I decided to collect all the tips for gardeners and gardeners, tricks or useful tips in one place. Many people think that the more experienced the gardener or gardener, the more harvest he has in the garden and the less problems he has. This is not entirely true. Of course, experience is very important in our horticultural business, but not only. It is important to be able to use knowledge. Many of the tips may seem strange, but rest assured, they really work! A few years of working at the dacha changed my life a lot. Most importantly, they brought joy and satisfaction. And what inventors are my colleagues in the garden! I never cease to be amazed! I have learned a lot from them and I hope to learn a lot more. I am sure that there are a lot of little tricks for gardeners and gardeners and the page with tips will be constantly updated.

1. Tops of tomatoes from pests

Pour the cut tops of tomatoes (stepchildren, lower leaves) with water. Insist for a day. You can spray with this composition cruciferous (for example, cabbage, radish, radish, etc.) and pumpkin (cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkins) from various pests. Another secret - if the tops are allowed to sour, you will get an excellent top dressing for any crops.

2. How to water onions sown with seeds so that they are healthy

Black onions should be watered not only with water, but alternately, either with a weak ash solution (1 glass of ash per bucket of water), or with a very weak solution of potassium permanganate - all pests disappear - the onion becomes strong, healthy.

3. How to keep carrots until spring?

Just leave one bed of carrots undigged. Carefully cut off all the tops, cover the bed on the palm of your hand with earth on top. In the spring, rake the ground - dig up the carrots. It will be fresh, juicy and delicious!

4. How to get rid of moles - summer tricks and tips

5. Parsley shoots will appear in three hours

Many of us grow greens for the table on the window or balcony. It is very comfortable. Parsley seeds germinate very slowly, but there is one trick to "make" them germinate very quickly. Prepare a container with earth, moisten it, sprinkle the earth with quicklime three times every 10-15 minutes. Sow parsley seeds pre-soaked in milk. The seeds will sprout in three hours. The room should be warm, not lower than 20°C.

6. Iodine for the garden

a) If, when growing seedlings, tomatoes are poured once with a weak iodine solution (one drop of iodine per three liters of water), flower brushes will form faster, will be more branched, and the number of ovaries will increase. The fruits on such tomatoes will be 10-15% larger, ripen several days earlier. When the seedlings are planted in the ground, then after two weeks the plants can again be poured with iodine water 1 liter under each root (three drops of iodine per bucket of water).

b) To protect strawberries from gray rot, it is useful to spray the bushes 2-3 times with a solution of iodine (10 ml per 10 liters of water) with an interval of 10 days.

7. Pine needles for pest control

Pine needles can be effectively used in the fight against pests in the garden. To do this, take 1 kg of needles per 5 liters of water, put in a dark place for a week. Stir the infusion daily in order to extract the necessary substances from the pine needles. Then strain the infusion. Before spraying, add water to the original volume. Adding 20 g of liquid soap to 5 liters of infusion increases its effectiveness. Apply an infusion of pine needles against aphids, suckers.

When you need to urgently prepare an infusion, you can take pine needles, pour boiling water over them in a 1: 1 ratio, leave for a day. Strain, add liquid soap - the preparation is ready. Such a strong infusion should be diluted with water 1:5 before use. The experience of gardeners has shown that spraying should be carried out in the late afternoon. The effect multiplies.

According to the norms, the advice is as follows: for a currant bush - 1.5 l, for a gooseberry bush - 1 l, for a raspberry bush - 2 l, for a square meter of strawberries - 0.2 l, for an adult tree - 10 l. Currants and gooseberries are sprayed at the very beginning of flowering in order to prevent the appearance of moths. Repeat the operation with an interval of 5 days.

An infusion of pine needles helps strawberries against gray rot - this is very important for preserving the crop. Pine suppresses gray rot during the ripening period of berries, so it’s a good idea to mulch strawberry plantings with pine needles.

8. How to protect strawberries from birds

To keep strawberries (strawberries) in the garden from birds, immediately after flowering, place various small objects painted in bright red that look like ripe berries (for example, walnuts, round pebbles) between the plants, painted in bright red. By the time the berries are ripe, curious birds will already understand that they have nothing to do here.

9. How to use bird (chicken, pigeon) droppings?

It should be remembered that bird droppings are a very concentrated fertilizer, it is impossible to overestimate the doses of its use. When digging the soil per 1 sq. m contribute 500 g of dry bird droppings. When planting plants, it is introduced into holes, nests no more than 8-10 g per plant. Effective liquid feeding: fresh bird droppings are diluted with water in such a ratio - if the bird droppings are fresh - then 1 kg per 10 liters of water, and if dry - then 1 kg per 20 liters of water.

As soon as the bird droppings get wet, they mix it well and bring it under the plants, without leaving it to ferment. A solution of bird droppings is consumed at 2 liters per 1 sq. m. After pouring the soil around the plant with this solution, it should be covered with a layer of dry soil of 1 cm and poured with clean water.

10. How to burn garbage in a country house or plot

Burning garden debris in the spring or late fall is a difficult task for many gardeners. Wet residues do not want to flare up. In this difficult matter will help ... a brick. Put it first in a dry place so that it dries well. Completely submerge the dry brick for three hours in kerosene. When it is soaked, wrap it in plastic wrap. Firstly, so that it does not “flavor” the air, and secondly, this way it will retain its combustible properties longer. When it will be necessary to burn the garbage, it is placed inside the prepared heap and set on fire.

It burns long and evenly. In order to extinguish the flame later, the brick is pulled out of the fire with a stick, covered with a wet thick rag.

11. How to sow carrots without the hassle?

Carrots have very small seeds. It is very inconvenient to sow them - sometimes a lot, sometimes a little gets into the groove of the bed. There is an exit! Take a small medicine bottle. Make a small hole in the lid, slightly larger than a carrot seed. Pour the seeds into a bottle and, closing the lid, sow on the garden bed like salt. You will get a very economical option.

12. Sharpening garden tools, secrets

We, gardeners and gardeners, need a good cutting tool: garden knives, shovels, secateurs, axes, choppers, flat cutters, saws. But, alas, it is very rare now to get a quality instrument. Choppers quickly become dull and jagged. Blades bend and break. Our heavy black soil does not withstand all modern tools. But these shortcomings are easily eliminated by treating them with a weak solution of table salt.

Gardeners have been using hardening and pointing a cutting tool in a solution of sodium chloride for a long time. I learned about this trick, about this method of sharpening from my father.

The solution is prepared simply: 1 glass of water + 1 tablespoon of salt. Water temperature matters. If the tool is made of hard and brittle (brittle) steel, then it should be slightly warm - + 28-35 ° C. And if the steel is soft, then the brine water should be even warmer - + 35-40 ° С. Of course, the volume of the solution depends on the size of the tool that you will be preparing for sharpening. The tool must be completely immersed in water.

If you are going to harden a new tool with salt, then you first need to sharpen it, and then put it in a salt solution for half an hour. After that, it can already be finally sharpened and directed. Periodically rinse the tool in salt water while sharpening. The father is sure that with such sharpening the tool will not break - brittleness will disappear, hard steel will become more elastic. Not only that, this tool lasts longer and does not grind as quickly as when sharpening without the use of salt water.

13. Seed treatment before sowing

Seed treatment with hydrogen peroxide is not a completely new, but quite promising method of disinfecting and preparing seed material for sowing, especially in the absence of potassium permanganate, which is familiar to us, on sale. At the same time, hydrogen peroxide increases the sowing qualities of seeds, plant immunity, growth and development rates, and increases the yield.

To improve sowing qualities and stimulate germination, seeds are soaked in a 0.4% hydrogen peroxide solution for 12 hours, and difficult-to-sprout seeds, for example, beet seeds, parsley, for 24 hours.

For disinfection, the seed is treated in a 10% hydrogen peroxide solution for 20 minutes at a seed to solution weight ratio of 1:1. Then the seeds are washed with water and dried to the flowability required for sowing.

Soaking the seeds in a 0.4% hydrogen peroxide solution increases the germination energy, accelerates the emergence of seedlings by 2-4 days, increases the yield, and helps to reduce the nitrate content in the product. Treatment of seed material with a 10% hydrogen peroxide solution reduces the infection of seeds with pathogens.

Don't be lazy! Carry out the treatment and disinfection of seeds before sowing with hydrogen peroxide, and the result will not be long in coming.

14. How to protect trees in winter from hares and mice

It turns out that you can do without such time-consuming work as tying the boles of young trees with film, spruce branches and other materials. The trick is that hares can't stand some smells. For example, the smell of fish oil or stale fat. Lubricate the trunks with one of these "drugs". There is another way: hang bags of mothballs on the lower branches of the tree.

15. Sweet peppers have stopped setting new fruit.

How to "force" the pepper to tie new fruits? I read the answer to this question a long time ago, but I was in no hurry to publish it, as I myself forgot to follow it in practice. It often happens (for me, at least), you seem to know about something, but memory does not throw up the answer at the right time. And last year (summer 2018), just such a situation happened with sweet pepper. It bloomed on time, fruit set, but there were no new flowers. And I really saw that I would not see a big harvest. Quite by chance, looking through my notes, I saw this advice and decided that it would not be worse than it was. There won't be enough pepper anyway.

So the advice was that as soon as you saw that after the first ovaries of pepper no new buds are formed, you must ruthlessly cut off all the ovaries. The practical experience of expert gardeners assured that after such an operation, the pepper would begin to bloom with renewed vigor and give a good harvest by the end of the garden season.

Ruthlessly cut off all the ovaries, as you might have guessed, I could not. The worm of doubt: how to cut it all off, suddenly there will be nothing at all, did not let me do it on all plants. I still left some of the peppers with ovaries untouched. So what? The advisers were right!

After 10-12 days, peppers with torn fruits gave as many buds as I had never had before. Some of the ovaries and flowers fell off, but a sufficient number of fruits set. These peppers never stopped blooming again. The ovaries formed regularly, the plants themselves became more powerful, branched than those that I regretted. I have not been left without a harvest! By the way, peppers left with ovaries stood for a very long time without new ovaries. They appeared only closer to autumn, but they did not have time to fully mature.

What garden tricks do you know? What advice can you give to colleagues, gardeners and gardeners?

What could be better than vegetables grown on your own plot? You can eat these vegetables without fear and feed them to children, because you are sure that they do not contain any chemistry dangerous to health. But growing vegetables is not easy, especially if you are not very good at gardening. In this article, we will provide some useful tips for growing vegetables in your summer cottage.

You do not need to immediately plant the entire area with vegetables. Large volumes are needed only in cases where you plan to sell the crop. For most of us, small beds will suffice. Remember that you should have enough time for a full care. And if it is not provided, large volumes will not help. Here it is better to take not quantity, but quality.

Choose between regular and raised beds

Raised beds are a great choice for small areas that don't require machine work. By opting for raised beds, you will make it easier to deal with grass. On such beds it is easier to control the composition of the soil. Well, do not forget that in the case of raised beds during work on the site, you do not have to bend too low. Your back will thank you.

Don't Forget the Sunshine

To organize a garden bed, it is advisable to choose a site that is illuminated by the sun 6, and preferably 8 hours a day. The more sunlight the plants receive, the better they will feel. This statement is true in cases where the intensity of solar radiation does not exceed critical values.

Remember to water

Organize the bed in the place where the hose or sprayer reaches. Any plants need water, and carrying it in buckets is a dubious pleasure. Vegetables need at least 25mm of rain per week. If there is no precipitation, the need for water will have to be met on their own.

Beware of frost

Plant vegetables when there is no risk of frost. Follow weather forecasts.

Plant the vegetables you will eat

The advice is seemingly obvious, but it is not always followed. No need to plant 4 beds of zucchini, because you simply won’t eat them. Vegetables will have to be thrown away or distributed. The same goes for other vegetables. Decide on the most popular vegetables in your family and focus on growing them.

Choose the right vegetables

Remember that not all vegetables will perform equally well in your climate. It is worth considering your experience in gardening. Beginners can be advised to try their hand at cherry tomatoes, onions, carrots.

Prepare the ground

The soil for vegetables should be well fertilized. When growing vegetables in raised beds, don't forget about drainage. If you settled on regular beds, be sure to add a few bags of compost or humus to the soil. Raised beds can be filled with a mixture of ordinary soil, peat and compost.

Take care of your inventory

You will need basic garden tools: a shovel, a shovel, a rake, a garden watering can, gloves. Also does not fit a folding stool.

Feel free to ask for help

Ask questions to experienced gardeners, try to learn from the mistakes of others. Remember that many useful articles can be found on the Internet, in books and magazines. There are even video instructions for gardeners and gardeners.

This information will be useful not only to those who first decided to acquire beds, but also to experienced gardeners: remembering the basics is always useful. And those who have already harvested the first early harvest can re-sow, picking up the appropriate early crops.

Peas (unlike heat-loving beans) are best sown early, as soon as it becomes possible to cultivate the soil.

There are two main groups of peas - peeling and sugar. Shelling varieties are grown for green peas, it is suitable for canning, sugar varieties are grown for unripe beans (shoulder blades). Mostly immature seeds of brain varieties are used for food.

Sowing

Before sowing, pea seeds are subjected to air-thermal heating, which activates the energy of germination, germination, and further promotes the growth and development of plants. Seeds are sown at a distance of 4-5 cm in a row and 18 cm between rows. Seeding depth - 3-5 cm (on chernozems), 8-10 cm (on sandy soils). It is necessary to sow the seeds in abundantly watered grooves, literally in the mud, mulching on top with loose soil.

Growing Features

Pea seedlings tolerate small frosts, but they suffer greatly from extreme heat and dry winds.

Our advice:

For tall varieties of peas (asparagus varieties reach a height of 2.5 m), a trellis must be installed.

Peas bear fruit even in semi-shady places of the site, being content with sunlight for only 6-8 hours a day. Flowering begins 30-55 days after sowing. The pods can be harvested "on the shoulder" 8-12 days after flowering - the valves of sugar varieties at this time remain juicy, and the seeds are just beginning to form. Green peas are harvested 12-15 days after flowering. It is very important to remove ripened pods in time to enable others to ripen faster.

What should you know?

• In dry weather, the beans crack and the seeds fall off, and in wet weather they are affected by fungal diseases.
• Pea varieties are pollinated, so if you want to keep the variety pure and get seeds for subsequent crops, place beds with different varieties of peas at a distance of at least 25 m.

Beans are more demanding on lighting and heat than peas, so they are sown on well-lit fertile beds when the soil is already warm enough.

Varieties of beans are also asparagus (they are eaten in the stage of young, not hardened shoulder blades) and cereals. Less whimsical in the care of beans for grain.

If you want to grow a delicacy, choose asparagus beans. They will serve as a constant source of vitamin production until the most autumn frosts.

Our advice:

If you don't have the ability or desire to support climbing beans, choose bush varieties.

Sowing and cultivation features

Beans are sown with seeds previously soaked in a bright pink solution of potassium permanganate (at night - for morning sowing, for 7-8 hours in the afternoon - for evening). Sow in an ordinary way according to the scheme 45x20-25 cm for climbing varieties and 25-30x10-15 cm for bush varieties. Seeding depth - 3-4 cm. Seedlings appear 4-6 days after sowing. In the phase of the 1st true leaf, the seedlings are thinned out. During the growing season, the soil in rows and between rows is loosened 3-4 times, removing weeds.

What should you know?

• Beans are a fairly drought-resistant crop, but in dry years it needs watering.
• Beans, like peas, are an excellent predecessor for most vegetable crops; they enrich the soil with nitrogen.

Be sure to sow a very useful and unpretentious spinach. It is sown in the spring as a precursor for late-planted heat-loving vegetables, in the summer after harvesting early-ripening crops, extending sowing until mid-August.

Sowing

It is advisable to carry out the first sowing as early as possible, and subsequent sowing every 20-30 days. Spinach seeds are soaked in clean water for 1-2 days at room temperature, then dried to flowability. Seeding depth - 2-3 cm on heavy soil and 4 cm on light soil.

Our advice:

It is convenient to sow spinach in ribbons with seeds glued with starch paste: 2-3 cm in a row and 15-18 cm between rows.

Growing Features

After sowing, it is advisable to roll the soil so that it settles, and mulch with peat or humus. Shoots appear in 7-12 days. After 2-3 days after the emergence of seedlings, the aisles are loosened and the seedlings are thinned out, leaving a distance of 4-5 cm between them. The second and subsequent thinnings are carried out as the plants grow. Care consists in the timely loosening of the soil and the removal of weeds.

In dry and hot weather, watering is required. In dry soil and at high temperatures, spinach begins to shoot.

Depending on the variety, technical ripeness of spinach occurs 14-35 days after germination. Selectively harvested - the most powerful plants, pulling them out entirely, or the most developed leaves from different plants, carefully cutting off so as not to damage the remaining ones.

What should you know?

• Fresh spinach does not store well, so it should be harvested immediately before use.
• It can be prepared for the future, as it is perfectly preserved frozen.

Our advice:

If you like your home grown spinach variety, leave a few plants to bloom and harvest the ripening seeds in time.

Zucchini or zucchini

Also, be sure to sow zucchini or zucchini, and 45-65 days after germination, you will get a harvest.

Growing Features

Zucchini you can grow seedlings one by one in cups and plant immediately with a clod of earth without disturbing the root system. In open ground, seeds are sown according to the scheme 80x80 or 100x100 cm, 2-3 seeds per nest. The depth of seed placement is 1-2 cm. Seedlings appear 7-10 days after sowing.

When the first true leaves appear, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving one of the most powerful plants in the nest.

The main care is the timely removal of weeds and loosening of the soil. In dry and hot summers, plants are abundantly watered 1-2 times a week with warm water under the root, avoiding getting it on the leaves.

What should you know?

• Zucchini prefer soils rich in organic matter with a high nitrogen content.
• Zucchini even more demanding not only to the soil, but also to light, heat, moisture. When shaded, pollen does not ripen in them and the amount of ovary decreases sharply. But zucchini also has a great advantage - the phase of the beginning of seed formation in the fruit occurs 1.5-2 weeks later than zucchini, so the pulp retains a delicate texture for a long time.
• Young fruits lie in the refrigerator for up to two months, mature fruits are stored until spring. From them you can cook the same dishes as from zucchini, and use the seeds like pumpkin seeds.

Our advice:

If you want to get zucchini and zucchini seeds - leave the most even and beautiful fruit for full ripening. Then select the seeds, rinse them from the pulp and dry, and cook stew or caviar from the juicy tasty pulp.

What is a garden without beets? It will take 60-85 days to grow long-term roots for winter storage.

Sowing

Seeds are sown in open ground from the third decade of April until the end of June. Therefore, if you did not have time to sow beets in the early stages - do not worry, you still have time. In addition, root crops formed during the summer sowing period are juicier, sweeter and better stored.

It should be noted that during the June sowing dates, the plants need frequent watering.

To speed up the emergence of seedlings, soaked seeds are sown as soon as single roots appear. Sowing is carried out in an ordinary way according to the scheme 30x8-12 cm. The depth of seed placement is 1-1.5 cm.

Growing Features

Beet shoots appear in 7-12 days. They are thinned out, starting from the phase of the 1st true leaf, gradually increasing the distance between plants, until the beginning of the phase of root formation. After thinning, it is advisable to water, and then loosen the soil and lightly spud the plants.

Our advice:

Removed plants can be used as seedlings, planted for growing, and green leaves will fit into a salad.

The main methods of caring for plants are removing weeds, loosening the soil and watering. Beets are harvested selectively when the root crops reach a diameter of 3-3.5 cm. And you should not rush to harvest root crops intended for storage, they grow intensively in autumn, reaching standard sizes.

Mass harvesting of root crops is carried out before the onset of the first autumn frosts, even at a temperature of -1 ° C, they are damaged and poorly stored. Dig up beets in dry weather. The leaves are cut 1-1.5 cm above the head of the root crop, the main and lateral roots are not cut. Root crops are stored at a temperature of 1-3 ° C in basements or other rooms, laying them in layers in small boxes and pouring sand.

Our advice:

Beetroot seeds can be obtained by planting a healthy and even beet root preserved in the cellar or bought on the market in the spring. It is necessary to shorten the central root by a third and plant it on a bed with fertile soil, in the summer to observe the basic agricultural practices - watering and feeding.

What should you know?

Beet is a cold-resistant and fairly shade-tolerant plant. Therefore, if you have an empty area where sunlight is only 6 hours a day, sow beets on it - it will be comfortable and cozy there.

A “miniature pharmacy” in your garden can be a familiar and familiar carrot. The timing of its sowing depends on the purpose of the product.

The June sowing of late-ripening varieties will allow harvesting for winter storage, and in order to obtain early beam products, early-ripening varieties of carrots are sown before winter (October - November).

Sowing

In the spring, the soil in the garden is well leveled, before sowing the seeds they roll (compact), mark the rows and make grooves: for early varieties - at a distance of 15-20 cm, for medium and late-ripening - 20-25 cm. Sow only in moist soil. The depth of seed placement is 1-1.5 cm. After sowing, the soil is slightly compacted again and mulched with dry earth (0.5 cm layer). When sowing with rolling, seedlings appear on the 8–10th day, and without it, on the 18–21st.

Growing Features

Shoots are thinned out in the phase of the 1st true leaf, leaving the plants at a distance of 3-6 cm from each other. Further care consists in the timely removal of weeds, loosening the soil and watering. During the growing season, the soil is loosened 2-3 times, and also after each rain or watering.

What should you know?

• To avoid the appearance of green, bitter-tasting, heads in root crops, carrots should be slightly spud during weeding.
• In the aisles of carrots, it is advisable to plant onions, it will protect the plants from the carrot fly.

White cabbage

White cabbage can be grown both through seedlings and by sowing seeds in open ground - at a distance of 30-45 cm in a row, with row spacing of 70 cm. Depending on the variety, the crop can be obtained in 65-100 days.

Growing Features

Throughout the growing season, cabbage requires high soil and air moisture. But waterlogging of the soil, especially long-term, it does not tolerate, the roots begin to die off or a dangerous disease develops - bacteriosis. Therefore, in wetlands, cabbage should be planted on ridges or high ridges.

Care consists in timely watering, removing weeds and loosening the soil. Cabbage is harvested when the heads of cabbage reach the color and size characteristic of the variety.

It is impossible to be late with harvesting cabbage, as heads of cabbage can crack.

What should you know?

• Cabbage is a tasty morsel for pests and slugs, but that's no reason to pass up the opportunity to try growing it.
• To protect the seedlings from insects, soak them overnight before planting in open ground in a solution of actara.
• Hyssop or mint planted around the perimeter of cabbage beds will save you from slugs.

In your first garden, you can try these staples and many more, depending on your tastes. With some plants you will get a good harvest, with others, you may fail. But never give up! Stay inquisitive, active, look for answers to questions, master the agricultural techniques of failed plants again and again - and you will definitely succeed. Good luck and have a great season!

Svetlana Vnukova, p. Russian Tishki, Kharkiv region
© Magazine "Ogorodnik"
Photo: depositphotos.com, © Gennady Marichev

Perhaps your gardening experience is measured in years, or you are just beginning to learn all the intricacies of this art. But, for sure, there are little tricks that you did not know about, and which will help you overcome difficulties and make it easier to grow vegetables, fruits and other crops. Since ancient times, people have mastered various techniques for growing and caring for garden and vegetable plants, they helped them cope with the vagaries or ailments of vegetables and fruits and grow large and tasty crops.

Help gardener

♦ To make the seeds germinate faster, they are soaked in a solution of hydrogen peroxide (4%) for 12 hours (cabbage), and tomato and beet seeds - for 24 hours.

♦ To disinfect seeds (instead of potassium permanganate), they are treated with 10% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes. The ratio of solution and seeds is 1:1. The seeds are then washed and dried.

Help gardener

♦ Seedlings of pumpkin crops such as cucumber, squash, zucchini can be grown in this way: cut the sod into cubes 10 * 12 cm, turn the roots down, make a depression and plant a seed in it.

♦ Seedlings that have a long way to go should not be dived into large pots immediately. It is better to give them cassettes or small pots (with a volume of about 100 ml), and when they become crowded, then move them to a larger container along with the soil in which they lived. Development will slow down, and the seedlings will turn out to be stronger - it is easier to keep them from overgrowing if the spring is not in a hurry and planting has to be postponed. If you dive immediately into a large pot, the plant will quickly gain weight, it will be more loose.

Help gardener

♦ If you stroke the tops of the seedlings every day for 1-2 minutes, they will not stretch. When touched, ethylene is released, which inhibits this process.

♦ During transshipment, tomatoes can be placed in containers (1.2-1.5 liters for "large" and 1 liter per planting at the age of 50 days) in pairs. This will save space on the windowsill or under the lamps without sacrificing comfortable lighting conditions.

♦ If we put pots and cassettes in trays and water them, we will achieve not only convenience in work. The bulk of the roots is formed in the lower part of the soil clod. After planting, such seedlings take root more easily, and the roots grow deep into the ridge. By the way, if there is no suitable pallet, it is easy to make it yourself from a piece of thick film with raised edges (place and fix the rails around the perimeter).

Help gardener

♦ Seedlings will be more compact if, instead of pure water, they are watered with a weak solution (0.1-0.15%) of mineral fertilizers with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus. It is easy to find special brands of complex seedling fertilizers on sale. You can also alternate watering with potassium nitrate and superphosphate extract, but modern complex fertilizers are better because they contain phosphorus in a more accessible form and are enriched with trace elements. This is especially true for ready-made soils, in which the nutrient supply is small. But even the most "fatty" soil can provide the needs of seedlings for no more than a month after picking - further feeding is needed.

♦ The best "educator" of strong vegetable seedlings is coolness. Temperature regimes for tomato, pepper, cucumber differ significantly not only for different species, but also depending on what the permanent “place of residence” will be. For unheated greenhouses, you can’t cook sissies! Lowering the night temperature for 3-5 hours to 6 ° C will harden the tomato, 10 ° C is acceptable for pepper, 12 ° C for cucumber. A glazed balcony, a veranda, a greenhouse are suitable as a “procedure room”, but the situation should be under control.

Help gardener

♦ Seedlings grown behind glass are unaccustomed not only to cold, but also to ultraviolet radiation. So that she does not get burned, after being delivered to the landing site, she is put on the ridges in boxes for a day or two. If there is a need to leave for several days, the windows in the greenhouse are left open (only not in anticipation of a severe frost) and the plants are covered with a double layer of non-woven material, thus creating a buffer temperature protection that slows down cooling and prevents overheating.

Help gardener

♦ Planting of vegetable crops that take a long time to grow from germination to harvest can be divided into two periods. First of all, this applies to tomato and pepper, if they are intended only for the needs of the family. A rational solution is to grow quite a few, 5-7 plants, exclusively large seedlings aged 55-65 days, in order to plant it already blooming. A few seedlings are easy to place so that they have enough light.

♦ In a month, sow a new batch of seeds for mini-seedlings - it will give a harvest later, when it's time to harvest. In addition, miniature seedlings in the greenhouse will take up less space, the edges of the ridges will remain free for a long time and can be occupied by something else: seedlings for open ground or early ripening crops.

♦ If you stick a nettle stalk next to each planted cabbage plant, then it will take root better.

Help gardener

♦ If you plant a sunflower on a cucumber bed, the yield of cucumbers will increase and they will bear fruit longer.

♦ Plants with small roots and large leaves require the most water: radishes, lettuce, cucumbers, cabbage, zucchini.

♦ Basil, planted near tomatoes, improves their taste.

♦ Phlox flowers will be brighter colored if you fertilize the ground with ashes. Of course, the earth should be loose, moist and moderately seasoned with manure.

Help gardener

♦ Even in a dry summer, do not water the potatoes before flowering: all the strength of the plants will go into the tops. But after flowering, watering will be just right: the tubers will begin to pour faster.

♦ The yield of potatoes will be three times greater if potato seedlings (10-12 cm) are spudded immediately after rain or heavy watering. Then additional trunks are formed, on which tubers will appear after a while.

♦ Beetroot loves sprinkler irrigation and frequent but careful loosening.

♦ After the second thinning, the beets are fed with mineral fertilizers.

♦ Beetroot grows best in narrow beds, 3 rows wide maximum with distances between plants from 15-17 cm.

Help gardener

♦ Until the carrots have sprouted, water them regularly. When shoots appear, it is better not to water them for 12-15 days, except for dry days. This allows the roots to go as deep as possible into
soil.

♦ Dill is best sown in the sun, as in the shade it reduces the flavor of the leaves. Do not add ash and lime under dill

♦ In mid-July, the earth is carefully raked from the fruits of celery and wiped with a cloth. After 15-50 minutes, spud again. Watering is carried out only after 2-3 days.

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♦ To stimulate pumpkin fruiting, its whips are pinned to the ground and rooted.

♦ When it gets cold, buckets of hot water are brought into the greenhouse, heated bricks are laid out on metal sheets.

♦ In order to increase the yield on the site, it is necessary to attract pollinating insects. To do this, sow pink and white clover, fescue, bluegrass. Insects are also attracted by the flowers of white mustard and
carrots.

♦ In order for remontant strawberry varieties to have more abundant fruiting in the second half of summer, flower stalks are broken out in spring.

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♦ Cucumber is demanding on moisture, especially during flowering and fruiting. However, at the beginning of flowering, it is better to reduce watering, and then reinforce again. This contributes to faster fruit formation.

♦ In hot weather, cucumbers, along with abundant watering, combine frequent spraying.

♦ Cucumber pollen dies at t>30ºC Therefore, at this time, containers with water should be placed in the greenhouse.

♦ Low temperatures and sharp changes in day and night temperatures are the reasons for the deterioration of the taste of cucumber. Also, cucumbers do not tolerate drafts at all.

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♦ The increased content of carbon dioxide in the air accelerates the ripening of fruits and increases the yield. Therefore, it is useful to put a container with mullein in greenhouses and mix it from time to time.

♦ If at the beginning of summer several fruits are set on pepper plants, and flowering has stopped, then these fruits must be plucked. Plants after that will begin to bloom with redoubled energy and by the end of the season will give a high
harvest.

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♦ Loosen the soil more often to bring fresh air to the roots of the pepper and prevent the formation of a soil crust.

♦ To get rid of burdocks, cut off their stems at ground level and put some table salt on the cuts.

♦ A good companion for cucumber is dill.

♦ If mustard is sown next to peas, its yield will be 2 times higher.

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♦ If you plant tansy or wormwood under an apple tree, they will protect the tree from the codling moth. Protects the garden from pests and elderberry.

♦ If aphid attacked the cucumbers, boil a glass of ash with boiling water, let it stand for a couple of hours, dilute in five liters of water and sprinkle the plants.

♦ Infusion of marigolds (tagetes) - an excellent remedy against aphids. Plants cut during flowering, dry in the shade. Pour half a bucket of dry marigolds with a bucket of water, leave for two days, and then spray the affected plants by adding soap chips.

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♦ Destroys aphids, caterpillars and leaf-eating beetles decoction and infusion of delphinium stems and roots. For one part of the grass, take 10 parts of water, leave for two days and spray the damaged plants.

♦ Cabbage butterflies cannot stand the smell of marigolds (calendula) and tomato tops. They do not climb into those beds where these plants are planted in the aisles of cabbage.

♦ Another remedy for aphids is dandelion. Take 400 g of the leaves of this weed, fill it with a bucket of warm water, let it brew for a day, add a little soap shavings and spray.

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♦ You can save cabbage from the invasion of caterpillars like this. Dial in equal parts fresh pine and spruce needles, turn them through a meat grinder and scatter on the lower cabbage leaves and the ground around the plants.

♦ Where the bird cherry grows, there are no flies. And if you bring elderberry branches into the house, you can also drive out cockroaches - they cannot stand the smell of this plant.

♦ Nettle increases the disease resistance of nearby plants. That is why it is useful to mulch the aisles with chopped nettles.

♦ Repellent plants: lupine, celandine, nastrutium, calendula, marigolds, onion, kanufer, tansy, wormwood.

♦ It is useful to mulch strawberries with coniferous litter. This will improve the taste of the berries, and also help to cope with gray mold, weevil, ticks, wireworms. And mulching with ferns will help strawberries cope with nematodes and gray mold.

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♦ After a sharp cold snap, the plants are sprayed with immunocytophyte or zircon. And you can use an infusion of onion peel. Pour 0.5 liter jar of husks with 10 liters of water, boil, leave for 12 hours, strain. When spraying, dilute with water in a ratio of 2/10.

♦ Beets sown along potatoes and tomatoes help them cope with late blight.

♦ From cabbage butterflies and aphids, dill, coriander, celery, marigolds, calendula are sown in the aisles of cabbage, and wormwood branches are also laid out.

♦ When planting potatoes, a handful of ash is poured into the hole - it is a fertilizer and helps from the wireworm.

♦ Dry tea leaves and store for planting onions. Apply under each bulb at planting. Luke is not sick.

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♦ Fresh nettle infusion is an excellent fertilizer, no worse than manure. Pour half a bucket of finely chopped nettles with water and leave for a week. Then dilute with water (1:10) and water the beds.

♦ Iodine for cabbage. Add 40 drops of iodine to a bucket of water. When a head of cabbage begins to form, water the cabbage under the plant 1 liter each.

♦ Banana fertilizers. Take banana peels, fill them with water (for example, in a three-liter jar), wait until bubbles form on the surface: water indoor flowers. The proportions are arbitrary. You can pour water into old crusts, adding new ones.

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♦ Flowers by leaps and bounds. Dissolve 100 g of raw yeast in 10 liters of water. Water all plants, including indoor flowers, once a month. The result is excellent growth.

♦ Garlic infusion strengthens plant immunity. Pour 4-5 cloves of garlic in 1 liter of boiling water and let it brew for 20 minutes. Add the resulting solution to the water for irrigation, 1 tbsp. l. per 1 liter of water - for any plants.

♦ Spring clematis is watered with milk of lime - 100-150 grams per 10 liters of water.

♦ In order for rhubarb stalks to grow thick, the soil under the plants is fertilized every year.

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♦ Do not feed beans, peas, onions, garlic, beans with nettle infusion.

♦ Apples and pears need more potassium, while cherries need more nitrogen.

♦ Mustard siderates enrich the soil with phosphorus and sulfur, and also clean it from the bear and wireworm.

♦ Onions will grow better if mustard has grown in that spot.

♦ To increase the yield and improve the taste in the first half of June, garlic is first watered with salt water - 2 tbsp. spoons for 10 liters of water, and then ordinary.

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♦ With poor growth of carrots, beds with this crop are watered with a salt solution - 1 tbsp. spoon for 10 liters of water.

♦ All spring and summer, bury dry potato peelings under the currant bushes or brew them with boiling water, and use the cooled broth to water the currants. Potato peels are a rich source of starch that currants need so much. From him, her berries grow to the size of a cherry.

♦ Potato peels can also be used as fertilizer when planting cabbages and cucumbers. To do this, they are soaked and crushed into gruel. When preparing the holes, “potato porridge” is laid on the bottom, sprinkled with earth on top, and then seedlings are planted.

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♦ To better store the garlic, burn, say, on a candle flame the bottoms of the heads where the roots are.

♦ The sweetish taste of frozen potatoes will disappear if kept for 5-7 days at room temperature. It is possible in another way: lower the peeled tubers into cold water, and then into boiling water, where, in addition to salt, add a teaspoon of table vinegar.

♦ So that sauerkraut does not peroxide, put aspen chock in it.