiration?

What to consider when preparing a project

Personal preferences, unusual room configuration or non-standard dimensions, no matter what inspired you to design a kitchen set to your own measurements. The main thing is to competently approach the solution of problems.

There are two sides to the creation of any furniture: technical and artistic. Obviously, artistic is style, color and decor. These characteristics of the future furniture set should be determined initially. They do not have a significant impact on the usability and ergonomics of the room, so we lay them down as a visual sketch.

Now let's move on to those indicators that determine the number of pieces of furniture, their configuration, size and place in the layout. In the list of questions for which we need specific answers, we will add:

• is the kitchen used for homemade lunches and dinners
• how many food and kitchen utensils are you going to store in cabinets and shelves
• what is the most convenient arrangement of the main working tools of the kitchen for you
• is there a pet in the house that is fed in the kitchen

Then we take paper and a pencil, and, taking into account the answers to the questions posed above, we draw an approximate plan for arranging furniture. This will be our preliminary plan. To get a full-fledged kitchen project, according to which furniture will be made, you will have to arm yourself with a tape measure, calipers and patience.

We measure furniture to the millimeter

As you know, kitchen sets with standard sizes come into wide consumption. They are designed based on the layout of modern housing. When creating a kitchen set project for yourself, it is worth keeping a certain reference to these standards. This will help not to reshape all pieces of furniture radically. Let us dwell on those sizes that it is desirable not to change, as they are justified by safety and ease of use.

The kitchen set has three components: the lower base, the upper modules and the working wall. Each of them has parameters, changing which will not add to your comfort. They include:

• the depth of the upper cabinets - it should not exceed 450 mm; in order for them to organically connect with the hood and built-in drying, 320 mm are optimal;
• height of the working wall - lay in your project 550-650 mm; at this height, you get the perfect combination of lower and upper cabinets both in terms of visual perception and in terms of ease of use;
• the height of the lower pedestals (with a tabletop) - 850-860 mm is taken as a standard; this indicator is associated with the average height of a person, change it if your height is really very different from the standard;
• the depth of the lower cabinets and the width of the tabletop varies from 550 to 800 mm; this is due to the width of the plates and other household appliances, which cannot be cut.

The internal fullness of the headset is dictated by the dimensions of the room. It is unlikely that in a cramped Khrushchev kitchen you can place more than 8-10 shelves and cabinets without compromising freedom of movement. Placing them on paper will help determine the exact number of cabinets and shelves. Just draw the bottom and top base of your headset, and you will visually calculate their number.

Layout types

The number and also depends on the type of layout.

1. Corner layout. It is used in kitchens of any size, but is ideal for small spaces. In the corner version, furniture and household appliances are placed along adjacent walls.
2. Linear layout. The most common type of layout, when the entire work area is arranged on one wall. It is not recommended for decorating an elongated kitchen, as it visually gives the space a corridor look.
3. U-shaped layout. In it, furniture is placed on three walls, including in a furniture set and a window opening. It looks good in spacious, not burdened by a narrow passage, kitchens.
4. "Peninsula". This type of layout is acceptable for kitchens equipped with a breakfast bar. It does not have a central element, and a bar counter or a cutting table adjacent to the wall divides the room into two zones.
5. "Island". With this decision, a stove or sink is placed in the center of the kitchen, complemented by a worktop for kitchen utensils. It is rare, because it requires space and high ceilings to hide communications.

Having decided on the type of layout, we proceed to the measurement of the territory on which the headset will be installed.

The correct size of the kitchen

To understand what dimensions of cabinets and shelves you will need, you should measure the length of the wall along which they will stand. Then determine the distance between the walls at a level of 10 cm from the floor. The same distance must be measured at the level of the future countertop and at the height of the hanging cabinets (approximately 2 m).

A laser tape measure for measuring distances, calculating areas and volumes is an indispensable tool.

Include in the list of measurements both all protrusions and utility outlets (gas pipe, water pipes and drains). In the window area, consider the protrusion of the window sill and its height from the floor.

When determining the depth of the lower cabinets, decide if you will have a floor plinth.

A prerequisite for the height of the kitchen is that it must be at least 10 cm less than the height of the room.

Consider the height of the upper cabinets, taking into account the ventilation outlet of the hood.

Put all the dimensions on your plan, indicate the places of communications in it. Draw the location of the modules, specifying their sizes.

Active zones and their location

Whatever kitchen layout you have in mind, there are always three zones of the greatest activity in it: a sink, a stove and a refrigerator. It is these objects that are used by hostesses most often. They are involved in cooking, storing food and cleaning the room after cooking. With an eye on them, all the rest of the furniture is lined up. In addition, it is necessary to determine the places for stocks and the surface for the primary processing of products.

Washing located near water and sewer pipes. The shorter the communication objects, the better. Obviously, the back wall of the sink remains open. Next to it, if the dimensions of the room allow, you can put a dishwasher. Inside the sink, equip places for storing household chemicals.

Plate installed near the sink. Between them, a working cooking zone is created. As a rule, it is a cabinet with a countertop. The distance from the sink to the stove must be at least 300 mm.

Fridge located at the end of the working areas, at the window or at the door. A large object, it should not interfere with movement between activity zones.

Important! For the sake of ergonomics and comfort, keep the distance between the stove and the sink no more than 900 mm, and do not move the refrigerator from the sink more than 2 meters.

Cabinets for supplies (cereals, spices) are placed and hung in the far corners.

The layout of wall cabinets also has its own standards. The dish dryer is located above the sink, the hood is above the stove. It is not worth experimenting with these objects, their optimal location is set by purpose, tested by time and experience of the hostesses.

Even if you intend to swap functional areas, basic recommendations cannot be ignored. It is better to place the stove on the right hand of the sink, and do not put the refrigerator near the heating system.

Symmetry and compatibility

Having drawn up a kitchen project in size and visually outlining the location of the upper and lower cabinets, we proceed to their content.

The important thing is the symmetry. The coincidence of the vertical lines of the upper and lower cabinets works for the external beauty of the headset and for the ergonomics of the space.

Composing the geometric pattern of the headset, do not forget about kitchen appliances. If you plan to install a dishwasher or washing machine in the kitchen, decide in advance on the model and find out its dimensions. So you can optimally correctly position all the items in the lower base. Remember about the hood, pick it up to the dimensions of the stove.

The next step is filling the cabinets. The shape of the facades depends on it. For cutlery, small kitchen utensils and pots, a cabinet with drawers is needed. It is installed in the immediate vicinity of the stove or between the sink and the stove.

A cabinet with a dryer or an open dryer, as you decide, is hung above the sink. The sink is also supplied with a facade. The space under it is used for the trash can and household chemicals. You can make a separate cabinet for the sink, without a back, or use the walls of other lower cabinets as a side limit.

For preparatory work with products and the placement of small household appliances, you can cover the lower cabinets with a common countertop. This approach is most often used. It looks aesthetically pleasing, there are no seams in the design, and the area of ​​\u200b\u200ba single tabletop is enough for all manipulations.

The projects of corner kitchen sets include corner cabinets. They fit perfectly into the corner of the kitchen, save space and look stylish. Pedestals can be made in the form of a prism or located end-to-end. In this case, carousel shelves are used to fill the lower cabinets, and the upper shelves are used to store little-used items. If a sink is placed in the corner, the drying dish will also be in the corner.

Important! In a large kitchen, corner joints should be designed at an angle of 45 degrees; for small rooms, a right angle of 90 degrees will be optimal.

Style, shape, color

Having completed the technical tasks, we proceed to the choice of style. The configuration of the shelves and the shape of the facades depend on it. The general drawing of cabinets is a rectangle. However, designers offer both convex and concave facades. In addition, a pencil case and open shelves can become the final element of the headset. They act as limiting elements. The pencil case is used for supplies, and open shelves are filled with decorative details.

Materials are chosen according to the style. Wood and wenge in luxurious classics, glass and metal in minimalist high-tech, plastic and wood in bright modern. For countertops, you can choose artificial or natural stone, a fiberboard panel with a water-repellent coating, plastic. Here, focus on your financial capabilities.

Drawing up the drawing of the cabinets, decide whether they will be on legs or on the floor, with or without a cornice. The height of the facades also depends on this. In floor modules, the height of the facade is calculated so that when opening it does not rub against the countertop. The opening margin should not be less than 17 mm. In the upper shelves, the facades are equal in height to the module frame.

In the corner version, when two frames are joined, the opening for the doors should be 45 mm wider than the doors. This is necessary so that the doors open freely. The remaining gap is closed with a decorative strip.

In the end elements of the headset, with an L-shaped and U-shaped layout, it is better to smooth out the protruding corners of the frames in a semicircle so as not to hit them with shoulders and legs.

If you have a pet, be sure to provide a place to feed it. Perhaps it will be a niche in the lower cabinet, or a high open shelf, or free space from the door to the outermost element of the headset. The main thing is that household members do not step on and stumble over coasters and bowls.

There is enough table and chairs in the dining area. You can take the standard shape and size or order according to your own sketches.

On one's own design a kitchen set not difficult, but it will not be superfluous to consult with specialists. Discuss every detail with the contractor, perhaps he will find miscalculations in your plan that are easier to fix at the preliminary stage.

Color scheme and light

Color dictates style and your personal preference. Affects the palette and position of the window. For the south and east side, where there is good natural light, you can choose dark shades of facades. In northern and western cuisines, it is best to use warm, light colors.

Another important color accent is the apron. It can be made to match the headset or, conversely, highlighted in a contrasting color. It is also useful to provide for fastening rails on it, which will serve to accommodate a ladle, skimmer and other utensils.

The project must also provide for places for lamps. A fluorescent lamp or LED lighting under the upper cabinet, above the cutting table, will improve visibility and facilitate food preparation and cooking. For the island kitchen, lamps are placed above the central object and along the side zones. In the corner version, the light can be broken into the dining and working areas.

Choose by color and household appliances. If you want the set to look in the same style, without household appliances that stand out in shape and color, use the option of built-in appliances when it is covered with facades or decorated with decorative strips.

We are sure that everything has been measured, taken into account and conveniently placed, go to the contractor and order your project.

Video

Proper kitchen layout is not only beautiful, but also very convenient. Cooking takes quite a lot of time and requires the almost constant presence of the hostess in a room where there is an open fire and hot surfaces. The safety of kitchen work and the good mood of the household depend on the successful placement of furniture, because it is no secret that delicious dishes and magnificent pies are created only in a calm and comfortable environment.

A few rules for planning a kitchen

Kitchen rooms are different: large and small, square or elongated. They always have communication pipes located in the most inappropriate places. The arrangement of furniture has to be made taking into account the specifics of each option, but in any case, it is worth adhering to the basic rules for creating a functional working interior.

The combination of safety and practicality makes the kitchen visually appealing. Even an expensive set can be placed in such a way that it loses most of its expressiveness, and in a small kitchen it takes up too much space. To avoid failures in the layout of the kitchen, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. The triangle rule was developed at the beginning of the last century by a practical German woman architect Greta Likhotsky. Even in a small kitchen in a city apartment, the main work points (stove, refrigerator and sink) should be located at the vertices of the triangle. The length of its side is no more than 2 m. The hostess, located at one of the working points, can easily move to the next one, turn around, bend over without difficulty.
2. First you need to determine the place for washing. It is very tightly tied to the outlet of water and sewer pipes, so when planning a kitchen, design should start from this point.
3. It is advisable to place the stove no closer than 40 cm from the sink. The presence of free sections of the countertop between the sink, stove and refrigerator is very convenient if you need to put or put something. Gas stoves do not need to be installed next to a window, as a draft can put out the burners and create an emergency.
4. It is undesirable to place a tall refrigerator so that it divides the work surface (countertop) into parts. An exception may be a device, the height of which allows you to put it instead of a headset pedestal. It is most convenient to install a tall refrigerator in the corner of the room.
5. Shelving, additional tall cabinets and similar items should not be placed in the work area. The ergonomics of space can be disturbed by excess furniture, which will interfere with movement and work.
6. The entire kitchen space is divided into working, walk-through and dining areas. In a very small room, you can temporarily combine them with the help of folding and retractable surfaces (tabletops, seats).

Given the basic planning rules, it is necessary to draw up a plan for the future kitchen. A diagram showing the view of the room from above should be drawn to scale. It is advisable to accurately measure the room in order to avoid annoying mistakes when arranging the cabinets. By noting the location of the sink, windows and doors, you can choose good points for installing the stove and refrigerator.

Letters, islands and straight lines - types of furniture arrangement

The choice of furniture is directly affected by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe kitchen. In the spacious rooms of country mansions, you can easily place a set with a lot of items, and upholstered furniture in the dining area. But most citizens are deprived of such advantages and are forced to arrange everything they need on an area of ​​​​about 6 m².

A convenient layout of a square kitchen, a corresponding zone in a combined room, a miniature room in a small apartment requires the implementation of basic rules. Most headsets are tailored to the needs of the consumer and help create beautiful and comfortable interiors. Typical kitchen layout options can be as follows:

• angular, or L-shaped;
• three-sided (U-shaped);
• linear, or straight;
• parallel (from 2 straight lines).

A separate place is occupied by the lineup, called the island. With this arrangement of furniture, a common working surface of a linear or angular shape is distinguished with a separate unit, where a stove, sink or cutting area can be installed. Sometimes a bar or dining area is combined with an island. In any case, types of kitchens with separate blocks imply more space than in standard apartments.

How to arrange furniture in a small kitchen?

The design of a small kitchen (6-9 m²) can be based on corner or U-shaped furniture placement. These options are the most ergonomic, allowing you to place all 3 reference points at a convenient distance. In addition, it is possible to allocate a dining area that does not intersect with the working compartment.

Household appliances and headset cabinets with this arrangement are installed along 2 or 3 adjacent walls. There is enough room in the center to move around the kitchen. Depending on the location of communications, you can install a sink in the corner of the headset, placing a refrigerator and stove on either side of it.

If desired, the refrigeration appliance can be made the boundary of the working area, and the countertop, which continues behind it with a U-shaped placement, will be used as a bar against the wall. It is very convenient to make an additional plane on it, which can be expanded if necessary, taking up part of the free space in the center. In this case, a folding or sliding table forms a full-fledged dining surface.

These types of layouts will be comfortable and beautiful only in a square kitchen, but will not be suitable for long and narrow rooms. To feel comfortable in an elongated and cramped kitchenette, you can use other ways of arranging furniture.

straight lines

The single-row system for arranging parts of the headset is very simple: all cabinets and household appliances line up along 1 wall. Usually it is opposite to the door in a narrow room. This arrangement of furniture visually masks the length of the kitchen and makes it possible to use the open space closer to the entrance, combining the passage and dining areas. The remote location of the working part of the room allows those present not to interfere with the hostess.

The obvious disadvantage of this arrangement is the impossibility of forming a working triangle. The refrigerator and stove are located on the sides of the sink, and with a sufficiently long zone, moving from point to point becomes not very convenient.

In larger kitchens (12-15 m²), it is advisable to arrange furniture in 2 rows along opposite walls. At the same time, it is possible to build a stove and a sink against one wall, and put a refrigerator and other high appliances on the opposite wall. But in a small aisle, there is no room for a dining table. The only thing that can be placed in the aisle without interference is a bar-type table along the wall.

How to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe kitchen?

If the dimensions of the kitchen are too small (5-5.5 m²), then it is very difficult to choose a set of any of the listed types. But depending on the shape of the room, it is recommended to use an angular or linear arrangement of furniture. The following methods are suitable for acquiring additional free space:

1. Installation of a folding or sliding door. This design frees up the space that was reserved for the free movement of the sash. With a standard width of 70-90 cm, the vacated space will be quite significant (about 0.5 m²).
2. Moving the refrigerator outside the kitchen. A large refrigeration unit is best installed elsewhere. The area occupied by it is about 0.5-0.7 m². To store a small amount of food, you can purchase a small refrigerator and build it into the kitchen as a cabinet.
3. The corner of the headset near the door must be bevelled. This will not only avoid injury when moving, but also free up some space.
4. Currently on sale are headsets for miniature kitchens. In their cabinets, in addition to drawers, there are retractable countertops and seats. The dining area in this case can be temporary and does not require additional space at all.

Of great importance is the color scheme of a small kitchen. Dark shades are undesirable, which visually reduce the room. But don't get carried away with white. The ideal solution would be a kitchen in cheerful, light colors with shiny surfaces. The play of color and light will create the illusion of a spacious, air-filled room.

Large kitchen design

It would seem that in a large kitchen you can install anything and arrange the furniture as you like. But the layout of a large kitchen is subject to the same rules as the smallest one. For vast spaces, neither a corner nor a parallel kitchen is suitable: one of the working points will be removed too much.

Rooms with an area of ​​more than 16 m² must be furnished in such a way that an ergonomic workplace in the form of a triangle with sides no longer than 2 m long is preserved. For this purpose, there are separate blocks - islands and peninsulas. This interior detail can visually separate the working and dining areas, serve as a convenient place for a quick meal or as a table for snacks if guests have gathered in the combined living room.

Often heaters are built into the island block. Hobs, oven, microwave can be combined in a separate kitchen area. For convenience, a small countertop is often added to the island, placed in the dining area. This allows 2-3 family members to sit down for tea drinking without laying a large table.

The peninsula is a variation of the U-shaped kitchen adapted to a large space. A small table combined with a working area can look like a bar counter, performing its functions, and like a familiar small table. Like the island, it perfectly zones the space.

Along with island species, a different planning method is used. It is called freestanding, and one of the ideas that these types of kitchens use is that the parts of the kitchen set can be moved anywhere. Only the sink and upper cabinets remain stationary. The hostess does not have to walk from the cutting board to the stove and refrigerator: the cabinet with a table top is equipped with wheels and can be easily installed next to them. After finishing work, the kitchen set can be placed both against the wall and at the border of the dining area.

Whatever the kitchen, the comfort of the hostess and family members will depend on the right furniture and its placement. Even in a small and modest, but comfortable room, you can create quite acceptable conditions for working and eating.