How to insulate a garage, how to insulate a garage with your own hands. Garage insulation - inexpensive ways of internal thermal insulation How to insulate a garage box from the inside

It is desirable to maintain an optimal microclimate in the garage. If you manage to competently insulate the building, you will significantly reduce heating costs, while the conditions will be quite comfortable for work, technical inspection and car repair. For example, in unstable weather with average temperatures in spring and autumn, you will not need to take care of heating at all, and in cold winters, energy consumption will be much less. Optimal solution - . It is this method that is quite popular, trusted even by experienced motorists.

The secret of foam plastic is its economy and high efficiency as a heater. At the same time, you can also save on construction work, since the owners of the garage will be able to cope with the installation of such a layer of insulation on their own. Today we will learn in more detail how to insulate a garage with polystyrene foam, how it is better to work with the material, how its varieties differ from each other.

Creating optimal conditions in the garage room is of great importance. For example, if there are severe colds, and the surfaces are not insulated, the gates can become covered with a large layer of frost. To improve conditions, it is necessary to insulate walls, gates, and not close ventilation. After all, it is thanks to the ventilation openings that excess moisture leaves the room, the formation of condensate and metal corrosion are prevented.

Experts note that in the garage it is desirable to maintain a temperature of at least five degrees Celsius. At the same time, ventilation must also be ensured.

Why styrofoam? Material Advantages

What is the reason for the high popularity of this material? Why do many far-sighted motorists choose to insulate the garage with polystyrene foam? Consider the key advantages of the material.

Styrofoam is a fairly economical insulation. In terms of price-quality ratio, it surpasses many other materials. For example, he "overtook" mineral wool by 50%.
It is quite convenient during the installation process. Even a person without the skills of a builder will be able to cope with the sheathing of the garage with foam sheets.
In terms of its properties, the material in many respects not only resembles the popular mineral wool, but also surpasses it.
The water resistance of this type of insulation plays an important role, since it is in the garage that the probability of high humidity is high, but this must be dealt with. After all, condensate is very dangerous for the car, its metal parts. Just with foam, corrosion can be prevented.

Some are confused by the fact that the foam is still a combustible material. And fuel and lubricants are almost always present in the garage. But here the solution is very simple. Now they produce special brands of this insulation, which already contain flame retardants. Such additives provide attenuation, allow you to achieve the proper level of fire safety.

Varieties of foam

We will try to learn more about the material and its types, their technical features, advantages and disadvantages, differences. Thinking through the insulation of the garage with polystyrene foam, it is important to choose the most suitable type of material. The features of the varieties mainly depend on the category of the polymer, because it is he who is the basic component of the insulation material.

Styrofoam

The most popular, widely demanded type of foam is polystyrene foam. It is quite often used for thermal insulation of garages inside and out. Expanded polystyrene can be extruded, non-pressed and pressed.

When it comes to the insulation of a garage room, in which there are special requirements for the level of fire safety, it is advisable to choose the PSB-S brand. Such material does not support combustion, is resistant to elevated temperatures, and contains effective fire retardants. In addition, this material is safe from an environmental point of view, does not emit toxic substances into the environment.

Let's outline the key advantages of expanded polystyrene.

The material is resistant to the negative effects of chemicals, aggressive environments.
The insulation is not afraid of insects, fungus.
Affordable cost matters a lot.
Processing polystyrene foam is easy.
The level of thermal conductivity is minimal.
It has good soundproofing properties.
It has good resistance to moisture, steam, practically does not pass water.

When Styrofoam is produced conscientiously, it is virtually non-toxic.

Penoizol

Penoizol is a more modern building material. Now it is better known as liquid foam. With its properties, it differs from the usual plates of heat-insulating material, since it is customary to manufacture it right at the construction site. For this, special foam generators are used. When the mixture of insulation is whipped, it is filled with prepared cavities. Then the material hardens. You can make briquettes in advance if you first pour the mixture into prepared forms.

Unfortunately, from an economic point of view, some difficulties may arise with such material, since it can hardly be called budgetary. You will have to competently knead the composition in compliance with the technology, use special equipment. And this will require additional investment.

However, the benefits of penoizol are significant.

Liquid foam guarantees a high level of thermal insulation. It is this material that has the highest performance in terms of heat resistance among other types of foam.
The minimum service life of the insulation is, according to the most conservative estimates, 40 years.
Of particular importance is complete environmental safety.
The material will allow without additional investments to ensure fire safety, since it does not support combustion.
Penoizol has an increased resistance to biological and chemical negative influences.
Such a heater allows you to maintain a good microclimate in the room due to optimal moisture permeability.

Note! It is necessary to purchase penoizol from reliable, well-established suppliers in the construction market, since this effective material is often faked, violating the technology in the underground production process.

polyurethane foam

This is the material with the most pores. It is famous for its unique adhesion. Usually polyurethane foam is applied by spraying directly onto the walls.

Here are the important advantages of polyurethane foam.

The thermal insulation layer is continuous, seamless.
The space is used rationally, since this heat-insulating material takes up a minimum of space.
The service life is at least 70 years.
The material is non-toxic, environmentally friendly.
With sharp temperature changes, it retains its properties.
Possesses the increased resistance to mechanical influences.

The main disadvantage is the need to use special equipment for applying the material.

Styrofoam insulation outside

A good solution is to use foam as an external insulation. Then cold bridges are not formed in winter, the formation of condensate is prevented. When foam is used for internal insulation, it is extremely important to ensure good ventilation of the room.

Preparing the work surface

Do you have a brick garage? Then the foam will fit just perfect. It will prevent weathering of the seams, extend the life of the walls, improve sound insulation and minimize heat loss. Styrofoam is also perfect for garage rooms made of other building materials.

Before warming, all work surfaces must be prepared. Walls, ceilings, gates must be cleaned of dust, dirt, old plaster. The base under the insulation layer must be clean, durable. Then the foam will be able to fix well. All cracks, chips must be covered with a layer of plaster in order to achieve evenness of the surface.

We mount the foam

When the walls of the garage are insulated from the inside with foam, it is important to pay special attention to the installation of the material. The thermal insulation properties, as well as the service life of the coating, will largely depend on this.

When concrete or brick walls are insulated, 25-density foam with a thickness of 10 cm is usually used. Two layers of 5 cm can be applied. Longitudinal and transverse seams are tied up.

Here is an approximate algorithm of work. If necessary, it can be slightly changed, improved.

Pre-prime the surface to improve adhesion with the adhesive.
Apply glue with medium-sized "blots". You can use a notched trowel.
Sheets are pressed quite tightly.
Cover the wall from the bottom up.
Lay sheets of insulation in a checkerboard pattern.
Use planks attached with dowels to the surface.
The masonry elements are additionally fixed with plastic dowels when the adhesive composition is completely frozen.

In general, installation is quite simple. The main thing is to be careful, to do everything more carefully so that the insulation layer is continuous.

Garage roof insulation

It also needs to be insulated. Unfortunately, many motorists forget about this. They prefer to make a kind of box out of heat-insulating material, and the roof is left unattended. As a result, it is no longer necessary to achieve a temperature regime.

Here are some helpful tips.

If you are insulating the ceiling in the garage using foam, you should not drill holes for the bars. Better to use glue.
When the roof consists of reinforced concrete slabs, it is advisable to take care of external and internal insulation.
If you apply foam from the outside, you will have to additionally make a plaster screed. The best solution is to lay a waterproofing layer between the insulation and the plaster. You can use roofing material, film.
Is the crate cracked? Then fix the layers of insulation between the rafters. After that, you can use a waterproofing film.
Do you have a continuous crate, a good truss system? In this case, waterproofing is laid on top, and the insulation is fixed under the crate.
Waterproofing film requires careful attention. Make sure that it does not come into direct contact with the insulation layer if it has a reduced vapor permeability.

The best scheme for insulating the roof of a garage is as follows: waterproofing - thermal insulation - vapor barrier.

Insulating garage doors

It is very important to correctly insulate garage doors. Then there will be no problems with their freezing, the formation of cold bridges. It is also desirable to provide a small door in the gate. This will greatly increase energy efficiency, since it is impractical to run such a wide stream of cold air into the garage every time.

Remember the most important points.

First of all, exclude the influx of cold air through the cracks. All air gaps are eliminated. Joints can be removed using rubber seals, as well as self-adhesive tape.
Ventilation is of great importance. Excess moisture must be eliminated so that condensation does not form, leading to metal corrosion. Good air circulation will eliminate all problems. Please note: there must be special protective nets on the ventilation openings, which will become a reliable barrier to insects, rodents and birds.
If you insulate the gate with polystyrene foam, you should take additional care of aesthetics. For example, use lining, plastic panels as a facing material.

Good in the garage will prevent temperature fluctuations, eliminate the possibility of the formation of cold bridges. This is especially important in winter, when the air temperature is extremely low, and the gates are so frosted over that it is even difficult to open them.

Video: learning to insulate walls in the garage

Want to know more useful information about the inside? Then this video is definitely for you.

In this video, all the useful information, tips are presented clearly, in the most accessible form.

Maintaining the right temperature in the garage is the key to a long service life of the car and other tools. In order to keep heat in such rooms as long as possible, it is necessary to properly insulate them, both outside and inside. Fortunately, today insulating the garage from the inside with your own hands has become a fairly simple matter. Almost every car enthusiast can do it.

In our country, most garages are a metal structure that is very difficult to warm up. No matter how actively such a room is heated, its heat loss will be maximum. For such structures, it is necessary to carry out insulation work in the first place.

If we consider a concrete or brick garage, then in such cases it will be much easier to insulate the garage with your own hands, and the result will be many times higher.

It may seem to an inexperienced layman that the main purpose of carrying out heat-insulating work in garage premises is to increase the temperature to room levels (+20 on average). But such an opinion can certainly be called erroneous. The temperature that is considered comfortable for a person is not suitable for equipment and a car. Sudden thermal changes, when the car drives from frost to heat, cause condensation to form. The moisture that appears settles on the details of the car, which is critical for it. Therefore, the experts concluded that the result of the insulation of the garage should be a temperature of +5 degrees. This indicator is considered as close as possible to the ideal conditions for storing a car.

Another misconception of car owners is that before they insulate the garage from the inside, they close up all the holes and crevices in it that air could penetrate from the outside. At first glance, this decision may seem correct, but it is only at first glance. In fact, quite a lot of harmful substances are produced in the garage during the arrival and parking of the car, which are considered dangerous to human health. The same substances are capable of releasing the materials themselves used for the thermal insulation of the garage. In addition, all the moisture that enters the room can only disappear through weathering. This state of affairs suggests that before insulating the garage with your own hands, it is necessary to build a decent ventilation system in it.

If we consider the question: “How to insulate the garage correctly - from the outside or from the inside?”, Then the answer will be “Outside!”. The fact is that the insulation of the garage from the outside has a number of advantages over the internal insulation:

It does not steal extra centimeters of usable area;
It completely eliminates the risk of freezing of the premises;
It is not fraught with the influence of harmful substances emitted by heaters in an enclosed space.

All these arguments speak in favor of the external insulation of garage premises, but do not forget about the financial side of this issue - the insulation of the walls of the garage from the inside will cost a little less. However, in this situation, excessive savings will be unnecessary, since we are talking about human health. As mentioned above, before insulating the garage from the inside, ventilation must be done. The second important issue is the materials - they are also not worth saving.

Many people ask the question: "How to insulate the walls in the garage inexpensively?". The answer is simple: “It is cheap to insulate a garage, but is it worth it?”. The fact is that good thermal insulation material will cost more. In addition, when choosing a heater for a garage, it is imperative to pay attention to its characteristics, which must meet specific requirements. After all, all garage rooms are different and each of them may need its own type of thermal insulation.

Here is a list of the main materials used in our country for garage insulation:

This type of thermal insulation has been used effectively for a very long time. Mineral wool allows you to protect the room from the cold, while allowing it to breathe. For garage walls, it is best to use basalt wool, which has the best sound and heat insulation characteristics. The big disadvantage of this insulation material is the fear of moisture. Therefore, when using it, it is necessary to ensure good vapor barrier.

You can also insulate the walls of the garage with the help of this material. Its advantage is its low cost. But glass wool also has a number of disadvantages. These include: the need for maximum protection of the whole body (especially hands and face) during work, the fear of moisture (wet material is not suitable for use) and mandatory isolation.

Today, this material is considered the most popular for insulating houses and garages. The advantages of polystyrene include its relative cheapness, ease of use, resistance to moisture, decay. But he also has his drawbacks - poor breathability, flammability and fear of sunlight. That is why it is better to insulate the walls inside the garage with polystyrene foam, but only special self-extinguishing polystyrene foam must be used for this.

This type of insulation is a roll of foil, on one side of which polyurethane foam is applied. A huge advantage of reflective insulation is its thickness, which allows you to save space inside the room. However, high hopes for this type of insulation should not be placed - the principle of its operation is based on the reflection of heat in its mirror surface, and with induction and convection in the garage, this principle is not effective.

This type of insulation is a plaster with various impurities (expanded polystyrene grains, vermiculites and sawdust) that give it a heat-insulating effect. However, it should be noted that it is advisable to use this type of insulation only in addition to other heat insulators, since its independent use is impractical. To get the desired effect, you need to apply a very thick layer of insulating plaster.

This type of thermal insulation is also based on the addition of additional substances to the paint composition, which allow retaining heat inside the room. Thermal insulation paint can be used on wood, metal and plastic surfaces. Therefore, this type of insulation is ideal for a wooden garage, as it will allow the tree to breathe.

Floor insulation

If the garage has a cellar or basement, then in this situation floor insulation will be redundant. If there are no such premises, then any insulation will need to begin with the floor covering. Consider the three most popular ways of thermal insulation of the floor.

Floor insulation with expanded clay

We remove the top layer of the earth to a depth of 45 cm.
We lay out any waterproofing material (for example, roofing material) along the bottom of the formed pit in such a way that it finds another 10 cm on the walls.
Using a cement or gypsum mortar, we install beacons, which will serve as a level.
We fall asleep roofing material with expanded clay with a layer of 25-30 cm.
We remove the beacons and fill the places of their stay with expanded clay.
We lay a reinforcing mesh 10x10cm on expanded clay.
Installing new beacons.
We fill the floor with concrete screed.
Let the mortar dry and set (do not put pressure on the floor for at least a month).

Floor insulation with polystyrene foam under the screed

This type of thermal insulation will allow not to remove the top layer of the earth, but at the same time it will “steal” about 20 cm in height from the room.

Thoroughly clean the floor from debris and dust (preferably with a vacuum cleaner).
We cover the floor surface with any waterproofing material (roofing material or dense polyethylene).
We lay foam plastic at least 10 cm thick and C-25 density on the waterproofing. Styrofoam plates should fit as tightly as possible to each other.
We cover the foam with another layer of waterproofing.
We place a reinforcing mesh on it.
We make a concrete floor screed.

Floor insulation with polystyrene foam under a wooden floor

This method of insulation allows you to take away from the room only 10 cm of its height. For its use, you can use polystyrene foam of any density, but the boards should have a thickness of 5 cm. It is also necessary to stock up on a 5x5cm beam.

Thoroughly clean the floor surface from debris and dust.
We build logs from the beam, and between them we tightly lay the foam. The logs should be close to the wall.
We lay a waterproofing material on top of the polystyrene foam.
We cover the floor with a board.

Important! A grooved board is not suitable for such purposes - it needs a very rigid mount.

Wall insulation

There are several ways to insulate the walls of the garage - the choice will depend on the material from which the building was built. Insulation of a brick or concrete garage can be done using mineral or glass wool, polystyrene, for metal structures, polystyrene foam in slabs, polyurethane foam or heat-insulating paint are best suited. Please note that you will most likely need to install .

Insulation of walls with foam plastic under plaster

We clean the surface of the wall from old coatings.
Align the walls with putty.
We prime them.
We nail a wooden plank to the wall, which will serve as a level.
We apply special glue to the foam (10 cm) pointwise or over the entire surface.
We press the polystyrene foam sheet against the wall and additionally fix it with several dowels.
We cover the fixed foam with a thick layer (25-30mm) of glue.
We drown the reinforcing mesh in the glue.
We plaster the entire surface of the wall.

Insulation of walls with foam plastic for drywall, wall paneling

We create on the wall a crate of timber or profiles with a step equal to the size of the foam sheet.
We fix the crate to the wall and ceiling.
We place foam sheets in the resulting windows and fix them with liquid nails.
We seal all the cracks with foam.
We sheathe the crate on the outside with drywall or clapboard.

Wall insulation with mineral wool

This technology is very similar to the previous one - we insulate the walls with the help of crates. The only difference is that mineral wool on both sides must be carefully lined with waterproofing material.

Before you insulate the walls, it is also desirable to insulate the garage door. First you need to cut a gate in the gate - such a manipulation will help reduce heat loss when there is no need to leave the car. Then you can insulate the gate using the scheme used when insulating the walls:

We cover the gate from the inside with a layer of polyethylene;
We nail a wooden frame to them (it is advisable to treat the frame with drying oil or any other antiseptic);
We fill the frame with heat-insulating material;
We sew up the foam plastic with clapboard or plywood (something light).

To enhance the effect of thermal insulation inside the garage, just outside the gate, you can hang a polyethylene tape curtain.

The last step on the way to complete thermal insulation of the garage is the process of warming its roof.

If the roof of the garage is made of wooden boards, then the insulation can be attached directly to it using nails or dowels - "umbrellas".

If the ceiling is made of concrete floors, then it is advisable to use the wooden frame already mentioned above. It is desirable to fasten the frame to the roof with metal corners or self-tapping screws, and the foam to it with adhesive tape or glue. The finished structure must be sewn up with any kind of material - drywall, lining, plywood.

As you can see from the article, it is not so difficult to insulate the garage. The main thing is that the master has patience, a small supply of funds and the right tool.

A warm garage is a condition for the good "health" of your car. Sudden temperature changes can cause condensation, which breaks through the anti-corrosion protection of the metal and causes significant damage to the car. It is possible to achieve optimal performance only if you insulate the garage and think about heating it. Preservation of heat will create comfortable conditions for storing and repairing a car, and will also help save money, which is necessary for heating the car. Let's talk today about garages and the foam used to insulate them.

Optimal climatic conditions

With the approach of cold weather, any car owner recalls that in an unheated garage, the gates in winter are covered with thick layers of frost, which gradually turn into ice, and this brings a lot of inconvenience to the motorist. As with any building, standards have been developed for garages that determine the optimal conditions that are necessary for the careful storage of the car.

The optimum temperature in the shelter during the winter should be plus 5 degrees Celsius. The influx of fresh air through equipped ventilation in the garage for one car should reach 180 cubic meters per hour.

There may be an erroneous opinion that do-it-yourself garage insulation can be ignored. However, it is worth dispelling such misconceptions. The reason for such a low optimum temperature in winter lies in the following: if “greenhouse” conditions are created in the garage with a temperature that exceeds plus 18 degrees, the car will be covered with “sweat” when it enters the shelter from the street - a colder environment. And condensation causes rust.

It is worth remembering about ventilation. Due to inexperience, some motorists try to organize the insulation of the garage at the expense of ventilation holes, simply closing them up. This is fundamentally wrong. Ventilation is able to maintain the necessary microclimate inside the garage, helps to purify the air in the shelter from carbon monoxide and does not allow the car to become damp.

Preconditions for garage insulation

Thermal insulation of the garage allows the car to “survive” the cold season calmly. Before insulating the garage, it is worth remembering how heat is transferred in space:

Convection - the movement of warm air, with the help of which the garage is heated;
Conduction - a process in which heat is transferred from more heated areas of the shelter to less heated objects;
Thermal radiation is the process of radiating heat without moving air.

The most effective insulation today is a combination of classic heaters (prevents conduction and convection) and reflective ones (does not allow thermal radiation). However, such serious measures should be taken only when the garage is part of a residential building. And if the shelter is just a separate building, then the arrangement of such a powerful thermal barrier is not required.

Advantages of foam

Garage insulation is a “minute matter”, and besides, a penny. Most car owners choose to insulate the garage with polystyrene foam, sheathing the ceiling, walls, roof, gates and all enclosing structures with sheets. To get more efficiency, it is customary to use foam blocks, which serve as fixed formwork.

Why do developers choose foam plastic? This material is the most popular representative of the polymer group of heat-insulating substances. It is waterproof, its properties are similar to mineral wool and surpass it in some ways. Light weight and low cost make the process of insulating a garage with foam plastic simple for ordinary people without the additional involvement of specialists.

The use of an unprotected layer of foam plastic in a shelter for a car is considered imprudent due to fire properties. It is worth choosing brands of insulation that have flame retardant additives, which give the material damping properties. The water-repellent properties of polystyrene foam for garage insulation are of great importance, because high humidity is possible in this building.

The efficiency of this insulation compared to mineral wool is 50%. Styrofoam 25 density, which has a thickness of 5 centimeters, completely replaces 50 centimeters of brickwork. When insulating the garage with polystyrene foam, it is necessary to provide good fire protection and reliable ventilation, which can protect against corrosion.

Types of foam

Developers of advanced insulation have recently been trying to discredit the "authority" of traditional foam. But before you insulate the garage with polystyrene, plunging into the technological nuances, it is worthwhile to deal with the varieties of such material, because the name "foam" refers to a fairly wide range of heat insulators. The main difference between them lies in the category of polymer, which is their main component.