Apartment - what is it? Are apartments residential or non-residential? What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment
Apartments, unlike apartments, are not residential, but commercial real estate. The main advantages of this housing format are an affordable price and a good location in the city center. Among the disadvantages are the inability to obtain permanent registration and a higher real estate tax rate. Roman Tkachenko, head of the representative office of the RD Group holding in Russia, tells in detail about the apartments in Moscow.
Location
The advantageous location is one of the main advantages of the apartments. In the central regions of Moscow, there is very little space left for residential development. And most companies that build on the site of industrial zones manage to get permission to build commercial real estate and apartments, not apartments.
Design solutions
Since the apartments are located on the territory of former factories and factories, this provides almost unlimited opportunities for bold architectural solutions in terms of both building facades and interior spaces. This is a free layout of apartments, and panoramic windows, and terraces with winter gardens, and the ability to install a fireplace, and much more.
Prices and taxes
Today, apartments of all classes are on sale, from comfort class to elite, and of various sizes. Apartments are usually 15-20% cheaper than apartments in residential complexes in the same areas. At the moment, apartments are classified as commercial real estate, and for them the annual tax rate is much higher than for housing: 2% of the cadastral value of the object. Another minus of apartments is that, since apartments are not formally considered housing, neither the developer nor the city is obliged to build the infrastructure for their residents.
The future of apartments
In November, a decree of the Moscow government was issued, according to which apartments can only be placed in hotels, apart-hotels and other objects for temporary residence and cannot be objects for permanent residence. However, the new regulation will not affect projects that have already received a building permit. The authorities are trying to regulate the apartment market, and, most likely, other laws will be adopted in 2015: for example, a change in the annual tax rate is expected.
The social infrastructure of modern society in the real estate industry is constantly evolving in order to meet all the needs of citizens in obtaining housing. Therefore, in practice, one can observe the demand for apartments and apartments. Attention to these properties is directed by buyers and developers. However, before making a choice, you should understand the question “apartments and apartments: what is the difference”.
The difference between an apartment and an apartment is important in many aspects, while also having some similar features. This is primarily due to the fact that these two types of housing have different purposes when purchased. In addition, the difference between an apartment and an apartment is considered depending on the country in which this property is of interest to the buyer. In this article, we will consider the nuances directly for the Russian Federation.
To get an idea of what an apartment is, you can mark this property as habitable, but at the same time having the status of temporary housing. Providing residents with a standard range of qualities, communication systems for a comfortable stay, the apartments are deprived of full benefits and some legal guarantees that are provided to the owners.
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What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment in practice?
It should be noted that the main differences between an apartment and an apartment are in the legal status. For example, the Housing Code of the Russian Federation clearly defines real estate that may be related to the housing stock:
- Apartment or part;
- Private house or part;
- Room.
In addition to the type of property, its main housing characteristics are functionality. In accordance with the current norms of Russian legislation, these are isolated premises suitable for living in them on a permanent basis. These premises must necessarily meet sanitary and hygienic standards, building codes, fire safety and other legislative criteria.
The above are requirements for familiar apartments, however, the functional purposes of the apartments are different. And this difference lies in the fact that they are intended for temporary residence of citizens. This means that from the legal point of view, this type of real estate is in the nature of non-residential premises, regardless of what was originally intended specifically for housing.
Apartment and apartment: payment difference
The difference between apartments and apartments is also observed in the cost of these two properties. The price of apartments on the market is lower, which gives them a seemingly tangible advantage. This fact is due to the fact that the developer is deprived of social obligations. But if, in the coming years, changes are made to Russian legislation regarding social nuances in the construction of such real estate, we can expect that a significant difference in cost will simply be erased.
At this stage, prices differ by an average of ten percent, and sometimes more. But despite the significantly reduced cost, the rent for their operation will be higher than in conventional apartments. Payment for housing and communal services is on average eighteen percent more than for the same services for housing in an apartment building. And if engineering and technical communication systems are brought up without mediation, then these services will become even more expensive.
Another nuance that you need to know about before purchasing a property is that there are no benefits and subsidies for apartment owners that apartment owners can use. And the level of income will not affect this fact in any way, since in the legislation, the same Housing Code, this category of owners is not mentioned.
What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment: the legal side
It has already been mentioned that, from the legal point of view, apartments are not in the full sense of the residential property. This is a kind of isolated room for temporary comfortable living, but close in characteristics to a hotel room.
In addition to the difference in the cost of the property and housing and communal services for its maintenance, it is also necessary to indicate that the owner, his family and other citizens can register in the apartment, but registration is not possible in the apartments. Because in the legal sense, this is not a living space. And although the owner will have all the necessary documents on hand that confirm his property rights, this will not give him the right to a residence permit. At the same time, even temporary registration can be problematic, since such registration is only allowed if they are in a building that has the status of an apart-hotel or hotel.
The next difference is the infrastructure itself in the social sphere - the developer is not required by law to take care of the location of polyclinics and educational institutions nearby.
Apartment or flat. common property
The Housing Code provides for an equivalent division of common property, responsibility for its maintenance between all owners of apartments in an apartment building. And such an order is not only provided for, it imposes a similar obligation. But nothing is said about the common property for apartment owners in the same regulations. That is, there are no obligations, but at the same time, in the event of disputes, litigation and other similar situations, considerable difficulties can arise. In addition, it is important to note that if the owner of an apartment, buying it, receives ownership along with it and part of the common facilities, then the buyer of the apartment receives only them and that's it. The rest of the building and its communications systems remain the property of the developer, which often means that the developer has the right to independently choose a management company with higher tariffs.
Here lies another distinctive point - the owners of apartments, by law, cannot create homeowners associations, because this type of real estate does not legally belong to the housing stock. But here you can use an alternative method - by signing an agreement to create a simple partnership or non-profit partnerships.
Apartments and flats: what's the difference? Advantages and disadvantages
For those who are faced with a choice in purchasing real estate, it will be useful to analyze the significant pros and cons of these two types of real estate:
| Advantages | disadvantages |
|---|---|
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Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that to a greater extent the choice between the options described in our article depends on the purpose of such an acquisition. For a family that has no other place of residence, this can hardly be called an ideal option, despite the cost of real estate. But for legal entities or for entrepreneurial activities with the rental of housing, the picture will have a completely different look.
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Apartments and apartments: what's the difference? If you do not already know about it, then this article will clarify the situation and allow you to better navigate real estate issues. I decided to publish it in the “Investments” section, because the purchase of apartments is most often carried out exactly as. As an acquisition for personal residence, in my opinion, this is not a very good option. What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment - you will learn about this by reading this publication.
What is an apartment?
The concept of "apartment" appeared not so long ago, but it is already on everyone's lips. However, observations show that most people have a completely distorted idea of what an apartment is. For example, many believe that this is a “luxury apartment”. Once upon a time, this term did have such a meaning, but now this is no longer necessarily the case.
It is also interesting that in French and Italian, from which the concept of “apartment” is borrowed, this word ( apartment,appartamento) really denotes an apartment. But now it has a different meaning. Let's be clear.
Apartments are non-residential premises in which the necessary conditions for living are created.
Accordingly, an apartment is a separate room equipped for living. It includes one or more living rooms, as well as, as a rule, a kitchen and a bathroom.
This type of real estate belongs to the non-residential fund, but at the same time it is intended for living (this is such a paradox). Most often, apartments can be found in real estate objects related to hotel buildings, office buildings, etc. Now they are quite popular as properties for investment and subsequent rental (later I will explain why).
It is noteworthy that in Russian and Ukrainian legislation there is no clear definition of the concept of “apartment”, therefore this term is used by realtors, developers, investors and any other people rather conditionally.
Today, developer companies often build and sell entire complexes of apartments, the so-called apart-hotels. Such real estate is in demand, and therefore is being built and bought up.
Apartments and apartments: what is the difference and similarity?
There is only one key similarity between an apartment and an apartment: it is a property to live in. Also, apartments and apartments, like any other real estate, in principle, can be rented out. Everything else - differences and quite significant. Let's take a look at them.
Difference 1 . Residential and non-residential fund. The main difference between an apartment and an apartment is that apartments are designed as non-residential real estate (just like shops, offices, warehouses, etc.), while apartments are designed as housing stock. All other differences follow from this.
Difference 2 . Unable to register. In apartments, a person cannot register, get a residence permit, but in an apartment he can. Hence, there are many different difficulties, we will consider them further.
Difference 3 . Tariffs for housing and communal services. Tariffs for housing and communal services for apartments are calculated as for non-residential real estate, and there they are always significantly higher than for residential. The difference in price sometimes happens several times. Therefore, if you live in apartments, the costs will be much higher.
Difference 4 . Difficulties due to lack of registration. If a person does not have any other real estate other than apartments, and he is not registered anywhere, then he will have many problems: he will not be able to get a TIN, open a bank account, get a job, get a compulsory medical insurance policy, etc.
Even if he has a registration in an apartment or house at a different address, but in fact he lives in an apartment, there will also be many difficulties: the inability to use free medical care at the place of residence, arrange a child in a kindergarten, etc.
Difference 5 . Infrastructure difference. When a residential real estate block is being built, the developer, as a rule, undertakes to build the necessary social facilities there (school, kindergarten, etc.). There is no such requirement for apartments, so apartment blocks may not be provided with all the necessary infrastructure, incl. even high-quality access roads. Also, apartments are subject to lower building density standards.
Difference 6 . Debt protection. When buying real estate in the primary market, the legislation protects buyers of residential real estate to one degree or another (for example, from the risk of bankruptcy of the developer, freezing construction, etc.), but buyers of non-residential real estate, which includes apartments, are much less protected, or not protected at all, they take all these risks.
Difference 7 . Taxation. The purchase and sale of residential and non-residential real estate are subject to taxes and fees at different rates. In addition, real estate tax rates, which are paid by owners throughout the entire period of ownership, are also different. For apartments, these rates are higher, so the current costs of their owners will be higher by this criterion of difference.
Difference 8 . Price. And, finally, at least one pleasant difference between apartments and apartments is their price. Since the requirements for the construction of non-residential premises are simpler, the developer's costs are lower, and such real estate costs much less compared to apartments. For example, in the same area, an apartment and an apartment of the same area can have a cost that differs by 2 times: an apartment will be more expensive, an apartment is cheaper.
Now you have a clearer idea of what is the difference between an apartment and an apartment. Based on the above differences, I want to conclude:
Apartments are a good option for investing in real estate for the purpose of subsequent rental: you can buy them for much less and rent them out for about the same price as an apartment. But buying apartments in order to live in them is, in my opinion, not the best solution, because. the running costs of maintaining such housing will be significantly higher, plus you will experience a lot of the inconveniences that I described above.
However, this is only my subjective opinion, and you can draw your own conclusions. The main thing is to understand well how apartments differ from apartments, which I explained to you in this article.
In subsequent publications, I will consider the purchase of apartments as an investment asset in more detail. Stay with us and stay tuned for updates. See you at!
The residential and commercial real estate market is incredibly vast. When offering housing, realtors often refer to an apartment as an apartment. This term becomes a kind of symbol of success, luxury, independence and wealth.
But are these concepts the same - an apartment and an apartment? Even the most superficial glance will determine that these are completely different things. Consider the difference between an apartment and an apartment. Let us determine how significant these differences are, and why it is necessary to clearly distinguish between these concepts.
What is an apartment?
The following definition is generally accepted. An apartment is a type of detached property used both for permanent residence and for renting out. It has a separate entrance and is fully adapted for a normal life: there are all necessary communications, heating, water supply, sewerage. Apartments are not the same, they differ from each other by different location in the city, area, type of structure of a residential building, its number of storeys and many other parameters. But, despite all the differences, apartments make up one specific segment - residential real estate, or housing stock.
There are enough offers for the sale of apartments on the domestic real estate market: these are apartments in new buildings, and secondary housing. The apartments for sale can be excellently refurbished, but are usually unfurnished.
Apartments: what is it
Apartments equipped with modern communications, excellent furniture and located in hotel complexes are called apartments. This is an elite type of luxury rental property used for temporary residence of wealthy guests. The main characteristics of such an object are a modern stylish design and complete provision with household and technical communications. Accommodation in apartments is possible only on a temporary basis.
In other words, an apartment is a non-permanent dwelling, identical to a hotel room. And as in a classic hotel room, an indispensable attribute of living in it is full service at a convenient time for guests, including the full range of cleaning, linen change, parking spaces, specialized security services, and other infrastructure facilities.
This one is very popular in resort areas and megacities. Often, wealthy citizens buy apartments in the immediate vicinity of work for reasons of time saving. Comfortable complexes, the so-called apart-hotels, are being built in sufficient proximity to the sea or the business center of the city.
The potential buyer is offered various types of apartments, the most common of which are one-bedroom and Western "studio" options, in which the living room is combined with the kitchen. However, the market sells apartments with 2 and 3 bedrooms, as well as multi-level premises. The difference between an apartment and an apartment is that the buyer of an apartment acquires a living space with a modern renovation, stylish furniture and built-in appliances.
Legal status of the apartments
In Russian legislation, the concept of "apartments" is not fixed, at the same time, the term "residential premises" is given a rather lengthy definition. It is recognized as a separate room as part of real estate, suitable for permanent residence and in accordance with the established standards of sanitary, technical and other operational rules. Legislation as residential provides for the following types of premises: a house or part of it, an apartment or a share in it, a room. The term "apartment" does not refer to the "residential real estate" segment. In other words, to the question about apartments: what is it, you can answer that this is a living space in a non-residential building.
Differences between an apartment and an apartment
So, apartments are not related to the housing stock, so they can be created in buildings of any direction, for example, office buildings. To place the status of "apartment" belonging to the housing stock is required. In addition, there are differences between these concepts in other planes:
- according to the requirements of the resolution of the State Standard, the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartments should not be less than 40 m 2, and the number of rooms - 2 or more, the presence of a bathroom and a kitchen is considered mandatory;
- such requirements are not imposed on an apartment in which there may be only one room with a much smaller area.
Let's take a closer look at each difference between an apartment and an apartment.
Price
Real estate market experts note that the price of apartments is usually 10-15% lower than the cost of an apartment of the same type, but operating costs are always higher. This is due to the fact that the cost of utilities for apartment owners is significantly higher than their cost for owners of residential real estate. In particular, heating services are higher by 20-30%, water supply and sanitation - by 12-25%. The presented figures are ambiguous, the prices for housing and communal services depend not only on the regional location, but also on the nature of the connection of engineering communications with the networks of resource-supplying organizations. For example, if services are supplied through intermediaries, then you will have to pay even more for them.
The absence of the concept of "apartments" in the composition of residential real estate does not allow their owners to apply for subsidies for utility bills, provided that the amount of their total monthly income for the last 6 months does not exceed the established standards. Apartment owners cannot use the benefits regulated by the Housing Code. What is the difference between apartments and apartments, except for cost characteristics?
Registration Features
The acquisition of an apartment implies the possibility of permanent registration at the address of housing. It is not possible to register in apartments at the place of residence due to the fact that they are not legally housing.
The question of the possibility of temporary registration in apartments is still unclear, although there is no direct prohibition on the exercise of such a right by the owners of apartments purchased in buildings with the status of an apart-hotel or hotel.
Lack of objects of social significance
When deciding which purchase is more profitable - an apartment or an apartment, it should be remembered that the developer of such buildings is not liable for the construction of social infrastructure facilities. Actually, this factor explains the relative cheapness of apartments - the developer of hotel complexes, as a rule, does not build schools, kindergartens and clinics.
Despite the fact that realtors usually do not raise this problem or smooth it out with assurances that apart-hotel developments are carried out in areas with an established infrastructure, we should not forget about it. In megacities, the volume of construction and sale of such complexes is very significant, and not every district's social facilities can provide an increase in unregistered users.
The management of the city-planning department of Moscow plans to approve building codes obliging the developer to build infrastructure facilities in parallel with the construction of hotel complexes. Most likely, the introduction of such obligations will raise the cost of apartments to the price of apartments.
No planning permission required
What is the difference between an apartment and an apartment? The fact that the need or possibility of redevelopment of these premises is regulated by the general provisions of the Town Planning Code, according to which permission is not required if the proposed changes do not bring structural changes and do not change the level of reliability and safety of the non-residential building. And if the lack of permits greatly simplifies the reconstruction of the premises of the apartments, then there are many problems in the organizational features of the functioning of such buildings.
Difficulties in managing non-residential buildings and property tax differentials
According to the Housing Code, the technical premises of an apartment building (attics, basements, etc.) are in the shared ownership of the owners of residential premises. This is not the case for apartments. Therefore, the buyer who purchases them must remember that the developer has the right to own the rest of the building and engineering networks, and he can impose on the owners the services of a management company that is beneficial to him.
In addition, the adopted legislation since 2015 has significantly increased the property tax, the calculation of which will now be carried out on the basis of And if the housing tax rate is 0.1% and rather impressive benefits are applied, then non-residential property, which includes apartments, is subject to at a significantly higher rate.
Nature of acquisition
The difference between an apartment and an apartment is also manifested in terms of acquisition. The purchase of apartments, as a rule, is of an investment nature, that is, in most cases they are bought for profit, while the purchase of an apartment has a pronounced social background - living.
If the owner of the apartments is registered as an individual entrepreneur and declares income from the rental of property, then he does not have the right to tax exemption when selling these premises, even if they have been owned for more than 3 years.
Realizing the differences, it is easier for a potential buyer to decide which room suits him best - an apartment or an apartment. What is best for him and the goals pursued by him, only he knows. The status of the purchased property depends on the nature of the acquisition, opportunities, necessity or other conditions. Now, thinking about the future acquisition, you can clearly imagine how the apartments differ from the apartment.
Relatively recently, apartments belonged to the category of luxury housing, and it was very difficult to purchase them. At present, this situation has changed radically, because today everyone can buy apartments and flats in the area of Moscow they like, as well as in any major cities. Moreover, the potential owner of real estate can independently choose the class of real estate that suits him best. However, despite its simplicity, it is the process of buying apartments that raises many questions from buyers.
What is an apartment
The most important question a buyer asks is: what is a property called "apartment"? Previously, such real estate was understood as any non-standard apartments, and a studio also fell under this category. Today, apartments can have as little as thirty square meters of total area. Despite the size, this type of property belongs to the category of hotels, as it is possible to purchase a room, but equipped with a kitchen.
Various infrastructure is already included in the appraised value of the property. That is, in the finished premises there can be spas and restaurants, gyms and fitness rooms, office space and recreation areas. Since this property belongs to the non-residential category, many developers are converting former office space into comfortable apartments. As a result, it will be possible to live in such premises even in those areas of Moscow where, according to the legislation, the construction of housing facilities is prohibited.
Apartments: buying for life or work
Quite often, potential buyers ask themselves: what is meant by the word “apartments”, what is their main difference from apartments? Many citizens believe that they are distinguished by a large area and not quite the usual internal layout. Therefore, if the buyer receives an offer from a studio that provides for a large area, he understands that this class of premises is difficult to classify as apartments.
So is it possible to live in such studios? In fact, apartments differ from flats in that they are not originally intended for permanent residence. This means that this class of premises, unlike apartments, belongs to real estate of commercial value, therefore they are allowed to be placed:
- in close proximity to office buildings and multifunctional centers;
- to carry out re-equipment of premises in complexes of any purpose.
But this difference is only formal, in fact, the apartments are suitable for living, since the area of the property and the internal layout comply with the standards:
- the total area exceeds forty square meters;
- more than 2 living rooms;
- There is a room equipped with a kitchen.
Moreover, you may find that living in an apartment is much more pleasant and convenient. Unlike apartments, there are additional conditions, infrastructure. Since the construction and re-equipment of premises has been taking place only in recent years, the buyer receives a modern interior, layout, and new communications.
Who benefits from classifying apartments as non-residential real estate
This situation is very beneficial for developers, who can easily sell the area as apartments, and not as residential apartments. What is the benefit of such a sale? The question is legitimate. It is in the convenience of placing the object for sale. After all, it is commercial real estate, which includes apartments, which, according to the law, must be located in the busiest places, but such areas remain prohibited for residential apartments. That is, the developer can sell the area located in the most interesting place of the metropolis and get a significant profit. Such income is not yet possible to receive from the sale of apartments.
But potential owners of apartments will not be left behind, as they will acquire not only comfortable real estate. They pay for the place, and for the area, and for the proximity of the transport interchange. But in fact, the cost of such real estate is the same as that of apartments or even slightly lower. The location of housing affects the pricing policy, so the price changes.
What is "non-residential status"
If a property has been assigned a non-residential status, this means that it is impossible for any tenant to register on its area. And since apartments, unlike apartments, officially belong to non-residential real estate, it means that registration of residents is prohibited by law. If a citizen does not have registration, he will not be able to have the following benefits:
- Register at a local clinic.
- Register the child in a children's hospital.
- Enroll your child in a preschool.
However, not all citizens who were able to buy such objects located in the city center or an elite area, think about the issue of registration. And for people who value real estate as an investment and have other housing, these issues are generally insignificant. Employees of foreign companies, domestic businessmen, who care about hotel service and a convenient location of the facility, are trying to buy apartments.
When choosing the most luxurious apartments, they will not be able to achieve such a result. It is also worth noting that the non-residential status allows the owners to register legal entities on the area of the apartments. Such an event is often very beneficial for companies or organizations.
What disadvantages can be in the apartments
Although the apartments provide a large area and have a comfortable internal layout, this property still has some disadvantages:
- operating costs are several times higher than the apartment;
- mandatory state tax provides for a considerable amount of payments;
- additional costs for staff.
According to statistics, the state fee, which must be paid by the owner of a premises not provided for by law for living, will be almost five times higher than the same tax for apartments. And for maintenance, you will have to pay monthly amounts, which, depending on the location, range from 14 to 40 thousand rubles. However, the average cost of an apartment is about 20% lower than the asking price for an apartment. This is explained by the fact that, surrounded by non-residential real estate, it is possible not to build pre-school and school institutions, it is not necessary to build medical clinics, which is a necessity when creating residential apartments.
Summing up, we can say that apartments are associated with both advantages, but they also have certain disadvantages. The buyer must choose the property for himself, taking into account his own taste and preferences. And the main difference between apartments and apartments is the different legal status of the objects. It would not be superfluous to add that the experts agreed that in the coming years the demand for apartments will not only not fall, but will rapidly gain momentum.
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