The flower dies Ivan and Mary what to do. Ivan da Marya - anti-demonic grass, love. The chemical composition of the Ivan da Marya plant
Often the name Ivan da Marya is used in relation to several different types of plants. Often this is also called meadow sage, and tricolor violet, and Geneva tenacious, and periwinkle, but the more famous plant is oak maryannik. Its other names are Ivanets, bicolor or brother and sister.
This plant belongs to the broomrape family and is considered an annual. Ivan da Marya flower is a melliferous and ornamental plant, but at the same time poisonous. Despite this, it is widely used in folk medicine.
The inflorescence is apical, the raceme is spike-shaped with a rare color. Bracts are heart-shaped-ovate, opposite, pointed with teeth, along the veins and slightly pubescent at the base. At the bottom of the inflorescence, the bracts are green, at the base of the middle part - violet-blue, at the top - purple.
The calyx is usually tubular with pointed teeth. The flowers of the plant are irregularly shaped, the pedicels are small, turned in one direction and pubescent. Corolla yellow, two-lipped, with lower lip and reddish tubule. Blooms from May to September. It prefers to grow in oak forests, on edges and fields, in swampy meadows and among shrubs.
Ivan da Marya grass is widely distributed in European territory. The main places of growth are the forest and forest-steppe zone in the European part of Russia. But also the plant can be found in the Caucasus and in Siberia, Ukraine. The best conditions for plant growth are peat and damp meadows, chalk slopes and deciduous forests.
The genus Mariannik has 35 species. For Russia, the most characteristic species is Ivan-da-Marya (oak maryannik), meadow maryannik, field and cut.
Gallery: Ivan da Marya flower (25 photos)
flower legends
Nature endowed the Ivan da Marya plant with a very bright and contrasting color, which is why so many different legends and tales go around it.
Each nationality tells its own legend of the appearance of a flower, but in every story there were lovers who, in spite of everything, wanted to be together. So this bright flower has become a symbol of fidelity and love. Since ancient times, it was believed that blue is a masculine color, and yellow is feminine. But it is also not surprising that the name uses the most common Russian names - Ivan and Marya. They could symbolize any couple in love. The two most common legends are:
These are the amazing and interesting stories people wrote about this grass. But the flower became famous not only for unusual legends, it also became known for its healing properties.
Application in traditional medicine
In folk medicine, the aerial parts of this herb are used for the preparation of medicines:
- flowers;
- fruit;
- leaves;
- stems.
Beneficial features
Ivan da Marya grass is a poisonous plant. Its entire terrestrial part contains glycosides and alkaloids, including dulcite and aucubin. The seeds are considered very poisonous.
They can cause quite severe poisoning in both humans and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to use the plant as a remedy with caution. Despite this property, the plant has a therapeutic effect in many diseases:
- So, its benefits are obvious in diseases of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, heart (hypertension), as well as in neuralgia and epilepsy.
- It is especially effective to apply externally for skin tuberculosis, diathesis, scabies, rheumatism, various rashes, for washing wounds. Externally, powder from a dried plant can be used, but also juice from a fresh one.
- An infusion of flowers has a calming, sedative, anticonvulsant effect. Tea from the plant is drunk with scrofula.
Possible danger
But you need to use the plant only according to the instructions, otherwise you can harm your health. The main symptoms of overdose, poisoning:
- stomach pain;
- weakness and drowsiness;
- vomiting and nausea;
- reduction in heart rate.
If a person is faced with the need to use this flower, then one should not forget about its toxic properties. The seeds are especially dangerous. They have a narcotic effect, cause drowsiness and irritability. If the above symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor.
The magical properties of the plant
People have long endowed Ivan da Marya grass with magical properties. So, if you pick a plant on the day of the solstice, then the flower will help the one who keeps it with him to get away from the chase.
Also in Russia, it was believed that a person who keeps a flower with him can quickly ride even on a sick and old horse. Previously, many scouts and messengers carried Ivan da Marya in their pockets. It is known that the fresh juice of the flower was given to drink to people who had lost their mind and hearing, reason and memory.
The flowers of Ivan da Marya, which were collected for Ivan Kupala, were kept in the hut. People believed that the flower protects their home from bad people and evil spirits, and also helps to restore relations between spouses. To protect against thieves, flowers were laid out in the corners of the house.
In Russian folk tales, the names Ivan and Marya are quite common. Ivan in fairy tales is either a peasant son, or a good fellow, or a prince. And Marya does not lag behind him - she is either an expert, or a merchant's daughter, or a beautiful princess. In one of these tales, Ivan and Marya once went to the forest to pick mushrooms, and they got into a severe thunderstorm there. Ivan did not lose his head, hugged Marya and covered her from the wind and heavy rain. When the storm ended, the boy and girl returned to their native village. And in the place where they stood, an unusual flower grew - yellow itself, and purple leaves around it, and these leaves, as it were, try to cover the flower, as Ivan covered Marya from the rain. The people nicknamed this plant - "Ivan-da-Marya".
For a long time, this flower has been popular among the people. It was believed that he protects the house from dashing people, therefore, at the time of flowering, Ivan-da-Marya was brought from the forest in whole armfuls and scattered throughout the house. And wreaths were woven from these flowers for Ivan Kupala. Therefore, sometimes these flowers are called kupavki.
Ivan da Marya is an annual plant. It usually grows in the forest. It blooms early, in May and blooms until autumn. In one of the varieties of this plant, the leaves are not purple, but green, and among the people it is called maryannik. The flowers of the plant are collected on one side and look cups down to the ground.
If you want to live - be able to ... grow
Ivan da Marya loves to settle next to other plants. The fact is that its roots are weak, so this plant loves to live at the expense of others - it reaches its roots to the roots of other plants and drinks juice from them.
The best friends of this plant are forest ants. When Ivan da Marya has seeds, the ants drag them to their anthill, where they feast on the oil contained in the seeds. Unnecessary ants seeds are then thrown out of the anthill and subsequently new shoots grow from them. So this plant spreads through the forest. But not only ants like this plant. It is also liked by bees and bumblebees, because Ivan da Marya is a honey plant. It contains delicious nectar in its flowers.
Useful properties of Ivan da Marya
In folk medicine, infusions from this plant are used to treat heart diseases, to heal wounds. And baths with this herb help with skin diseases.
Ivan da Marya is a plant common in the European part of Russia and in western Siberia. It has been covered with legends and beliefs since antiquity, largely due to its contrasting color with bright yellow flowers and blue-violet leaves.
The Eastern Slavs believed that earthly and heavenly things were united in this flower: a flower can connect people with the gods. On the day of the celebration of Ivan Kupala, it was torn down, and it became a symbol of sacred marriage between a man and a woman. Yellow is for the groom and blue is for the bride.
This flower is the herb of strength. It is believed that it can help achieve harmony between yin and yang, bring what a person lacks - complete earthly happiness.
Description and use of the plant
Appearance
Ivan da Marya flower is a herbaceous annual plant. It can be found in meadows, forest clearings, near bushes, on the edge of the forest, near swamps. Botanical designation - Melampyrum nemorosum L. The people have different names: oak maryannik, brother and sister, honeydew, yellowberry, fireflower, jaundice, willow grass, meadow bell ...
The fruit of the plant is an egg-shaped box, similar to a grain of wheat. These seeds are spread by ants, dragging them along the ground. Therefore, dense thickets of this grass are often found along ant paths in the forest.
This plant is an excellent honey plant, but poisonous. Its ground part contains alkaloids and glycosides. The seeds are the most dangerous. Dosage forms from it must be taken carefully.
Today, modern pharmacology is engaged in a deeper study of the plant.
Application in medical practice
The herb Ivan da Marya has long been widely used in folk medicine. It is used in the form of lotions, decoctions, infusions and baths in the treatment of:
- skin diseases
- neuralgia
- hypertension
- dizziness
- heart disease
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Mariannik oakwood has a wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal effect. Fruits with seeds and the ground part of the plant are used.
Successfully treated with herbs:
- epilepsy
- depression
- scabies
- diathesis
- lupus
- rheumatism.
There are no specific contraindications. Not recommended for pregnant women and people prone to allergies. Grass is harvested during the flowering period, which lasts from May to September. Drying is carried out in a room that is well ventilated. Dry raw materials are stored for ten months.
The infusion of the flower is used as an effective remedy for baths and washings. For this, usually 3 tbsp. spoons of dry grass pour 1 liter of boiling water and leave for two hours, then filter.
An infusion of a flower for the treatment of hypertension, heart disease, stomach and neuralgia is prepared from 1 tbsp. spoons of grass, filled with 1 cup boiling water. After half an hour, filter and take 2 times a day for ½ cup.
Externally, a powder of crushed grass is used to heal wounds.
A decoction of the fruits of the plant is used to combat harmful insects.
However, we must remember that the plant is very poisonous, and take precautions.
This plant is believed to have magical properties. Last grass they plucked it on the day of the summer solstice and kept it with them as a means of protection: there was a belief that the flower would protect from the chase and dangerous people. To protect against thieves and evil spirits, Ivan da Marya flowers were placed in the corners of the house.
Fresh juice from a flower was given to people who lost their hearing or reason. It was believed that the presence of this grass in the house did not allow quarrels and disagreements between spouses.
And in our enlightened time, people believe that in order to find beauty and well-being, it is necessary to take a steam bath on Ivan Kupala in a bathhouse with a broom of Ivan da Marya grass.
legends
The Ivan da Marya flower has always been considered a symbol of fidelity and love among the people. There are many legends about the origin of the name of this flower. The most common of them is about Kupala and Kostroma. The legend told that once on the day of the summer solstice, the god of the hearth, Semarg, saw the goddess of the night Bathing suit on the banks of the river Ra (Volga) and fell in love. Their children were born: son Kupala and daughter Kostroma.
It so happened that the swan geese stole Kupala and took it to distant lands. Many years have passed since then. Once the beautiful Kostroma was walking along the river bank, braided a wreath and put it on her head. She told her friends that no one would ever tear a wreath from her head (that is, she would never marry). The gods were angry with her for these words. The wind blew the wreath from her head. The wreath fell into the river. At that time, he sailed past on Kupala's boat and picked up a wreath. According to custom, they were supposed to get married. Only after the wedding did they find out that they were brother and sister, but they had already managed to fall in love with each other. Then, in order not to part, they decided to drown themselves. The gods took pity on them and turned them into a plant Ivan da Marya. Since then, they have always been together.
Grass Ivan da Marya in the country
Currently a flower oak maryannik, so beautifully named by the people and fanned by the legends of our ancestors, finds the greatest use only in folk medicine.
ivan da maria flower
We will use here and below the names rather folk than strictly botanical. Folk names: mariannika oakwood- Ivan da Marya, Ivanets, Ivanova grass, maryannik, brother and sister, pansies, two-flowered, yellowberry, scrofulous grass, fireflower; mariannika meadow- Petrovsky grass, magpie shavings, field cornflowers, kusharka, lucrets, jaundice; mariannika forest- oppression, mare grass; mariannika field- vertebrae, bell, Ivan da Marya, yellowhead, field grass.
Properties and application of Ivan da Marya
List of symbols
Photo by L. Golovneva - Oak maryannik
General information about the plant Ivan da Marya
Mariannik Dubravny (Melampyrum nemorosum L.) is an annual herbaceous plant with a pubescent stem. Leaves opposite, ovate-lanceolate. The flowers are light yellow, two-lipped, collected in spike-shaped inflorescences. The fruit is an ovoid capsule. Seeds are large, oblong, brown or almost black. Plant height - 15-60 cm.
Photo by L. Golovneva - Oak maryannik, variety
The plant is distinguished by a particularly striking contrast of bracts of blue tones and bright yellow corollas. It is very decorative, therefore it often attracted the attention of painters and poets, but when plucked into bouquets, it quickly fades. The flowers of Ivan da Marya produce abundant nectar and are deservedly considered a good honey plant.
The name Ivan da Marya in different areas can be given to several (different) herbaceous plants, the flowers of which (or the upper parts of the whole plant) are distinguished by the presence of two sharply distinguishable colors, most often yellow and blue or purple. Most often, the word Ivan da Marya is called the oak maryannik, less often the tricolor violet. Even less often, this name is given to meadow sage and periwinkle - they also have two brightly different colors.
Oak maryannik is found in the northern, middle and southwestern zones of the European part of Russia. It grows in forest clearings (sometimes in large massifs), forest edges, hills, in thickets of shrubs, marshy meadows and chalk slopes. The most common plant in our meadows, clearings and edges of deciduous forests, where it blooms from late spring to early autumn (May-September).
Five types of maryannik grow in our zone: oak maryannik(M. nemorosum L.); maryannik field(M. arvensis L.); maryannik meadow(M. pratense L.); maryannik forest(M. silvaticum L.) and split mariannik(M. laciniatum Kosh).
In the photo - Mariannik meadow
In the photo - Maryannik forest
The most common maryanniki: meadow and cut. Mariannik meadow is very similar to Ivan da Marya, but only it does not have purple leaves, and the flowers are almost white. This type of maryannik is typical for coniferous forests, although it has the specific name "meadow".
In the photo - Mariannik field
Legends and traditions
Many legends associated with Ivan da Marya are dedicated to the symbolism of forbidden love. This is the tragic story of Kostroma and Kupala (Ivan and Marya), who fell in love with each other, not even suspecting that they were brother and sister. When they found out about this, Kupala threw himself into the fire (yellow flower of the plant), and Kostroma drowned himself (blue flower), after which they were reborn in the form of this plant. According to another version: Ivan-Kupala has a purple shirt, and Marya-Kostroma has a yellow handkerchief. Previously, this herb was called Kupala da Mavka. (sometimes Navka, i.e. mermaid - V.S.) - drowned Kostroma, which turned into a mermaid.
This story is directly timed to coincide with the Kupala holiday. It is on this day that the Ivan da Marya plant is torn, which has special properties.
Features of Ivan da Marya
Ivan da Marya (Oak Maryannik) and its healing properties
The plant is poisonous. The internal use of maryanniki, as poisonous plants, requires great care. It is known that the plant contains traces of alkaloids, glucoside melompicrite (dulcite), and in the seeds - a very poisonous glucoside rinanthin (aucubin), which has a narcotic and local irritant effect. In case of seed poisoning, weakness, drowsiness are observed, and cardiac activity is weakened.
Poisoning of sheep and horses can be observed when they are fed with grain and flour contaminated with maryannik seeds. Sick animals become drowsy, tremble, blood appears in their urine, and a heartbeat is noted. First aid consists in prescribing laxatives first, and then in conducting a course of symptomatic therapy (stimulating, cardiac, etc.).
Currently, Ivan da Marya is used only in traditional medicine.
Infusion of Ivan da Marya
An infusion of Ivan da Marya herbs is used as an effective remedy for baths and local washings in the treatment of various rashes, diathesis, eczema, skin tuberculosis, scabies, demodicosis, rheumatism. To prepare the infusion 3 tbsp. l. maryannik is poured with 1 liter of boiling water and, after insisting for about 2 hours, filtered.
In the treatment of hypertension, dizziness, heart disease, neuralgia, epilepsy, diseases of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, another infusion of oak maryannik is used. For its preparation 1 tbsp. l. herbs are poured with a glass of boiling water, then insisted for half an hour and, after straining, take half a glass twice a day.
A decoction of the fruits of Ivan da Marya
A decoction of fruits destroy harmful insects. Incl. can be used to disinfect the land of indoor plants. Attention! A decoction of the fruit of this plant is poisonous.
Shredded parts of Ivan da Marya
With the help of fresh chopped grass and its powder, the process of wound healing (disinfection) is accelerated.
Special and magical properties
It is believed that the magical properties of this plant, which is plucked on the summer solstice, are that it helps to escape the chase of the one who keeps it with him. There is also a belief that a person who has this flower with him can drive fast even on an old horse. Previously, Ivan da Marya was carried by messengers and scouts (scouts). In addition, fresh juice squeezed from this flower was given to drink to those who lost their hearing or mind, memory, or reason (Beware - the plant is poisonous - V.S.). The flowers of Ivan da Marya, collected on Kupala and stored in the house, protect the house from people with bad intentions, evil spirits (anti-demonic grass) and restore harmony between spouses. The flowers of this plant are placed in the corners of the house. Such a ritual helps protect the home from thieves as well.
Illustrations botanical
Mariannik oakwood
Mariannik meadow
Mariannik field
Mariannik forest
The legend of the Ivan da Marya flower tells about the young man Ivan and the girl Marya, who decided never to part and turn into beautiful flowers. Since then, Ivan has had a purple shirt, and Maria has a yellow handkerchief. So they stand and nowhere without each other ... In memory of two loving hearts, the people called the flower Ivan da Marya.
Ivan da Marya plant (Melampyrum nemorosum L.), otherwise called by the people: oak maryannik, brother and sister, brother, medullary, yellowberry, copperhead, fire flower, jaundice, Ivanova grass, tricolor grass, meadow bell - one of four flowers attributes of a fortune-telling wreath for the feast of Ivan Kupala. But more and more he is known as a plant adam-and-eva (ivan-da-marya)) ...
It was believed among the people that the flowers of Ivan da Marya, collected on Kupala, protect the house from black people all year round, and the grass restores peace in the family between spouses. The plant is also interesting in that its seeds attract ants with their fragrant sac, as a result, they drag them through the forest, spreading the plant ...
Description of the Ivan da Marya plant.
A herbaceous, annual plant of the norichnikov family, Ivan da Marya, grows to a height of 15 - 50 cm. The roots of the plant have suckers that attach to the roots of other plants and feed on their juice.
The stem of the oak maryannik is branched, straight, pubescent with whitish hairs down. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, opposite, entire, long-pointed.
The flower of Ivan da Marya is drooping, all the flowers sit one at a time on short pedicels, in the axils of the upper leaves, turned in one direction, grouped into a loose brush. Each flower has a bract, purple, mauve, crimson or blue, color more intense at the top. Corolla bright yellow, calyx long-pubescent. The fruit of Ivan da Marya is an egg-shaped box, opening up divided in two. The flowering of the plant can be observed from late spring to autumn.
Where does fireflower grow (Ivan da Marya)?
The medicinal plant Ivan da Marya is common in the forest-steppe and forest European part of Russia, in the north-west and west of the forest-steppe of Ukraine, in the Caucasus, and brought it to Siberia. It occurs in deciduous forests, in shrubs, along forest edges, on chalk slopes and damp peat meadows.
Photo of Ivan da Marya plant.
Photo of a honeydew flower (Ivana da Marya).
You can see a larger photo of the flower if you click on the photo.
Harvesting plants Ivan da Marya.
For the manufacture of preparations, the medicinal herb Ivan da Marya (flowers, stems, leaves) and fruits are used. The fruits of the plant are harvested in July - September, the aerial part - in May - September. The grass is dried in the shade, under a canopy, stored for no more than 10 months separately from other plants.
The chemical composition of the Ivan da Marya plant.
The composition of the plant includes the glycoside dulcit, alkaloids, the poisonous glycoside aucubin was found in the seeds.
Medicinal properties of the herb Ivan da Marya.
The honeydew plant has a local irritant, insecticidal, narcotic, wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect.
Application of the Ivan da Marya plant.
Traditional medicine has found application for infusion of herbs for diseases of the heart, stomach, urticaria, scrofula, and externally uses it in the form of washings and baths for various rashes, scrofula, scabies and eczema, diathesis and skin tuberculosis.
The fresh crushed aerial part of the medicinal plant heals wounds. An aqueous decoction of the fruits of the Ivana da Marya plant is used as an insecticide to kill insects. Also, the herb maryannik oak is used for epilepsy.
Medunka: recipes for treatment.
Infusion of Ivan da Marya.
3 art. l. Pour the herbs of the medicinal plant maryannik oak with a liter of boiling water, soak for 2 hours, filter. Use for washing and local baths for skin diseases.
Ivan da Marya infusion for epilepsy.
1 st. l. pour a glass of boiling water over the herbs of the medicinal plant Ivana da Marya, soak for 30 minutes, and then filter. Drink half a glass twice a day.
Contraindications to the use of Ivan da Marya.
Be careful, the plant contains poisonous glycosides!