Painter's tools and their purpose. Professional painting tool. Tools, fixtures and equipment for painting work

The main tool for painting work are Handbrake brushes(Fig. 13) - small brushes with a short round or faceted handle. They are used in almost all types of work: wallpapering, varnishing wooden parts, surface treatment before laying linoleum or tiling. Clean bristle brushes are considered the best brushes (they hold the paint better), but cruel horsehair varieties are often used. When painting windows and doors with oil paint, it is advisable to use brushes with a diameter of 2-3 cm, when painting walls - up to 4 cm.

Figure 13

Flute brushes(Fig. 14) are used both for painting small surfaces and for smoothing paint after other, coarser brushes. These are flat brushes with a width of 3 to 12 cm. They are made from high-quality bristles or badger hair.

Figure 14

For whitewashing the ceiling with glue and lime paints, as well as for spreading glue on wallpaper, it is mainly used brush-brush(fig.15). It can be round or rectangular, 12 to 18 cm wide, with a bristle length of 9-11 cm. The handle can be either removable or attached to a block.

Figure 15

fly brush(Fig. 16) - a large brush with a diameter of 7-9 cm and a length of up to 10 cm. Designed for painting large surfaces with lime and adhesive compositions, as well as oil paints and enamels. With its help, a primer is applied, and the walls and ceiling are washed away.

Figure 16

When performing painting work, they are also used rollers(Fig. 17), which are preferable to brushes on flat surfaces: labor productivity when using a roller increases by 3-4 times with good work quality. Rollers are foam rubber (not suitable for working with oil paints, varnishes and enamels) and fur (not suitable for working with lime paints). The rollers are mounted on a special handle called a machine.

Figure 17

When working with a roller, paint must be poured into a special plastic bath(Fig. 18) for paint with a mesh that allows you to wring out excess paint and evenly distribute it over the entire surface of the roller. First, the roller is dipped into the paint, then rolled over the grid, removing excess solution. To facilitate the cleaning process, the bath can be lined with a piece of polyethylene film, the edges of which are fixed along the external example of the bath with adhesive tape (adhesive tape). After completion of the work, the film is removed and thrown away along with the remaining paint, and the bath remains clean.

Figure 18

For applying putty to the surface and cleaning the surface, apply spatula(Fig.19,20). Spatulas come in different sizes: from 5cm to 60cm. They have a metal blade and a plastic handle.

Figure 19

Figure 20

Airbrush( fig.21) - an apparatus for mechanical spraying of water-soluble non-viscous paint compositions during construction finishing work. Apply K. with a manual drive (manual action) - KRD and driven by an electric motor (electric) - EC. The most widespread KRD with plunger, piston and less often with diaphragm pumps and EC with diaphragm pumps. The ink composition enters through the filter through the suction hose into the pump, then is fed through the discharge hose into the fishing rod (long hollow tube) and sprayed with a nozzle. Excess solution through the bypass valve through the drain hose returns to the tank.

Figure 21

paint sprayer(Fig. 22) - used in construction when performing painting work. Compressed air under high pressure enters the opening of the paint sprayer head, where it mixes with the paint material, crushing it into drops with a diameter of 5 to 100 microns. At the exit, a jet of polydisperse drops (torch) is formed, which settles on the surface to be painted. The shape of the torch may vary depending on the pressure, temperature and speed of the compressed air, the viscosity of the material and the design of the paint sprayer.

A flat spray gun is used for painting large areas, and a round one is used for small items. The required size and type of jet can be obtained by equipping the spray guns with a special head with air and mechanical compression. One or more interchangeable heads can be included with the device.

Figure 22

Solution container(Fig. 23) - designed for the preparation and storage of the solution. It is metal and plastic, round and square. Its capacity depends on the size.

Figure 23

Grater( fig.24) - used for grinding the surface. Sandpaper is put on it, which is fixed on both sides with clamps. It is necessary to dress neatly and evenly so that the paper does not tear or come off. It is best used for sanding large areas or facades.

Figure 24

Scaffolds used in molar work:

Forests(Fig. 25) - designed to perform molar and other work at height. Scaffolding is wooden and metal. On the scaffolding there is a rack on which they stand, crossbars that hold the racks vertically and hold shields, shields on which the worker stands and support rails that, if necessary, prevent the worker from falling out, they are located diagonally.

Figure 25

Tower tours(Fig. 26) - used for all types of construction and installation work. Construction towers can be used both indoors and outdoors. Compared to scaffolding, tour towers have a lighter design, mobility, compactness and ease of installation.

As you know, time is money. To optimize the work of the painter, numerous tools for painting work, not only speeding up the painting, but also increasing its quality. Today, construction stores offer a great variety of such tools, and it is sometimes difficult for a home master to decide which of this variety to adopt in each individual case.

Types of paint brushes

The first, and most important tool of the painter at all times - brush. There are many varieties of them, and they are designed to work on various surfaces and a wide variety of paints. These painting tools are made from both natural and synthetic components. Different types of brushes are made from different materials and have different bristle lengths.

If we consider natural materials, then it is worth highlighting bristle brushes. In addition to convenience, as well as excellent flexibility and elasticity of the pile, such brushes have another remarkable property: they perfectly pick up paint, which allows, ceteris paribus, to perform this operation less often. If such a brush could not be found, you can purchase a compromise solution, a combination brush, the inside of which is made of horsehair, and the bristles are only on the outside.

For painting large areas fly brushes. They are a tool for painting work with a diameter of 60-65mm, with a hair length of about 100mm. One of the most important quality criteria for brushes of this type is the stiffness of the fibers. When you try to bend the brush to the side, after removing the effort, the hair should return to its original position, that is, it should be visually even.

Another brush, even more productive - whitewash. It makes sense to work with this brush on large areas, moreover, it gives even better results (in terms of color purity) than a flywheel. The performance of this brush is 2.5 times higher than that of the flywheel. This brush is rectangular, and has a base size of 200x45-60mm, and a hair length of about 100mm.

The following tool for painting work - brush-brush, which is sometimes used instead of a whitewash brush. The choice of these brushes is much richer, you can find both round and rectangular brushes. With a hair length of 95-100mm, round brushes reach a diameter of 170mm. For the production of this tool, 50% horse hair and 50% semi-spine bristles are used. The maklovitsa brush is also distinguished by a large handle, which is sometimes made removable.

A convenient tool for painting work, which certainly deserves attention, are handbrake. These brushes are designed for painting small surfaces and areas where a larger brush or roller cannot reach. The most common handbrake diameters are 26, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 and 54mm. When choosing a handbrake for work, be sure to pay attention to the way the hair is fixed: if this tool has a glued block of hair, you should not use it with glue and lime mortars and paints.

Also widely used flutes.

This painting tool is a 25, 60, 62, 76 or 100mm wide flat brush with a small handle and made of high quality bristle or badger hair. Although this brush is used to paint various surfaces, its main purpose is to smooth out the unevenness of the paint left after using larger brushes.

Perhaps the smallest of the widely used brushes used for painting work - panel. It has a diameter of 6 to 18 mm, and is designed for painting hard-to-reach places, as well as for pulling out narrow strips called panels. This painting tool looks like this: in a mandrel, most often a metal one, stiff bristles are fixed, mostly white.

The last brush worth looking at as part of this impromptu review is trimming. This tool is made of very stiff bristles and has a rectangular shape. Unlike other brushes, trimming works perpendicular to the surface to be painted, smoothing out the irregularities left after painting with a brush with even strokes. It is rather a professional tool, and the requirements for it are appropriate: the trimming must always be dry and clean, so in work you often have to take time to wipe it.

Types of rollers

Today, an increasingly popular tool for painting work is becoming paint roller. This tool is a fleecy cylinder with a perpendicular handle-holder, allowing it to freely rotate around its axis. When purchasing a roller, it is not necessary to buy a handle, because unlike the cylinder itself, which quickly fails, the holders are used for quite a long time and can survive many roller replacements.

The rollers can be single or double, with a special paint reservoir. If everything is clear with a single roller, then a double one is a rather curious tool for painting. The design of this tool consists of two rigidly fixed rollers, one of which has a relief pattern and is made of rubber. The second roller is ordinary, made of absorbent material. This roller has contact with the paint reservoir, absorbs it and transfers it to the rubber. Thus, this tool allows you to get a vertical repeating pattern on the painted wall.

Putty knife

Spatulas, in fact, are not a tool for painting, but they play a huge role in preparing the surface for painting. This tool can have a working part made of stainless metal, wood or rubber, as well as a variety of geometric dimensions. In addition to conventional spatulas, there are ceiling and corner spatulas, used for filling internal and external corners.

Pulverizer

A huge advantage to the painter is the use of atomizer. The spray gun applies paint much faster, no other hand tool for painting works can be compared with it, either in speed or in quality. After painting with a spray gun, a flat, evenly painted surface remains, and there are practically no inaccessible places for it. The principle of operation of this device is to capture paint particles with an air stream and thus transfer them to the surface to be painted.

Despite the fact that the spray gun is more of a professional tool, home craftsmen also often use this convenient and simple method of painting. It is no secret that earlier, in Soviet times, domestic vacuum cleaners were equipped with special spray nozzles for a can, many of which are still in use today.

Using this somewhat impromptu painter's tool is very different from using a professional spray gun. However, with the help of an ordinary nozzle on a vacuum cleaner, you can achieve excellent results if you follow simple rules of work:

• do not fill the spray can more than 3/4 of the volume;
• ensure maximum tightness of the connection between the nozzle and the jar;
• filter the paint as thoroughly as possible;
• experimentally determine the optimal length of the torch, and stick to it in your work;
• if suspicious moments, failures or omissions appear in the operation of the spray gun, it is better to stop painting and clean the tool nozzle.

Other utility tool

In addition to all of the above, many other tools for painting work are also used in the work. This is rulers, knives, chisels, buckets, sieves, plumb line and many other little things that any self-respecting owner almost certainly has. Of course, in order for the quality and speed of painting work to be impressive, the entire tool must be of high quality. However, that's not all: you need to be able to use the tool correctly, it is also highly desirable to have practical painting skills. However, the latter is not a problem, it is never too late to learn how to paint beautifully and correctly, especially if you have a high-quality painting tool at hand.

The final stage of finishing work is the application of a decorative and protective layer. In order to quickly and efficiently cover the surface to be treated with primer, varnish, enamel or paint, an auxiliary tool will be needed - brushes, rollers, and when processing large surfaces and spray guns.

The most common are brushes. Their selection is very diverse. In the photo below you can see the richness of the assortment of this type of painting tools.

Types of brushes

Brushes differ in shape, length and bristle material, geometric dimensions (handle length, brush width). Depending on the purpose of the brush, their names also differ:

Radiator brush

A tool designed for painting on pipes and radiators in places where it is difficult to crawl with a flat brush. A design feature is a long handle, as well as a working part curved at different angles. The width of the brush is selected so as to complete the work as quickly as possible, having access to all hard-to-reach places on the surface to be painted.

The bristles for such brushes come with a small, no more than 30% addition of synthetics, attached to the handle with a metal clip or glue. Allows you to work with alkyd, acrylic and nitro enamels without much "shedding" of the brush. Washing of the bristles after work is carried out with white spirit, water or acetone, respectively, depending on the composition of the enamel.

Maklovitsa

Designed for large surfaces - walls, ceilings, floors. It is applied with a primer, impregnation, water-based paint. Also used for whitewashing. Great for applying wallpaper paste.

The peculiarity of the maklovitsa is that after coating it is possible not to level liquid formulations with a dry brush, since it gives a very uniform application.

Its bristle absorbs thick and viscous compounds well. Manufacturers of painting tools make brush bristles from both natural (pig and horse hair) and synthetic materials.

Squeegee

It looks like a maklovitsa with the difference that it has a large internal space that serves as a kind of reservoir for the material. Allows you to quickly and efficiently perform the same types of work as maklovitsa. The bristles on the squeegee are both natural and artificial.

Round brush

Usually on a long handle with a cylinder-shaped mount that holds the bristles. This painting tool is chosen when painting windows, skirting boards, platbands, paneled doors and objects that have any bizarre shape.

A large round brush is convenient for whitewashing walls and ceilings. The bristles for her produce natural, artificial and mixed types.

flat brush

Designed to give a smooth finish, used on top coats. Suitable for painting any surface, taking into account the fact that for hard-to-reach places you will need a narrower brush.

• water after working with acrylic, water-dispersed compositions;
• kerosene or white spirit - after oil, alkyd varnishes and enamels;
• acetone or 646 solvent - after nitro-lacquers and enamels.

If the brush is not washed, then it will not be possible to reuse it - it is easier to throw it away.

Types of rollers

Along with brushes, in manual painting work, such a tool as rollers is used. They are a cylinder made of wood or plastic, having a full-length hole, to which bushings are installed on the ends, and equipped with an axle with a handle. A nozzle is put on the roller. Are divided into:

Polyester, for water-dispersion paints for walls and ceilings. Differ in the increased wear resistance.

Foam rubber, used for wallpapering. They are not suitable for alkyd and nitro enamels, since the solvent will eat foam rubber.

Polyamide - universal, suitable for dispersion and solvent-based paints. They have good absorbent and releasing properties. They are easy to clean, do not require special care, and are chemically resistant. Suitable due to the length of the pile for uneven surfaces with pits and bumps.

With a fur nozzle are used for oil paints, enamels and varnishes.

Velor - to give a special smoothness of the treated surface. The bristles on such rollers are very short, suitable for processing a flat, smooth surface.

Structural - are used for painting with structural paints and plasters, give a textured coating to the treated surface.

The listed catalog of rollers is far from complete - there are specialized painting tools, for example, pressure rubber and plastic rollers, needle rollers for wallpaper removal, panel rollers, and also for painting corners.

The above painting tools are not suitable for painting cars - in such cases, an airbrush or a paint gun is used, which is connected with a hose to a compressor that produces uniform pressure. You also need a room with exhaust ventilation, isolated from dust access, as well as a special drying chamber.

Varnishes and enamels for cars are dried in such chambers at high temperatures. Without a special skill and many years of practice, such work cannot be done well - you cannot avoid streaks of varnish or car enamel. Therefore, it is worth entrusting it to professionals.

Photo of a painting tool

Without painting hand tools, it will be impossible to give a finished appearance to internal and external surfaces. The use of rollers, brushes and other tools will allow you to complete the project faster and meet quality requirements. They will be useful not only for professional decorators, but also for those who decide to do home repairs for the first time. About what painting tools are and for what work they are intended, and will be discussed in this article.

The main purpose of paint rollers is to paint surfaces with a large area. The use of such tools will allow you to apply a large amount of paint material in a short time. It is also very easy to apply varnish and glue with a roller. Of the main advantages - ease of use along with low weight. Often, rollers are bought in order to carry out decorative wall plastering with their help.

Each roller for the ceiling and walls has the simplest possible design: there is a handle that connects to the metal base, as well as a roller - it is with its help that painting is carried out. Usually the roller is made of metal or wood, sometimes plastic. A special fur coat is attached to it, which has a short or long pile. Fur can be both natural and artificial.

Advice! On sale is a special handle for the roller, which is put on the handle of the tool. With this addition, you can greatly simplify the work of painting a high ceiling.

Tool varieties

There are several varieties of this tool for painting walls and ceilings. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Universal

An excellent option for painting a flat surface or products with a small relief. For example, an ordinary ceiling is easily processed. The most popular type of tool is a roller with a roller made of foam rubber. It can be used in conjunction with any kind of paint. But, as a material, foam rubber allows only one-time use. After use, you will have to purchase a new part, telescopic varieties are no exception.

Miniroll

Such a roller is characterized by a small size from 50 to 100 mm and a roller diameter of 30 mm. It is convenient to use it on the ceiling where standard models cannot cope, for example, when you need to get to the corners. Such a product is perfect if you want to paint a small area or make wall decor in the form of narrow stripes.

facade

More often this option is chosen by professionals for their work, especially if they need to paint the facade of the building (hence the name of the model). The length of the main part is in the range of 150-270 mm. Fur coats on such rollers have a rather long pile, which makes it possible to use the tool in conjunction with rough textured surfaces. And if you use a telescopic handle, it will simplify work processes at height.

Special

The painting tool of this group is different in that it is used only for certain types of work. For example, in the case of piercing drywall, rollers with needles are used. Other models help break the material that should cover the wall if it is not strong enough on its own. Professionals can also use large needle rollers when installing a self-leveling floor, rolling the polymer layer over the surface.

On the video: a minimal set of tools for a beginner painter.

Types of paint brushes

If the surface is painted or varnished, then the paint brush becomes an indispensable tool. Usually it has the form of a wooden handle, on the surface of which bristles are fixed. The bristle size, purpose and shape are the main characteristics that allow us to divide such wall painting tools into several groups. Below we consider in detail what types of brushes are widely used in practice.

By destination

Such painting tools are different in appearance, size and shape. Depending on what surface needs to be painted, choose the appropriate type of brush:

• Round. Convenient option for processing walls and ceilings. Most often, such a brush is used for priming, whitewashing, blurring and painting surfaces. It can be produced with different diameters, so each buyer will choose the right option for himself.

• Narrow. The main purpose is to work with pipes and hard-to-reach places. A great option when you need to apply decorative patterns. The width of the working part of the tool is in the range of 10-30 mm.

• Radiator. It is equipped with a long and curved handle, so it is convenient to use it if you need to get to hard-to-reach places, for example, when heating radiators, pipes and surfaces behind them are painted.

• Fleite. This is a flat brush with bristles fixed in a metal frame, has a fairly short handle. In this case, there is a sufficiently flexible working part, which makes it easier to move the hand tool up and down. It does not matter what composition is used and what surface is being treated. The brush allows you to evenly distribute the material over the surface.

• An excellent option for applying whitewash, primer and impregnating compounds on large surfaces. It can also be used for water-based paints, but for oil paints it is recommended to choose other models.

Advice! It is better not to look for brushes of each type separately, but to purchase a whole set at once. Usually extension cords and additional accessories for painting work are included with the brushes.

By bristle material

Another determining factor in the painting business is the material from which the bristle of the brush is made:

• Synthetics. Compared to natural bristles, it is more resistant to wear, has a better ability to absorb moisture, evenly distributes the coloring composition over the surface, which is important for any painter.

• Natural bristle. As such, horse hair or pig hair is more often used. Sometimes there are combined types of brushes. Each hair in this case has a split structure. That is why paint impregnation is carried out so effectively. Oil paint, drying oil and varnishes are best applied using just such materials.

• Combined options. They combine all the advantages of the previous two varieties, that is, half of the bristles consist of synthetic material and natural hair.

Professional tools for painting work require additional training, work does not begin immediately after purchase. There may be streaks on the surface because the brushes are often too hard. The bundle must be immersed in warm water for at least an hour to correct this problem. The pile will become softer, and it will be more pleasant to work with it.

If you plan to apply oil paint to the surface, it is recommended to dry the brush after softening in water. Professionals first thoroughly wet their brushes in paint, and only then proceed to surface treatment. After such operations, the bristles are completely smoothed and no longer leave streaks.

Important! Before starting any painting work, be sure to wear protective gloves to avoid getting paint and other compounds on the skin of the hands.

About auxiliary tools

There are also tools and fixtures for painting work that go in addition to the main ones. Of the common items, it is worth noting brushes, cuvettes for solutions, paint trays. Let's describe in more detail what can be useful to every master who gets acquainted with the painting business:

• This is the name of a pallet made of plastic, equipped with a relief surface. The latter helps, if necessary, to remove excess paint from the roller itself. Using such trays, masters during the execution of painting work will be able to avoid the appearance of splashes and other similar marks on the working area.

• Cuvettes. These are plastic boxes with high walls. Inside such devices, it is easier to mix various solutions when painting.

• Brushes with a metal working part. Useful for work involving the removal of rust and dirt from surfaces.

• This is a very handy tool for painting, thanks to which you can complete a large amount of work in the shortest possible time. It is also necessary when the use of brushes or rollers is not possible for some reason.

It would seem that there is nothing complicated in painting tools. Did you know that there are several types of brushes alone? You can find them and other tools for painting work below.

Brushes, rollers and other complex tools

Hand brushes- small brushes with a round whisk and handle. Functionally almost universal. They work with lacquer, oil paints, wallpaper and other adhesives, whitewash, etc. (see article). There are brushes made of spinal bristle and horsehair, which are considered second-rate. And also with adhesive fastening of the villi (used only for paints), and fastening in a metal frame.

The bristles on new handbrakes are usually too long. Therefore, it is tied with twine. One way is to make a double loop of twine at the base of the bristles. Hold the last one with your finger and rotate the brush so that the long end of the twine is wound. At the same time, the short one coming from the loop is wrapped with bristles. The winding should reach somewhere up to half the length of the bristles. Then the long end of the twine is tied to the short one. The second time they are tied at the base of the brush.

Flute brushes are flat, more specialized brushes. With their help, paint small surfaces and smooth the paint after coarse brushes. And that's all. The width of the panicle varies from 3 cm (for hard-to-reach places) to 12 cm. Badger fur brushes are considered the best flute brushes.

Brush-brush- used for whitewashing the ceiling or spreading glue on the wallpaper. Its dimensions are impressive. The width of the panicle sometimes reaches 18 cm, and the length of the bristles is 11 cm. The muffler is rectangular and round, removable and attached to the block. And also from pig bristles, horsehair or nylon.

end brush- resembles a rectangular maklovitsa. Only its handle is fixed not perpendicularly, but parallel to the panicle. With the help of an end brush, they do not paint, but create a rough texture of surfaces. To tap the brush on the still wet paint - the result will not disappoint!

fly brush- this is, in fact, a large flute brush. The diameter of the panicle is 7-9 cm. The front of work is the same as that of the double. Plus washing of walls and ceilings.

Panel brushes- from the word "panel", i.e. narrow stripe, straight line. It will go where the handbrake can't go. They are round, with a hair length of up to 4 cm, and flat, up to 1 cm.

Bast brush- made from linden bark. Serves for applying whitewash on the facades of houses, tree trunks, fences, etc. Previously, it was also used for interior work - it was used to whitewash stoves and walls in the house.

In the life of many brushes, a reboot happens. This is when they are washed from paint compositions. Brushes after oil paints are washed with turpentine or kerosene, after nitro paints - in a nitro solvent. Then both of them are washed with warm water and soap. Brushes smeared in glue or lime are simply washed with clean warm water.

rollers- are divided into fur, velor (for enamels and oil paints), foam rubber (varnishes, primers and water-based paints), and textured - for texture finishing materials. Fur rollers are long-haired, which paint over uneven surfaces well, and with a short haircut - for smooth surfaces.

wallpaper knife- consists of a body and a retractable blade. It happens that there are several blades in the clip. And it happens that one thing, but it can be replaced with a new one. However, no one does this, since the tool costs a penny. Serves for cutting wallpaper, cardboard, thick paper, etc.

mixing nozzle- with its help, several multi-colored paints are mixed, varnishes are stirred, etc. Outwardly, it can be similar to a sphere, a motor boat blade or a spiral with stirrup branches and a lifebuoy at the end.

Tray for paint- a small tank It consists of two zones - recesses where paint is poured. And the grid on which the roller is squeezed from this very paint. To do this, simply roll the roller on the grid back and forth.

Paint Sprayers- used when you need to paint, well, so much! There are good old manual sprayers and pneumatic ones. As an example, an airbrush, or a vacuum cleaner with a special spray nozzle.

Also, for painting work, you may need an extension handle for a roller, which is also a wooden handle. Stepladder, she is a table covered with newspapers. And also a bucket as a container for diluting paints. And a ruler, scissors, masking tape as themselves.