How to draw a wrench. We make a wrench with our own hands. How to use the key

An open-end wrench will never lose its relevance, if only for the simple reason that a cheaper, faster and more convenient way to tighten or unscrew a nut has not yet been invented. And why invent a new one, if you can improve the old one!

Open-end wrench - what GOST prescribed

In fact, in a simple wrench, there are many complex and highly specialized modifications. Manufacturers, as in the case of screwdrivers, invent and patent their own types of nuts, for which special wrenches are also produced. This is done to protect the equipment itself - so that users cannot disassemble the mechanism and unknowingly harm it, but instead carry the equipment to service centers. Wrenches can be collected like stamps, and still new ones will appear every year.

An open-end wrench is the simplest variation, but there are also cap, end, adjustable, combined products.

According to the design of the key, the nut is fixed between the horns, however, if you look for the name of this invention in GOST, then look for an open-end wrench - this is how it is officially called. If you look closely at the longitudinal axis of the head, you will find that it is at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the handle. This angle is usually 15°, but there are tools with other angles, such as 75°. The angle is needed to facilitate work in a narrowed or limited space. Quite often carob products have two heads with different sizes on opposite ends of the handle. It is not difficult to guess that the presence of such a simple modification significantly reduces the set of open-end wrenches. In any case, having such a set is much more reliable than buying - you will still need the keys.

Versatility and simplicity - these main advantages allow horn instruments to remain popular even today. And this is despite a significant drawback - the presence of only two contact zones, which are located close to the corners of the nut. When pressure is applied to these areas, the destruction of the corners is possible, especially if the wrench size is slightly larger than the nut itself. And with too much effort, the same thing can happen.

Manufacturers offer a solution to this problem with the help of various modifications. For example, they change the profile of the horns - shorten them, make bulges, change the notch itself. Such modifications are found both individually and grouped in one instrument. In this case, the use of wrenches becomes really an order of magnitude more convenient, for example, the product can be moved without removing the nut from the throat - just pull it back.

In addition, the likelihood of corner lubrication is reduced - the contact zones of the horns with the nuts are deeper. If you need to turn a nut with already crumpled corners, try to find a product with small bulges on the inside of the horns. According to the manufacturers themselves, they help to capture even a crumpled nut. It is impossible not to mention another modification of the open-end wrench - power. Such a key is made much thicker than conventional analogues and with a special thickening at the second end, which can be safely hit with a hammer or sledgehammer. With a power tool, you can unscrew rusted or painted nuts without fear of damaging the wrench itself.

Wrenches - ring and slotted

A more perfect wrench is a box or ring version. The second name better conveys the design feature of the tools - their working area is made in the form of a ring, whose internal shape is adapted to grip a nut or bolt. Due to this, such wrenches are deprived of the main drawback of the open-end type - instead of two contact zones, the cap affects all six points, in addition, these points are located a little further from the corners. In sum, this allows without destroying the corners.

The head of the ring tool is smaller compared to the same open-ended version, which again makes it easier to work with such a tool. The internal profile of the head can have both 12 faces and 6. It is the 12-sided tool that is more common, since it is more convenient to work with such a tool - it needs at least 30 ° to move, while the hexagon needs an angle twice as large, which is not always convenient in a narrow space. However, the hexagon has its advantages - due to the larger area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe faces, the contact also increases, so with this key you can carry out power work without fear for the state of the corners of the nut.

For different purposes, there are various options for ring tools, which differ in the location of the head in relation to the handle. The best option is a product with a head bent by 15 °, although for some purposes flat keys or keys with a bend in the handle itself will be convenient. As in the case of open-end wrenches, ring wrenches are produced with two rings of different sizes at opposite ends, and the power modification differs only in a different head. Do not confuse slotted products with carob products - this is just a modification of the annular ones, the slot in the ring allows you to grab a nut closed at the end with a rod.

Particularly popular among motorists and mechanics are combined versions of tools that have a classic carob head at one end and an annular one at the other. If we choose just such a key, then it is better to look for a modification with heads turned 90 ° relative to each other- in this case, no matter what end the master works with, his palm will rest against the wide plane of the opposite head.

Adjustable and socket wrench - to get the right nut

An adjustable wrench is able to change the distance between the jaws, however, this feature was appreciated only in everyday life, in a professional environment they prefer not to deal with them. The fact is that one single advantage entails a lot of disadvantages - this is a large uncomfortable head, and the backlash arising from the mobility of the horns, which in turn helps to smooth the corners of the nut, and the wear of the mechanism of the movable sponge ...

It is much easier to use a socket wrench with interchangeable heads, for that matter - and the nuts will be safe and sound, and the nerves are in order. This variety is most often used in car maintenance - it is much easier to get the right nut with end tools with appropriate recesses at the ends than with conventional tools. Quite often, such products are made in an L-shaped form, with two hexagons at the ends. In this case, the dimensions of the hexagons can be the same, since the ability to get a deeply hidden nut with a long end plays a role here, sacrificing torque, and in the case of a convenient location of the nut, use the other end with a large turn.

End products are also produced with a dodecahedral recess, with the same disadvantages and advantages as for a cap tool. Sometimes manufacturers combine hex and dodecahedral heads in one product. Face tools are also available in T-shaped or cross form for ease of use, in addition, there are products with interchangeable heads, which significantly reduces the size of the set.

Wrote in the title "universal wrench" and coolly doubted. What a key it is when it comes to the real all-powerful lockpick-opener-twist, which can be made in a couple of minutes from an old and useless bicycle chain. Having such a homemade device, you can no longer google and Yandex something like “buy a universal wrench”. You will have a truly almighty tool at your fingertips if you pick up a rusty chain and decide to put in just a little effort.

So let's go. First, we will tell you how this adaptation is made, and then we will show with several examples how it is able to move mountains.

Making a universal wrench: a minimum of words and a maximum of photos

To make this fantastically simple tool, you will need:

• unnecessary bicycle chain;
• a wooden block of such a thickness that it allows you to freely grab it with your hand;
• a sufficiently long screw with a nut;
• drill with a diameter corresponding to the size of the screw.

From a wooden block we measure a piece with a length slightly exceeding the width of the palm.

Carefully cut off the measured piece.

At 2-3 cm from the edge, we outline a place for attaching the chain.

We select a drill with a diameter corresponding to the size of the screw.

We drill a through hole into which the screw will freely enter and insert it there. Then we take the chain from which our universal wrench will be made, and we find in it a collapsible link that allows us to open it.

With an awl, remove the locking pad, disassemble the collapsible link, and then open the chain.

We put one of the extreme links of the open chain on the tail of the screw.

We fix the link with a nut, which we then tighten well.

And now our universal wrench, which we just intended to buy, is ready. And now let's see how our miracle tool works and how to use it.

How to use an Allen wrench and what it can do

The size of the capture of a home-made key can be selected by throwing on the tail of the screw that chain link that provides the required size of the capture loop.

So the loop turned out to be quite large.

If another link is hooked onto the tail of the screw, then the loop may be smaller.

As for the possibilities, for our tool they are almost limitless. For example, they can easily open the abutting cork of a plastic bottle.

With our key, you can completely free to rip off the completely round old nozzle that has rusted to the country tap.

A universal wrench made in this way will allow you to unscrew a rusted bolt of any size.

Our tool is capable of unscrewing the seemingly stuck head of an old faucet.

So, we see that the easily made universal wrench is almost omnipotent. Like this stuff? Do you want to give us praise for the fact that we reminded you of the existence of a well-known homemade product for a long time, or does this tool seem unnecessary to you and you have a desire to scold us? , write about your impressions, and your opinion will be immortalized on the Internet.

Dear site visitors Labuda blog» From the presented material, you will learn how to make a universal key yourself from a bicycle chain, a bolt and three nuts with your own hands. Presented step-by-step photos of the assembly of the key and so let's go ..

Many of you have probably encountered such a problem .. when the edges on the unscrewed nut or bolt are slightly knocked down and the usual wrench simply scrolls without performing its function. This can be solved with the help of a home-made chain wrench working in compression, that is, the stronger the handle of the key, the stronger the chain will be clamped and thereby unscrew any even the most eaten nut or bolt.

To make a universal wrench, you will need a piece of bicycle chain, two nuts and a bolt. We screw the nuts onto the bolt and weld a piece of chain to them in such a way that a grip is obtained and welded to the other side of the nuts. Next, we put the chain on the nut or bolt that needs to be unscrewed and tighten the bolt, thereby tensioning the chain, everything can be unscrewed)

materials

1. bicycle chain
2. nut 2 pcs

Instruments

1. welding inverter
2. UShM (Bulgarian)

Step-by-step instructions for assembling a universal key with your own hands.

And so, the necessary details for assembling the key.

Two nuts are screwed onto the bolt.

We measure the chain, namely how much is needed from nut to nut.

We make a mark in the place where the chain should be riveted.

We clamp the chain in a vise and cut off the rivets with a grinder.

We knock out the rivets.

Then it is stretched and welded on the other side of the nut.

Scale and excess metal is removed using an angle grinder (grinder)

Then we unscrew the bolt and loosen the chain to the required diameter.

We insert the nut and tighten the bolt along the thread, thereby tightening the chain and clamping the resulting connection.

We test the key in action.

We consolidate the material covered by watching the video. Happy viewing)

To unscrew or tighten a nut, bolt, coupling, faucet head, etc. wrench is used. Any master who does male housework or deals with technology has come across this tool at least once in his life.

Wrench sizes

Each device has its own parameters and characteristics. There are generally accepted standards dimensions wrenches. To determine the size of the key, attention is drawn to the clearance that the fixed jaws form. This is pharynx tool. The handle of any wrench contains digital designation. This is the number of millimeters that determines the distance between the jaws. Wrench sizes range from the smallest (2.5x3.2) to the largest (75x80 mm). These are GOST indicators that cannot be violated under any circumstances. Registered and others wrench requirements. Any manufactured tool must have a specified hardness and strength. A special calculation of the maximum deviations of the nominal throat size was carried out; the protective and decorative coating of the key is taken into account; trademark marking is applied, etc.

Wrench sizes

Varieties of wrenches

Now let's deal with what are wrenches. More applicable keys, which include two gaps. Its second name is two-arm key. If you need to unscrew parts with a distance of 19 or 22 mm between the polar faces, then you need to use wrenches with a handle, where there are designations 19 and 22. It happens that in a force majeure situation, a tool of the right size is not always at hand. In this case, a larger wrench will do. If using the wrong size tool, use a screwdriver or knife and insert it into the empty space.

So, what are the wrenches. First of all, movable. These are open-end wrenches, the size of which may vary. Secondly, composite. They consist of a hollow seat, an end structure nozzle and a handle, long or short. There is specific profile keys. These are unusual wrenches. There are hex, bristol and torx wrenches designed to work with computer and bicycle equipment, twisting parts in hard-to-reach places that border on almost jewelry work.

Choosing a wrench

how choose wrench to meet all requirements? The variety of wrenches demonstrates that there are different types of wrenches for every need. It is necessary to proceed from the purpose of its acquisition and the complexity of the task that you set for it. The material for the manufacture of modern keys is a special tool steel, which is composed of chromium and vanadium. Therefore, when referring to the material, they usually say that there are wrenches on sale. chromed.

There is a unique thing that can solve all problems in one fell swoop and save you from having to puzzle over which key to choose. There is universal a wrench that contains all the keys combined. He can use nuts of any size with different head shapes. It does not slip on a smooth surface due to its powerful teeth, which is its clear advantage.

There is also electric wrench, the name of which speaks for itself. This tool is powered by batteries and rechargeable battery. So each master decides for himself which wrenches are best for him.

electric wrench

The price policy of keys is very diverse. As a rule, wrenches price ranges from 21 rubles to 415, depending on the manufacturer and the versatility of technical characteristics. The cheapest will cost single sided key the open throat of which is from 3.2 to 85 mm. When buying, it is also worth remembering the long handle, which limits the range of motion of the key in turns. If one of the jaws is shortened, then, accordingly, the radius of the key will increase. In this case, it is possible to put the wrench on the side of the nut. If the handle is artificially increased, then the applied force will increase, and the jaws of the pharynx will divorce or even break. A sledgehammer can put them in place if they are separated, but the material will no longer be as strong as before. If you have a key made with 40X or 40XFA steel, then there is the option of hardening the sponge.

There is another way how to repair worn or protruding pharynx. Through the welding of the metal layer, the throat volume is adjusted using an abrasive tool. If the open mouth is more than 24 mm, then this key recovery option will be more effective. Life time wrenches ranges from one to three years. When talking about durability of use, they always mention ring key. It cannot be distributed, but it will wear out. There are restrictions on the operation of this type of key. It can be used when put on nuts, but it cannot be used to unscrew, for example, the union nuts of flexible hoses. For plumbing work, ring wrenches are used to loosen or tighten gate valves, cast iron siphons, etc. The advantage of this wrench is a hexagonal or dodecahedral opening, which allows you to work more intensively.

ring wrench

We make a wrench with our own hands

A legitimate question arises, how make a wrench without the help of a specialist. For those who decide to personally make this tool for themselves, there are small tips. It is worth starting to make a wrench with your own hands by making a single-sided or double-sided wrench. Use a sample of a ready-made similar product. Do drawing wrench, based on which you will make your tool.

To start we do blank from a sheet of steel with an overall dimension larger by 2-3 mm than the outer dimension of the sides of the key. There are difficulties with thick blanks. Do not cut with a hacksaw. And the use of a gas burner is contraindicated. It is best to use blacksmithing. This is done by flattening the steel rod.

After the workpiece is, we begin to apply markup. If the workpiece has uneven sides, it is better to file them, remove scales. Then you need apply paint on the finished top. You can apply quick-drying paint or varnish. The overlay of the sample occurs after the paint has dried. It is best to use some kind of press so that the sample does not move during delineations. Sharpened steel wire will act as a scriber. After separating the sample and the workpiece, it is necessary to bring the final risks through 1-2 mm from those already applied, then mark them. First, set the core with an inclination at risk, and straighten it when striking with a hammer. The distance between the pits in the throat should be 3-4 mm.

Well, in the end it is necessary harden manufacturing. At home, this can be done with gas. If you use a blacksmith's forge or a special stove, it will be ideal. To remove the key, pliers are used by lowering one side of the key into the water. After that, you need to take it out and lower it until the sponges completely darken. Then we cool them in water. The opposite side of the key must be processed in the same way. This is the technology for making a wrench.

Making a wrench

Hello dear friends! Today we will make a very simple and effective device that will surely come in handy for people who are engaged in auto repair, plumbing, carpentry, etc. Such a little thing may well come in handy in ordinary household life.

This simple contraption is a universal key that can unscrew anything. The wrench handles all sizes of nuts and bolts perfectly, and it also has excellent grip on any smooth surface such as a water pipe.
Compared to a universal gas wrench, this design has certain advantages. The gas wrench has only two engagement planes, which in turn can deform the part to be unscrewed under strong pressure. Our tool has a “soft” girth due to contact over the entire plane of the unscrewed part.
Wood beam test. On the left is our universal key, and on the right is the gas key.

Also, this key, due to the specificity of its design, is endowed with the ability to work as a universal key with a “ratchet” mechanism: preventing the part from scrolling in the right direction and easily transferring it to the beginning in the opposite position.

To make such a universal key, you need only two parts:

• - Square metal profile 25x25 300 mm long.
• - Motorcycle chain 500 mm long.

Master key assembly

The assembly is incredibly simple and will take you no more than 5 minutes with preparation.
All you need to do is weld one end of the chain to the metal profile. Welding is best done on both sides of the chain.
This completes the build. The universal key is ready to use.

Using the master key

Let's skip the second end of the chain to the center of the profile and you will get a ring that just needs to be put on the part you want to unscrew.

In this tool, the chain is taken for a break and the greater the leverage force, the stronger the chain grip force.
The key perfectly hooks both round objects and faceted ones. For him, there is not much difference, whether it is a nut or a pipe.

Tests

Key test on a round pipe:

Wrench test on hex nut:

The results are excellent in all cases. High grip. Doesn't rotate anything.
Also, this miracle perfectly unscrews plastic and polypropylene pipes, without significant deformations, which is so important when working with soft plastic.

This useful key won't take up much space in your car, garage or home. But it can definitely come in handy at the right time.
So friends, feel free to make your own universal key. Be sure to watch the video of making and testing the universal key.