Brick front laying on a black seam. Brick walls: grouting or grouting brickwork White mortar for masonry

White mortar for laying bricks is used to decorate suburban buildings. To give greater expressiveness to the masonry, use different colors of mortar, not just white. For each type of brick, you can choose the right design. How to get a colored seam?

Colored seams look much better than regular gray, so they are often used to decorate the front sides of the house.

Despite the fact that the brickwork itself looks quite presentable, almost 15% of the brick wall will be occupied by stripes - the seams between the elements. The classic version of brickwork has a dark red color and a white seam that visually separates the elements from each other. Thanks to this combination of colors, the whole structure will be perceived in a completely different way - details, volume, shadows and texture of materials will be visible.

If you choose the wrong color for the seams, then the masonry will lose its appearance, become faded and inexpressive, the appearance of the building will fade. The seam over time, under the influence of external factors and the weather, will become gray, after which it will lose its attractiveness. The gray seam practically does not separate the elements, so the feeling of volume and expressiveness of forms disappear. This is how only 15% of the masonry area can affect the visual perception of the whole structure. It is worth remembering that attention to small details helps to improve the perception of many buildings.

Fortunately, you can avoid all these unwanted faded visual effects if you choose the right materials for creating a seam.

How to create a white seam?

If you want to spruce up your dark brick home with white grout, choose your additives very carefully. Also, the classic version of a pure white seam can be made using the following methods:

The space between the bricks is rubbed with special grouts that give the material color. In this case, it will not be possible to create a snow-white-white seam.
The brick structure is treated with special compounds that help the materials show color. The same composition has excellent protective performance and protects the wall from wear.
When erecting a brick structure, a mortar with an appropriate shade of color, for example, white, is used. Jointing and contouring help to achieve the purity of the color of the joints in the brickwork.

In order for the solution to turn white, you need to add slaked lime.

White color helps to emphasize the volume and texture of the structure, thanks to it it is possible to highlight the details and individual elements of the wall, which is why it is used so often with red, orange and brown bricks.

You can get it in the following ways, using a standard masonry mortar:

add more slaked lime;
use nitric oxide in the composition;
get titanium oxide.

Unfortunately, each of the options is expensive in its own way.

Cooking tips

White masonry mortar for bricks can be created in many ways, but you will have to spend a lot of money on the components of the mortar. The highest quality white color gives titanium oxide in solution. The whiteness of such a mixture does not disappear for decades.

To create a high quality white masonry mortar, two types of mortar will have to be mixed. The first will be on a cement-sand basis, and the second will be made on the basis of white M500 cement with dye additives (titanium oxide).
When laying, both mixtures are used, but in a certain order.
When laying bricks, the inner part is filled with the first mixture with sand, and the second is covered with the outer part of the brick. The quality of construction is not lost, but the appearance changes.

The adhesion of materials will not allow one type of solution to exfoliate from another until it dries completely. In addition, if the house is made of dark brick, various traces of dye will not be visible on it, which happens in some cases if the wrong component is added to the mixture, since the mortar will not flow.

Mixing the solution

You will need for the solution:

white cement;
dye;
sand;
water;
capacity;
mixing tool.

Do not try to make a solution right away, because for sure nothing will work. Mix testers in small containers to check the final color.

The composition of the mixture will be with the following proportions: cement to sand 1: 3. In this case, the dye should be no more than 10% of the amount of cement. Sand should be clean, river, medium size. We mix all the ingredients in a dry form, and then gradually add warm water to get the desired consistency. We leave to stand for a while, then mix it, and you can start laying.

Another option is to stir the dye separately in water until the fine particles dissolve in the liquid. Then, little by little, the components of the mixture are poured into one container: half of the cement, 1/3 of the sand, and the rest is the dye.

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For cement grade M100, the amount of dye in the solution should be no more than 1/10, and in M75 and below - no more than 1/12.

Conclusion

If you want to decorate your red brick house, apply the technology of grouting with colored mortar.

This is one of the most economical options for updating the look of brickwork. In this case, the solution can change its color depending on the environmental conditions, which means that the appearance of the wall will change along with the temperature around.

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The most reliable way to give your brick country house visual appeal for a long time is to lay bricks on a colored mortar. Methods for preparing the mixture have been described, it remains only to put the knowledge into practice.

The process of manufacturing decorative masonry from special grades of bricks often faces the problem of inexpressive color solutions. Despite the relatively large number of colors and shades of facing bricks, most often the customer and the contractor argue about the color of the resulting building, one building can have too different shades and colors, even from bricks of the same batch.

What is the purpose of the colored solution?

In addition to the unpleasant effects of lime or salt efflorescence on a red or dark background, the color and shade of the bond seam can radically change the shade, overall impression and perception of colored masonry. Masters involved in decorative masonry know firsthand about the insidious effect of darkening the original color of the wall. The juicy fiery red or beige color of the brick, upon completion of the masonry, acquired a grayish tint.

The reason is the gray or dark gray color of the brickwork seam. Approximately 15% of the surface of a brick wall is occupied by the surface of the seam, gray and featureless. The bright shade of the finished building can darken even 3% of the street dust that has settled on the brick, and 15% of the gray seam can completely spoil the appearance of the building.

To prevent the loss of shades by experienced craftsmen, some measures are taken in advance:

The inter-brick seam is rubbed with grout mixtures of various colors and compositions;
A brick wall is painted with special colored compounds that show color and, often, give the brick texture water-repellent properties that prevent efflorescence and discoloration;
They use a colored mortar for laying bricks, after jointing and contouring the seam, the necessary color and shade of the entire brick building is achieved.

Note ! Despite the fact that there are only five basic pigments for obtaining a color binder, in practice, using additives in mortar for laying bricks, it is possible to obtain about 30 individual colors and shades.

Using the possibilities of colored solutions

The ability to manipulate the color characteristics of brickwork or even individual sections of the wall makes it possible to professionally emphasize the beauty of the texture of the material, especially in the rays of the setting or rising sun.

In what cases it is preferable to change the color of the seam

By choosing the color of the seam, it can be highlighted with maximum contrast, strength, or, conversely, merge into one color with a brick. In both cases, the effect is achieved by using special mineral paints and a couple of compounds that prevent the loss of astringent properties and protect the coloring pigment from destruction and leaching.

Contrast is a universal way to emphasize the expressiveness of masonry

The champion in terms of efficiency and expressiveness has always been, and will remain, white mortar for laying bricks. In combination with any, except for yellow, shades and colors, it allows you to visually make laying on a colored mortar light and bright. The question of how to make a white mortar for laying bricks always rests on the economic feasibility of such an undertaking.

The white color of the masonry seam can be obtained:

addition of excess slaked lime;
zinc oxide;
titanium oxide.

The latter compound gives exceptionally high-quality white color, resistant to oxidation for ten years. White lead additives were previously used, but due to the toxicity of lead, its use has long been abandoned.

The high cost of titanium salts often makes you go for a trick. To obtain a colored seam, two different types of mortar are actually used. The first is the usual one based on a cement-sand mixture. The second - a colored, white composition is kneaded on the basis of white cement M-500 with the addition of a coloring pigment. Bricklaying is carried out using both mortars. The first composition fills the entire area for laying bricks, not reaching the outer edge of the wall 2-3 cm. The space left for the outer part of the seam is carefully filled with a colored - white solution.

In addition to excellent frost resistance, white cement has a dense structure and retains moisture very well, which prevents the penetration of part of the salts of the usual solution onto the wall surface in the form of stains and efflorescence.

The use of colored solutions for masking masonry joints

In addition to contrasting the line of bricklaying, a colored binder can be used to completely hide the structure of the wall. At the same time, the mortar joint itself has an absolute match in color with the color of the facing brick. When cleaning the seam, it is aligned flush with the bricks and, after drying, even repeats its texture. The wall may look like a monolith or have a completely different pattern, a larger grid of blocks of several bricks, or a specifically contoured and shaded.

And often this is not a whim of the artistic fantasies of the owner of the house. Experts recommend a similar technique to increase the thermal insulation characteristics of the walls. In addition, the main problems of cracking beautiful ceramic bricks are associated with the intensive absorption of moisture by the masonry through the mortar joint recessed into the wall.

The leveling technique is spectacular, but it requires considerable effort and knowledge in the exact selection of the composition of the color binder. As the color dries, the seam lightens. Moreover, under the influence of the sun and rain moisture, part of the coloring pigment may fade, due to which a thin, but clearly visible from a distance, mesh of the seam appears against the background of the wall.

The specifics of the preparation of colored solutions

For the manufacture of juicy and bright colors, metal salts are most often used - iron, nickel, chromium, cobalt, copper. They are stable and resistant to heat and low temperatures. In addition to the coloring pigment, it is important to choose the right carrier base for the color mixture, usually white cement for bright colors or Portland slag cement for dark, almost black, colors. The most durable brands have a pronounced dark, almost black color, which helps to get a black mortar for bricklaying.

Previously, carbon black additives were used for black or very dark colored compositions, but, as it turned out, amorphous carbon greatly reduces the strength of the solidified solution due to poor wetting, now carbon black has been replaced with complex iron salts.

Let's prepare a color solution with our own hands

The main difficulty in preparing a color solution is the exact dosage of the dye into the mother white or gray solution. Often, the color solution acquires its true shade only after prolonged mixing and complete dissolution of the dye. Therefore, before mixing the main portion of the color solution, several test mixtures are performed with different amounts of dye and water. The pigment itself must first be dissolved in warm water, with a little settling of undissolved grains of the dye.

Next, a dye solution, half of the cement and a third of the amount of sand are poured into a mixer or hand mixer in small portions. As the solution is beaten and mixed, the remainder of the cement and sand is added. Usually, the total amount of pigment put into the solution is not recommended for more than a tenth of the M100 solution and 1/12 for M75-M45.

Advice ! If you need a complex shade of a color solution, it is better to use a branded color solution, your own experiments will often require a large number of experiments and test batches, which will cost many times more.

Innovations in the use of colored masonry mortars

The desire to give the walls of the house a refined and slightly pretentious look pushes the masters to unusual solutions in the use of colored solutions. A small addition of finely ground glass powder with a fluorescent component makes the seam mesh glow against a dark brick background for several hours after sunset.

Another unusual application is the grouting of colored mortar with a mixture that changes color depending on the ambient temperature. Thus, as the brick wall warms up or cools down, it can change its shade and texture pattern.

Such things can be called eccentricity, but practice shows that there are enough fans to decorate their homes in the most unusual way, which means that there are always a couple of fresh offers for demand.

Conclusion

The reliability of the quality of coloring pigments is also important. In most of the sold color components and pigments, even in wholesale transactions, there is a fake, this must be understood and be prepared for a thorough analysis and comparison of the purchased goods.

Non-ferrous metal salts are quite expensive raw materials, and in fakes they are often replaced with aniline water-soluble dyes. Most often, the stability of color solutions suffers. After a season or two, the dyes fade or are washed out by rain moisture. In this case, it is necessary to treat the seams with a weakly acidic solution and grout with a new grout or repaint the entire wall.

Sometimes experts advise testing a sample of a dry mixture of a colored solution by heating it over an open fire to a temperature of 250 ° C; theoretically, a high-quality mixture should not discolor, a fake will lose its color. But practical methods of such verification are not yet available.

The process of finishing the seams of brickwork is very important, because a clear pattern of masonry will decorate the wall. Let's look at what are the ways to ennoble the seams between the bricks, and what tool does this work.

Grouting of brickwork is understood as the process of leveling, refining existing joints that were formed during the construction of a wall or facade cladding. The grouting process allows you to combine vertical and horizontal seams, making them more even, expressive, neat.

In this case, a grout of a different color is often used, for example, black or white, which further emphasizes the masonry, contrasting with the shade of the bricks.

Important! It is possible to grout brick joints directly during the laying process or after, when the wall has already shrunk. Some experts believe that it is better to ennoble the seams immediately, after finishing several rows, it is easier to remove excess cement mortar on which the brick was laid. If you embroider the seams on the finished wall, you will have to make an effort, because the masonry mortar is a very durable material, it will be difficult to remove its excess.

Other experts note that jointing, that is, the formation of a certain shape of the seam, should be carried out already 30-90 minutes after laying, but grouting - after the mortar has set. That is, jointing means removing excess mortar, and grouting means adding the missing one.

The jointing of brickwork joints, in addition to the decorative function, has quite practical functions: it increases the sound and heat insulation of the wall, and prevents moisture from entering between the bricks. Such a protected masonry will last longer.

The tool for grouting masonry joints is called - jointing. Often, masons make it on their own from a strip of metal or an ordinary knife, heated and curved in the right direction. There are longer seams for horizontal seams and smaller ones for vertical seams. Some specialists use in their work an ordinary watering hose with a diameter equal to the width of the seam, or a pipe cut, a trowel handle.

With the help of factory flat jointing, you can create straight, recessed, one-cut and two-cut seams. A convex or concave seam requires an arcuate tool. You can also work with small spatulas.

Important! First, the main vertical joints are grouted, and only after that the horizontal ones.

Mixtures for grouting masonry joints are sold dry, usually in bags of 25 or 30 kilograms. The price of such a grout is about 550-700 rubles. There are dry mixes of a certain color, you can also use color by mixing and adding water.

Experts note that, for example, a white grout mixture can be made independently. You will need white cement and white sand, which must be sieved. As a plasticizer, PVA glue can be added to the solution. Stir the solution in any convenient container with a perforator with a special spinner nozzle or a construction mixer. It is convenient to keep the finished solution during operation on a plaster falcon. You can also use the usual mortar, on which the brick was laid.

In the process of jointing, you should try not to stain the bricks themselves, but, of course, it is not always possible to adhere to this rule. You can simply remove the remaining mortar from the bricks with a brush or a rag moistened with water. The grouting process itself is monotonous, time-consuming, but quite simple, it is quite possible to handle it yourself.

A solution of various colors for facing a brick wall is the latest development offered on the construction market, which is very popular. What is the secret of this solution and how to use it will tell the article.

Colored material for brickwork is a unique building material used in the decoration of the facades of brick buildings. The color of the solution can be matched to the tone of the facing material.

It gives originality to the whole building and distinguishes it from other houses by the fact that no seams are visible on it at all.

Mortars are a special fine-grained mixture consisting of pure water, inorganic substances and special fine aggregates. This material is used in the process of repair, internal and external finishing works during the laying of brick walls.

Mortars are divided into several main types:

air - the main components are fine special aggregate and a special binder air mixture;
waterproofing - white cement with an admixture of ferric chloride, ceresite and sodium aluminate;
ceresite - a white solution, which contains ammonia, lime and amyl acid;
masonry - consist of either cement with lime or cement with clay;
acoustic - incorporate gypsum, white cement, lime and fine aggregate.

The main component of the masonry colored mortar is white cement, to which various mineral dyes are added in a certain amount, due to the saturation of the desired color.

The proportion of dye in the mixture can be 1-8%. A higher percentage content is not recommended. Also among the components of the solution are polymer additives that provide stability, resistance to moisture absorption and strength of the composition, washed sand and persistent chemical mineral pigments that prevent the formation of efflorescence on the wall surface.

Sometimes, in order to improve the formulation of the color mixture, manufacturers add various additional components to their composition, which increase the adhesive characteristics of the building composition, its plasticity and durability, giving it good moisture retention properties and reducing the consumption rate.
material. White cement in the composition of the solution helps to achieve a pure color.

The range of application of the composition in construction is quite wide: finishing internal and external walls with the help of facing material, plastering surfaces, finishing fireplaces. The use of color composition gives a special charm to the whole house and the room inside.

The strength of the masonry is created due to the durability of the components of its masonry elements, including the strength of the masonry composition.

Mortar Benefits

Like any other material, painted masonry mortar has its advantages over concrete:

dries quickly enough - within 3 hours;
the color and concentration of the solution can be chosen as desired;
the surface of the solution is not covered with efflorescence;
affordable price.

Also, this solution has several positive properties:

after complete drying, the colored material has good strength, and well protects the wall from all kinds of damage;
the seams look very neat, minor wall defects are smoothed out, the surface takes on a finished look;
this masonry has durability, since the colored building material is characterized by high bonding strength with brick;
the solution is not afraid of moisture and frost;
is an environmentally friendly building material;
does not fade in the sun;
does not leave marks after contact with the surface of the finishing material (if removed in time).

Special manufacturing technology greatly facilitates construction work:

in one working cycle, you can perform both masonry and joint grout;
high plasticity of the building material provides a fairly easy and fast masonry process;
during laying, the brick does not need pre-wetting, due to the high humidity of the solution;
durable masonry without cracks is ensured as a result of strong adhesion to the stone;
The right color of masonry mortar and grout helps to avoid unpleasant surprises in the form of fading, wetting and leaching, ensuring durability and external beauty throughout the house.

How to choose

When choosing a color mixture for a masonry color mortar, it is very important to pay attention to certain nuances that will help you acquire high-quality material and avoid many troubles.

During the acquisition of building materials, it is worth paying attention to the degree of moisture absorption of the brick. Different types of bricks differ in this indicator, which varies from 2% to 15%.

Fresh masonry from different types of brick absorbs water in different ways. In the event that the mortar acquires strength too slowly or too quickly, then the properties of the masonry deteriorate significantly. To prevent this from happening, the construction market offers masonry mortars with different moisture retention rates: low - 5-6% range, medium - 7-10%, high - 10-15%. The compositions of the first group are well suited for clinker bricks, the second - used when working with facing bricks, the third - for silicate bricks. Some companies also produce a color composition for summer and winter masonry.

When choosing a color masonry mixture, you need to decide on the desired color. Domestic companies offer a large selection of shades (about 35 colors). Foreign manufacturers produce about 50 colors. Sometimes, when ordering, the company can create an individual shade that is not in the catalog, especially for the customer.

The most popular shades of solutions are: white, beige, yellow, brown in various shades, terracotta, red, green in light shades, pink, gray and black.

The experience of the masters shows that the ocher laying mortar goes well with yellow brick, chocolate - with red, white - with gray. For the correct choice of the color of the solution, it is best to consult a specialist, since the beauty and color of the wall is half dependent on the seams.

There are two ways to choose a color:

Determine the shade based on the color of the brick. In this case, the seams will be invisible, and the wall itself will look monolithic.
It's great to play in contrast. In this situation, there is a great opportunity to express the texture and color of the material, to create harmony in the color of wall and door cladding, to finish any architectural elements and roofing.

The thickness and type of the masonry joint also affect the choice of shade, as occupying 15-20% of the area of the entire wall, the joints can completely change the appearance of the house.

A multi-colored masonry compound may have the "Versatility" characteristic, which is an indication that this compound can be used for interior and exterior for all types of bricks, artificial stone, etc.

How to cook

It is not at all difficult to prepare a laying mortar, but the process has some nuances, so you need to carefully read the instructions before work.

For better mixing, you can use a conventional concrete mixer. If she's not there
you can prepare the solution manually or using an electric drill with a special whisk nozzle. To mix the material, pour clean water into a container (per 1 kg of the mixture 120-250 ml), add the powder and mix well until the consistency of sour cream. Now it should be left to rest for 5-7 minutes, so that all color additives dissolve well and mix again. Now you can get to work.

Do not forget that in the cold season, the dry mixture must be diluted with warm water, and also that the composition hardens rather quickly (about 3 hours). When the composition begins to lose plasticity and solidify, it is absolutely impossible to add water to the composition. The only way to revive the material is by mixing. After 3 hours, the solution cannot be used.

When the next portion of the masonry mortar is needed, the mixture must be diluted in the same proportions, otherwise the color of the mortar will not match.

When using a multi-colored masonry mortar for the first time, experts advise applying it to an inconspicuous area of \u200b\u200bthe masonry in order to determine the color and its saturation. If you do not like the shade, you can add water or a dry mixture. The proportions of water must be strictly observed: if the solution is too dry, it will crack, and if it is very liquid, it will be squeezed out of the seams.

Without a doubt, such a composition can be prepared independently by mixing white cement and the desired dye. But, due to the fact that a lot of masonry mortar is required, it is very difficult to choose exactly the same shade in a new batch. Therefore, it is better not to take risks and use a ready-made mixture.

The prepared masonry composition must be used immediately. It is applied in an even layer on the entire surface of the brick block, making sure that gaps and voids do not form.

How to lay facing brick

After the erection of the walls and their insulation, you can start laying the facing bricks. The mortar should be applied in a small layer 1.5-2 cm thick, not reaching the edge of about 1 cm. When using this type of mortar, it is necessary that the thickness of the joints be the same. For this, a square rail with a side of 8 mm and a length of 1 m is used. With the help of it, a seam gap is laid on the brick, then a row of bricks is laid, according to the size of the rail. For vertical seams, you can use another rail of shorter length.

Facing is better to start from the corner, 5-6 rows high, and already equalize the rest of the bricks along them. During masonry, immediately remove the protruding solution from the surface.

The color composition is applied to the brick block using a special steel spatula, taking into account the thickness of the seam of 10-20 mm. Masonry is carried out along a full seam with further processing of this surface with a special stitching tool. On the front side, the seams are processed directly during masonry work. If a light-colored solution is used, then to prevent the solution from oxidizing from interaction with the metal, it is best to use a special wooden or plastic embroidery tool.

The use of modern colored masonry mortars will give the house a certain uniqueness and charm and increase its durability.

The service life of the building depends not only on the material chosen for construction, but also on the assembly composition chosen for bonding brickwork and blocks. The masonry mixture for bricks must be strong, durable in order to maintain the solidity of the wall panel. It is important to know that masonry mixtures are available for both ordinary building and clinker, fireclay, and facing bricks. The manufacturing technology is quite simple, but requires strict adherence to the rules. Otherwise, a poorly prepared substance will lead to the destruction of the entire structure.

Types of mixtures and their purpose

There are several types of mortars for laying bricks:

Cement, characterized by high strength, rigidity;
Cement-clay, where pure clay introduced into the solution provides high water-repellent qualities;
Cement-lime, prepared with the addition of lime milk. Characterized by high plasticity, good adhesion.
Lime mixtures are not the best, as they have reduced strength, are brittle and therefore are indicated for use in low-rise construction.

The masonry composition is obtained by mixing dry fillers with water. If this is a factory mixture, following the instructions is mandatory. Reducing the consumption of the mixture depends on the speed of laying out the material, so it is much better to prepare small portions of the composition in order to work them out before drying.

Universal Blend

Shown for construction work with bricks, made on the basis of cement, sand and water. Sometimes the composition includes plasticizers, for example, special anti-frost additives that allow you to work with the composition even during periods of severe temperature drops. The concept of universality is applicable to many types of compositions, for example, dry masonry is also included in this register.

The universal composition is suitable for laying ordinary bricks. In this case, a cement-based mortar is used. The proportions depend on the brand of cement: 1:4 if it is the M400 brand, 1:5 if the M500 brand is chosen. The composition is supplemented with dry clean sand and water. Lime can be used as a filler, which gives viscosity, as a result of which the mortar fills voids better. However, the composition with lime milk is contraindicated in places of high humidity.

There is a ready-made universal mixture M150, to which plasticizers and water-repellent compounds can already be added. The price of the composition is from $ 12 per bag of 12-15 kg. The availability and quality of the solution allow it to be used quite widely. And the possibility of laying out not only ordinary building, but also clinker, silicate bricks adds advantages.

White masonry mix

This is a composition that is used either for laying cladding or for restoring the seams of buildings that have been in operation for more than one year. The composition of the mixture includes high-quality cement, plasticizers, lime milk, sand and water. In addition to excellent aesthetic characteristics, the solution is durable, elastic and practical. Water absorption remains within 3-10%, consumption per 1 m2 is not more than 1.6 kg.

The price of the mixture varies between $ 2-2.5 per bag of 10 kg. But due to the low consumption, the need for use for facing work, the composition is popular.

Important! The white masonry mixture has a water-holding capacity (98%), which is essential for facing bricks - the finish lasts much longer and does not lose its quality indicators.

Mix for clinker bricks

Due to some specific features of the material, the masonry mixture for clinker bricks differs from the universal one. The composition must contain mineral binding aggregates, which minimizes the risk of shrinkage cracks.

Advice! When choosing a mortar for bricks with a reduced water absorption property, a mortar with a Rhine trace should be selected - the ingredient ensures the preservation of the color content of the product.

The price of such a mixture is higher than the usual one (from $ 30), but it is better to buy it. If the construction is already done with high-quality clinker bricks, then buying a cheap mortar can reduce all finishing efforts to zero.

Color compositions

Colored masonry mixtures for bricks contain a coloring pigment, polymers. It is thanks to polymer fillers that the seams do not change color when exposed to the external environment. A lot of colored compositions for clinker bricks. Pure fine-grained sand as a filler and polymers guarantee reduced water absorption and high plasticity of the mortar. A wide range of colors allows the implementation of any design solutions.

Advice! If you use color compounds only for jointing, the consumption will be significantly reduced, which is important at compound prices from $ 50.

Mixtures for aggressive environments

These are compositions used for work in areas of elevated temperature and humidity indicators. As a rule, these are the premises of mines, production workshops and other special purposes. The composition of the solution always includes refractory powders, clay, sand. High plasticity, the practicality of the composition is achieved by the correct preparation technology: water is poured into the dry ingredients and mixed until the clay dissolves. Then the solution is infused for 3 hours, then water is added again. The correct consistency - the mass is dense, stable, but plastic. Easier - a lump from a shovel slides slowly but surely. Such a substance is suitable for laying fireclay bricks used in the construction of stoves, fireplaces, chimneys. The price of the solution is from $35, but it can withstand temperatures up to +1600 C, which is especially important if refractory bricks are used for laying out.

Important! All compositions and standards for the mixture are specified in GOST 28913-98.

How to make a mixture

If you need to quickly and easily prepare a mortar for masonry, ready-made dry mixes are sold in stores, which you only need to dilute with water. But if there is time, sand, cement, water, then the mixture is prepared independently:

The sand is sifted;
Cement is mixed with sand depending on the brand of cement;
Water is added, the solution of the desired consistency is mixed.

It is necessary to knead the composition for at least 5-6 minutes so that all components are well mixed. It’s a good idea to pour a third of the water into the dry ingredients first, then add the rest. The standard water consumption is 0.6 parts, but it all depends on the desired viscosity of the solution.

Important! The cleaner the sand, the stronger and better the solution. Clay is introduced only in dry powder form. Lime milk is added instead of part of the water. Plasticizers are sold in specialized stores and must be added strictly according to the instructions.

For refractory bricks, the mortar is made from 60% clay, 30% sand, 10% cement. It turns out to be cheaper than the factory one, but there is no refractory component, so the installation of fireclay bricks must be accompanied by refractory plaster, where 20-25% is liquid glass.

The consumption of the solution depends on the thickness and size of the blocks. But you can calculate in advance how much mixture is required per square meter:

Calculate the volume of masonry with the exception of doors, windows;
Based on the data that 0.3 m3 of the mixture is needed per 1 m3, the total volume of the solution is calculated;
The resulting proportions will allow you to calculate the required amount of cement.

The volume of masonry is calculated simply: 1 brick has standard dimensions, it is not difficult to calculate the number of pieces per 1 m3, and then calculate the total area of \u200b\u200bthe desired brick wall masonry. And remember that the faster the solution is used, the lower its consumption.

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