When and how to plant winter onions. Spring planting of onion sets: terms and rules for planting bulbs At what temperature can onions be planted

Onion is a vegetable crop that is grown by almost every gardener. This is due to the fact that onions are one of the most popular ingredients for cooking, a useful addition to the diet. That is why many summer residents are wondering: how to plant onions so that there are large bulbs? To get a good harvest, onion planting should be carried out taking into account several rules: choosing a place, selecting planting material, determining the optimal season.

Before you start planting a crop, you need to understand what kind of soil the onion loves. The first step is to understand that the onion culture is actively growing and developing in conditions of good light and heat.

If the plant experiences a lack of light, the bulbs will not develop, and the planting will soon wither. Therefore, the best option for growing onions are the central places in the garden, next to which trees do not grow, tall buildings are not located.

Then it is required to determine the type of soil, the earth is diagnosed using litmus paper. Onion likes sandy or sandy soil. Under such conditions, the plant forms a healthy, powerful root system, and also ripens in a timely manner.

1. In autumn, the bed is fertilized with rotted manure or ash. Such fertilizers contain a large amount of nutrients that help the onion develop. The optimal amount of fertilizer per 1 square meter: 6 kilograms.
2. The entire ridge needs to be dug to a depth of 20 centimeters.
3. All debris and weeds are removed from the soil.
4. After the soil has been fertilized, it must be leveled with a rake and left in this state until the onset of the spring period.

Such soil preparation will allow you to get a healthy, large onion crop. In the spring, you need to re-dig the soil. This will allow even distribution of nutrients in the ground.

Planting material preparation

To get a good harvest, it is necessary to process the onion before planting. First of all, the bulbs are moved. For planting, only healthy bulbs, on the surface of which there are no damages, can be used.

1. The selected sevok is distributed by size. This is necessary for uniform cultivation of onions.
2. Planting material is left to dry at a temperature of 35 degrees for 3 days. If it is not possible to dry the onion in this way, it must be calcined in the oven at a temperature of 40 degrees. The processing time in the oven is 4 hours.
3. Then the sevok is immersed in the osta stimulator for 8 hours.
4. The bulbs are removed from the fertilizer and immersed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 10 minutes.
5. The planting material is then rinsed and used for planting.

Such processing and soaking of onions before planting activates metabolic processes in the bulbs, improves their germination, and protects against diseases.

How to plant an onion on a turnip?

To get a healthy plant, a developed turnip, we plant the seedlings in the ground only when it warms up to 12 degrees. In most cases, spring onions are planted on a turnip in mid-April or early May. Landing is best done in cloudy weather, while the street should be dry. Then holes are made in the garden according to the following principle:

• between plants in a row there should be a distance of at least 15 centimeters;
• the distance between rows should be 30 centimeters;
• seedlings should be deepened into holes or grooves by 7–10 centimeters.

After planting the seedlings, the soil should be watered. To do this, you need to use settled water. It is desirable that it be at room temperature.

If during planting the summer resident made a mistake and placed the bulbs close, they need to be thinned out. Otherwise, during the growing season, plant crops will be deficient in nutrients. In this case, the growth of the bulbs will stop, and the root system will begin to intertwine. During this period, it will be difficult to thin out the plants.

Planting onions in July or spring

If the summer resident decided to plant a plant in July or spring, he needs to prepare the beds for onions in the fall. There are several differences between growing a crop in spring or summer.

If the summer resident wants to grow onions from seed material, sowing should be organized immediately after the soil has warmed up and the snow has melted. Only with such a planting will the onion have time to ripen. If the gardener has seedlings that were sown in the last days of February, they should be transplanted into the ground in mid-April. If the summer resident wants to plant a turnip in the spring, the recommendations indicated above will be needed. In this case, sevok is used as planting material.

Many summer residents, in order to get a richer harvest, plant sevok twice. It is worth considering that only in the conditions of the southern climate is it possible to grow onions in July. July planting can only be carried out if the summer season ends in mid or late September.

Having planted onions in the summer, it is necessary to harvest at the end of August, therefore, only early-ripening crop varieties should be used for planting. The July vegetable is planted in a similar way.

Sowing seeds

In most cases, a turnip vegetable is grown in 2 years. Such cultivation is typical for sowing a plant using seeds. From the sown seeds of nigella grows onion sets, which are used for growing turnips the next year. The temperature and scheme of planting, sowing seeds is determined using the following instructions:

1. First, the seeds are soaked in warm water. Such a procedure is necessary in order to select healthy seeds, discard empty ones.
2. After 24 hours, the water is drained. Only the seed that has fallen to the bottom is taken from the bowl.
3. Selected seeds are placed in gauze, wrapped and placed in a dark place.
4. After the seeds dry, they are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.
5. After disinfection, the material is dried and used for sowing.

Soil preparation for sowing is carried out according to the above instructions. Then the summer resident can start sowing:

• in open ground conditions, grooves are made, the depth of which is 2–4 centimeters;
• between the rows is a distance of 10-30 centimeters.
• grooves are watered with hot water to disinfect the soil;
• seeds are sown at a distance of 1-3 centimeters from each other;
• then the ridges are re-irrigated using water at room temperature;
• beds are covered with foil.

After shoots appear on the surface of the soil, the film can be removed.

How to plant onions of winter varieties?

For planting before winter, it is necessary to use a set of small sizes. Planting material grown in spring should be planted 3-4 weeks before the soil freezes. It is better to plant onions when the ambient temperature drops to 5 degrees.

Planting a winter variety is carried out taking into account the instructions:

1. Furrows 3–4 cm deep are formed on the ridge.
2. Furrows are located at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from each other.
3. Sevok is planted in furrows at a distance of 3-10 centimeters from each other. The distance is determined by the estimated dimensions of the turnip: the larger the variety forms a turnip, the longer the distance between sets should be.
4. The furrows are sprinkled with earth, covered with mulch. Dry leaves, humus, spruce branches, tops, sawdust, pine needles are used as mulch.

After the onset of spring, the melting of snow, it is necessary to remove the mulch. This will allow the soil to warm up faster. Then the earth is loosened, the plants are fed with chicken droppings diluted in water. When the leaves appear, you need to make a second top dressing. The best option for this is the drug Plantafol.

Onion harvesting begins when the leaves fall to the ground, and the onion scales acquire the color characteristic of the variety. Onions are dug out very carefully, left to dry in a ventilated area. After the bulbs have dried, they can be stored.

Onion care in the open field

During the cultivation of the plant, it is necessary not only to process the onion before planting, but also to provide other necessary care. To get a good harvest of onions, you must follow a few simple rules:

• watering planting is required once a week;
• use only settled water for irrigation;
• in dry weather, watering is carried out twice a week;
• after watering or rain, the soil must be carefully loosened;
• all emerging weeds must be removed in a timely manner;
• as a means for the prevention of fungal and viral diseases of onions, copper sulfate can be used;
• in July, the number of waterings needs to be reduced so that the turnips are fully ripe.

After the appearance of the first shoots, the plants should be thinned out if necessary.

Chinese way of growing bulbs

In addition to the traditional cultivation method, there is also a Chinese one. Growing large onions from planting material was invented by the Chinese by forming ridges, not ridges. The ridges are formed so that they rise above the ground by 15–20 centimeters, a distance of at least 30 centimeters is maintained between them. Instructions for planting onions in the Chinese way:

1. The prepared sevok is immersed in the ridges 2–3 centimeters deep, sprinkled with earth, and compacted a little.
2. The comb is watered.
3. Then the soil is loosened.

It is better to plant onions in the Chinese way early in the morning to protect them from the sun's rays. This method of planting allows you to grow a rich crop of large, fully ripe and mature bulbs.

We grow onions.

Spring has come and it's time to plant vegetables, including onion, which we are talking about in this article.
Before you start planting anything, it is necessary to carry out spring preparation of the soil for sowing.
The main digging of the earth and fertilization - we did this in the fall. And in the spring we dig the earth with a pitchfork. This makes it possible to loosen the earth and remove the roots of weeds as much as possible, if they are still preserved after our intensive measures for their destruction.
We introduce mineral fertilizers. I prefer the same Kemiru, but already - spring. It contains a complex of fertilizers. If there is no Kemira, nitrogen fertilizers must be applied. You can make complex fertilizers intended for feeding onions. All these fertilizers are freely sold in stores.
Scatter fertilizer in the garden. And then we mix them with the ground with a rake, at the same time we form and cultivate our garden bed.
Choosing seeds.
For sowing, we select seeds with a diameter of 1 to 2 cm. It is not recommended to plant seeds with a diameter of more than 2 cm - “it will go into the arrow” and onions will not grow from such an onion.
Helpful advice. For bulbs with a diameter of more than 2 cm, cut off the tops and plant the onion on the greens. We cut off the tops so that several feathers of green onions grow from one bulb.
I prefer to buy seeds in company stores. In the market (of course) you can buy low-quality seeds and be left without a crop. And in the store, especially the branded type "Sortsemovoshch", I have never bought low-quality seeds.
With a choice onion varieties determined as a result of many years of experience and chose Dutch - Stuttgarden. From it I get almost 100% yield and the bulbs grow medium and large, there are almost no small ones.
We plant onions.
Onions can be planted only after the soil warms up to 10-12 degrees. At low soil temperatures, the probability of shooting is high. The optimal time for planting onions is around May 10th. Under favorable weather conditions, it will ripen by the end of July - the beginning of August, and you will have time to thoroughly dry the bulbs for their best storage - a whole summer month in stock. I came to this conclusion as a result of many years of experiments. We plant onions in rows with a distance between rows - 15-20 cm, between bulbs - 10-15 cm. To make the rows even, before planting, "line" the bed with, for example, a long narrow even stick: put the stick on the ground, slightly press it on the entire length and get an even beautiful strip, along which we will place the bulbs.
Lined? Now we plant.
Since we applied organic fertilizers in the fall, there is no need to apply them in the spring.

Helpful advice. 1. Organic fertilizers applied to the soil. They start "working" only in the next season. That is, in the spring the fertilizers applied in the fall will “work”. If we apply fertilizers in the spring, they will start to "work" at best - only in the fall, if we plant winter onions or other winter vegetables. And if we plant only spring onions, then the fertilizers introduced in spring will begin to “work” only next spring.
2. Never apply fresh organic fertilizers: they form a scab (scab) on the fruits. If it so happened that it was not possible to fertilize since the fall, then apply in the spring, but at the same time, the fertilizers should be at least slightly rotted, not younger than 1 year

We sprinkle our lined rows with wood ash. This will prevent the onion from pests. In addition, ash contains many useful trace elements. Pour water in a thin stream so that the water soaks the soil well.
Before planting, we clean the bulbs as much as possible from excess husks, leaving only the layer that is closely adjacent to the bulb. We keep the bulbs for several minutes in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. This will prevent the onion from developing mold during storage after harvest.
We plant the bulbs at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other. Planting depth depends on the diameter of the bulb. Recommended - two or three diameters. For example, a bulb with a diameter of 1 cm can be planted at a depth of 2-3 cm. The larger the bulb, the deeper it can be planted. She will grow bigger.
Do not forget to sprinkle the planted onion with earth.

Helpful advice. In order to obtain a good harvest, it is recommended to use the so-called crop rotation: Do not plant onions several years in a row in the same bed - this can lead to a decrease in yield. It is recommended to plant onions in the beds where cucumbers, tomatoes, peas, greens grew.
Since my cucumbers and tomatoes grow in greenhouses, I simplified the situation and simply swap onions, carrots and greens every year

We take care of the crop.
We don't water! You can water only if the summer is dry. Just monitor the condition of the soil and water if necessary. If the summer is moderately rainy, there will be enough moisture for our onions. And if the summer is very rainy, then it's a disaster. Harvest may not work, unless you know how to drain the land during heavy rains. Unfortunately, I don't know of any such way. And there were cases of crop loss.
During the summer, we water 1-2 times with grass fertilizer, which we learn about from the same section. agro-technical work in the garden.
If the soil is not very fertile, increase the amount of top dressing up to 2-3 times during the summer.
If the soil in the garden is fertile, then the fertilizers applied in the fall are enough. Remember that everything needs a measure, including when fertilizing. If there is a lot of fertilizer, the bulbs will grow more intensively and may burst.
In no case do not cut off the green feathers of the growing onion, even the most extreme ones: water will flow through the holes formed during the rains, which can cause the bulb to rot. Remember that we plant onions on greens from specially selected bulbs with a diameter of more than 2 cm. You can also plant old onions on greens, which begin to produce green sprouts by May.
We fight diseases, pests, increase productivity.
We have already said that before planting onions, for prevention, we sprinkle the garden with wood ash.
And from onion fly saving onions is quite simple: plant onions and carrots on the same bed, alternating rows. The onion fly can't stand the smell of carrots, and the carrot fly can't stand the smell of onions. That's all science!
Fight shooting pretty simple too. To do this, you need to know the reasons why bow turns into arrows and eliminate these causes:
The seed was stored incorrectly - the temperature regime during storage was violated.
If you prepare the seed yourself, I recommend taking care of its storage conditions:
after harvesting for 8-10 hours, dry the bulbs in the sun or under a canopy at a temperature of 30-35 degrees. If in natural conditions there is no such temperature, you will have to use heaters and fans. Putting in storage. I use thick cardboard boxes for these purposes. Store the sevok in a dry place at a temperature not lower than +20 degrees. Never store onion sets in the cellar, as there is a humid climate and low temperatures. Such conditions are not acceptable for storing onion sets.
If you buy seed in a store, then you do not know anything about the conditions of its storage.
Therefore, we will pay special attention to the prevention of shooting. Since we planted onions in mid-May, and prolonged cooling is possible in May, prolonged exposure to low temperatures leads to shooting. We selected bulbs with a diameter of more than 2 cm for sowing. As mentioned above, such bulbs most often “go into arrows”.
The most difficult thing will be with point 1 if you bought sevok in a store. You can't know how it was stored. Although I have not yet bought bad seeds in branded stores: the company values ​​\u200b\u200bits reputation. And if you follow my recommendation, then consider that you have dealt with point 1. Against this background, the rest is nonsense.
Covering material will help us to “stand” against the May frosts lutrasil (spunbod)., which can be freely purchased at the store. They planted onions and gently covered the bed with this delicate material. For a bed suitable material with a density of 17 cm2. But if it is denser, it is even better, it is stronger. Keep the bed covered until constant heat is established. I keep until the end of June. We open the garden bed only for weeding. Opened, weeded and closed again.
If all of a sudden arrows appear, you can take the advice of the resourceful hostess Maria Molodtsova and cook a simple but unusual green onion soup
We collect the harvest. We put away for storage.
Our onions will ripen by the end of July - beginning of August. At first, you will notice how the green feathers wither, become not juicy green, but faded. This is the first sign that the onion is ripening. Then the feathers will completely wilt, fall to the ground and gradually dry out and fall off. If some withered feathers do not fall off by the time of harvesting, you will have to cut them off with a knife at a height of about 5-7 cm from the onion head.
In good weather, we dry the collected onions in the sun for several hours, then put them under a canopy and dry them for several days until the husk is completely dry.
I recommend storing onions, as my grandmothers did and I have been doing all my life - in nylon stockings (tights), hanging on a nail in a dry, warm room. Ideally, in the kitchen. This method of storage prevents the onion from sprouting and it lasts longer.
Growing onion sets from seed.
To grow onion sets, we need black onion seeds.
Before planting in the ground, the seeds are recommended to be soaked in warm water and kept until white sprouts appear. This is necessary in order to select only viable seeds. It will be a shame if you sow, and some of the seeds will not sprout due to their non-germination. Because you will also have to buy black onion seeds. Although in the company store, a certain percentage of non-germination is present in any seeds.
Sow thickly, in five rows: 5 rows at a distance of 7-8 cm between rows. Then retreat 40 cm and - again 5 rows. Our task is to get bulbs 1-1.5 cm in diameter, so there is no need to pull the onion. Such a sowing scheme makes it convenient to care for growing onions - after all, you will have to weed it. After harvesting, we sort the bulbs with a diameter of 2 cm or more. They are not suitable as sets, we have already talked about this - there is a high probability of shooting.
When growing onion sets from black onion, you can do otherwise: plant black onion in March in a box with earth - for seedlings. In the spring, the grown bulbs are planted in the garden for further growth.
Some people manage to grow turnips from black onions. Experiment if you wish

The goal of every vegetable grower is to get a good quality crop. Any culture has its own characteristics of cultivation. Planting and harvesting dates are interrelated. And the desire to receive products at an earlier date is understandable. There are various ways to speed up the ripening of vegetables. The choice of ultra-early varieties and hybrids, as well as the cultivation of seedlings, can reduce the time of receipt. Winter onions are a relatively new promising method that does not require special costs, allowing you to get a high-quality early turnip crop.

Advantages of the method

Variety "Zimovey"

Winter onions provide gardeners with a high-quality early harvest. Variety "Zimovey" early ripening. Differs in high growth rates of aerial part and root system. High yields are combined with good bulb quality. They are round in shape and dark yellow in color. The average turnip weight is 90-120 g. It is characterized by relative resistance to major diseases. Slightly damaged by pests. Seeds are sown at the end of August. Harvest in late May or early June.

Hybrid "Wolf F1"

Among the varieties of foreign selection, this hybrid can be distinguished. It is early ripe, Japanese type. Has a rounded shape. Bulbs of medium size reach 60 or 80 mm in diameter. The color of the integumentary scales is golden. A marketable bulb is formed in late May or early June. The hybrid is resistant to shooting and has good winter hardiness.

Variety "Stuttgarten Risen"

This winter onion is high-yielding. It was released in Germany. Differs in early terms of maturing. From the regrowth of the sevka to the ripening of a marketable turnip, 65-75 days are enough. One hundred gram bulbs are quite dense, they have excellent keeping qualities. The shape of the turnip is slightly flattened. Surface scales are yellow-brown in color. The variety is recommended for planting seedlings four weeks before the soil freezes.

You should also pay attention to such varieties as "Troy", "Centurion", "Hercules", "Radar".

Small bulbs grown from seeds are the most common planting material for turnips. When to plant onion sets in open ground, and how to do it?

Onion harvest depends on many factors, including proper soil preparation and adherence to agricultural practices after planting. But the time of landing on the beds is crucial.

Planting dates for onion sets

Since it is not frost-resistant seeds that enter the soil, but small bulbs, 1–3 cm in diameter, it is very important that the soil at a depth of 8–10 cm is sufficiently warmed up. If the temperature in the garden is below 12 ° C, the vegetation will not start, and the damp cold earth will cause the seed to rot. Delay is no less dangerous. Poorly rooted bulbs will become easy prey for pests or be oppressed by hot, dry weather.

The time when planting onion sets in the open field, you can get a generous harvest of excellent quality, depends on weather and regional conditions.

The soil warms up to a comfortable temperature in the middle lane in the last decade of April. But spring weather is changeable. Therefore, experienced summer residents are often guided by signs. Bird cherry blossoms can serve as a signal for preparing the beds. When onion sets are planted in open ground in the Moscow region and other areas of the middle lane, it is still too cold to the north, and there is a high risk of frost.

Hurrying with landing, the summer resident exposes the bow to great danger. Returning cold weather is detrimental to germinating bulbs and future crops. According to long-term weather observations, favorable conditions for the Leningrad region, when it will be completely safe to plant onion sets in open ground, come a week later.

With a delay of several days, they are planting in the Ural region and Siberia. After warm days, the changeable weather of spring can bring an unpleasant surprise in the form of a sharp cold snap with snow. Some guarantee of safety for seedlings will be stable heating of the air to 5-10 ° C and above.

Onion shoots appear a week after planting. An unfavorable weather forecast should give the summer resident a signal to thickly mulch the beds and cover the green young feather with a film or dense non-woven material.

High ridges help not to wait for favorable weather and get the earliest, most friendly and high-quality harvest. This agricultural technique is widely used when onion sets are planted in the ground in the Urals, Siberia, the North-West of the country and throughout the Non-Black Earth Region. Due to such agricultural technology, it is possible to raise the soil temperature by 5–10 °C compared to the rest of the plot and not be afraid of frost on the soil.

All given time frames are valid if onions are grown on a turnip. Seeds can be planted on greens for almost the entire warm season, then providing plants with:

• loose soil;
• lack of weeds;
• sufficient moisture;
• complex nutrition.

If we are talking about planting winter onion sets, then it is planted in open ground 25-35 days before the moment when the average daily temperature drops to +5 ° C. By the cold snap, the smallest bulbs, namely, they are used in this case, have time to give from 5 to 7 feathers and take root well. This method of growing vegetables allows you to harvest an excellent harvest in the first half of summer.

How to plant onion sets outdoors

Onions are photophilous, grow well in light, loose soil and need regular but moderate watering. The site for planting is chosen based on these requirements, as well as crop rotation rules.

In cases where onion sets are planted in open ground in the spring, in the fall the beds are dug up to a full bayonet. Acidic soil is deoxidized, sand is added to a dense heavy substrate. At the same time, well-rotted organic matter is introduced. In the spring, digging is repeated, additionally fertilizing the soil with potassium and phosphorus.

To destroy the pathogenic microflora, a week before planting the onion, the furrows are shed with a solution of copper sulphate, phytosporin or another complex agent.

A sand shirt is also made at the bottom. Before planting seeds:

• Dry for 2–3 weeks at a temperature of about 20 ° C;
• then the bulbs are kept at 30–40 °C for several hours.

Another way of processing will help save time. Small onions intended for planting are immersed in water with a temperature of 45–50 ° C for a quarter of an hour. After the bulbs are poured for the same time in cold water. A contrast bath, like a growth stimulator, perfectly activates the vegetative processes. Pink solution of potassium permanganate disinfects.

Seeds pre-sorted by size are planted in furrows:

• with a diameter of up to 1 cm with an interval of 4–5 cm;
• with a diameter of 1.5 cm at a distance of 6–8 cm from each other;
• with a size of more than 2 cm with an interval of up to 10 cm.

A gap of 20 to 45 cm is left between the rows. The bulbs are buried 3–4 cm from the shoulders, the soil is rammed and watered after backfilling. So that the moisture does not evaporate longer, the beds are densely mulched with a layer of up to 3 cm.

Care for onion sets in the open field

Onion care requirements are very simple. The culture needs loosening of the soil, regular weeding and watering, while the bulb is forming, and the greenery is actively growing. Such measures are taken even before the emergence of seedlings.

At an early stage, it is especially important to prevent the formation of a dense airtight crust and overgrowing of beds with weeds.

Watering is needed in May and June, when juicy scales are formed and poured. Each square meter should receive about 8 liters of water. 20 days after planting, in the care of onion sets in the open field, fertilizing with infusion of mullein or humus is included. Later, with the formation of a superficial skin, the need for moisture decreases. If the onion is not gaining weight well, it is fed again. At the same time, the top of each bulb is freed from the soil. Watering is completely stopped 2-3 weeks before harvesting. The turnip is harvested after the feather lodging.

Onion- along with carrots, potatoes and cabbage, it is the most popular vegetable crop that has been used by people everywhere for more than five thousand years.

Onions are used in cooking, medicine, and even in genotoxicological research.

The healing properties of onions are recognized by all the peoples of the world, so it is often used in folk medicine for the preparation of various medicines, as well as in the cosmetic industry.

Probably every gardener is engaged in planting onions on a personal plot.

When is the best time to land?

What soil is suitable for onions?

Let's look at these questions in more detail.

Varieties and features

The onion genus includes more than 500 plant species.. Only 18 of them are widely used in cooking.

Ornamental species with original and beautiful flowers and leaves are also popular. But we will pay special attention to the types used for cooking.

The most common of all, of course, is onions. It is a biennial plant with long tubular leaves, very unpretentious and resistant to short-term frosts.

Batun is a perennial plant, also has tubular leaves. Very demanding on the structure of the soil, does not tolerate darkness.

Leek - one of the typical winter vegetable crops, has flat leaves similar to garlic, but much denser and larger.

Among other types often used also shallot, tiered onion, chives, slime, allspice, scythe, bear, Star of Persia, Aflatun, Giant, Sicilian, Yellow, Drumsticks, Blue and MacLean.

Onion seeds begin to grow at a lower temperature mark of 5-6 ° C. Seedlings can easily survive light frosts.

At the beginning of its development, the plant is very demanding on soil moisture - a lack of moisture, like its excess, inhibits the ripening of the bulbs. To successfully grow bulbs at home or in the garden, it is necessary to use fertile soil that has a neutral composition.

As a rule, planting is carried out in those areas where organic fertilizers were previously applied.. The preparation of the soil cover begins with its digging to the depth of humus after the crops that previously grew in this place.

In the spring, before planting, mineral fertilizers can be applied, consisting of superphosphate - 60 g, urea - 10 g, potassium chloride - 20 g (the amount of fertilizer is indicated per 1 m2).

Planting onion sets

The easiest way to grow onions is to use sets - small onions that grow in the first year after planting the seeds. You can purchase sevok as seedlings in specialized markets or stores.

Seedlings are planted in rows approximately 10-15 cm apart.. Each row should be at a distance of 30 cm from the other.

A small beam is buried in the ground by 1-1.5 cm so that its top is visible. It is not recommended to press the seedlings into the ground; it is best to first make small holes with a garden shovel.

Planting seeds

When choosing the time when to plant onions, you should monitor the temperature.

The most suitable time is the middle of spring when the danger of severe frost has passed.

Sowing should be done directly into the soil, previously well-moistened, but in dry weather. On the site, you need to make shallow holes of 2-2.5 cm. The distance between the holes is 30 cm. Seeds need to be laid out 3-4 pieces for every 20 cm. Then the holes need to be carefully buried and rolled into the ground.

If you sow onions with a continuous tape, then the seedlings will often have to be thinned out. The period of emergence of seedlings depends on the temperature of the soil, and can be about 20 days. Sowing can also be carried out in soil covered with a film, then the planting dates will be pushed back 2-3 weeks earlier.

Talking about how to plant onions correctly, you should not forget about the preliminary preparation of planting material. Seeds are checked for germination a month before planting. Then they put it on a gauze cloth and keep it in hot water for 15 minutes, and then in cold water for 1 minute.

Then the seeds are left on a damp cloth moistened with warm water for a day. Before planting, the seeds are kept in water at room temperature for two days.

Seeds must be sorted by size for uniform germination. The largest bulbs are planted first, then the medium ones, and the small ones last.

A few days before planting, you need to warm up the seedlings at a temperature of 35-40 ° C. If the onion is not warmed up, then it will grow into arrows. For the prevention of various diseases, sevok can be placed for 10 minutes in a solution of copper sulphate.

Care consists in timely weeding and watering.. It is necessary to loosen the onion beds 2.5-3 cm deep once every two weeks. Regardless of the method of planting, watering in hot weather should be done once a week. In strong sunshine, it is worth treating watering with special care so as not to touch the green feathers from the bulbs. Otherwise, they will quickly turn yellow and dry out.

Depending on the scheme and landing technology the onion heads either become large, sprouting thin tall feathers, or remain small, growing into leaves that grow tall and thick.

Onions are harvested when the growth of new feathers stops, and the old ones are adjacent to the ground. As a rule, this period falls at the end of August - the beginning of September. If it is not removed in time, it will resume its growth, but then the bulbs will no longer be suitable for storage and will quickly rot.

After harvest, each bulb must be washed, cleaned of feathers and husks, and then laid out on paper in a dry, ventilated place. After 2-3 weeks, the bare onion will acquire new golden scales, and it can be safely removed to the basement for storage.