Wood grinder: tips for choosing and reviews of manufacturers. Belt sanders for wood What is the best sander for wood

This article is for anyone who works with wood and wants to make the process of sanding easier. Sanding wood is a time-consuming process that can be greatly facilitated by using the right tools. For wood processing, belt, oscillatory or eccentric, as well as deltoid grinders are suitable. There are several types of wood finishing tools on the market: belt sanders, eccentric, orbital.

How to choose a wood grinder, which is better belt or vibration, which type of device is best suited for specific purposes? Before finding the answer to these questions, we should understand how different models differ, compare their functions with our needs.

Types of grinders for wood

The right choice of a device for a home, a summer residence depends on the type of work performed, the characteristics of the workpieces:

• the form;
• the size;
• grinding corners, hard-to-reach areas;
• type of coverage.

Different tools are suitable for individual jobs:

• a belt sander is chosen for grinding large, flat surfaces;
• an eccentric sander allows you to conveniently process convex, concave small wooden surfaces;
• the oscillation (vibration) model has a similar application, with the possibility of processing corners due to the rectangular sole;
• delta wood sander is ideal for processing surfaces with complex shapes that are inaccessible to most grinders; a small footprint is recommended for small wooden surfaces.

Tape

Model Description

If the surface is large, relatively flat, it is better to choose a belt sander. It is designed to handle:

Belt sanders are characterized by the highest efficiency, used in workshops, rarely for home work.

Due to their high productivity, belt sanders can process large areas in a short period of time with excellent results. The treated surface is smooth and uniform. Since belt sanders are primarily used for linear motion, they are ideal for sanding along the grain of the wood.

The disadvantage of belt grinders is the design of the base, which does not allow reaching hard-to-reach corners. The edge of the belt is not at the same time the edge of the sole, so surfaces, for example, near the wall, are not accessible to the belt sander. In this case, you need a deltoid model.

Video - tape machine Bosch PBS 75A

Which tape model to choose?

To choose the right belt sander, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

• Movement speed of the working part– the higher the speed, the faster and more precisely the surface is polished. Depending on the model, the speed can vary from 200 to 420 rpm.
• Tape size affects the speed, accuracy of grinding. The larger the size, the faster the grinding occurs, but the accuracy decreases.
• Power– the higher the power, the better the tool processes a hard, complex surface (hard hardwood - oak). Thanks to the high power, the tool can work longer without overheating.

Power selection

• tape machines with motor power up to 1000 W are designed for light work,
• models with a motor power of more than 1400 watts work perfectly with short-term, but heavy loads.

Model overview

Eccentric or orbital

Purpose of the tool

An eccentric sander is a versatile tool designed for sanding convex, concave small wood surfaces and other materials.

The model is used for:

• wood sanding;
• grinding of metal surfaces;
• polishing, thanks to the possibility of installing a polishing disc;
• cleaning old paintwork.

Disadvantage of the model: the round shape of the sole does not allow corners to be processed.

The working surface is smaller than that of oscillating machines. The diameter of the working part is usually 125 or 150 mm. The larger the working surface, the higher the productivity.

A small work surface has pros and cons:

• advantage - it is easier to work with it in hard-to-reach places,
• cons - less performance on large surfaces.

Tool options:

• Eccentricity- has a significant impact on the performance of the tool, means deviations of the movement of the sole from the turning point. The higher the value, the more accurate the tool works.
• Disc diameter- large diameters allow you to quickly process large surfaces, small diameters are suitable for working in hard-to-reach places.
• Number of revolutions per unit time- the greater the number of revolutions, the more accurately the tool works (as in an oscillating machine).

Model overview

Oscillatory (vibrating)

Main characteristics

An oscillating sander is used for sanding flat, even surfaces, ideal for processing wooden objects:

• furniture,
• countertops,
• doors.

Unlike the eccentric model, oscillating sanders are equipped with a rectangular sole that allows you to sand corners. Larger models are more powerful, their sole has a rectangular or square shape.

Options

• Sole size- the more, the faster the surface is processed. When working with small surfaces, it is better to choose a grinder with a smaller sole, this will allow you to more accurately process hard-to-reach places.
• Number of vibrations– the higher, the better the tool works. Usually denoted as the number of oscillations per minute.

Model overview

deltoid sanders

Model Description

The main difference between deltoid and oscillatory grinders is the sole. In shape, it resembles the letter delta (hence the name of the instrument). The model is ideal for sanding in corners, other hard-to-reach places for oscillating, eccentric and especially belt sanders.

Due to the small size of the sole, they are designed for sanding small surfaces. For the deltoid model, you can purchase a spatula-shaped sole, suitable for cleaning old paints, varnishes, especially from chairs.

What to pay attention to?

When choosing a deltoid model, one should analyze the amplitude of oscillations (oscillation) - indicated in millimeters, is 1-2 mm. The higher the value, the more the sole deviates, the tool works more efficiently.

Model overview

Summing up

When choosing which grinder is best, you need to analyze your own needs and compare them with the functions of grinders. Different models are suitable for different jobs.

1. Tape machine Extremely efficient, quickly covers large surfaces. For example, it can quickly remove a thick layer of paint from wooden surfaces. The design is characterized by high rated power. The machine is extremely easy to use and safe.
2. random orbital sander– used for grinding flat, rounded surfaces. Has the highest accuracy. However, the sole does not reach hard-to-reach places, corners. The manual machine is equipped with a round disc that works in oscillating and rotating motion at the same time, depending on the pressure. Easy to use, but requires a little more attention than oscillating. The instrument is held with both hands. Thanks to the combination of two plate movements, the model is efficient, fast, productive, and with skillful use leaves no visible grinding marks.
3. Oscillatory grinder used for large flat surfaces, perfectly smoothes the surface, the work depends on the thickness of the sanding paper. The best choice for beginners, easy to use, safe, does not require special attention.
4. deltoid machine– small triangular sole makes it easier to work on surfaces inaccessible to large grinders. The small area of ​​the sole makes the model ineffective for processing large surfaces.

We have devoted past articles to screwdrivers, angle grinders, chain saws, jigsaws, mixers, spray guns, trimmers, jackhammers, perforators. Today, all our attention will be riveted to the tool, wielding emery.

Sanding or aging a wooden part, removing paintwork, removing rust, grinding off burrs, wiping putty, processing plastic, polishing stone - all this and much more is within the power of modern grinders. So, we offer the slogan: "Choose a grinder with us, choose like us, choose better than us!"

Grinding: This process causes discomfort for many, even at the mere mention of it. What can I say, grinding is a monotonous, time-consuming, painstaking, dusty, sometimes noisy, a little harmful operation, but, unfortunately, inevitable. Modern requirements for finishing work have reached unprecedented heights, no one questions the fact that the planes must be perfectly even and smooth. Finishing high-tech coatings are increasingly striving for thin layers and only emphasize the flaws of the base. Even enlarged, with a finished decorative coating, sheet building materials have to be joined, followed by sealing / puttying or sealing the seam, followed by grinding. Domestic builders-finishers and shop workers (manufacturers of furniture, joinery, stone products, bulk polymers, metal) are slowly but surely getting used to new standards, unknown before.

Fortunately, the materiel did not lag behind for long: a highly specialized, relatively inexpensive tool helps the working people to cope with the task - grinders, without which we can no longer do. In the past, the painfully familiar emery, fixed on a wooden block, or clamped in hands, remained. The leaders of capitalist production have brought to the surface many, many wonderful professional grinding machines, designed for any occasion, without depriving home craftsmen who like to create something with their own hands. Understanding the variety of grinders and making the right choice is actually not difficult, the main thing is to know what a particular tool is intended for, and also clearly understand what tasks you will set for the grinder.

It is customary to distinguish three main types of grinders: belt, eccentric (orbital), surface grinders (vibration). All of them have their own specialization and form a kind of cascade of possibilities, directed from fast rough processing to delicate finishing sanding. Many of those who "on duty" are closely connected with grinding have in their arsenal a complete set of tools of this class. Belt grinders are heavy artillery for removing large layers from large surfaces. PSHM are focused on finishing processing. And EShMs are able to give even better results, bordering on polishing, but, compared to vibration machines, they have a different principle of operation and a different filling.

Belt sanders

Above, we inadvertently called the belt grinder heavy artillery, in fact, it would be more appropriate to say "tank". The working element of this well-recognized tool is an abrasive tape glued in the form of an endless ring, which moves along two end rollers and clearly resembles a track of a caterpillar machine. Such units are relatively powerful, they have a relatively simple reliable design (angle gearbox plus V-belt transmission), a low center of gravity, and a solid speed of movement of the abrasive material. With the help of a belt grinder, you can easily remove a layer of material of several millimeters, make an edge or rounding on the workpiece, remove old paintwork or rust. She is subject to: wood, metal, polymers, mineral building materials ... To clean the floors from paint - yes, correct the planed timber - please, align the putty wall with marriage - no problem. However, it should be understood that high performance is not the best friend of quality, there will definitely be scratches and shells. For finishing grinding, it will be necessary to use an orbital or surface grinder.

It's no secret that the performance of an electric tool is directly proportional to the power consumption of its motor - the higher it is, the more we can squeeze out of a particular unit. In the case of LSHM, the consumer has the opportunity to choose from models with an engine from 0.5 to 1.2 kW (Skil Masters 7660MA - 1200 W).

Please note that the instrument of Chinese brands is often declared with inflated engine power indicators, or if there are indeed sounded watts, then they are not balanced with the rest of the characteristics of the device. Record-breaking power is boasted by those manufacturers who have nothing more to show, except perhaps for the heavy weight and bulkiness of the “unique” product.

The next important characteristic for a belt grinder is speed. Obviously, it also needs to be taken into account to determine the capabilities of the tool. A fast machine will do more, but it will not be possible to crush it if the outstanding speed is not backed up by additional power. The notorious torque is to blame, which says that the more speed a tool has, the less power it has left. A responsible manufacturer carefully balances these characteristics, making them mutually changeable, which is sometimes the responsibility of smart electronics. The belt speed in these grinders can be in the range of 150-550 meters per minute (Fiolent MSHL1-100 - 550 m/min.).

The question may arise, why even release smart, but relatively weak LSM? It's just that a super-productive (fast and at the same time strong) car is more difficult to control, it is heavier, larger, more expensive. With it, with excessive pressure, it is easy to spoil the workpiece. In turn, maneuverable high-speed lightweights are convenient in a short time, often “in place”, to process a surface of a large area. If you still don't know what loads await the grinder - choose a slower model that can be pressed a little, so it will be more versatile. Even more versatile are LSMs with the ability to preset the speed mode (Sparky MBS 976, DeWalt DW433). Among them there are options with smooth or stepped adjustments.

It's time to talk about electronic systems that help in the work of belt grinders. These machines are not rich in electronic stuffing, compared to other types of electric tools. Everything is usually limited by controlling the speed of the belt. The switch responsible for this function is in the form of a slider or a wheel with divisions. There are models with overheating protection (Metabo BAE 75). With some stretch, this can include the function of fixing the start button in the on position.

Much more interesting is the situation with mechanical "bells and whistles". The kit may include a stand or special clamps designed for stationary mounting of the tool (very convenient for processing small parts). The grinding frame serves as a kind of limiter, which helps to avoid damage to the workpiece. A rip fence or miter fence is useful for getting a precise bevel or flat, parallel surface. The thin front roller in some LSM (Black & Decker KA88) has a small diameter, which minimizes the dead zone in the inner corners. Automatic centering of the tape (the cunning barrel-shaped shape of one of the rollers) does not allow the latter to treacherously slide at the most inopportune moment. An additional tilt or removable handle will significantly increase the functionality of the machine in “squeezed” places - sometimes noticeably.

Special attention should be paid to the dimensions of the working plane - the sole, respectively, the length and width of the tape. Wide soles (100 mm) are characteristic of powerful professional models, making them more stable and productive. The hobby class is usually limited to 75 millimeters. The long and wide sole of expensive LSHM has a complex structure, consisting of a substrate and an elastic plate, which allows you to have a constant uniform contact of the emery with the part, such a tool “keeps the plane” well. It is necessary to mention the “ribbons” with a narrow tooling - these are the so-called “electronic files”, which are not very powerful and versatile, but specialists appreciate them for their unprecedented compactness (for example, Makita 9032 with a tape only 9 mm wide).

There is a dust removal system in all tape machines, but not all of them work equally effectively. The fight against dust is carried out either with the help of a vacuum cleaner connected through the nozzle, or by collecting it in a bag, built-in filter. Of course, a vacuum cleaner is preferable, especially when sanding mineral substrates. In ultra-cheap models, the impeller responsible for air intake does not cope with its function, the channels quickly become clogged, and a lot of harmful “torment” remains in the air.

Surface grinding (vibratory) machines

If we take into account the cleanliness of the processing of parts, then surface grinders occupy an intermediate position between belt and orbital grinders. With their help, the final grinding of flat surfaces made of a wide variety of materials is carried out - plastic, wood, stone, metal ... Due to the relatively large working plane, the PSM is suitable for working with serious quadrature. The secret of the popularity of vibratory grinders lies in their moderate cost, the availability of equipment elements, as well as the absence of dead zones of processing (a flat outsole easily handles corners).

The main working body of a surface grinder is a plate, which makes frequent reciprocating movements with a small amplitude. The motor in such machines is located vertically, which makes it possible, using the eccentric-counterweight tandem, to translate the rotational movements of the shaft into translational movements of the platform.

Most vibratory grinders traditionally boast a 150-300 W motor, they are quite maneuverable, moderately light and compact. A similar level of power plant is almost always enough. However, such unanimity of manufacturers would be at least strange - there are models with a power of up to 600 W (Makita 9046). They are, of course, heavier and larger, but they can work at low speeds for a long time without overheating.

The most important indicator of PSHM is the amplitude of the sole. In different models, it may vary, although it is invariably a relatively small value. On average, in the class, the platform moves by 1-3 mm; in more mobile models, figures of 5-6 mm may appear (Festool RS 100). A large amplitude helps to grind the surface faster, but such processing will also be rougher.

Another nuance is the frequency of the sole. At high speed, the machine quickly removes a relatively thicker layer, and at a lower frequency, it is easier to achieve a precise finish sanding. Some manufacturers make the platform movement frequency changeable, exceeding 20,000 strokes per minute (Bosch GSS 280 AE L-BOXX), which allows you to adapt to the processing of various types of materials, to the characteristics of specific surfaces.

When choosing a vibratory grinder, special attention must be paid to the platform. With its dimensions, everything is quite simple, there are two options: a kind of "standard" and "mini" models - the plate area is about 100 mm 2 (Makita BO4557, Sparky MP 250). Toddlers are well suited to tight, cramped spaces. Obviously, the sole must be of high quality, perfectly flat, with clear geometric shapes. Budget machines are equipped with a platform made of steel or high-strength plastic, and more expensive analogues are equipped with cast platforms made of alloys containing aluminum or magnesium (Festool RS 100). A good sole is precisely balanced, which is easily determined by a low degree of vibration when working without load (idling). It is also important what the lining is made of, the most suitable option is a porous polymer, it “holds” the plane better than rubber.

In a separate class, vibrating grinders with a deltoid platform are distinguished, they are popularly called “iron” (Hitachi SV12SH, Makita BO4565). Due to their miniature size and good “passability”, they are used for processing objects with small details and complex surfaces, such as furniture, carpentry, stair elements, car body. Their triangular platforms are swivel - you can continue to work with an unevenly “eaten” emery petal (Festool Deltex DX 93E) or removable (with a quick installation of another type of platform - for concave / convex surfaces, for structuring, polishing, rubbing).

Emery can be attached to the site in different ways. It is more convenient when the paper is fixed with Velcro, but special equipment is relatively expensive. The option with spring-loaded clips is somewhat more complicated, but you can use inexpensive sanding paper, cut with your own hands (you only need to make holes for dust extraction in the right places).

The fight against fine dust, which is inevitably formed when working with a grinder, poses many challenges for developers. They have to work hard to protect all mechanisms. In this case, a special sealing of the motor is used, protected bearings and switches, an impervious housing, a system of channels with forced dust extraction. In order for dust to be removed from the working area and not saturate the air, it is sent to a collection bag or filter, in most cases a vacuum cleaner can be connected to the nozzle - this is the most effective method of protection.

Eccentric (orbital) sanders

This type of grinder is designed for high quality processing. Delicate grinding and even polishing is their forte, although the performance of such machines can be as impressive as those of vibratory machines. They will cope with any material, most often you will meet ESHM at woodworkers, car painters. In working with profile, volumetric, curvilinear objects, eccentric grinders have no equal, they also have no problems with planes. The only place where such a machine fails is in the corners and small recesses - the “plate” simply will not reach there.

As well as surface grinding units, "orbitals" have an eccentric and a counterweight, with the help of which the circular grinding plate performs not only movement around its axis, but also along the "orbit" with a small amplitude. Interestingly, the axial movement usually occurs by inertia, and in some models, it is forced (by means of a gear transmission - Kress 900 MPS). Such a complex movement of the working blade, coupled with the highest rotation speed, just allows you to get a surface of excellent quality, without recesses, waves and scratches.

From 200 to 900 watts - this is how much modern ESHM motors consume. Those that are more powerful, of course, will also be more productive, they will easily pull a larger sole, up to 150 mm in diameter (for example, a 400-watt Bosch GEX 125-150 AVE or Interskol ESHM-150 / 600E).

Bosch GEX 125-150 AVE

Orbital machines also have differences in translational speed. If we talk about rotation, then this figure can be from 4 to 14 thousand revolutions of the eccentric per minute for models with adjustment (Metabo SXE 425), and about 12,000 for models without it. If we talk about the concept of "fluctuation" - then these figures will be half as much. In fact, everything is simple here, the higher the speed, the rougher the processing will be, but the faster the work can be done.

The eccentric of orbital machines may not have the same "span" - from 2 to 7 mm (Festool WTS 150/7 E-Plus). This is called the amplitude of the oscillation. The smaller it is, the less vibration the device generates, the more compact the plate goes, the smaller the area we process, but the cleaner the grinding will be. In some ESHM, the operator can set a certain amplitude, affecting the performance and fineness of grinding.

Compared to their counterparts (LShM and PShM), "orbitals" are usually well stuffed with electronics. We have already talked about setting the speed and amplitude, in addition to this, a professional instrument is equipped with an automatic frequency maintenance system (Bosch GEX 150 Turbo) so that it does not fall under load - this is constant electronics. Some models have an electrodynamic brake (AEG EX150ED K), which, after turning off the start button, instantly stops the work plate, preventing damage to the workpiece and reducing the possibility of injury. For powerful professional machines, an inrush current limiter (Makita BO6040 ), which smoothly accelerates the tool, preventing a starting jerk and protecting the network from a short-term, but increased load at times.

Very nice options include a removable network cable, adjustable or removable front handle, fixing the start key, and functional dust removal.

Be sure to pay attention to the type of sanding sole. Firstly, if you need especially delicate processing, do not chase after a large plate, by the way, it has a larger dead zone and an amplitude of about 5-7 mm. The plate, made of metal, has stability, high strength and excellent heat dissipation. The elastic plate will cope well with convex surfaces. All of them have Velcro for fixing emery and dust extraction holes. These holes from individual manufacturers may be different in size, quantity and location, according to this feature, you need to select the appropriate equipment.

If the financial issue is not of the last importance, then for a home workshop you can purchase a model from the category of "hobby". Good copies are offered by Makita, Black & Decker, Skil, Sparky, Bosch. Look towards the domestic manufacturer - Interskol, Fiolent have noticeably improved in terms of the quality and functionality of their tools.

Pay attention to the weight and dimensions of the product of interest, especially if a lot of work is planned "in place", on weight, on outstretched arms. Give preference not to a very powerful machine, but to a faster one, it will be lighter, more compact and cheaper. But for regular operations on a workbench, the large weight of the device will be more of a plus than a minus.

Be sure to thoroughly “feel” the grinder, find the most suitable ergonomics for you. Decide on the type of main and secondary handle, most likely you will have to choose between a “mushroom” and a “bracket”. See if the switches are conveniently located and how they work, how easy it is to change the equipment, if the power cord is in the way.

Check the moving parts of the product for play. Look at the accuracy of fitting the body parts. Turn on the machine in the tool shop, at least at idle, evaluate the level of noise and vibration. Take an interest in the cost, assortment and the possibility of interchangeability of consumables.

Weigh all the pros and cons, take your time with the choice, then the whole repair will go smoothly.

1. Types of cars
2. Application features
3. Tape machines
4. vibrating apparatus
5. Eccentric machine
6. Homemade option
7. Drill grinder
8. Popular models and cost

A wood grinder is widely used in industrial enterprises and in everyday life, where various surfaces are processed during the production process or during construction and repair work.

With the help of such a compact device, craftsmen quickly and efficiently grind or polish floors and walls, restore dilapidated furniture and clean the surface of old paint and varnish.

Types of cars

Modern equipment with such functionality can be divided into several types according to the principle of operation and design features of grinding units. When choosing a wood grinder, you need to focus on its purpose, for which we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main types of equipment and its features.

Tape(LSHM). The main purpose of belt sanders is rough woodworking.. Depending on the interchangeable tip, they can also be used on metal and plastic parts.

Vibrating. Such samples are used where it is necessary to carry out delicate grinding of the workpiece with circular movements of small amplitude. The working "sole" of the vibrating units is made in the form of a rectangle specifically for processing corners. One of the varieties of such a device is a delta grinder, which is distinguished by a triangular working element, which provides for the processing of recesses and recesses, as well as hard-to-reach areas.

Eccentric (EShM) or orbital. Such a unit can not only grind, but also polish, after which the material acquires a perfectly smooth surface. This effect is achieved due to the oscillatory-rotational movements of the plate of the device. However, it should be noted that such equipment is not suitable for small surfaces and internal corners.

Application features

When choosing a grinder for home use, make sure that this model is suitable for the intended procedures and will be able to fully perform the tasks.

Each type of grinder has its own characteristics and recommendations for use, which we suggest that you briefly familiarize yourself with.

Tape machines

Belt grinders are purchased by those who plan to remove an impressive layer of wood from the workpiece. In this segment, a good electric tool is represented by the Bosch and Makita brands, which are in great demand among craftsmen. They work great on unplaned wood and remove old, thick layers of paint from joinery. A belt sander will help out if you need to fit furniture elements or grind the ends and cuts.

The principle of operation of this type of machine is the impact of abrasive material on the workpiece. So, an emery belt stretched on rollers along a ring moves at a given speed, removing a thick layer of material, as an electric planer does. The thickness of the removed layer and the quality of work can be adjusted by the graininess that the tape has and the number of revolutions of the working element, and the width of the abrasive affects the area processed in one pass.

In most cases, the presented brands of belt grinders are equipped with a standard tape 76x457, 76x533 or 76x610 mm, so it is convenient to process wooden material of various sizes with their help, choosing the best emery option. Semi-professional units can be equipped with an abrasive with a width of more than 100 mm, but such equipment is unlikely to be useful for home craftsmen. The standard rotation speed parameters for these machines vary between 150 - 500 m / min with their power of 400 - 1200 watts.

When choosing belt type grinders, give preference to samples with adjustable speed and automatic centering of a tensioned abrasive made on the basis of zirconium or aluminum oxide. As practice shows, for more gentle work, aluminum oxide tape is chosen, such as shown in the photo.

vibrating apparatus

According to the principle of operation, vibration technology for grinding wood is similar to the previous version. Here, the process is performed with light oscillatory-rotational movements with an amplitude of up to 5 mm using ordinary sandpaper sheets. The type of emery grit depends on the tasks, this rule is the same for all types of equipment. The abrasive material is fixed to the "sole" of the machine with Velcro or by means of a special clamp provided for by the design of the unit.

By tradition, we turn to Bosch and Makita grinders, which are rightfully the leaders in the carpentry market among similar devices. In addition to their main purpose, they remove corrosion manifestations from metal products without a trace, remove paint, remove plaster and putty material. By adjusting the amplitude level, you can choose the degree of grinding, from coarse to finer. Household versions of machines have a speed of 2000 - 5000 rpm, and their oscillation speed is in the range of 2500 per minute.

The power of such units can range from 150 to 600 W, and when buying a tool, these parameters are one of the most important. The higher the power rating of the grinder, the longer you can work without interruption on such equipment, and its performance will also be much better.

Eccentric machine

Despite some similarities between orbital sanders and vibrating samples, it is worth noting their higher performance. Such a machine allows you to get a perfectly polished surface without much effort. The working process here is carried out using a disk element with a diameter of up to 150 mm. As an abrasive on eccentric units, emery wheels or felt nozzles are installed, which are indispensable for polishing procedures.

Even a beginner without experience can work on an eccentric unit with his own hands, the main thing is to correctly determine the optimal power on the device. Returning to the representatives of the Makita and Bosch families, we note that their power varies between 200 - 650 W at a speed of up to 13,000 rpm. As with any choice of grinding tool, in this case it is worth giving preference to machines with the ability to select the amplitude of oscillation and speed, which will facilitate the implementation of the tasks.

An orbital type wood grinder from the two leading manufacturers discussed above costs from 4,000 rubles, and its cost may vary depending on the technical characteristics and configuration. In order not to overpay in vain for unnecessary options, think in advance what and how you will do with such a machine.

Homemade option

Sometimes the price of a factory tool makes you think about making a grinder with your own hands, especially if you need to do a one-time job on a small scale. Many craftsmen build a grinding machine from a familiar grinder, which, in principle, is an angle grinder, but there are still some differences. It is worth remembering that the grinder works at high speeds, and it weighs a lot, so it can be difficult to cope with it without experience and a “full” hand. In order for grinding with an angle grinder to give the desired result, you need to be able to use nozzles and polishing wheels specially designed for such purposes. Unlike a traditional grinder, a wood grinder has a much lower speed and is inferior to it in weight.

If you have firmly decided to convert the angle grinder into a grinder for processing floors or other surfaces, which will not be inferior to factory samples in any way, you will have to modify the electrical circuit of the original tool. Here you will need additional equipment for the angle grinder with a speed controller, which helps to reduce their number. You will also have to buy a set of special nozzles, but this is a consumable item, and its purchase is relevant in any case.

Drill grinder

The characteristic of grinding units allows you to make a compact hand-held power tool from a conventional drill, for which it is equipped with an additional nozzle. Depending on the nature of the work performed, a drum or disc element can act here as a working nozzle. The support plate with a shank for clamping into a drill chuck is made of plastic or rubber pasted over with emery material. A part with a flexible shaft can be installed on a tool that works in manual mode, and if there is a rigid shaft, it is better to fix it on a securely fixed drill. If grinding is carried out using abrasive drums, then the working surface of the grinding machine must be placed parallel to the axis of rotation.

As you can see, you can make a grinder with your own hands from a drill or a grinder in a short time, without resorting to complex schemes and expensive components. Such a compact device can handle wood surfaces, polish hard materials and remove old paintwork, which is necessary when performing construction and repair procedures, as well as restoring furniture.

Popular models and cost

If you want to choose a reliable factory device, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the table containing popular equipment models, their main characteristics and estimated prices.

On the farm, you often have to grind something, clean off the old paintwork. Most of all work with wood. Few manufacturers sell perfect products. Except a carpenter. And if there are perfectly processed boards, then their price is such that you involuntarily want to grind them yourself. Even taking into account the fact that the work is boring and uninteresting. Therefore, a wood grinder is one of the tools that should be in the home arsenal.

Types, purpose, features of work

There are different types of grinders that do the same type of work but with different results. There is a tool for rough (preliminary), medium (intermediate) and fine (finish) grinding. Part of the tool can even perform.

To choose a wood sander, you first need to decide what type of work you need it for. For rough grinding - smoothing out irregularities, differences in height - one type is suitable, for finishing grinding - bringing to the ideal - another type. Moreover, both tasks can be solved using different types of equipment.

angle grinder

The well-known grinder can also be used for grinding wood. With the function of rough grinding, it copes well. Of all the possible tools, this one is the most productive. If you need to quickly level large wooden surfaces - grinding the floor, walls, log cabins - this is work for the angle grinder. Minus - the surface is very uneven, it takes a long time to level all the pits and humps. If it still “passes” on a log house, then for any carpentry work the result is unsatisfactory. If only it is possible to purchase another tool, it is not worth using an angle grinder for grinding wood.

For wood, red emery circles are used - this is a special abrasive

For grinders there are special nozzles for grinding wood. The best option is petal or plate-shaped circles with sandpaper of different grain sizes. When they are installed, the working plane is below the protective cover, it is safe to work, you can move in any direction. It is necessary to carefully handle places with protruding heads of nails and self-tapping screws. We lower the tool from above, carefully move it. A sharp movement easily breaks the grinding wheel, so be careful.

By changing the grain size of the grinding wheels used, it is possible to carry out coarse and medium (intermediate) grinding. The work will take less time than if any other wood sander is used. But it may take more time to bring to a flat surface, since, with a lack of experience, there will be more flaws.

When sanding wood, the sandpaper is clogged, the speed of work is reduced. In addition to slowing down, there is another sign - the smell of burnt wood. It is not necessary to immediately change the disk, you can restore its performance. To do this, grind the metal for several seconds. Everything stuck - resin, wood fibers, dust - burns out, the surface is cleaned, the processing speed increases again. This trick, by the way, can be used with other grinders.

If you often have to clean and change circles, a Velcro nozzle is installed on the grinder. Replacing the sandpaper is much easier and faster - peeled off / stuck - a matter of seconds. But working with a nozzle is more dangerous. Due to its height, the grinding area is above the level of the protective cover; it does not fulfill its functions. During the start, it happens that an unreliably fixed circle or even the nozzle itself flies off. They have a small weight, injuries are not serious, but it's still an injury. An angle grinder with a smooth start helps to reduce the risks, but all the same, you need to work with gloves, protective clothing with tightly buttoned sleeves, boots that cover your legs, and goggles.

Belt sander

It is called so due to the fact that the sandpaper has the form of a tape, continuously moving with the help of rollers. Therefore, such a wood grinder is also called "endless".

A wood belt sander is designed for rough and intermediate surface leveling. By setting sandpaper with a finer grit, you can achieve a medium finish. This is enough for joinery that does not go under painting. To bring it to perfect condition, you need a different type of wood grinder. Moreover, to eliminate long longitudinal scratches, you will have to carry out stepped grinding, changing the grain size several times - the scratches remain deep.

A belt sander is good if you need to remove the old coating - paint varnish

What is the advantage of a wood belt sander? It has good performance. The tape on it is installed in such a way that it turns out to be sanded close to the wall with one side. What are its shortcomings? Due to the design, not all points can be "reached". For example, corners, shaped recesses, grooves and other small details. It is not always possible to “crawl” between two parts (when processing railings, for example). Another drawback is that most of the belt grinders have a solid mass, it is difficult to work with them on weight, sanding vertical surfaces. But on a horizontal plane - they are the most productive.

The next disadvantages are a high level of noise, not the biggest grinding spot. It is so noisy that it is extremely uncomfortable to work without headphones. Why a small spot of polishing, because in appearance it is quite large? Even with a large belt width, it only sands in the center - the front and back part is not used due to the fact that it is raised to feed the rollers.

There is a belt sander for wood features in the work. To reduce the depth of the furrows that it leaves, it must be driven along the fibers. Then finishing polishing takes less time. And one more thing - if you gape in the process of work and leave the machine in one place for a long time, a solid “pit” is formed. Despite this, it is the most productive wood sander that is often used.

Orbital (eccentric)

The orbital sander for wood has a round sole with Velcro, on which sandpaper discs are attached. The discs are the same as for the grinder, so they are interchangeable. There are holes in the sole of the machine to remove dust. Dust is collected in a bag, a cassette-type container, almost all models allow you to connect a construction vacuum cleaner.

The work of an eccentric wood sander is based on the simultaneous rotation and movement back and forth (reciprocating movements). This achieves a fairly good speed for intermediate and finishing wood processing. When working with a grinder of this type, the platform moves in a spiral or orbit. Therefore, this tool is also called orbital sanders.

Eccentric sanders are good for processing curved or profiled surfaces - the machine is small in weight, it makes little noise, it is easy to control, the angle of the disk can reach recesses, cutouts, etc. With all this, it also handles large planes at a good pace. When using coarse grit sandpaper, it can be used for both coarse and intermediate sanding. The speed is less than that of the tape, but also quite acceptable. There are such machines with different radius of movement (eccentricity) - from 3 to 8 mm. By selecting this parameter, the main purpose is determined (more on this below).

The disadvantages of this type of machine are the impossibility of processing in the corners. The round platform is simply not included. Also - there is an area of ​​uncertain grinding along the edges - it will not be possible to grind close to a wall or a vertical surface.

Vibrating

The sole of a vibratory grinder can be rectangular or triangular. During operation, it makes circular movements with a small amplitude - it vibrates, which gave the name to this type of equipment. This wood grinder is used for fine finishing - for varnishing or painting, but it has low productivity.

A vibratory wood sander with a rectangular surface allows you to process large areas, but with its help it is not possible to grind wood near vertical planes and walls - it starts to beat against an obstacle. Triangular in this regard is more suitable for working in corners and hard-to-reach places, but you still can’t bring it tightly to the wall.

Another disadvantage of vibrators is the so-called "lambs". If a grain of sand or other solid fragment gets under the surface, it leaves small circles on the wood - “lambs”. It is difficult to remove these traces. You have to use sandpaper of progressively smaller grit, gradually removing scratches. But if in the process something gets under the sole again, the process repeats again. Therefore, before work, the surface is thoroughly cleaned and a plyos is usually connected - for quick and timely removal of foreign fragments.

Oscillation

Strictly speaking, this is not a grinder, but you can grind with it. Moreover, those places that are not available for other types of machines are corners (even sharp ones), places directly at vertical walls. For grinding, a triangular platform of a special shape is installed on the tool, on which sandpaper on a self-adhesive basis is fixed.

During operation, the platform moves in a horizontal plane with a very small amplitude - the vertices of the triangle deviate by about 1.7 ° (this is an average of 2.5 mm). Due to this small movement, polishing occurs. Such a machine can be sanded in corners and close to vertical surfaces. Moreover, you can remove not only wood, but also smeared and dried glue. In general, an oscillation machine is used for finishing grinding in hard-to-reach places - due to low productivity and a grinding spot, it is unrealistic to process more or less large surfaces with it.

What type of grinder to choose

Summing up, we can say that for housework and construction, ideally, two grinders are needed - for rough and fine finishing. The most commonly used pair is tape + eccentric. If you are planning to start making furniture, then you cannot do without an oscillatory one.

If you do not like the result of the belt sander, you can purchase two orbital sanders with different eccentricities. For rough grinding, a tool with an eccentricity of 6-8 mm is suitable, for finishing grinding and even polishing - 2-4 mm. The only downside to this solution is that good eccentric sanders are expensive.

If the budget is limited, and the farm has a grinder (angle grinder), rough grinding can be done with it, and for intermediate or finishing use orbital or vibration. Just keep in mind that vibration is the least productive, albeit the cheapest. If possible, buy an orbital one - it is more versatile and gives better results.

Technical Selection Criteria

Any tool is divided into classes that differ in working resource (and price). So a wood grinder can be household or professional. Household are designed for short continuous work with interruptions. Basically, it is recommended to work no more than 3 hours a day, periodically taking breaks of 15 minutes.

Professional models are designed to work for 8-12 hours, breaks are rarely needed or not needed at all. The working resource of such a tool is many times greater. For this, durable and reliable (read - expensive) materials are used. In addition, the productivity of such equipment is much higher, as a rule, there are a greater number of adjustments.

When choosing, the first thing to decide is what class your car should be. I must say that some manufacturers have a good household class, and some also have semi-professional lines. This is an intermediate class, as a rule, for private use it is optimal in terms of price / quality combination. Some models are used even by professionals.

General selection options

Although wood grinders differ, there are some common points that you need to pay attention to when choosing. Here they are:

These are the general points that you need to pay attention to. Now about what is important for different types of grinders.

Tape

When choosing a belt sander, you need to look at the following parameters:

You also need to pay attention to how convenient it is to change the tape. There are also models that allow you to quickly change the brushes. Sometimes spare brushes are even included.

Popular models of belt grinders

Eccentric (orbital)

In addition to all the general parameters described, there are some nuances in choosing an eccentric wood sanding machine:

The selected model still needs to be tested in the store. To do this, install a disc of sandpaper on the platform and turn on the tool. Vibration should not be felt at all. This means that it is well balanced and will work comfortably.

Popular Random Orbital Sanders

Vibrating

First of all, you need to choose the shape of the sole. It can be rectangular (most often), square or ironing. The system for attaching sandpaper here is clamping, just a piece of sandpaper of the right size is pulled and fixed with clamps. For normal operation of dust removal in stretched paper, holes must be made in the right places (holes in the platform). It is best to connect a vacuum cleaner to remove dust, since the presence of dust under the platform leads to a large number of scratches. That is, instead of grinding, we get a damaged part. This is an important point.

What to look for:

The vibration grinder is used only for finishing grinding and is characterized by low productivity. Only paper with fine grain can be placed on it. Rough processing should be carried out with another tool.

Popular models of vibratory grinders

A grinder is a special construction tool designed for abrasive cleaning of the surface of various materials. One of the varieties of such equipment is designed specifically for working with wood. Such grinders, in turn, are also divided into several main types.

What type of equipment to choose

Wood grinders can be classified according to several criteria. There are, for example, professional and household tools on the market. Also, a wood grinder can be:

angular;

straight;

tape, designed for rough surface treatment;

vibration, used for delicate grinding;

eccentric (orbital).

The latter type of equipment can be used not only for final grinding, but also for polishing wooden surfaces.

Professional or household?

When deciding which grinder to choose for a tree, first of all, you should consider how often it will be used on the farm in the future. Professional equipment of this type has a very high power and is designed for constant use and continuous operation throughout the day. Such tools are made from the highest quality materials and usually have great power. But such machines are often very expensive.

If the tool will be used only from time to time, as needed, it is worth purchasing, of course, its inexpensive budget household option. In most cases, these machines are designed to be used for no more than 20 hours per month. A household tool for wood should work a maximum of 3 hours a day. In this case, when grinding, you need to take small breaks for 15 minutes.

The power of household equipment is also relatively small. The advantages of such wood grinders are primarily attributed by consumers to their low weight and low cost.

Corner models

It is this type of equipment in domestic conditions that is used most often. In another way, an angle grinder for wood is called a grinder. It can be used to process not only timber, boards and logs, but also any other materials. Bulgarians are used in the household not only for grinding surfaces. Very often, they also cut metal or stone with their help.

When choosing an angle grinder, you should pay attention to two main factors: the power of the model and the diameter of the disc.For grinding wood, a grinder is suitable:

power 600-1000 W;

with a disk rotation speed of about 6000 rpm.

straight cars

Such equipment is usually used to carry out various kinds of small work that requires high precision. In most cases, straight models of wood grinders are very light in weight. You can hold them during operation, including with one hand. The spindle in this type of equipment is parallel to the body. Such machines are used with different types of nozzles. Therefore, with their help, you can perform not only the actual grinding, but also engraving, as well as cutting materials of small thickness.

Tape equipment

A wood grinder of this design can be used both at home and in large workshops. The power and productivity of tape tools are high. But the processing of the material with their use can only be carried out rather rough.

The main elements of the tape equipment mechanism are:

driven and leading rollers;

base sole;

moving tape.

The power of a wood belt sander can be 500-1200 watts. The rollers in such equipment move at a speed of 75-500 meters per minute.

When choosing equipment of this variety, in addition to performance, you should pay attention to such a parameter as the width of the tape. You should also look at which model has additional functionality. Very often, belt sanders are supplemented, for example, with such a convenient device as a nozzle for a vacuum cleaner. Also, sometimes equipment of this type comes with a stationary installation and a frame for measuring the depth of grinding.

Vibration Models

Belt sander for woodthus, used for rough surface treatment. For more delicate grinding, vibratory equipment is usually used. workingoutsolesuchmachines are rectangular.Therefore, such a tool can be used, among other things, for a thoroughgrindingworkpiece corners. During operation, the platform of the machine makes reciprocating movements. Abrasives to the sole of the equipment can be attached with Velcro or clips.

Thus, it is intended specifically for finishing vibrationwood grinder. How to choosesuch a model is a relatively simple matter.Atpurchase of this type of equipmentthe home master should pay attention primarily to ethpower and number of oscillations of the sole per minute. Vibratory grinding machines can also differ in the amplitude of platform displacement. The power of this type of equipment varies between 110-600 watts. At home, devices of 250-300 watts are usually used. The sole of this type of machine can oscillate with a frequency of 6-25 thousand times per minute. The higher this indicator, the more productive the model, of course.

The oscillation amplitude of such equipment is usually in the range of 1.5-5 mm. For the most delicate processing, those machines are suitable for which this indicator is 1.5-2.5 mm. Equipment with a larger amplitude of movement of the platform is usually used for coarser grinding.

Orbital Models

Such a wood grinder works on approximately the same principle as a vibration grinder. The only difference is that the orbital equipment platform moves along a more complex trajectory. That is why when using eccentric machines, the surface is almost perfect. Such devices process materials better than vibration ones. But they are, of course, more expensive.

Sanding machines of any design are often supplemented with dust removal systems. The presence of such a function usually does not have a very serious impact on the cost of equipment. But at the same time, the processing of the material with a tool with a dust collector can be much better. In addition, the eccentric, belt, angle or vibration wood grinder itself, supplemented by such a system, can last much longer (due to cooling through the ventilation holes during operation).

In addition to the design, when choosing such equipment, you should pay attention to:

• its weight (the lighter the machine, the less the hand will get tired);
• performance (processing speed depends on this indicator);
• power;
• casing shape.

The comfort of working with it directly depends on how ergonomic the casing of the model is.

Manufacturers

Equipment such as a grinder is quite expensive. Therefore, when choosing it, among other things, of course, you should pay attention to its brand. You should only buy cars from the best manufacturers with a good reputation. The load on the equipment during operation is significant. Therefore, a bad assembly tool will most likely last a very short time.

Today, many companies supply similar products to the domestic market. But the most popular among domestic consumers is the equipment of such manufacturers as:

Bosch.

Interskol.

Makita.

hitachi.

Which grinder is best for wood: rating

All these companies supply different models to Russia. Some of them are more popular with consumers, others less. The top 5 grinders, according to domestic craftsmen, look like this for 2017:

Makita 9558HN.

Interskol UshM-125/900.

Bosch GWS 780 C .

Makita BO50 3 1.

Hitachi G13SS2.

Today, according to most consumers, this

Makita 9558HN: description and reviews

« Makita is a truly popular equipment in Russia. Machines of this particular manufacturer are most often purchased by domestic consumers. To the advantages of the corner model Makita 9558HN, like most others produced by this company,consumers are primarily small weight, quiet operation and high power. Sanding wood with the Makita 9558HN, according to home craftsmen, is very convenient.The engine is almost inaudible during operation of this machine. Such equipment is relatively inexpensive - an average of about 4,000 rubles. some disadvantage Makita 9558HN consumers consider only a not very convenient power button. Starting and stopping this equipment during grinding is quite difficult.

Tool Interskol UshM-125/900

This is another very reliable, according to many consumers,. It is produced in Russia and the build quality is pretty good. The advantages of the equipment "Interskol UShM-125/900" consumers refer primarily to the simplicity of design, reliability, low weight. Sometimes it happens that on the packaging of the grinder the power is indicated quite high. In fact, the equipment does not correspond to the declared indicator. Bulgarian Interskol UshM-125/900 this disadvantage is completely devoid of. With a declared power of 900 W, it cuts ceramic tiles, for example, like butter.

Such models are on the domestic market in the range of 2500-3000 rubles.Their only drawback is overheating during prolonged operation.

Bosch GWS 780 C: reviews

Bosch corner cars are being assembled also in Russia. Their main advantage is their low weight. Although the dimensions model Bosch GWS 780 C has very small, the amount of work performed with its use can be simply huge. Also, the advantages of this model are soft start and quick stop of the engine.

Such cars cost about 3.5-5 thousand rubles, depending on the supplier. The disadvantages of Bosch GWS 780 C consumers consider the cable that comes with the kit to be too short and the lack of a case.

Consumer opinion about Makita BO5031 machines

The advantages of this eccentric master models consider small vibration,the presence of a speed controller, quiet operation. Sanding wood with Makita BO50 3 1 can be very high quality and pretty fast. Also, this machine practically does not heat up during prolonged operation. The disadvantages of the model, consumers include a poor-quality dust collector in the kit. When working, you need to additionally connect a vacuum cleaner to the machine. This model costs 5-6 thousand rubles from different suppliers.

Hitachi Equipment

The Japanese company Hitachi also supplies very high quality equipment to the Russian market.Hand sanders for wood angular Hitachi G13SS2, like almost all other models of this manufacturer, deserved and good consumer reviews primarily for reliability, rather high power and not too much weight. You can change a circle or disc on this equipment without any problems. The machine also has overload protection.

The body of this equipment is considered by most consumers to be very convenient. The hand does not get tired when working with it. To the disadvantages of Hitachi G13SS2 masters include a short cord in the kit and some noise. Such machines cost about 2000-2500 rubles.