The combination of colors in clothes is a professional approach. The combination of colors in the interior: how to create a harmonious palette of space How many colors can be used to create an image

Imagine a world without flowers: it would be a boring place, wouldn't it? So it is with websites - the color scheme affects the perception by visitors. In fact, choosing colors for a site is not such an easy task, especially when it comes to a commercial project. However, you don't need to be a top designer, you just need a desire and a basic understanding of what works and what doesn't.

Fortunately, choosing a color scheme for a website is easier than choosing a color scheme for a living room, you can not be afraid of mistakes, and experiment as much as you need.

If we are talking about a corporate project, then you can use three proven solutions:

• brand and corporate identity. In this case, the design will be made using the colors used in the company's symbols;
• symbolism of the country. Far from suitable for everyone, but the combination in the palette of colorsused in state symbols is also a proven option;
• content and context. In this case, the selection of the color scheme of the site is carried out on an associative basis, for example, if an online store sells goods for children, then these will be delicate, pastel colors and shades.

When choosing a palette, you can use both professional programs and free online tools that provide many useful features.

When choosing the color design of the site, you need to consider several important points:

1. Do I need to adhere to certain color preferences? This is important in relation to corporate sites that need to adhere to brand symbols.
2. What is the purpose of the site? If the project is focused on sales, the gamma used should evoke certain emotions in people.
3. How will the color scheme work with photographs and other graphics? They should organically complement each other.

How many colors should be used?

Quite a controversial issue, but most designers recommend using no more than three primary colors on a site. The fact is that the more colors you use, the more difficult it is to achieve their harmonious and balanced combination in the design.

If we talk about the ratio, then as a starting point we can take the 60-30-10 rule, which has been used for many years in interior design and fashion, and works equally well in web design. According to this rule, three different colors are used, in combination of 60%, 30% and 10% respectively:

• 60% will be the main color of your site and set the general background;
• 30% should contrast with 60% to create a visually pleasing effect;
• 10% is an accent color that should complement the first or second base color.

A good option is to choose a "neutral" color (white, gray, beige, black, etc.) as one of the main ones. This gives you freedom in terms of choosing the other two colors, as neutrals tend to go well with almost any other.

In many cases, you may need to diversify a site's color palette by using more than three colors. Instead of using complementary colors at the risk of ruining your design, try different shades and tones of existing ones. Lightening or darkening the tone in various places allows you to achieve the necessary accents without violating the harmony of the color balance.

The easiest way is to pay attention to your wardrobe. Giving preference to some color in clothes, we try to emphasize our dignity, show our character. We subconsciously choose colors that make us feel better. Therefore, you can try to include your favorite colors in the interior. The second option is to choose a dozen interiors from the Internet that you like and take their palette as a basis.

2. How many colors should be in the interior?

There is no clear rule in this regard: in interior magazines you can see how designers skillfully combine in one space. But this is a dangerous move, and it is better to use a simple recommendation - the “rule of three”. Choose three shades and repeat them in different design elements.

3. Wouldn't it be too boring?

An interior with only three colors can be really bland. To avoid this without creating color chaos, add lighter or darker shades of already used colors to the palette, those same three.

4. Only warm or only cold?

It combines both warm and cold colors well. A rich warm color should be complemented with two cool light tones - and vice versa: a bold and bright cold color should be softened with sunny, warm shades.

5. So I can use any colors?

Not certainly in that way. In addition to your desires and preferences, there are a few more nuances. For example, it is worth remembering the "weight" of each color in space: let's say, they allow it to look more due to the fact that they have a small visual weight. Therefore, they are good for compact spaces. An abundance of catchy and saturated colors, on the contrary, is only suitable for large rooms, since such shades add visual weight.

6. Is there a universal formula?

In a way, yes. This is the so-called new Pareto rule, which looks like and allows you to harmoniously distribute colors in the interior. In this case, achromatic colors - “, gray and black - are not taken into account: they play the role of connecting links. For a better understanding, first take a look at the standard color wheel.

According to the new Pareto rule, 60% area in the interior it occupies a color that is conditionally called the main one. It is background and, as a rule, sets the tone and mood for the entire space. The most extensive surfaces are reserved for the main color: walls, a large carpet / carpet, sometimes curtains, a ceiling. And the larger the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe object, the less bright color it needs. For example, if you decide to use blue as the main color, then it is safer to use light blue or a complex dark gray-blue for walls, but not pure blue.

Do you know how to correctly combine and select colors in your clothes? Can you quickly match a tie to a shirt or a blouse to a skirt? I think many people periodically experience difficulties with the choice of color combinations in clothes. Combining several colors in one outfit at once is a whole art, but using these simple tips, you can easily master this science.

So, for starters, let's look at how many colors can be combined in clothes? Stylists strongly recommend combining a maximum of three, while one of them should be the main one, that is, prevail in your full image, the second should emphasize the main one and slightly shade it, we use the third one to focus on some part of the body or on wardrobe item. The answer to the question of whether it is possible to combine 4 colors in clothes depends on what you want to wear. If this is a colorful dress, then you can do it boldly. If these are completely different elements, then refrain from the fourth.

There are three types of combination, namely:

• monochromatic;
• achromatic;
• Complimentary.

How can you combine colors in clothes using a monochromatic technique? A monochromatic combination involves the selection of clothes of the same color, using its various shades, which should look harmonious with each other. For example, this season is fashionable brown. Let your trousers or trousers be medium dark brown, shirt or jacket close to light mustard, and shoes as dark as possible, close to black. A similar combination of colors in men's clothes is perfect. In principle, in various details of clothing, you can resort to the most bright, saturated tones, and finish the image with light shades.

How to combine colors in clothes using the achromatic method? The main rule to follow here is to use white, gray or black in any case. In this case, it is necessary to place bright accents throughout the image. It can be a scarf, brooch or other jewelry and accessories.

It's nice to understand that all these three colors are perfectly combined with other completely different ones. It is the achromatic technique that people most often choose when creating their image, without even knowing it.

There is absolutely no difference in where this one will be, or whether it is the upper component of the image, or the lower one, it does not matter at all.

Of course, despite the ease of use with their help, you can correct the shortcomings of your figure. For example, if you have a large belly, you can “visually” make it smaller by using black for the top. If you have small hips, and your shoulders look more massive, then it is better to wear light-colored pants and skirts on the problem area, which will visually balance these two areas. Remember, white makes you fat, black makes you slim. These are the two basic rules that must be followed when choosing clothes using the achromatic method.

The achromatic method is the perfect combination of colors in business-style men's clothing.

What colors in clothes can be combined using the complimentary method? There are no boundaries for fantasy here, since the complementary method involves a combination of a wide variety of contrasts, which most often causes difficulties.

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Color combinations are very important in our life. With the help of color, a huge amount of information is conveyed non-verbally. This can be especially important when it is necessary to make a first impression, to establish contact. You will tell more about yourself through color, as people on a subconscious level judge clothing colors faster than other aspects of your appearance. The combination of colors in clothes is a very sophisticated way of conveying information about you.

We previously published an article about . Having decided on the main color, we suggest moving on to the next step in choosing your perfect look. We will look at some guidelines that can be used to make color combinations interesting and eye-catching.

How many colors can be used?

It is difficult to give an exact answer to this question, but in general it can be said that less is better than more. The risk of failing and looking stupid in using too many colors is very high.

Too many colors make you hard to see, as too many colors that require attention are tiring for the eyes. On the other hand, too few colors can be quite boring, although this is not always the case.

One general rule that you can't go wrong with is to use 3 colors.

How does the color combination work?

1. Primary Colour: This is the primary color of the garment. It will take up most of the image, and set the tone for the outfit as a whole. For example, a black classic suit.
2. Secondary Color: This is the second most used color in your outfit and usually supports the primary color. For example, a shirt.
3. Highlight Color: This is a color that is used to highlight certain parts of your wardrobe. Typically, this is a color that contrasts with the base and secondary colors and should therefore be used sparingly. For example, an accessory. It is customary to use complementary or split-complementary colors (see below).

You can and should use color combinations for any clothes you wear, whether it's casual - , work - , or. There are certain combinations that are suitable for formal wear, and there are those that are more suitable for casual or sportswear. Usually, darker colors are considered formal, and brighter colors are colors for sportswear or leisure wear.

The most famous and win-win tool for the right combination of colors is the color wheel. The color wheel is used not only for art, but also for clothing, and is the result of many, many years of experience.

What is a color wheel and how to use it in choosing the color of clothes?

The color wheel is a circle on which the most saturated spectral colors are located and they are arranged according to the color of the rainbow. 7 primary colors in a specific sequence. Remember the proverb: Every (red) hunter (orange) wants (yellow) to know (green) where (blue) a (blue) pheasant (purple) sits. There is nothing wiser than nature!

The color wheel is very useful when you want to combine colors in a way that is pleasing to your eye and the eyes of others. Next, we will look at some of the most common ways to combine in the color wheel. The choice of colors using the color wheel is very simple, and most importantly useful for people who do not know how to look better. Of course, some people can choose colors according to their own taste, but if you analyze their successful combinations that they make, you will see that they follow the same rules, only on an intuitive level.

Analog colors are colors that are one division apart from each other. These are the most commonly found color schemes in nature. The outfit, which is selected using these colors, is harmonious. The secondary color, as described above, can often be an analog color.

To determine which two colors are analog, select a color, skip one, and select the next. The two selected colors are analog.

Complementary colors are colors that are directly opposite each other on the color wheel. Complementary colors contrast with each other. Often, complementary colors can be used as highlights (described above).

Split Complementary Colors

Using split complementary colors will give you an outfit with a high degree of contrast, but not as saturated as the complementary color. Split complementary colors give more harmony than using a direct complementary color.

A split complementary color is a combination between two analog colors, and a complementary color from one that is between the two analog colors.

Process colors are three tones equidistant on the color wheel. If you want a bright and balanced outfit, a triadic color scheme might work for you. (Keep in mind that combinations are only given here to illustrate the hues we combine. Most color schemes offer different saturation variations.)

Triadic color combinations are located at an equal distance from each other. Skip three of any color (in this case), or 7 if using a 24-color color wheel.

Other color combinations

In addition to the color combinations described above, which are based on the positions of the colors on the wheel, there are several other types of color combinations.

monotonous chromaticity

A monotone color scheme is simply one color and its variations in terms of hues, shadows, and saturation. Using saturation and hue and shading color variations is always a good option. However, in most cases, we do not recommend using a completely monochromatic scheme, as there is a risk of monotony. However, using this scheme with black or white can be advantageous. And that's the only way he can look good.

Monotone achromatic scheme

A monotonous achromatic color scheme is a monotonous color combination that consists only of neutral tones (such as gray, beige), black, and white. An outfit with this color combination can look spectacular, but it can also be boring. Using an achromatic scheme with one highlighted bright color can be very effective.

Also, we should talk about black and white in clothes. Black and white are not considered colors, and in the fashion industry they are classified as neutral shades, as we specified above, these are beige, gray, etc.

Brown is also considered a neutral color in fashion. Brown belt, jacket, shoes, go with everything. In fashion, silver and gold colors are also considered neutral, so you can mix them. A gold bracelet can be worn with a silver one, even if it's not quite common.

The combination of colors in clothes - video

Examples of color combinations in clothes - photo

Finally

Now you have information about the color wheel with examples. The next time you choose colors and shades, follow these rules and you will look your best.

Using this information will definitely help you change your appearance for the better. Create your own style and don't be afraid to experiment. Good luck!

Demonstration version of the USE 2019 - task number 9

The automatic camera produces bitmaps of size 200×256 pixels. The same number of bits is used to encode the color of each pixel, the pixel codes are written to the file one after the other without gaps. Image file size cannot exceed 65 KB regardless of the size of the file header. What is the maximum number of colors can be used in the palette?

Solution:

200 256 x< 65·2 10 ·2 3

4 5 10 2 8 x< 13·5·2 8 ·4·8

10 x< 13·8

Answer: 1024

Demonstration version of the USE 2018 - task No. 9

An automatic camera produces bitmaps of size 640×480 pixels. At the same time, the size of the file with the image cannot exceed 320 KB, data is not packaged. What is the maximum number of colors that can be used in a palette?

Solution:

(320*2 10* 2 3)/(640*480) = 8

Answer: 256

What is the maximum number of colors that can be used in an image? To store an arbitrary raster image with a size of 1024×1024 pixels, 512 KB of memory is allocated, while for each pixel a binary number is stored - the color code of this pixel. For each
pixel to store the code allocated the same number of bits. Data compression is not performed.

Demonstration version of the USE 2017 - task No. 9

1) For convenience, we determine the number of pixels in the image using a power of 2.

1024×1024=2 10×2 10 = 2 20 .

2) We translate the volume of our file into bits, using the power of 2.

512Kb=2 9Kb
2 9 ×2 10 ×2 3 = 2 22 bit

3) Determine the encoding depth (the number of memory bits allocated per pixel). To do this, divide the file size by the number of pixels.

2 22 /2 20 =2 2 =4 bits per pixel.

4) Determine the number of colors in the palette.

Answer: 16

Demonstration version of the USE 2016 - task No. 9 a

What is the minimum amount of memory (in KB) must be reserved so that any 64x64 pixel bitmap can be stored, provided that the image can use
256 different colors? In the answer, write down only an integer, you do not need to write a unit of measurement.

Solution:

• For convenience, we define the number of pixels in an image using a power of 2.

64×64=26×26= 2 12 .

• Determine the number of colors in the palette.

• 2 12 * *2 3 =2 15 bits
• The answer must be specified in KB, so we divide the resulting number in bits by 1024 * 8
  2 15 / (2 10 *2 3) = 2 2 =4 KB

Answer: 4

Demonstration version of the USE 2016 - task No. 9 b

The musical fragment was recorded in mono format, digitized and saved as a file without using data compression. The size of the resulting file is 24 MB. Then the same piece of music was re-recorded in stereo (two-channel recording) and digitized with a resolution 4 times higher and a sampling rate 1.5 times lower than the first time. Data compression was not performed. Specify the size of the file in MB resulting from the rewrite. In the answer, write down only an integer, you do not need to write a unit of measurement.

Solution:

If the same piece of music was recorded in stereo and digitized with a resolution 4 times higher, then 24 * 2 * 4 = 192. Since the sampling rate has decreased by 1.5 times, we divide the resulting number by 1.5: 192 / 1.5 \u003d 128

Answer: 128

What is the minimum amount of memory (in KB) that must be reserved to store any 128 by 256 pixel bitmap as long as 64 different colors can be used in the image? In the answer, write down only an integer, you do not need to write a unit of measurement.

Solution:

128.256 = 2 7 .2 8 =2 15

Number of colors in the palette:

To find the volume, we need to multiply the number of colors in the palette by the number of pixels:

2 15 .6/ (2 10 *2 3) = 2 2 .6=24 Kb

Answer: 24

What is the minimum amount of memory (in KB) that must be reserved to store any 512 by 128 pixel bitmap as long as 16 different colors can be used in the image? In the answer, write down only an integer, you do not need to write a unit of measurement.

Solution:

Number of pixels in the image:

512.128 = 2 9 .2 7 =2 16

Number of colors in the palette:

To find the volume, we need to multiply the number of colors in the palette by the number of pixels:

2 16 .4 = 2 16 .2 2 b = 2 18 bits

The answer must be specified in KB, so we divide the resulting number in bits by 1024 * 8
2 18 / (2 10 *2 3) = 2 5 = 32 KB

Answer: 32

A 64 by 128 pixel image takes up 7 KB in memory (without compression). Find the maximum possible number of colors in the image palette.

Solution:

Number of pixels in the image:

64.128 = 2 6 .2 7 = 2 13

7 KB / 2 13 = 7.2 10 .2 3 / 2 13 = 7 bits (1 pixel)

Number of colors in the palette:

Answer: 128

A 512 x 256 pixel image takes up 80 KB in memory (not including compression). Find the maximum possible number of colors in the image palette.

Solution:

Number of pixels in the image:

512.256 = 2 9 .2 8 = 2 17

80 KB / 2 13 = 80.2 10.2 3 / 2 17 = 80/16 = 5 bits (1 pixel)

Number of colors in the palette:

Answer: 32

After converting a bitmap 16-color graphic file to black and white format (2 colors), its size has decreased by 21 KB. What was the size of the original file in KBytes?

Solution:

x-21 => 2 1 =2

Answer: 28

After converting a raster graphic file, its volume decreased by 1.5 times. How many colors were in the palette initially if, after conversion, a bitmap image of the same resolution was obtained in a 16-color palette?

Solution:

In 16-color palette:

16=2 4 => 4 bits (1 pixel)

The volume decreased by 1.5 times:

4.1.5 = 6 bits (1 pixel)

How many colors were in the palette:

Answer: 64

A two-channel (stereo) sound recording is made with a sampling frequency of 11 kHz and a coding depth of 16 bits. The recording lasts 6 minutes, its results are written to a file, data compression is not performed. Which of the following numbers is closest to the resulting file size in terms of megabytes?

1) 11 2) 12 3) 13 4) 15

Solution:

two-channel (stereo) = 2

with a sampling rate of 11 kHz = 11.1000 Hz

coding depth 16 bit

recording lasts 6 minutes = 6.60 = 360 seconds

All values ​​are multiplied and divided by (2 3 .2 10 .2 10) to make it a megabyte

2.11.1000.16.360 / (2 3 .2 10 .2 10) ≅ 15

Answer: 4

A single-channel (mono) sound recording is made with a sampling frequency of 128 Hz. When recording, 64 sampling levels were used. The recording lasts 6 minutes 24 seconds, its results are written to a file, and each signal is encoded with the minimum possible and the same number of bits. Which of the numbers below is closest to the size of the resulting file, expressed in kilobytes?

1) 24 2) 36 3) 128 4) 384

Solution:

single channel (mono) = 1

with sample rate 128 Hz

encoding depth not set!

64 = 26 sampling levels of the signal value are used, so there are 6 bit

recording lasts 6 minutes 24 seconds = 6.60 + 24 = 384 seconds

384.6.128 bits = 384.6.128 / (8.1024) KB = 384.6.2 7 / (8.2 10) = 384.6 / (8.2 3) = 384.6 / 64 = 6.6 = 36

Answer: 2

A four-channel (quad) sound recording was made with a sampling frequency of 16 kHz and 24-bit resolution. As a result, a 48 MB file was obtained, no data compression was performed. Which of the following values ​​is closest to the time during which the recording was made?

1) 1 min 2) 2 min 3) 3 min 4) 4 min

Solution:

four-channel (quad) = 4

with sample rate 16 kHz = 16.1000

encoding depth = 24 bit

closest to time = 48 MB / (4.16.1000.24) seconds

48.2 3.2 10.2 10 / (4.16.1000.24.60) minutes = 48.8.2 10 / (4.16.24.60) minutes

48.2 10 / (4.2.24.60) minutes = 2 10 / (4.60) minutes = 1024 / 240 minutes = 4 minutes

Answer: 4

A two-channel (stereo) sound recording was made with a sampling frequency of 64 kHz and 24-bit resolution. As a result, a 72 MB file was obtained, no data compression was performed. Determine approximately how long (in minutes) the recording took place. Give the answer as the nearest integer to the time of recording.

Solution:

two-channel (stereo) = 2

with sample rate 64 kHz = 64.1000

encoding depth = 24 bit

closest to time = 72 MB / (2.64.1000.24) seconds

72.2 3.2 10.2 10 / (2.64.1000.24.60) minutes = 72.2 3.2 10 / (2.64.24.60) minutes

72.2 10 / (2.8.24.60) minutes = 3.2 10 / (2.8.60) minutes = 2 10 / (2.8.20) = 4 minutes

1024 / 320 = 3 minutes

Answer: 3

The musical fragment was digitized and recorded as a file without the use of data compression. The resulting file was transmitted to city A over a communication channel in 80 seconds. Then the same musical fragment was re-digitized with a resolution 3 times higher and a sampling rate 4 times lower than the first time. Data compression was not performed. The resulting file was transferred to city B in 15 seconds. How many times is the speed throughput of the communication channel with city B higher than that of the communication channel with city A? Write down only a whole number in your answer.

Solution:

transfer rate to city A = X/80

If you increase the resolution by 3 times, the file size will increase by 3 times. Decreasing the sample rate by a factor of 4 reduces the file size by a factor of 4

volume of the file received after the second digitization = 3.X/4

transfer rate to city B = 3.X/(4.15) = 3.X/60

How many times the speed throughput = (3.X/60) : (X/80) = 4

Answer: 4

The musical fragment was recorded in stereo format (two-channel recording), digitized and saved as a file without using data compression. The size of the resulting file is 30 MB. Then the same piece of music was re-recorded in mono and digitized with a resolution 2 times higher and a sampling rate 1.5 times lower than the first time. Data compression was not performed. Specify the size of the file in MB resulting from the rewrite. In the answer, write down only an integer, you do not need to write a unit of measurement.

Solution:

stereo -> mono => 30/2

with twice the resolution = (30/2).2 = 30

sample rate 1.5 times less = 30/1.5 = 20

Answer: 20

The musical fragment was recorded in mono format, digitized and saved as a file without using data compression. The size of the resulting file is 75 MB. Then the same piece of music was re-recorded in stereo (two-channel recording) and digitized with a resolution 3 times higher and a sampling rate 2.5 times lower than the first time. Data compression was not performed. Specify the size of the file in MB resulting from the rewrite.

Solution:

mono -> stereo => 75.2 = 150

with resolution 3 times higher =150.3 = 450

sample rate 2.5 times less = 450/2.5 = 180

Answer: 180

The musical fragment was digitized and recorded as a file without the use of data compression. The resulting file was transmitted to city A over a communication channel in 50 seconds. Then the same piece of music was re-digitized with a resolution 3 times higher and a sampling rate 2 times higher than the first time. Data compression was not performed. The resulting file was transferred to city B; the throughput of the communication channel with city B is 2 times less than the communication channel with city A. How many seconds did the file transfer to city B take?

Solution:

volume of the first music file - X

transfer rate to city A = X/50

If you increase the resolution by 3 times, the file size will increase by 3 times. If the sample rate is doubled, the file size will be doubled.

volume of the file received after the second digitization = 3.2.X = 6.X

throughput of the communication channel with city B is 2 times less => X / (50.2) = X / 100

(6.X):(X/100) = 6.100 = 600

Answer: 600

The musical fragment was digitized and recorded as a file without the use of data compression. The resulting file was transmitted to city A over a communication channel in 45 seconds. Then the same piece of music was re-digitized with a resolution 4 times lower and a sampling rate 12 times higher than the first time. Data compression was not performed. The resulting file was transferred to city B in 15 seconds. How many times is the bandwidth of the channel to city B greater than the bandwidth of the channel to city A?

Solution:

volume of the first music file - X

transfer rate to city A = X / 45

When the resolution is increased by 4 times, the file size is reduced by 4 times. If the sample rate is increased by 12 times, the file size will increase by 12 times

volume of the file received after the second digitization = 12.X/4 = 3.X

transfer rate to city A = 3.X/15

(3.X/15):(X/45) = (3.X/15).(45/X) = 3.3 = 9

Answer: 9

Internet via satellite dish. The bandwidth of the channel for receiving data from the satellite is 8 Mbps. But this connection works only in one direction (to receive). In order for Vasya's computer to be able to give commands about what information needs to be transmitted from the satellite, Vasya connects a cell phone to the computer, which can transmit information to the network at a speed of no more than 256 Kbps. Vasya wants to download a 40 MB file. Information from the satellite arrives at Vasya's computer in fragments of no more than 1 MB. To receive each fragment, Vasya's computer must first transfer to the network a set of instructions with a total volume of 64 KB. What is the minimum possible number of seconds for Vasya to get the entire file?