Toilet in the country with their own hands. Wooden toilet for giving do-it-yourself drawings. Standard sanitary room

What should every self-respecting owner of a suburban area have? Of course, first of all, the toilet. Without it, nowhere. A latrine is an important component of a comfortable stay in nature. And how to make it with your own hands and at the same time save money, this will be discussed.

Modern tendencies

It must be remembered that the latrines of the present time are significantly different from those that were several decades ago. What is it connected with? First of all, with a change not for the better in the environmental situation, which is why the requirements for sanitary standards have become tougher.

Helpful information:

Also, innovations in the field of recycling and waste disposal, which have become more accessible to the masses, have played an important role. Modernity dictates its own rules regarding the design and comfort of toilets, and this is reflected in preferences. The place where you relieve yourself should now be not only ergonomic, but also attractive.

Based on all of the above, you can slowly start building a toilet in your summer cottage. We will touch upon the topic of capital structures made of brick and concrete slightly, and pay more attention to the external design, which is also of great importance. Like, for example, in this photo:

As for the basis for the toilet, that is, the foundation, then, oddly enough, you can do without it. And that's why. The fact is that during seasonal shifts of the soil, the deeper layers undergo stronger changes, while the surface ones can move 5 centimeters on average. This will not affect the stability of the cabin in any way, except perhaps quite a bit, which will be completely unnoticeable. And piles, foundation tape and pillars, on the contrary, tend to be more skewed.

If, nevertheless, it is decided to install the foundation, then this should be done before the cold weather in order to avoid the above-mentioned problems. The exception is foundations that are well buried in the soil, such can easily endure winter and frost.

So how do you install a cabin without a base?

Everything is very simple. To do this, concrete posts for trellises are taken, and a booth is installed on top of them. You can also put a booth on ready-made reinforced concrete monoliths or bricks. But the first option (columns) will be better. In the southern regions, trellis posts are often used for vineyards, and where the climate is not so mild, they are used for climbing plants.

Tapestry poles are produced from 1.2 to 6 meters long, with dimensions from 10X12 to 20X30 centimeters. They have a trapezoid cross section. On the larger side there are rigging eyes made of wire rod ranging in size from 6 to 12 millimeters, on the smaller side there are rounded corners. To get the pins on which the booth will be attached to the base, you need to cut the eyes in the middle part with a grinder and unbend them.

If a cesspool is provided for the toilet in advance, then you don’t have to worry about the safety of the rear beam of the cabin, which serves as a support. In this case, the negative chemical environment for the tree is not terrible.

If your summer cottage is located in an area where there are frequent winds, then the booth still needs to be strengthened. For this, professional pipes (40x40x2) or support posts made of timber (80x80) are well suited. At the same time, the metal base must be concreted about half a meter below the humus layer, and the wooden base must first be treated with hot bitumen, then with rough roofing material with sprinkling, and then dug to a depth of 30 centimeters.

Structures, cladding and materials

For a booth, as a rule, 4 types of lumber are used. This is:

• edged and unedged board (“twenty”) or roof slats measuring 50x20;
• for sheathing from the outside - edged or tongue-and-groove board with dimensions from 20 to 30 millimeters;
• for flooring and toilet seat - grooved boards (40X (120-150));
• frame timber (80x80 or 60x60).

The sheathing board can be replaced with OSB (8x20 thick) or waterproof plywood. By the way, from OSB you can cut laths for crates. A little more expensive, but on some sides it will even be better for a forty tongue-and-groove for sheathing.

The best option for lining the cabin with a grooved board is horizontal lining with belts. In this case, the combs of the tongues should be directed upwards, and the grooves downwards, which will protect the skin from the accumulation of unnecessary moisture in the tongue. The door is sheathed vertically.

If the design plan includes curvilinear sections, then it is best to make a marine-type boat sheathing, as shown in the figure. This will be especially good for places where there is a lot of rainfall, but a little worse for windy areas, for which it is best to use tongue and groove. Using an electric jigsaw with a swivel shoe, you can make a trimmed board from a boat board. In this case, it is important to observe the angle of inclination of the visor of the board, which should be within 30 degrees. It should also be borne in mind that the peaks of the boards should be directed down the slope, as shown in the figure.

It is important to know that after trimming, solid lumber must be treated with special preparations that prevent putrefactive processes -. After that, it is necessary to impregnate twice with a water-polymer emulsion. This drug is affordable and can provide good protection against moisture for years to come. Be sure to adhere to a strict sequence of impregnation. Otherwise, PVA glue simply will not allow the biocide to cover the tree with a protective film. Materials for lining the toilet seat and flooring (from the inside), which are facing the cesspool or the ground, are best treated with bituminous mastic or hot bitumen.

The appearance of the toilet for a summer residence

A toilet made of wood in a suburban area is traditionally performed in 4 architectural forms that have funny names. See images.

• birdhouse;
• hut;
• house;
• hut.

In the photo you can see the types of wooden toilet cubicles.

These models do not have significant differences, but there is a difference between them. Which? Let's consider this question in more detail.

11 drawings of a country toilet "Birdhouse"

Even simpler in design, and you need very little land under it. But the design is considered not very durable, and the “birdhouse” is also prone to blowing and does not hold heat well. By the way, these shortcomings apply to all buildings with a shed type of roof. The design of such a structure as a birdhouse toilet is minimized. But this model is perfect as a summer toilet, on the roof of which you can hoist a pressure water tank, where the water will warm up from the sun. In addition, such a "load" contributes to the greater stability of the booth. Also, a building of this type can be used as a room for household needs.

3 drawings of a country toilet "Hut"

The advantages of this model are: resistance to precipitation and winds, strength, simplicity of design, low material consumption. Disadvantages: it requires a considerable amount of land for construction, as well as the inconvenience in terms of the fact that without calculating the capacity a little, you can hit your head, moreover, from both sides. Therefore, you need to take a height along the ridge of at least 3 meters, but then you won’t be able to save materials.

8 drawings of a country toilet "House"

The type of toilet called "house" is the most popular. Its design is considered better than the "birdhouse" in terms of strength, and the same amount of land and materials for construction will be needed. The “house” is also more suitable for the embodiment of design fantasies, although it will be more difficult to install a water tank.

6 drawings of a country toilet "Hut"

The "hut" is the most complex in design, however, it is very durable and can withstand any vagaries of the weather. An interesting cut gives a field for imagination, the “hut” can be decorated as you like. Well, the functionality and ergonomics are generally on top! Inside, you can equip a hanger, a washstand and a shelf, and it will not take up extra space.

Dimensions of a toilet for a summer residence

The allowable dimensions of the "house" and "birdhouse" on the floor (including the toilet seat) are from 1.5 meters deep and from 1.2 meters wide. The same 1.5 meters for depth are taken for the "hut" with a "hut", while the traditional width is from 0.9 meters. In a hut, this is considered by the level of the shoulders (within 1.6 meters from the floor for a person with average height in shoes), in a hut, measurements are taken along the floor. It is noteworthy that in the "Khrushchev", which are built using blocks, there are toilets with dimensions of 0.7X1.1, but they are not designed to go into them in outerwear and country shoes.

However, to build a toilet in a summer cottage, it is still permissible to reduce the width to 1 meter.

According to the rules, there should be at least 40 cm from the head of a person in a standing position to the wall, this is especially important when calculating the angle of inclination of the walls of the hut. At the same time, it is optimal to make the height from floor to ceiling 2.1 meters, and above the toilet seat - 1.9 meters. The height of the side of the toilet seat from the floor should be within 50 cm, in contrast to the standard version adopted in apartments, which is 40 cm.

The “birdhouse”, “hut” and “house” models have one common, but in a certain sense, significant drawback: if the door is not locked, both the door and the booth will loosen within 10-20 minutes. If this happens repeatedly, then the toilet cubicle risks losing stability. To prevent this from happening, you just need to install the door on the barn hinges (as shown in the figure), and then there will certainly be no cause for alarm. Because of its strength, the "hut" is not threatened with loosening, so its door can be safely mounted on secret hinges.

Building a booth

The simplest is the installation of a "birdhouse", while the installation process is carried out using nails 100 mm for a beam of 60 mm or 150 mm for a beam of 80X80 mm. Sheathing is nailed with nails 60-70 mm.

The whole process of building a birdhouse is shown in the figures.

Algorithm for building a toilet of the "birdhouse" model:

1. Take the roofing material, then lay it on the corner plates (pillars) and the carrier belt. Roofing material should be simple, without sprinkling.
2. After that, immediately assemble the lower support frame from the timber. Processing is required. Why immediately? Because roofing material not adapted to ultraviolet rays can quickly deteriorate.
3. Then, flooring is carried out to the front edge of the toilet seat. Boards are stuffed into pieces of the remaining frame, the same thickness as for the floor. We also do not forget about processing (especially from the inside).
4. We carry out the preparation of the rear and front frames, while the joints cut into half a tree.
5. The back and front frame are nailed to the bottom and reinforced with ties. The ties should be cut in 1/4.
6. The frame for the toilet seat is made in the same way.
7. The toilet seat needs to be sheathed, then cut out the seat window, and then proceed to the wall sheathing.
8. Roof cladding assembly.
9. Any rigid roofing material is used for roofing. A figured window (the so-called "ace") is cut out in the door leaf and above the door itself.
10. A door canopy is made and corners are sheathed.

Now the room is quite usable.

Of course, when building a waste site, other types of buildings are also used, which are shown in this video:

Do-it-yourself country toilet: video

"Hut" is also a fairly popular model, but it is more difficult to build it. Therefore, below are projects that indicate the exact calculations of the material and cutting boards. An illustration is also provided as an example. It should be noted that the door in the "hut" has a high degree of strength and is able to withstand any bad weather, even strong winds. Even if the owner, out of forgetfulness, leaves the door open for some time, the wind, of course, will loosen it, but it will not damage the canvases and repairs will be kept to a minimum.

The project of the cabin of the toilet model "hut": photo

Below are less detailed drawings of several more projects: "birdhouse" (second option), "house" and "hut". However, for those who have already understood how to build a "hut", it will be much easier to deal with the above models.

Toilet in the garden

There are certain factors (which will be discussed at the end of the article), due to which it is better to install the “house” and “hut” models in the depths of the garden, that is, among the trees. But the construction of a latrine in the garden has a number of features. We will not describe them in detail, it is better to watch the video and you will understand everything yourself:

Building a toilet in the garden: video

Outbuildings

In suburban areas, it is traditionally practiced to combine a toilet, shower and outbuildings. Also, they are sometimes attached to the premises of summer kitchens and a place where you can hide from rain or wind (in case there is no house on the site). This is all absolutely correct and justified. And that's why.

The fact is that in the summer cottage the amount of "gray" water that enters the drain after using water in the shower or in the kitchen is much less than fecal. And in comparison, for example, with a residential building, the volume of runoff is small. Therefore, it does not make sense to make this very drain separate. A cesspool is a valid and often used option for waste disposal in a utility block. Below are examples of how to make a hozblok along with a shower and toilet in a summer cottage.

Plan of the Cheburashka hozblok: photo

This model of a utility room with a funny name was invented back in the days of the “Khrushchev thaw”. Kits of parts for "cheburashka" can be purchased now, and, most interestingly, under the same names as before. The big advantage of this option is its reasonable price, functionality, simplicity and minimum footprint. In this case, the pillars for the support are concreted or dug directly into the ground (profiled pipe 40x40x2, and timber 100x100). Sheathing is currently made using a profiled sheet, and earlier it was customary to sheathe with slate.

The presented figure shows several plans for household blocks, more complex in design:

Layout of utility blocks with a "change house": photo

They consist of large rooms, which include a barn or warehouse, a room where you can hide from the weather and a kitchen. Also, such a room involves the installation of a window in it. You can also equip a mini-room where a sofa, table and chair can fit. Entrance to the shower room and toilet from the street. So, a considerable area of ​​\u200b\u200bsuch a building is a pretty winning option.

The figure below shows a utility room, which is optimal for building it in the corner of the site. This option implies the installation of a washstand according to the summer type, that is, in the open air. The main difference of this type of structure is its maximum compactness and very small size. It is noteworthy that the building according to the plan is brick, but if it is made of wood, then the dimensions of the premises in the plan can be reduced to 2x2 meters.

cesspool

And this figure shows a diagram of the construction of an economic block and a toilet in the yard. Reflector 1 deserves special attention, which is
one of the main components of the toilet, because it is he who directs the bowel movements to the front of the drain hole. Then the whole mass gradually slides into the so-called pumping pocket. During this process, the discarded masses are mixed with bacteria. It is thanks to the reflector that the correct biocenosis occurs. If you do not use it, then the pit will need to be 2 times deeper and larger in volume. "Gray" drains can merge into a pit without a reflector and also fall into its front part. In order to avoid infiltration into the soil, it is imperative to use a blind concrete box 4 and a clay lock 3. An inspection and cleaning door 2 is also essential.

Country toilet in the house

It is quite possible to install a country toilet at home, however, you need to know the important rules and solve a number of problems that you may encounter during the installation process. So:

cesspool

It must be remembered that the discharge of wastewater into a well with infiltration into the ground is almost impossible. Otherwise, you will have to adhere to certain distances that are prescribed in sanitary standards. This is:

• from water sources, a distance of at least 30 meters is accepted, and with traditional geology (in the middle lane) - from 50 to 80 meters;
• the distance from plantings of food crops and stagnant water bodies should also be from 30 meters;
• the distance from flowing water bodies (rivers and streams) is taken from 15 meters;
• from roadbeds and buildings - 5 meters;
• from the border of the site, bushes and non-fruit trees - from 2 meters.

It should be borne in mind that these rules apply not only to objects on your own site, but also on neighbors' sites. And, as they say, you can’t joke with this, because in case of violations on your part, the law will be on the side of the neighbors.

Therefore, it is very important to understand that the toilet in the summer cottage should be built with a cesspool of a deaf type,. Modern and improved tools designed for cesspools can help a lot with this. Sanitary barrels usually leave the city once a season, and by agreeing with neighbors, you can share the cost of the call among those who use the services.

Summer residents, who are able to independently make something on their site, did not bypass the cesspool. The video below shows how to make a cesspool with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself cesspool: video

Smell

The installation of a toilet with a flush system and a siphon is not allowed even in those areas that have a permanent water supply. Why? The fact is that because of the water there will be an excessive accumulation of moisture, which can have a detrimental effect on the bacteria that live in the pit, which are very necessary for us. As a result, an almost emergency situation can occur and you will have to call a special service and carry out a serious cleaning.

However, the installation of a backlash closet does not exclude that unpleasant odors will not penetrate into the room. This can happen for rather banal reasons: due to the blowing out of the ventilation draft by the wind and its jumps. But there is a solution to this problem as well. In order to avoid the aforementioned misunderstandings, you need or breather. It is forced draft ventilation, due to which a pressure below atmospheric pressure is formed in the pit.

You should not install a fan on the breather broach - this will do absolutely nothing. After all, an ordinary household fan will not be able to function for a long time in an aggressive environment. There are special fans designed for this purpose. However, they are quite expensive. Such fans must be explosion-proof, and they will also need to be cleaned frequently.

In a house with heating, it will be quite easy to install a summer closet. Boiler and furnace options are shown in the pictures. How to do it? One of the most important links is the installation of a backlash channel with thermogradient thrust under the breather. You also need to pay attention to the fact that the breather pipe must protrude at least 70 cm above the roof ridge and the mouth of the chimney. And in order for the hood to function well in the warm season (when there is no heating), you need to take a metal pipe and paint it black, which, as you know, attracts heat on sunny days.

There are also options for toilets for cottages without heating. Which? To begin with, let's give an example: in the first "Khrushchev" rather large toilets were installed, and the drain was of such strength that no brushes and other attributes were needed. Such a drain force was achieved due to the fact that the barrel was hung almost under the ceiling, the height of which was 2.8 meters. On the side of the barrel there was a chain with a pear, with the help of which the draining process was carried out. Thus, the height of the flow of water falling down was about 2 meters.

The noise that arose as a result of the descent of water was very strong. Subsequently, they came up with models of compact toilets, where the barrels were located on the back of the seat.

At first, the shape of the toilet bowls was in the form of sinks with a tub, but with a small pressure of water, the contents were almost impossible to flush. Then they came up with toilets with an oblique descent, which was much more convenient. This type of toilet is shown in the figure.

Not so long ago, your obedient servant also decided to improve the toilet in the suburban area. I wanted to buy something with a siphon so that there was no unpleasant smell. A sloping toilet can flush even without good water pressure. And what if you make pressure, as in the "Khrushchev"? So there will be water savings, and the quality of the drain will remain at its best.

At first I thought about buying an inexpensive compact toilet without a dispenser, in which water can be flushed as long as the button is pressed. Then it would be necessary to raise it higher. But then I thought that it would be inconvenient: to stretch high, they give water by the hour, so you have to buy an additional pressure storage tank.

As a result, I took the "shell" with a direct release down. For water, I took a 50-liter plastic barrel and hung it from the ceiling. I decided to supply water for flushing with the help of two pieces of plastic corrugation through a ball valve with a handle so that it could be opened more sharply.

I was pleasantly pleased with the result, because it took only up to 3 liters of water to flush. And if you calculate the number of flushes per day from a tank with a capacity of 50 liters, then it turned out from 15 to 25 flushes per day. On top of that, the bacteria in the pit feel great in this situation!

It is noteworthy that the booths described above can also withstand tanks with a volume of up to 200 liters. However, you should not install them, because frequent drains will oversaturate the pit with moisture, and its contents will begin to overflow and turn sour. I don't think anyone needs it.

Without cesspool

You can make a country closet without a cesspool in the form of a dry closet. But after all, natural or artificial bacteria are used for any sewage system, and it turns out that this “bio” is what it is. Also, when purchasing a dry closet, you can buy not “bio” at all. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand this topic and figure out how to receive and process wastewater bypassing the sewer. In other words, how to install an autonomous toilet on your site.

Toilets - "autonomous" public can carry out the processing of waste in two types, biological and chemical. It happens that all this is combined, depending on the connected cartridge. "Chemists" process wastewater in two ways:

• strong oxidizing agents of inorganic origin;
• organic abiogenic reagents (for example, formalin).

Also, "chemists" have a high absorption and throughput, expensive prices. The content of the cartridge is toxic, its disposal and refilling is carried out by specially trained people using special equipment and protective equipment. Consequently, in normal domestic conditions, chemical toilets are practically not used.

In dry closets, biocenosis is carried out thanks to specially grown cultures. It turns out that a deaf cesspool, in which the latest antiseptics are used, is also a dry closet. Below are options that do not require pumping and without the accumulation of liquefied effluents.

It is interesting that a type of toilet was used earlier, which has survived to this day and is being successfully used now. This is the so-called. There is also a variety of it: powder closet. They are slightly different, but have a lot in common. Most importantly, they use natural bacteria from swamps saturated with peat. These microorganisms have important properties. What kind? They are inactive, they process little effluent (based on the net volume of the culture). However, their main advantage is their extraordinary vitality, it is also common for these bacteria to hibernate and wake up when favorable conditions occur.

It is accepted that in a composting or simple peat toilet there is a container with a stone drainage of 40-200 liters. It will ensure the absorption of an excess of moisture, and then it will gradually be able to give it away. You also need a breather that will absorb harmful gases. Both are very important for a peat toilet, since without these two components a sustainable culture cannot arise, it can dry out, fall asleep, turn sour, or die altogether.

The advantage of a peat dry closet is also considered to be ease of operation. After visiting it, you just need to pour peat crumbs into the funnel. The contents of the collection should be periodically shaken out on a compost heap. After 2-3 years, the aged, disinfected and fermented compost is suitable as a fertilizer. However, a composting dry closet does not tolerate overload, like a powder closet, and does not eliminate unpleasant odors. If, for example, a walk is expected in the country for several days, then after it it will be guaranteed that the dry closet will need to be cleaned and refilled.

Autonomous toilets based on microflora use advanced high-efficiency bacteria, which are obtained by genetic engineering. The most important thing is that they are completely harmless to people, they have been successfully used since the 80s of the last century, and they have long passed the test of "strength". The process of changing a culture cartridge is as simple as changing a baby's diaper. But its contents must be handed over for processing, as it is not suitable for fertilizer. If you spend 1-2 days a week in the country, then one cartridge cassette is enough for the whole summer, and 2-3 replacements will be needed for the season. I must say that there are quite a lot of varieties of cassettes and it is very important to be able to understand them so as not to acquire a fake.

For example, you should not take an expensive cabin (as shown in Figure 1 below). Of course, it is comfortable, warm, has anti-vandal protection, and is able to take heavy loads. But after all, the shelf life of any bacteria-based cartridge is still limited, regardless of the nature of use. At the same time, the culture can lose its properties before its absorption capacity is depleted, and the price of the cassette is not small.

One should beware of purchasing cheap handicraft goods (as shown in Figure 2). In this case, an “alternative” low-quality and inexpensive bio-toilet is taken (as shown in the picture below) and a cubicle is built around it. As a result, rapid degradation occurs, an unpleasant odor appears, and the cartridge is changed for its own money. And if we take a full-fledged toilet for a summer residence, then a country-household option is better (3). Its price is within reason, the resource for drains is less, and it is designed for a family.

The same applies to bionitases. Public high-capacity, which can work both on chemistry and on microflora (pos. 4), are quite costly in terms of money. Special bio-toilets for dachas (pos. 5) have been put on sale, they are cheaper and are based on a family. However, if only water is poured into their barrels, they quickly deteriorate. Water is replaced with a special liquid, which is supplied for flushing in very small doses, literally drops. Therefore, it is important to ask in advance what the toilet is flushed with and the cost of this very flush.

As a summer option, bucket toilets (pos. 6) are also used, which are designed for 2-5 days of use with a number of 3 to 5 people. They are good for short term use. There are also chemical options that are conditionally disposable, they are more often used on trips and in the field. Such toilets are rented out, and after the expiration date of the absorber or upon return, they are given for refilling.

Another good option for giving is a bio-toilet bowl with a separate cartridge (pos. 7). Its main advantage is that it is much cheaper than a whole toilet. The cabin can be made independently or bought. In general, you get a rather comfortable mini-room where you can relieve yourself (pos. 8). For a suburban area, this is perfect, because the cost of a toilet bowl and cartridges is much less than the price of a cesspool for a booth and a zero cycle.

Without such a structure as a toilet, one simply cannot do in the country. And if you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then you will have to make some efforts and diligence. The most difficult stage in construction will be digging a foundation pit. As for the aesthetic side of the building, this is rather a secondary issue, because the main thing is to competently arrange a cesspool and create a reliable foundation for the above-ground structure.

The following points will be discussed in detail below:

	The choice of a place for the construction of a toilet and its design.
	What you need to build a toilet.
	Features of the cesspool device.
	Construction of a country toilet house.
	Using a dry closet in the country.
	Biological agents for toilets.

How to build a country toilet with your own hands: photos, drawings, video

It should be noted right away that it is better to do all the work once and then not return to this issue for many years. It is especially important to build a capital structure if you spend a lot of time at your dacha. If you do not want to spoil the design of the site by installing an ordinary toilet, then you can always hide it in the far corner behind the country house or come up with an original design for it that would allow it to harmoniously fit into the landscape.

The choice of location for the toilet and its design features

As a rule, the toilet is installed closer to the far boundary of the land, since there will be an unpleasant smell near the room, even if it is insignificant. But sometimes they use another option, making a cesspool not far from the house, and a free corner of the house is taken away to place the toilet, leading the sewer pipe into the pit. Basically, this design is used in cases where water has been brought into the house and it is planned to install an insulating container designed to collect waste.

Be that as it may, it is worth adhering to sanitary and epidemiological standards. They must be observed in order to protect yourself and the environment from negative consequences, such as soil contamination or infectious diseases.

If you are planning to install a cesspool, it is important that it is at least 30 meters away from water sources. Moreover, its depth should not reach groundwater.

If you are going to install a septic tank, then place it no closer than 15 meters from the house.

If you are going to use an insulated container that cleans out as it fills up, you can install it almost anywhere as the waste won't seep into the ground.

Also, an insulated container is suitable in cases where groundwater does not run very deep and it is impossible to make a cesspool in the ground.

Most often, the pits of the simplest toilet for a summer residence have an area of ​​\u200b\u200babout 1 m 2. If the pit is round, then its diameter should correspond to about 1 meter. Its depth is 1.5-2 meters, depending on how the groundwater occurs.

Once you decide on a place for the pit, proceed to the choice of toilet design. First of all, you must take into account the weight of the future structure - the choice of material that you are going to use for construction largely depends on it. Moreover, the house itself should not be made very heavy, because over time, under its weight, the soil can begin to sag and the building is deformed and damaged.

Wooden boards or bars or thin material - corrugated board and galvanized profiles - are excellent as building materials.

If you decide to build a toilet booth out of bricks or logs, then you should think about the quality strengthening of the foundation. But there is no point in building such structures, since they will not be warmer than light buildings. Unless you have a need for thermal insulation of the room with the help of insulation, which has a small weight, for example, foam. This building will be warm, light, windproof in winter and not too hot in summer.

Having decided on the choice of material, you can begin to choose the size of the booth. If you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then we offer you the following drawings.

As a rule, a standard toilet, as you noticed in the drawings above, has a height of 2.3 meters, a width of 1 meter, and a length of 1.3-1.5 meters. But these dimensions can vary, and should not be considered as a dogma. Be that as it may, the room should be as comfortable as possible for all family members to be in it.

What you need to build a country toilet with your own hands

Having chosen the design and dimensions of the toilet, you need to buy building materials. You can buy a metal or wooden "house" ready-made. If you decide to build it yourself, then be prepared for the fact that you will need the following materials:

• wooden bars and boards;

• fasteners - self-tapping screws and nails;

• metal corners to reinforce the wooden frame;

• roof covering material - corrugated board or slate;

• door handle, latch or hook for closing;

• wooden or plastic toilet seat with a lid;

• foam for insulation and material for sheathing insulated walls: thin board, chipboard or plywood (if necessary).

For the device of the cesspool you will need:

• crushed stone, cement, sand;
• reinforcement for strengthening the foundation structure;
• a metal chain-link mesh (intended for covering the pit) and metal pins or brackets for attaching it to the ground.

Also, instead of the grid and its plastering with concrete, you can use a brick, which will be lined with the walls of the pit. Moreover, for the device of the pit, concrete rings are often used, which have holes in the walls. Many summer residents prefer old rubber tires.

Another good environmentally friendly option would be a ready-made container - a septic tank. You can find them in a variety of sizes, so you will choose the right one, depending on the length of your stay in the country and the number of family members.

Of course, when building a country toilet with your own hands, you cannot do without special tools, so prepare in advance:

• bayonet or shovel with a short and long handle;
• a hand drill that will help when digging a pit;
• perforator (if the site has rocky soil);
• screwdriver or hammer;
• grinder - "grinder" with discs for metal and stone;
• jigsaw;
• marking tool - tape measure, ruler, square, pencil, building level or marker.

How to make a cesspool with your own hands?

Of course, it’s worth starting with marking and digging a hole, which can be round or square (depending on which design scheme for the country toilet was chosen).

If you are planning to install a two-chamber plastic septic tank, then the hole is dug so that the inlet pipe is in the toilet cubicle, since a toilet seat will be installed on it. The neck of the second chamber - remains outside the room, as it is required to adjust the pumping of fecal matter.

Tanks can be of different shapes, since the shape and dimensions of the pit depend on this. The size of the pit must be made 20 cm larger than the capacity, since it is necessary to compact the soil around it as best as possible.

If the walls of the pit are finished with brick or concrete, it can be made square or round.

After you dig a hole of the required depth, at the bottom it is necessary to arrange drainage from stones, large rubble, fragments of bricks.

Then, by throwing on the walls, a concrete solution is applied. It is left to dry completely. The total thickness of the layer may be approximately 50-80 mm.

When the first sketched layer grabs, the walls are plastered to a perfectly even state with the same concrete mortar. Then wait until the plastered pit dries.

The pit is covered either with a finished reinforced concrete slab, or you can make it yourself. It will act as a foundation and a platform around the toilet.

Boards are laid on the pit itself. They should go beyond its limits by about 700-800 mm and be sunk into the ground to the level with the ground. They are treated with antiseptic agents. It is quite possible to replace such a wooden substrate with concrete columns.

Two holes are left on the surface for the cesspool and the installation of the toilet seat. Formwork is installed around them.

A dense polyethylene film is spread over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe foundation.

A reinforcing mesh is laid on top of it, which along the entire perimeter is enclosed in the formwork of the future foundation.

With regard to the height of the formwork of the holes, it must be exactly the same as the formwork of the entire foundation structure. When leveling the surface, formwork boards will act as beacons.

The concrete solution is mixed, after which it is poured onto the site, carefully leveled and left to dry. For the strength and durability of the concrete layer after the initial setting, you can iron the wet surface with dry cement.

After the site has matured, a toilet booth can be installed on it. On the hole, which is designed for pumping waste, you will need a hatch. You can buy it in the store or make it yourself. The hatch cover should be easy to close and open.

Another good option is a round pit made from tires. But do not forget that this type of hole cannot be used for a regular user. Such a toilet can only be operated in a dacha, and then if the owners come occasionally, for example, for the weekend, otherwise you will have to resort to pumping out waste very often.

To make a pit, a round pit is pulled out of car tires 150-200 mm larger than the diameter of the tires.

Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pit, having a thickness of 15-20 cm.

Further, tires are laid exactly in the center of the pit to the surface of the soil. As it is laid around the tires, a drainage layer of sand and gravel is filled up and well rammed. This process is carried out to the top.

When the tires are laid, it is recommended to arrange a strip foundation around the pit. To do this, a trench breaks out along the entire perimeter of the future structure, about 500 mm deep, where concrete is poured.

The bottom of the trench is compacted, after which it is covered with sand of 50-70 mm. It also needs to be compacted and covered with a layer of rubble of exactly the same thickness.

Waterproofing is made of dense polyethylene.

Then you can weld a lattice from the reinforcement, install it and mount the formwork 100-150 mm above ground level, and then pour it with concrete mortar. Make a foundation of brick, and then plaster it with cement.

After the mortar has hardened, remove the formwork from the cement foundation, and level the brick on top. Further, roofing material is laid on its surface. It will separate the concrete surface from the wood.

Then the finished design of the country toilet is installed on the foundation, or it is built independently.

For the convenience of building on the foundation, the base-frame, consisting of powerful bars, is first fixed, and the rest of the structural elements are further mounted on it, depending on the model of construction that you choose.

It is worth noting another option for arranging a cesspool - metal barrels with a cut bottom. They are installed on top of each other and then act in the same way as in the case discussed above. A mixture of sand and gravel or a gravel mixture is tamped around the pipe.

It would seem that such a method is simple to implement, but it has many more disadvantages than advantages. Metal barrels under the negative influence both from the outside and from the inside will quickly begin to corrode, and this toilet will not last long.

Do-it-yourself country toilet: building a house, photo

After the pit and the platform for installing the toilet are ready, you can proceed with the installation of the house according to the previously drawn up scheme.

It should be said right away that houses for a country toilet can have a variety of shapes. Many even make them in the form of a fabulous hut, and others may not immediately understand what kind of room fits so harmoniously into the landscape design. Such a structure can be made with your own hands, having an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe scheme for its assembly.

In the photo you will see an option partially made of logs, which give the structure a decorative effect, masking the purpose of the building.

In the diagram you see the basis for building a log house, only boards are used instead of logs. It is perfectly visible how the walls of the structure are assembled and the slopes of the roof rise. The internal space is distributed, and a place has been chosen for the toilet seat.

The next step will be the roof lathing, roofing and wall decoration using the selected material (both wood and metal can be used).

The house can be installed on a pit or used as a room for a dry closet.

This variant of the structure of the toilet was called the "hut". In this case, the house is built in the form of a triangle, and its side walls act as a roof. The form is extremely simple, so the construction process will not cause you any difficulty.

This design is easy to build, as well as easy to use - it is very stable and quite spacious inside.

In the photo you will see the entire internal structure, the installation location of the toilet seat and the lathing of the roof walls. Finishing of the front and rear walls has begun. You can put the “hut” house on a well-equipped cesspool, as in the above case, or use it as a room for a dry closet.

In this photo you see a house for a country toilet of a traditional form, which is found in many areas. However, even such a seemingly simple design you can decorate according to your preference. For example, a toilet in this area was made to look like a Japanese house. This is evidenced by the hieroglyphs on the tablet, which is suspended on chains, an additional roof and a Japanese lantern at the entrance. Moreover, the interior space is also designed in the same style.

This attitude to design suggests that even from such a structure as a toilet, you can make a real work of art if you put in a little more effort.

An approximate scheme of the building is shown in the photo. It clearly shows the cesspool, the installation of the structure of the toilet and the hatch for cleaning. This design is quite simple in the device and it is easy to build. However, in order for it to be reliable, it is necessary to achieve the rigidity of the ligaments of each of the parts among themselves. Internally, the space arranged above the cesspool may look like this during the construction of the walls. That is, a base of bars is installed directly on the foundation, on which the frame of the structure is subsequently fixed.

Upon completion of finishing the country toilet from the inside, the room will have a cozy and neat appearance, such as you see in the photo.

If you wish, you can come up with a different design of the toilet, but it is necessary to carry out interior decoration from warm materials. We do not recommend using ceramic tiles for decoration, as this is a cold material, and in winter the tile will also become slippery.

Dry closet in the countryside

If you cannot build a country toilet with your own hands or you do not have the desire or time to get involved in construction work, then use a dry closet. This option will save you from having to dig a hole and from installing a house.

A biotoilet is nothing more than an autonomous toilet bowl that does not require either connection to branch communications or a separate room. It consists of two chambers, the upper of which acts as a toilet bowl, and the other is used for biological waste processing. In the lower chamber there are active substances that decompose feces, turning them into a homogeneous, odorless mass. The action of the bioactive liquid is enough for 10 days, after which the chamber is cleaned, the contents are poured into the soil or the central sewer.

The choice of disposal method depends on what substances were used in the dry closet. They come in three types: chemical, composting and microorganic. Each of them is ideal for a specific type of dry closet.

For composting, peat is used as an active substance. It is highly absorbent - 1 kg of peat is able to absorb 10 liters of liquid. Compost, which is odorless and obtained as a result of active processes, is perfect for fertilizing the garden.

As a rule, in the compost with this dry closet there are ventilation pipes that remove unpleasant odors during processing.

The work of a dry closet is based on the use of chemicals. It has an indicator that indicates that the container needs to be cleaned. Recycled waste is discharged into the sewer, and you do not harm the environment. For such models, there are special tools with non-freezing properties.

The third type is a dry closet, in which microorganisms are responsible for the waste processing process, turning them into compost. The material obtained in this way is environmentally friendly and absolutely safe for animals and soil, so it will not be difficult to dispose of it.

If necessary, you can install a dry closet in a normal room, which is located in the yard, and in winter bring it into the house, allocating a convenient place for these needs.

What biological agents are used for toilets

Owners of country houses with pit latrines on the site are offered special tools (they are similar to those used in dry closets).

As you can see, there are many ways to solve the problem of a toilet in a country house - you can always choose the most suitable option.

The feasibility of implementing this project does not depend on the length of stay on a suburban land plot. Even for brief visits for a picnic, or working on a few beds, having "amenities" comes in handy. Appropriate construction is necessary if a longer stay is expected. After studying this article, it will be possible to quickly build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands. Step-by-step instructions and detailed comments will help eliminate the mistakes that beginners make with a lack of experience.

Read in the article:

How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands: basic definitions, project preparation

A careful study will allow you to draw the right conclusions about this structure. It is erected one of the first objects, simultaneously with the fence. Considerable dimensions imply solid weight. When outdoors, you need protection from adverse environmental influences. The accumulation of waste is expected, so it is necessary to think over a convenient scheme for their disposal.

Garden toilets for summer cottages are discussed below, taking into account the facts listed above and other important nuances. Alternative solutions are given for each stage of the project. When studying different options, one must not forget about the configuration of one's own summer cottage, existing knowledge and skills, and other individual characteristics.

General building requirements

1. Dissatisfaction will be expressed by the neighbors if the toilet causes them any inconvenience. In particular, it is necessary to consider the direction of the spread of unpleasant odors.
2. With a high level of groundwater, it will be necessary to seal the place of accumulation of waste.
3. For their pumping and subsequent removal, it is necessary to provide a passage and a platform. Free movement of sewage equipment should be ensured.
4. It is necessary to step-by-step check a sufficiently long period of operation in order to optimize the maintenance algorithm.

The dimensions of the pit must correspond to real needs. In any case, it is necessary to accurately assess not only the volume of initial investments, but also the costs during use.

Placement of a toilet inside a residential building and outdoors

For completeness of the analysis, it is necessary to note the features of different options for the location of this sanitary facility.

In this room, bathrooms and showers are installed.

The creation of such structures is accompanied by large monetary and labor costs. The installation of concrete rings, for example, cannot be done correctly without powerful lifting equipment.

A typical design combines all important components:

• Building 1);
• Toilet seat (2);
• ventilation (3);
• cesspool (4).

If you look closely, you can see a special hole in the door (5) in the figure, which provides natural light and clean air. Such a structure, with the correct implementation of plans, is autonomous. It is able to perform its basic functions without consuming electricity.

Do-it-yourself construction of an outdoor toilet for a summer cottage: choosing an installation site, important parts of the structure

Some of the options shown in the figure are expensive in the factory. Independent high-quality reproduction of incineration and packaging technologies will be accompanied by significant difficulties. In this article, the range of study is limited to relatively simple structures. With clear instructions, it is not difficult to figure out how to build an outdoor toilet with your own hands. For better assimilation of knowledge, descriptions of actions are supplemented with thematic photographs, video materials.

Sometimes it is impossible to comply with the current standards due to the small size of the site, the high level of groundwater, or for other reasons. In such cases, the usual cesspool is replaced with special structures.

Here the main parts of the structure are above ground level. Use sealed containers. They are installed in a separate volume with good thermal insulation of the walls, which prevents freezing of drains in the winter. A definite disadvantage is the high entrance with steps.

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After reviewing the information provided, you can get a more complete picture of the home sewage system and the wastewater treatment system and already consciously begin to choose the design of the treatment plant.

This design is one of the simplest options. For stability, the structure (8) is installed through wide supports (6) on a cushion (1) of a cement-sand mixture. The toilet seat (3) of suitable height (500 mm in this project) is equipped with a hinged cover (2). Door dimensions (5) are also selected individually. The window (1) can be glazed, or a free opening can be left for better ventilation. A bucket (4) or other suitable container is recommended to be used with a volume of at least 20-25 liters.

The specific name of this modification is given by the method of neutralizing the processes of decay. Waste is regularly sprinkled with "powder" from a mixture of peat and sawdust. This simple technique blocks the spread of unpleasant odors.

There are a wide variety of products of this type currently on the market. As you can see in the photo, you can buy a ready-made toilet with walls, a roof and a door. But the task of creating a building structure with your own hands is defined above. In such a "house" it is possible with a cleaning system built into the base. Specially grown cultures of bacteria are added there, which actively process waste.

Current standards for the location of a country toilet on the site

Such a massive structure is difficult to move when the need arises. Therefore, you need to carefully choose a suitable place for installation.

Only some of the requirements are listed here. To find out exactly where to place the toilet on the site, you need to study the relevant building (SNiP 30-02-97) and sanitary (SanPin 42-128-4690-88) standards. When choosing specific numbers, smaller values ​​should be taken into account in order to prevent ambiguous situations during possible litigation.

For example, yard-type latrines can be installed at least 20 meters from residential buildings, adult recreation areas and playgrounds. But the distance can be reduced to 8 meters when it comes to the territory of personal household. Be sure to take into account the permitted distances to neighboring structures.

Features of a cesspool for a toilet in the country

When installing such a structure nearby, the direction of groundwater flow is taken into account. The following table explains the guidelines for geological characteristics:

The type of storage capacity is essential. If it is not sealed, the requirements increase. In particular, the use of a pit without a bottom is prohibited if the total volume of drains into it exceeds 1 cubic meter. in 24 hours.

This table can be used to check the relative position of this structure and individual engineering networks:

The depth of the pit should not reach the groundwater level. Additionally, the restriction “not less than three meters” is applied. It is determined by the typical parameters of sewage equipment, which only up to such a limit performs its functions efficiently enough.

The airtight pit for the country toilet prevents pollution of the environment by sewage. But in this case, it must be equipped with a ventilation pipe with a diameter of 10-12 cm. It is raised above the lid by 60-80 cm. This device is necessary to remove explosive methane.

How to make a toilet in the country using different materials

When building a toilet in the country, such materials will make a stationary object. It can be well insulated, equipped with plumbing, artificial lighting. To maintain stability, you will need a foundation corresponding to the weight. The parameters of such a project do not correspond to the terms of reference, which establishes the following main criteria:

• ease of construction;
• minimum cost;
• simplicity of installation technologies;
• mobility.

• processing features to create the desired shapes and sizes.
• the possibility of applying certain decorative coatings, patterns;
• compatibility with accessories, other parts of factory production;
• resistance to atmospheric and other external influences;
• rules of care, repair.

Note! To find out how to build a country toilet inexpensively, you need to clarify the expected service life. For a temporary structure, suitable cheap materials can be used.

Construction of a wooden toilet for a summer house with your own hands: drawings, features of operation

Even without previous experience, working with these materials is not accompanied by excessive difficulties. Therefore, quite often it is a wooden toilet in the country that is chosen as the best option.

Such a country wooden toilet with your own hands can be built in a day after preliminary preparation. According to the given dimensions, you need to purchase bars. Of these, using screws, a reliable power frame is created. For quick cutting of grooves, a power tool is useful. Boards sheathe the seat, walls, shed roof. The door (not shown in the diagram) is fixed on standard hinges, a latch and a handle are installed. Large holes can be made with an electric jigsaw.

Important! Such a structure weighs a little. In some cases, the waste is disposed of by burying a filled hole. After that, the light wooden structure is moved to another place.

To prolong the life of wooden products in the open air, they are protected from rain, changes in humidity, ultraviolet radiation, microorganisms and bark beetles. To do this, use specialized impregnations that penetrate deep into the structure of materials.

Advantages and disadvantages of a dry closet for odorless cottages

Despite the relatively high prices, designs in this category should be studied separately. They will have to be used in small areas, in case of conflict situations with the nearest neighbors. It should be emphasized that cesspools emit unpleasant odors, which significantly reduce the level of comfort. It should also be noted the potential for the destruction of the walls over time, the risk of penetration of pollution into groundwater, sources of drinking water.

The photo example shown has the following characteristics:

1. The main material is high-quality high-density Danish-made polyethylene (280-320 kg per cm3).
2. The walls and other products made of it are resistant to strong mechanical stress. The structure is reinforced with stiffeners.
3. The built-in storage tank (250-300 l) is designed for 500-650 visits.
4. Standard equipment: a washbasin with a large water tank (25 l), a foot-operated pump, a soft seat, a locking device on the door, a large mirror in a frame with fasteners, holders for towels, toilet paper, a dispenser for liquid soap.
5. In the transport position, the set occupies 1.25 cubic meters.

Related article:

We invite you to consider. Prices, user reviews, an overview of popular models will help you prioritize and make the right choice.

Such a toilet looks aesthetically pleasing from the outside and inside. It can be installed alone quickly and accurately, moved to another location. The manufacturer's official guarantees are essential, which cover the tightness of connections and other important consumer parameters.

Note! For full functioning, you will have to regularly purchase toilet fluid in the country, containing cultures of special anaerobic bacteria. These costs should be added to the price of the kit when calculating the economic feasibility of this solution.

Parameters and features of building a toilet from corrugated board with your own hands

The use of metal parts of this category will allow you to get at your disposal the following advantages:

1. Precise matching of individual elements, which simplifies and speeds up the assembly of a quality structure.
2. Lightness with high rigidity, the ability to maintain integrity under strong wind and other mechanical loads.
3. Resistance to corrosion processes, which is provided by a multi-layer protective coating.
4. Flawless appearance. It won't need to be updated for many years.

It should be specially noted that a country toilet made of corrugated board, if necessary, can be disassembled and moved to another place. Sheets are attached to the power frame with special screws, with rubber pads. These seals prevent moisture from penetrating into the metal structure.

In the manufacture of such a toilet in the country from corrugated board, it will be possible to exclude welds. To reproduce the relevant technologies, you need to purchase special equipment and master work skills. A wooden frame is not difficult to create on your own. These parts of the structure are connected and reinforced with metal corners. Steel parts without factory protection are coated with a primer and paint to prevent corrosion processes.

A high-quality toilet for a summer residence with your own hands: step-by-step instructions, practical recommendations

After careful study of the above information, it is not difficult to formulate individual technical requirements. After that, you can begin to consider the implemented projects of garden toilets with your own hands. Drawings of some successful products are given below. Next, you need to really evaluate your own strengths by looking at the descriptions of the construction processes.

Important! When you figure out how to build a toilet with your own hands in the country, check its aesthetic characteristics. The uniform style of small and large buildings on the site creates an overall harmonious atmosphere.

Technical characteristics of the toilet in the country with their own hands: dimensions, drawings, design examples

The following brief description will help to understand the general principles of creating such structures:

1. In addition to the positions noted in the design documentation, it will be necessary to prepare the products and tools noted below. In particular, the roof can be protected inexpensively from bad weather with a suitable sheet of roofing material.
2. First, a cesspool is created with dimensions corresponding to the contour of the lower part of the toilet. At the bottom of the pit, gravel and other granular materials are added.
3. Curb blocks, or other standard reinforced concrete products, are suitable for supports. They are mounted so as to leave a gap between the toilet and the surface from 10 to 20 cm.
4. The roofing material is useful for creating a layer of waterproofing between the supports and the wooden frame.
5. The installation of the toilet is carried out in stages. The power frame made of timber is sheathed with clapboard. From the inside, you can fix foam sheets for insulation.
6. For flooring, thick boards of 35-45 mm are used from wood species that are resistant to decay and stress.
7. A ventilation pipe from a pit with a ledge above the roof ridge by 20-30 cm is attached to the back wall.
8. Next, cut holes, mount doors, roofing. Apply protective compounds, finishing decorative coating.

Note! The dimensions of the toilet in the country with their own hands are adjusted according to personal needs and preferences. It is recommended to follow the above proportions. It is impossible to reduce the thickness of parts that are subjected to loads during operation.

The device of a cesspool for a toilet for a summer cottage with their own hands

Explanations for the drawing:

• for a sufficiently strong strapping, logs (1) with a diameter of 140-150 mm are suitable. The same blanks are used to create frame racks (3)
• the exhaust pipe (2) is installed above the roof.
• manhole covers (4) can be made from planks.
• sod (5) is placed on the slope for strengthening.
• a layer of clay (7) with a thickness of 300-350 mm will provide good waterproofing.
• between the covers they make a bedding of peat and sawdust with a thickness of 200-250 mm.
• the frame (6) and the floor (9) are impregnated with special compounds that block the processes of decay.

To decide correctly how to dig a hole for a toilet in the country, you need to study the features of modern engineering solutions in this area. Sealed storage tanks made of concrete, plastic, and other materials will not allow harmful substances to enter the environment. However, they, like conventional cesspools, have to be cleaned frequently.

Article

The dream of a city dweller is to buy a country house where you can relax from the hustle and bustle. Well, now you are the owner of the site and the most requested part is the toilet. What if it doesn't exist?

But there is a way out - to build a toilet with your own hands, using improvised means, by creating a drawing yourself. With your own hands to provide comfortable living conditions.

How to make a toilet in the country?

A string of questions immediately arise in my head, which drawing to choose, which design to give, what materials will go. In this article, we will reveal the basis and rules for developing your project.

The main types of booths

First, let's look at what types of structures exist. The simplest type, a building with a cesspool.

But before we start, we take into account the sanitary standards that apply in Russia: think over the method of cleaning, proper waterproofing. Clarify the requirements of the neighbors so that there are no conflict situations.

A toilet in the country with your own hands can be made in several ways.

We list the types of buildings:

• The birdhouse is an economical version with a shed roof located on a box. Summer option;
• The hut is a complex structure with a large selection of designs that retains heat in the cold. Requires more material costs;
• Hut - a simple form with a gable roof, a wind-resistant model;
• House - a design with increased strength, a warm option;
• Double - a complex building with a second department;
• Toilet with shower - an additional extension for washing is attached to the main booth;
• Dry closet - can be installed even inside the house. Dry closets are gaining popularity, as there is no particular fuss with them.

There are three types of dry closets: peat, chemical and electrical models. This option is first aid when construction is underway.

Then you can proceed to the capital toilet with a reliable septic tank, serving for years.

Where to start building?

The summer resident needs a toilet that is hygienic, clean and pleasing to the eye, in compliance with the environmental situation, waste neutralization, and compliance with the requirements for external design.

Capital septic tank with a complex of tanks in the ground

To do this, most often they make three concrete rings, which are immersed in the ground in turn. The upper ones become settling tanks, the third filters sewage that goes into the ground without harming groundwater.

Such septic tanks contain anaerobic bacteria that process waste and neutralize harmful bacteria.

You have the following tasks:

• choose a system for the removal, discharge and disposal of sewage;
• determine a place for the toilet and it is better to choose far from home;
• decide what type of construction is suitable, dismantled above;
• choose a design that you can do with your own hands;
• select suitable materials;
• determine the size of the toilet in the country;
• calculate the construction cost estimate.

Decide for yourself how the waste pit will be cleaned if you do not install a septic tank. How can a sewage truck drive up, pumping out sewage.

Decided and answered questions? Now you can start building, let's take it step by step.

Practice: start of construction

We decided on the place, we will choose the desired design. The builders have already developed a certain gold standard of size, the ratio: 2.2x1x1.4 m.

Look at the photo of the country toilet. We decided on the form, we will prepare the necessary tool:

Note!

• perforator, can be replaced with a crowbar, for crushing hard ground;
• a shovel, preferably with a short handle, it is so convenient to dig;
• capacity for a pit with waste, the optimal capacity is 200 l;

If you use electrical appliances, take care of the power source.

Make drawings of a country toilet or use the data in the figure. Consider installing ventilation, insulation. Let's start construction with a waste pit.

Stage one - hole

We dig a deep waste pit for sewage. The standard shape is square, the depth is not less than 2 m. Be sure to strengthen the walls after digging, you can use reinforced concrete material, boards or make masonry from stone, brick.

We provide the bottom of the pit with tightness, fill it with rubble or make a concrete screed.

If there is a risk of contaminating groundwater, then we will make the walls and the bottom waterproof, seal it with a special material.

Note!

The second stage - the frame

The pit has been prepared, we will begin to build a protective external structure. The prepared frame must be fixed, it is better to make it wooden. We will make markings and drill holes in which we install the supporting pillars. They will provide stability for future construction.

The foundation itself is necessary if you visit the country house all year round, to serve for a long time. First, it must be deepened, then bricks or blocks should be placed in the corners, waterproofing will be provided by a roofing material overlay.

Place the material between the prepared frame and the foundation. Immediately begin to install the bottom frame so that the roofing material does not dry out from the sun.

Lay the floor, prepare the seat skeleton in place and attach it. Nail the front frame to the posts. After sheathe the toilet seat, make a hole.

Now sheathe the facade of the toilet directly, you can choose lining, profiled sheet, siding and other materials for this. Install the crate for the roof and put on it any roof made of slate, metal tiles.

Note!

Finish up by hanging the door on the hinges and the wooden outdoor toilet is almost ready.

The third stage - ventilation

So that unpleasant odors do not bother you, we will develop a ventilation system in the design of the toilet. We use a plastic pipe with a diameter of 100 mm for this.

Take tin clamps and pull it to the hole made on the roof of the building. The lower end of the pipe must be drawn 15 cm into the waste pit, cutting a hole of the required diameter into the seat.

A deflector nozzle will additionally help to strengthen the draft. There is nothing complicated in the construction, anyone can build a simple toilet.

DIY toilet photo

Not a single place of residence of people can do without a toilet, and the dacha is no exception. Building a country toilet with your own hands will not be difficult. The toilet for a summer residence can be organized in various ways, from the traditional rustic to the modern septic tank. This article will look at how to organize a place for the collection and disposal of waste and make a comfortable and beautiful toilet.

Types of toilets for summer cottages

Country toilet according to the method of device can be divided into three types: street, peat, septic tank or cesspool.

Outdoor or summer toilet for giving is a separate building with a pit under it for collecting waste - this is the simplest type, it will perfectly satisfy all the needs of the owners.

Fig.2.

Fig.3.

Its main advantage is that cleaning may not be performed for more than 10 years, due to the slow accumulation of waste. This is facilitated by its device, the pit is leaky and has ventilation. Part of the liquid fraction evaporates, and part is absorbed into the soil. Thus, the accumulation of sewage is very slow.

Fig.4.

Fig.5.

With all the advantages of an outdoor toilet, it cannot be built at a high groundwater level, more than 2.5 m. Otherwise, the water in the pit will be constant, and not only in the spring, and sewage can get into the groundwater. This is especially dangerous if the water supply of the cottage is carried out using a well. Also, certain norms are imposed on the installation of a country toilet according to the location on the site.

Peat or Finnish toilet for a summer residence- this is a structure without a pit, all sewage is accumulated in a special tank. The country toilet of the Finnish design is arranged as a separate building. It has a simple operating principle. After each use, waste products are sprinkled with peat, or a mixture of peat with ash, sawdust, and crushed bark. The mixture promotes the decomposition of sewage. As soon as the container is full, it must be emptied into a compost heap for further processing. Recycled waste is an organic fertilizer that can be used to feed plants.

Fig.6.

Fig.7.

This species has no location restrictions. A dry composting toilet has the disadvantage of having to empty the contents regularly. Therefore, it is advisable to arrange it if the cottage is used seasonally and no more than 1 - 2 people use it constantly.

Fig.8.

Fig.9.

Fig.10.

septic tank allows you to organize a bathroom in a country house. This becomes possible thanks to a sealed cesspool, which can be installed anywhere on the site and at any level of groundwater. A septic tank makes it possible to make a toilet in the country with a toilet like in a city apartment. Unlike a country toilet, a septic tank can be used year-round. Therefore, it is usually arranged in places of permanent residence.

Fig.11.

Fig.12.

The disadvantage of a septic tank is its high cost and complexity of installation. The septic tank does not just accumulate waste, it recycles it. A septic tank can be of various designs. Depending on the type of septic tank, the percentage of processing is different, but does not reach 100%, so it is necessary to pump out deposits from time to time, while doing it yourself is quite difficult. In this connection, there must be access to the septic tank for the entrance of a sewage truck.

Fig.13.

Fig.14.

Building an outdoor toilet with your own hands

Most dachas are used only in summer. Therefore, the outdoor toilet is the most popular. The construction of a country toilet with a cesspool under it will not require much effort, it is quite easy to do it yourself, and you can use improvised materials during construction.

Norms for the location of the toilet for a summer residence

The first stage of construction is the choice of a place for its installation. When choosing a place, it is necessary to take into account sanitary standards.

Fig.15.

The country toilet should be located at a distance of at least 8 m from residential buildings, at least 12 m from the cellar and at least 25 m from a clean water source (well or well). Therefore, it is usually placed in the far corner of the garden.

Fig.16.

Fig.17.

Sooner or later, the cesspool will fill up and the toilet will be unusable. The pit can be cleaned or the toilet moved to another location. As a rule, they choose the second option, make a new hole next to the old one and transfer the booth. Compositions with bacteria are added to the old cesspool, which in a couple of years will turn sewage into compost. The compost can be removed for fertilization and the pit can be reused.

How to make a hole for a toilet

A toilet for a summer residence begins to be erected from a cesspool device. A standard pit has a depth of 1 - 1.5 m and a width of 1 m. If the groundwater is far enough away, then the depth of the toilet pit can be greater.

Fig.18.

In order for the pit not to crumble, it is necessary to strengthen the walls. You can strengthen them with bricks, rubble, old car tires, concrete rings, or install a tank. A more durable option is concrete rings. However, the simplest, fastest and most popular is the barrel. In this design, a metal or plastic container with a volume of 200 liters is used.

Fig.19.

Crushed stone is poured at the bottom of the cesspool with a layer of 10 - 15 cm. Holes are made in the barrel through which the liquid fraction of sewage will go into the soil. A barrel is installed in a pit and covered with rubble around the perimeter. Crushed stone will act as drainage and prevent siltation of the pit. Instead of crushed stone, you can use broken brick, stone, etc. Thus, the service life of a country toilet can be significantly increased.

Fig.20.

Fig.21.

Fig.22.

How to make a foundation for a toilet cubicle

The second stage in the construction of a toilet for a summer residence is the construction of a cabin. Traditionally, the cabin is made using frame technology. First, the frame is assembled, then sheathed with clapboard, profiled sheet or siding. The frame toilet can be assembled from a wooden beam or welded from a metal profile.

Fig.23.

Fig.24.

Fig.25.

The cabin is quite light in construction, so a special foundation is not required. So that the toilet cubicle does not stand directly on the ground, it is placed on concrete blocks. In turn, concrete blocks are placed on a sand cushion 10–20 cm thick. This approach provides a reliable foundation and natural ventilation, which contributes to the absence of smell.

Fig.26.

Fig.27.

Fig.28.

The easiest way is to make a booth out of wood, because. when working with wood, no special tools, such as welding, are required. A wooden cabin will not heat up in the sun, unlike a profiled sheet toilet, and it will be comfortable to use.

Fig.29.

A wooden booth with your own hands can be made from a bar with a section from 50x50 mm to 100x100 mm. First, the base of the frame is assembled, then vertical racks are installed, after which the rafters are attached and the crate is made.

Fig.30.

Fig.31.

Fig.32.

All elements of the cabin frame are connected with self-tapping screws and construction metal corners. Outside, it is sewn up with a board, rail or block house, which makes the cabin look like a log toilet. Any roofing material can be used for roofing. The door for the toilet house can be made from boards or used ready-made.

Fig.33.

Fig.34.

toilet seat

The toilet seat can be made in various ways. Two options are most popular: a platform and a special plastic bucket. When making a platform, it is important to consider that its height should be 45 cm and a width of 60 cm. Such dimensions guarantee the convenience of using the country toilet.

Fig.35.

Fig.36.

Fig.37.

An important point to consider when building a booth is the presence of a window. The window performs two functions of lighting and ventilation. The window should not be glazed, so the house will not be hot and there will be no smell.

Fig.38.

Fig.39.

Drawings of a toilet cubicle

The toilet cubicle may have a different design, but the principle of construction is identical for everyone. Here are some examples.

Fig.40.

Fig.41.

Fig.42.

Fig.43.

Fig.44.

Fig.45.

Fig.46.

Fig.47.

Fig.48.

Fig.49.

Fig.50.

Fig.51.

Fig.52.

Cesspool toilet in the country

A septic tank, for seasonal use, is rarely done due to the high labor intensity of its device. Of course, you can buy a ready-made septic tank, but then you will have to pay a considerable amount of money for it. If the cottage is visited all year round, then the installation of a septic tank fully justifies the effort and money spent on it.

Fig.53.

A septic tank is a sealed chamber or several chambers into which waste products enter, where they accumulate and are partially processed. The main criterion for the construction of a septic tank is its volume. For a family of three, the minimum volume of a septic tank should be 1.5 cubic meters.

The simplest septic tank consists of one chamber and it is quite easy to do it yourself, because. in fact, it is a sealed cesspool, which eliminates the leakage of sewage and flooding with groundwater.

Fig.54.

Fig.55.

The procedure for constructing a cesspool for a country toilet is as follows. They dig a pit 1.5 - 2 m deep. A sand cushion 20 cm thick is poured at the bottom of the pit. Next, a concrete slab 10 cm thick is poured, this will be the bottom of the cesspool. After that, the walls of the cesspool are erected from brick, stone or concrete. Outside, the buildings are waterproofed to protect against groundwater. A sewer pipe from the toilet is brought to the cesspool. The sewer pipe is laid with a slope of 2-3 cm per 1 m of length. On top of the pits arrange a roof. The roof can be made of wood or concrete. For year-round use, the roof of the cesspool must be insulated. When creating a roof, a hatch for pumping sewage must be provided.

Fig.56.

A simpler and faster option for creating a cesspool is to use precast concrete structures, such as rings. In this case, it is necessary to dig a pit, mount rings in it and bring a sewer pipe from the country toilet.

Fig.57.

Fig.58.

Additionally, the septic tank must be insulated and equipped with ventilation. The simplest ventilation option is to install a fan riser in the house and bring the pipe to the roof level.

A septic tank of this type is operated quite simply. Gradually, it is filled with sewage, and when 2/3 of the volume of the septic tank is filled, it is emptied by a sewage machine. This will have to be done regularly, so the septic tank must be located in a place accessible to the entrance of the sewer.

Diagrams and drawings of a homemade septic tank device

Fig.59.

Fig.60.

Fig.61.

Fig.62.

Autonomous sewerage system

An alternative to a homemade septic tank is the Tank septic tank. It is a plastic barrel divided into sections. First, the first section is filled, while solid waste descends to the bottom, and only the liquid fraction remains on the surface. As it fills, the liquid fraction overflows into the adjacent section, where similar processes take place. A composition containing anaerobic bacteria that decompose sewage is added to the septic tank. The water purified in this way is drained into the drain, and the sediment is pumped out by a sewer.

Fig.63.

Another option for a septic tank with a high percentage of waste recycling is the Autonomous Sewerage septic tank. The principle of its operation is similar to a traditional septic tank, with the only exception that an autonomous sewage system is equipped with an air compressor, which enriches sewage with oxygen, and the decomposition process is under the influence of aerobic bacteria. Autonomous sewage is dependent on electricity, but allows you to achieve a high degree of recycling of waste.

Fig.64.

Fig.65.

Fig.66.

The installation of the last two types of septic tank consists in preparing a pit, installing a septic tank in it and connecting it to the sewerage system of the house.

We have considered all the ways of arranging and building a toilet for a summer residence. If you plan to live or visit the cottage all year round and want to have the comfort of a city apartment, then you should immediately install a septic tank. If you visit the cottage only in the summer, then it is easier and faster to build a summer toilet with a cesspool under it. If you do not often visit the country house, then the simplest version of the toilet device is the Finnish peat toilet. Whatever version of the toilet you choose, any of them will perfectly meet your needs, and the cottage will not be left without a toilet.