Learning to grow wisteria in different climatic zones. Growing heat-loving wisteria In which countries does wisteria grow

Flowers wisteria(from the Greek Glicinia - "sweet"), or wisteria (lat. Wisteria), belong to the genus of tree-like climbing plants of the legume family, growing in subtropical regions and attracting attention with their fragrant, hanging purple inflorescences. The Latin name "Wisteria" was given to the wisteria flower in honor of Caspar Wistar, professor of anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania. 9 species of the wisteria genus are known, but only Chinese wisteria and Japanese wisteria, or profusely flowering, are grown as horticultural crops.

Wisteria tree - description

The wisteria plant in nature is a woody deciduous vine with drooping branches, reaching 15-18 meters in height. The leaves of wisteria are imparipinnate, pubescent when young, up to 30 cm long, with the number of leaves from 7 to 13. Fragrant purple, lilac or white flowers are collected in drooping brushes up to 30 cm long. Wisteria blooms in spring, at the end of March and can bloom throughout the summer. The wisteria tree is very much in demand in landscape design, it is grown in various forms - both as a liana wrapping around the walls of a gazebo or a fence frame, and as a standard tree. Wisteria is also grown at home, in a container way in the form of a tree, but still homemade wisteria is not as common as garden wisteria, so let's talk about growing wisteria in the garden.

Growing wisteria from seeds

How to grow wisteria from seeds.

Wisteria seeds are planted in late November or early December. Wisteria seeds are sown on the surface of a soil mixture consisting of leafy soil (four parts), soddy soil and sand (one part each), sprinkled with a thin layer of sand on top, sprayed with water from a spray bottle and, having covered the container with glass to create a greenhouse effect, put in a dark warm (22-25 ºС) place, keeping the soil slightly moist all the time. Wisteria sprouts from seeds in 3-4 weeks, and after another week and a half it will be possible to transfer seedlings to the light by organizing protection from direct sunlight. When the seedlings form two leaves, they are dived into separate containers along with a clod of earth on the roots and watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Wisteria seedlings.

Seedlings dived into individual containers must be accustomed to the environment in which they will live. To do this, they need to be taken out for a couple of hours a day to an unheated part of the house or kept under an ajar window, provided that there is no draft in the room.

You can sow wisteria seeds directly into the open ground in early spring, then the seedlings grow adapted to the environment and subsequently delight with their endurance.

Planting wisteria

When to plant wisteria

Planting wisteria is done in the spring, when the last frosts have passed. All types of garden wisteria are cold-resistant, but it is better not to expose young plants to the risk of frostbite. Before planting wisteria, it is necessary to determine in which area it will grow better - wisteria is not an annual, and if you are interested in the quality of flowering, then keep in mind that it should be in the sun for half a day, so choose the most sunny and protected from gusts of wind, the soil is nutritious, well-drained and slightly alkaline.

How to plant wisteria.

Wisteria seedlings are transplanted into pits 60x60x50 cm in size, having previously applied mineral fertilizers to the soil in the area for digging at the rate of 25-30 g per square meter of planting area. Be prepared for the fact that wisteria will not show signs of life for some time - it grows for a long time, and in the first years it forms only long thin shoots. In general, you can see beautiful flowers of wisteria grown from seeds only after 4-5, or even after 10 years.

Care for wisteria in the garden

How to grow wisteria.

From spring to late summer, wisteria requires moderate watering so that the soil underneath is always slightly moist, but never wet. If the spring is without rain, then you will have to water more diligently, because the buds may crumble, and you will not see the flowers for which the plant was planted. From mid-September, watering is gradually reduced. In order for wisteria to bloom on time and abundantly, it is fed once a week during the active growing season, alternating liquid mineral fertilizers (Kemira-Lux, for example) with organic ones (mullein infusion in a ratio of 1:20). It is useful to pour wisteria with chalk water once a season (100 g of chalk per bucket of water). When the flowers begin to fade, remove the faded inflorescences. In addition, you will have to cut dry branches, tie up and guide the shoots so that they do not fall and grow in the right direction. Before the onset of winter, you need to spud the rosette high, remove the vine from the supports and lay it on the near-trunk circle, as is done with climbing roses, preparing them for wintering, and then sprinkle with dry leaves and cover with spunbond or lutrasil. You can not do all this, but if there is no snow in winter, the wisteria may freeze.

When does wisteria bloom? Chinese wisteria blooms at the age of three, Japanese - at the age of ten, so wisteria is a plant for those who know how to wait. Chinese wisteria blooms from April, with all buds opening at the same time. Wisteria blooms profusely from May to June. Make sure that there is no excess nitrogen in the soil, otherwise the wisteria will grow green, but will not bloom.

Trim wisteria.

Trim the wisteria to stimulate flowering and in order to form the plant. To form a standard tree, one strong shoot is chosen, and the rest are removed. If you grow wisteria as a climbing plant, then it is advisable to remove the abundantly growing side shoots so that wisteria does not expend energy on overgrowing greens, but directs them to the formation of buds. Pruning wisteria in spring consists in removing young shoots sticking out so that they do not hide flower clusters from view during flowering with their foliage. In addition, a young lateral annual branch of wisteria can produce an inflorescence this year only if you shorten it to 30 cm. 20 cm. However, try not to get carried away with the process, otherwise you can deprive yourself of the pleasure of seeing the lush flowering of wisteria.

Propagation of wisteria.

We have already described in this article the propagation of wisteria by seed. It is worth adding that many of the germinated and even grown seedlings may never produce flowers - no one knows why this happens. But we have repeatedly told readers that propagation by seeds is unreliable and it is much better to use vegetative propagation methods. Wisteria is most easily propagated by layering. To do this, in the spring, an annual shoot is selected, an oblique incision is made in the middle of its length, the shoot is bent and laid with an incision on a pot with a clay-soddy substrate, the outlet is fixed in this position and added dropwise, leaving the top of the shoot free. It will be possible to separate the rooted cuttings from the mother plant only next spring.

Various publications write that it is possible to propagate wisteria by cuttings or grafting on the roots, but I don’t know anyone who actually succeeded, but my layering took root.

Pests and diseases of wisteria.

Sometimes wisteria is occupied by aphids or clover mites. Aphids are destroyed by an insecticide, and mites by an acaricidal preparation. If wisteria grows in alkaline soil, it can be affected by chlorosis, from which its leaves turn yellow. In the fight against the disease, root dressing of wisteria with iron salts is used.

Types and varieties of wisteria

Chinese wisteria (Wisteria chinensis)

- densely leafy liana up to 15-20 m in height. The leaves are pinnate, large, at first pubescent, but eventually becoming smooth. Flowers in loose racemes up to 30 cm long, light lilac. The fruit is a bean up to 15 cm long. This species has a garden form with white flowers (f. alba) and a form with double flowers (f. plena).

Wisteria profusely flowering, or multi-flowered (Wisteria floribunda),

it is also colloquially “Japanese”, since it comes from the Japanese islands - it differs from Chinese in smaller sizes (only 8-10 m in length), larger leaves up to 40 cm in length and the number of leaves up to 19, a large number of inflorescences on the plant, and also their larger sizes - up to 50 cm in length. The flowers themselves are smaller than those of Chinese wisteria, of a violet-blue hue, bloom gradually, starting from the base of the brush. This species is more cold-resistant than Chinese wisteria. There are garden forms with white, pink, purple double flowers and a variegated form with variegated leaves.

In addition to these two most popular species, beautiful wisteria (Wisteria venusta), shrub wisteria (Wisteria frutescens) and large wisteria (Wisteria macrostachys) are also known in culture, on the basis of which Blue Moon wisteria was bred by American gardeners from Minnesota, capable of wintering in the garden even without cover.

Recognized as one of the most impressive in the world. This chic creeper wraps its velvet paws full of delicate fragrant inflorescences around arbors, arches, houses and any other vertical supports available to it. Wisteria wisteria is considered an exotic and most unusual loach of the legume family. Rich clusters of flowers hang vertically from supports, giving the impression of a picturesque fairy tale.

Each grower dreams of having an exotic beauty on his site, and landscape designers are increasingly resorting to its use when landscaping vertical planes. A brief summary of knowledge about this amazing loach will help you make your choice, learn the basic rules for growing and caring. The advice of experienced flower growers will tell you how to beat the beauty of the plant in your area.

Wisteria belongs to the legume family. It is a climbing plant, reaching 20 meters in length, depending on the species and place of growth. Greens consist of feathery leaves, bright green in color. The flowers are collected in clusters 10 to 70 cm long. The color of the inflorescences varies from white to deep purple hues, sometimes dark red flowers can be found.

Wisteria creepers wrap around the supports strictly clockwise.

As the plant grows, it suppresses neighboring crops, this must be taken into account when choosing a place for planting. Wisteria prefers sunny areas with fertile soil. If you are going to grow this noble plant, you should take into account its toxicity. Groundwater should not touch the powerful loach. Wisteria grows wild in the northeastern parts of America, in China, Japan and Korea.

The most luxurious and abundant in the bosom of nature can be seen in California. In the Sierra Madre, wisteria has grown around an area of ​​one acre. Impressive jungle is an impenetrable carpet, completely covered with flowers. According to some estimates, the weight of this carpet reaches 250 tons. Wisteria creepers are very heavy and require strong supports, otherwise it can break an unreliable structure. The plant is grown to decorate vertical structures such as arches, gazebos, house walls, fences and trellises. Depending on the object, support, choose the type of plant.

Growing Tips:

• By and large, wisteria can grow both on fertile soils and on poor ones. But if the grower wants to achieve abundant flowering and foliage density, it is better to grow it in fertile soil.
• The main condition for the successful growth and development of vines is good sunlight. The plant should be under the sun for at least six hours a day.
• Another necessary attribute for growing wisteria is a reliable support. For such a serious loach, supports are constructed with a base of concrete-cement screed. The best option would be a metal structure, it will not bend under the weight of vines and will not fall under the influence of strong winds.
• If you plan to shade the house with wisteria, pay attention to the roof. It must be strong, otherwise the vines will make their way under it and destroy the structure. The support should be made in such a way that the inflorescences hang vertically, and are not lost in the greenery. In this case, lush and elegant clusters will please the eye.
• During the growth period, it is necessary to monitor the soil moisture. Wisteria loves moisture, but not excessive. Therefore, in constantly damp areas, before planting a vine, the soil must be drained.

It is very important to create close to natural conditions for the vine. Try to choose a site where the root of the plant would be in the shade, and the vine itself in the sun. In the wild, this is how it grows, stretching like a lotus from the darkness to the sun.

Otherwise, wisteria is quite unpretentious and grows on its own, if there is access to the sun during the day, and the soil is moderately moistened.

Wisteria wisteria propagates using seeds or. Since the plant belongs to the legume family, it is propagated like the most common pea. As the vine grows, pods with fruits appear on it - seeds. Beans begin to be planted at the beginning of winter at home. To do this, you need to prepare the ground. Take 4 parts of leafy soil, one part of turf and one part of sand.

Drainage made of expanded clay or broken brick is laid in a flowerpot for planting, prepared soil is poured onto it.

Water the soil a little and plant the beans. Cover the pot with foil and put it in a dark place. The seeds will germinate in about a month. As soon as this happens, immediately expose the container to the light. The plant, which has reached the size of a small bush, is planted in the spring in a greenhouse. When you see that the root system has grown stronger and the bush has grown, transplant it to the planned permanent place.

Propagation by cuttings:

• In the store you can buy ready-made and germinated cuttings of vines. It is better to purchase one-year-old or two-year-old plants. They get along better.
• produced in the spring in a permanent place prepared for the vine.
• The soil needs to be fed.
• When planting, the stalk is cut and shaped. Many flower growers advise making an incision approximately in the middle of the cutting, then it is deepened in the soil along this cut.
• After some time, the plant will give lateral layering.
• In August, the vine to a permanent place.

Whether the stalk is planted in one way or another, as practice shows, it will still begin to grow and trail.

Caring for wisteria is not so difficult. If all planting conditions are met and a good area with sunny constant lighting is chosen, all that is required from the grower is timely pruning. It plays an important role in the cultivation of wisteria. The formation of a creeper requires a constant garter of new shoots. The cut is as follows:

• When planting in the first year of life, the main stem is cut to the bud that is the strongest. Side shoots are pruned. As it grows, the main stem is tied vertically, and the side ones diagonally.
• In the second year of the plant's life, the main stem is cut again according to the same principle as when planting. Horizontal shoots are shortened.
• In the third year of the life of the vine, in addition to the main stem, new leading vines grow. They are also cut and attached to the support vertically. Lateral shoots are shortened and fastened diagonally. Small shoots at the base are removed. It is necessary to constantly monitor the garter, it should not pull the vines and damage them.
• In all subsequent years of the life of the plant and the garter occurs according to the scheme of the third year of growth.

These simple rules of care will help the grower form a luxurious, flowering vine. However, it is worth being patient, the peak of flowering and growth of wisteria falls on the third or fourth year of life. It grows quite slowly. Pruning and garter accelerates growth, but not so much.

In spring and when planting, wisteria should be fed with complex mineral fertilizers containing phosphate-potassium compounds. Be careful with the introduction of nitrogen preparations into the soil.

With their excess, wisteria will not bloom, and the greens will become faded, colorless. In autumn, creepers are lowered and covered in several layers with non-woven material. Many cover the plant with film and roofing material.

Despite frost resistance, the vine must be covered, and quite tightly.

These simple rules of care will help the grower to grow properly. After a couple of years, she will begin to delight with her exotic flowering and beauty.

In landscape design, wisteria is often used. She is the most beautiful and impressive creeper in the world:

• Designers use it for hanging gardens, gazebos and alleys. For example, many experienced flower growers build a series of metal arches along the length of the track. Over time, as the liana grows, the arches become covered with dense greenery, and bunches of flowers hang from the "roofs" of the arches. It gives the impression of a road to paradise. A subtle fruity aroma makes you return to the vine again and again.
• Very often they resort to wisteria if they want to wrap the walls of the house with greenery and luxury of flowers. To do this, tapestries are attached to the walls and a vine is sent along them.
• Designers very often resort to the technique of creating vertical structures covered with wisteria. For example, they are created, entwined with greenery with falling clusters of delicate purple flowers. To do this, lattices are constructed around the perimeter and on top of metal or other durable material. In a year or two, it will be covered with jungle from, and bunches of flowers will hang harmoniously and densely from the roof and on the sides - an incomparable sight. A table, rocking chairs or other pieces of garden furniture are installed inside.
• With the help of vines, you can hide nondescript stone fences, they will turn into the most picturesque hedge in the area. Design solutions will decorate and ennoble the site, and the beauty of wisteria will be the highlight of your garden.

Growing a plant is not difficult, you just need to correctly choose a place for it and build a reliable support. Following the rules for planting and planting, the grower will be able to count on abundant after a couple of years of growth. Wisteria will become your favorite and most unusual garden plant. Good luck in growing the unearthly beauty of the loach!

More information can be found in the video.

Blooming and beautiful plants bring the greatest joy and tenderness to flower growers. One of the most beautiful representatives is Chinese wisteria. To land it on a personal plot means to get a lot of worries. But the beauty of this flower will reward even gardeners who are intimidated by the complex care and cultivation of this plant.

The photos in the flower growers' instructions show falling brushes, which are abundantly strewn with lush inflorescences, and their magical aroma is sure to be an adornment of any personal plot.

Description and types of wisteria

In various sources, you can see the definition of wisteria as a flower or tree. But in reality it is a liana, with falling branches and a stiff trunk. Under the right conditions, namely, in well-drained soil, under the hot sun, the stem of this plant can grow up to 20 meters.

In their natural environment, wisteria are found in the warm climate of Asian countries - Japan and China. This plant has long been planted in America. The young shoot has a rather thin stem, an adult liana can have a tree-like trunk up to 25 cm in diameter. On the trunk of the plant there are branches with lush leaves collected from small leaves.

In the summer, wisteria forms brush-flowers. The inflorescences of different varieties of this plant differ in color - pure white, purple, blue. The flower has a rather complex shape that resembles an orchid. The very pleasant smell of the inflorescence is the reason for the name of the vine. "Wisteria" translates as "sweet".

The fruits of the plant fluffy pods. Due to the structure of the fruit of the creeper, it belongs to the legume family.

Varieties

Today there is 10 Varieties of Chinese Wisteria that are in natural conditions. Flower growers grow only decorative vines. This is wisteria.

How to grow wisteria?

Wisteria - fast growing plants, which immediately cling to some possible support. This quality has made them popular with both landscape designers and novice flower growers who appreciate the romantic style.

For a developing vine, a frame made of thick reinforcement, steel or wood is required. The older the plant, the thicker the stem and the heavier the green foliage. Small wisterias look great in pots as houseplants. The pot must be wide, and equipped with a reliable steel rod. Moreover, the liana in a pot on the loggia looks great.

Planting a vine on a personal plot will require having a secure base. A lot of effort needs to be made and pruning vines. A heavily overgrown, massive plant without proper pruning will break under its weight.

The ideal place for wisteria in the backyard is a well-lit facade of the house, a gazebo wall, or a special canopy. Chinese wisteria needs constant warmth. Only under the sun will it bloom beautifully with a large number of inflorescences.

Experienced flower growers know that all varieties of this vine are rather capricious. Planting and care require great care. We must not forget a number of rules:

• liana, which is planted from seeds, will begin to bloom only after 8 years;
• seedlings purchased in stores take root up to 4 years, before starting flower buds;
• before flowering, it is necessary to fertilize the soil near the roots weekly;
• watering the vine is not necessary much, but constantly;
• sometimes the plant does not bloom at all for several years. This vine needs to be “pushed” by adding potash bait to the ground in the fall;
• nitrogen supplements should preferably be avoided. In legumes, nitrogen creates a strong development of the foliage mass, but not the formation of inflorescences.

pruning

For a more beautiful flowering plant is required trim 2 times a year. Large branches form in the summer, after a couple of weeks, when the brushes dry and fade. In this case, you can correct the frame. Vines of small diameter are pruned in autumn.

In winter, you can not perform these manipulations with wisteria. In winter, the vine forms buds of inflorescences, and you can accidentally cut off the most beautiful and largest.

In autumn, it is necessary to remove all dead parts of the shrub that prevent young branches from germinating. Experienced gardeners recommend looking at the vine from a distance of 7 steps. This way you can better see the difference in color on old branches and new shoots that grow from them.

side branches needed shorten to 20 cm. The size of the old branches is also made smaller so that there are only 5 buds. This will help the vine to concentrate vitality on creating inflorescences on short branches.

In the summer, you can perform the same procedure with side branches, leaving a few leaves on each shoot. It is necessary to cut off large "clinging" branches in the form in which they decided to line the vine. Pruning won't do any harm. Elastic shoots They will grow quite quickly, and will be fixed where they are directed.

How to prepare seeds?

Large pods make the appearance of the plant in spring not very attractive. It is advisable to cut them without removing a significant part of the stem, as there may be inflorescence buds here.

You can plant this plant from seeds that are collected from pods. Do not forget - the new plant will not be identical to the mother vine.

ripe pods put in a large cardboard bag and leave to dry in a warm place. For example, you can leave the package for several weeks on the dashboard of the car. When the pods open, the seeds are easily removed from the shell.

For cultivation, planting in a deep pot is necessary. Seeds are deepened into the ground by 3 cm and watered. It is advisable to use a mixture of soil with the addition of sand for cultivation. The seed pot must be placed in the shade. Many growers cover the pot with glass to protect against heat loss. Water must be added all the time of germination so that the soil is constantly moistened.

When the shoots appear, the pot must be rearranged to a lighted area (not to direct sunlight). When the shoots form several leaves, they transplanted into different containers. You can not transplant small seedlings directly into the ground. Liana must grow no less than 25 cm.

How to grow wisteria in the suburbs?

The natural habitat of this plant is the tropics. In the northern regions, the liana suffers from frost. Many varieties of vines cannot even endure autumn in our climate. The minimum temperature for the plant should be at least 10C. Even when the roots survive in the ground and then create shoots, a frozen specimen will not throw out inflorescences for a long time.

This plant in the Moscow region develops well only with special protection in the winter. Flower growers place seedlings in the first spring not in the ground, but planting in special barrels. For escapes a container with a volume of 45-55 liters is required. Liana needs a strong support, as well as a garter.

In autumn, you need to follow the weather forecast. If at night the temperature drops below 15C, the plant must be moved to the house. It is desirable that it be a basement or cellar.

In winter, the vine is inactive. The plant does not need bright lighting, watering can be done every 7 days. In a heavily heated and bright room in winter, the vine will die. Already from the beginning of spring, the barrel with the plant is moved to the bright part of the room, and watering is done every two days. When the temperature at night is more than 10C, the vine can be placed on open ground.

An adult liana needs to be spudded before winter. At the same time, the plant is removed from the supports, fixed to the ground and covered with straw, leaves, unnecessary clothes. By this time, the bulk of the shoots need to be cut off. With reliable shelter, wisteria can transfer temperature around -22C.

Caring flower growers achieve the survival of the plant for many years, as well as the double flowering of wisteria. Growing vines from mother vines makes wisteria more resistant to frost.

The main disadvantages of wisteria

Certain natural specificity this plant can greatly puzzle the grower who first grew wisteria:

Chinese wisteria creates a magnificent romantic atmosphere in the backyard. This liana will perfectly fit in any landscape design, masks the facades of old houses, as well as dried trees. The aroma of blooming inflorescences is very pleasant to smell, and also cleans the air space from pathogens. Liana care is quite complicated, but the result you get will reward you for all your efforts.

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

Wisteria (Wisteria) is the dream of all gardeners, it ranks first in beauty among perennial weaving plants. The flowering of such a liana resembles a bright colorful waterfall of clusters of flowers, emitting a sweetish pleasant smell. Growing wisteria is actively used by flower growers for decorative purposes. It decorates the walls of houses and arbors, a terrace, a fence, an arch.

Features of growing wisteria of different varieties

Before buying a vine seedling and planting it in your garden, you should find out which species are suitable for our climatic conditions and what are the features of their cultivation. Wisteria as a genus includes 9 species, but only three are suitable for our area: Chinese, frost-resistant, profusely flowering. When breeding such vines, the following conditions must be met:

• Bright sun. Abundant flowering of wisteria can only be obtained in a sunny area.
• A solid foundation. Liana is a climbing plant, and she needs a good, strong support on which she will grow.
• stable watering. Starting from spring and ending in summer, the ground on which wisteria grows must be kept moist. The main thing is not to overdo it, the plant does not tolerate excess moisture.
• Feeding with fertilizers. Like other plants, wisteria needs fertilizer, especially during the budding period.
• Thorough shelter for the winter. Despite the fact that such a vine is a frost-resistant plant, for the winter it is recommended to wrap its rods with leaves, paper, roofing felt or special covering material.
• Pruning. For dense flowering, wisteria is pruned 2 times a year (at the end of flowering, after leaf fall).

If the climatic conditions of your region do not allow you to grow a vine outdoors in the open field, try planting it in a flowerpot, like a standard tree. In autumn and winter, it will decorate the hallway or hall of your home, and in spring and summer it will embellish the terrace or the entrance to the house. To form a crown of wisteria, you will need to prune the young side shoots several times in the spring.

Chinese (Wisteriachinensis)

Tree wisteria is native to China. The plant is characterized by a dense foliage cover, the length of the shoots reaches a height of 15-20 m. The leaf of Chinese wisteria is large (20-30 cm long), has a complex odd-pinnate shape and consists of 7-13 small leaves. Liana blooms with light purple (in rare cases, white) flowers, which are collected in 40 cm brushes and all bloom at the same time. Flowering begins with the appearance of foliage and lasts until the end of summer. Often in early September this is repeated.

Wisteria is a heat-loving and light-loving plant, but it also develops well in the shade. It is not particularly demanding on the soil, but it is preferable to plant a plant on fertile, moist soil. This vine is well adapted to urban conditions, withstands short-term temperature drops to -20C. Wisteria grows quickly, raising the stems along the support from right to left. With systematic pruning, the plant is suitable for growing in pots and tubs.

Frost resistant (Blue Moon)

This plant is native to North America. Wisteria Blue Moon is fast-growing, its maximum length is 8 m. The bush has pinnate leaves (consists of 7-9 leaves) of a glossy dark green color. The inflorescence is abundant and dense, reaches a length of 25-30 cm, consists of bluish or blue-lilac flowers. Frost-resistant wisteria blooms in the first decade of June and blooms for 2-3 weeks.

The main feature of this vine is its good tolerance for extreme cold down to -40C. It is desirable to plant a plant in a sunny area or near the south side of the building. Wisteria grows on any type of soil, but in order to achieve the maximum result in flowering, it is recommended to grow it on black soil or loam. It is not recommended to plant a bush in swampy, calcareous places. This type of wisteria is not picky about watering and tolerates drought well. Only young plants need to be systematically watered.

Abundantly flowering or many-flowered (Wisteria floribunda)

This wisteria was originally bred in Japan. The height of the vine reaches 8-10 meters, has very large leaves (40 cm) with 15-19 small leaves. The size of clusters of inflorescences reaches 50-70 cm. Wisteria blooms after the leaves bloom, in the second half of May, sometimes again at the end of summer. Flowers bloom gradually, starting from the base of the brush, ending with the bottom.

Multi-flowered wisteria well withstands frosts down to -25C. Liana prefers sunny areas with light, moderately moist, loose soil, without stagnant water rich in nutrients. Wisteria multiflora wraps its stems around the support only clockwise. The color scheme of flowers is diverse: white, pale pink, pale purple, reddish.

Wisteria planting rules

You need to plant 1-2 summer wisteria seedlings. When planting a plant, it is necessary to follow simple rules on which the further growth of the plant and its flowering depend. Wisteria should be provided with a brightly lit place with light fertile soil, strong supports along which it will weave in the future, a reliable shelter in the winter season.

Location

Sunlight is very important for wisteria, at least 6 hours a day she needs to be under the sun. But there should be no drafts, the best choice would be the south, southeast, southwest side of the building. For wisteria shoots, prepare and install a durable, strong support that is resistant to wind load in advance. When choosing a planting site, consider the toxicity of the plant, so it is not recommended to plant wisteria near water sources.

Soil preparation

For the abundant flowering of wisteria, light, fertile, well-permeable soil is needed. With an acid reaction of the earth, it is necessary to lime it a little. Just do not overdo it, from a large amount of lime, the liana loses its attractiveness, its leaves become light. Clay soil before planting wisteria must be drained with organic fertilizers. For a seedling, plants dig a deep hole, fill it with humus, river sand, sheet and clay-turf soil, mixed in equal parts.

Best time to drop off

The planting time of wisteria depends on its propagation method:

• cuttings. Spring time is suitable for good rooting. To do this, choose an annual shoot, in the middle of its length, make an oblique incision. The stalk is planted in this place in soil fertilized with a nutrient substrate. At the end of summer, layering with roots is transplanted for its intended purpose.
• Seeds. In December, wisteria beans are sown in a greenhouse in drained soil fertilized with a mixture of leafy, soddy soil and sand (ratio 4:1:1). To preserve moisture, the sowing is covered with glass or plastic wrap, and cleaned in a dark place. After 4 weeks, shoots appear, they are brought to light. When the sprouts grow to a small bush, they are planted in an outdoor greenhouse.

wisteria care

Caring for such a chic liana is not so difficult. It will bloom densely only in well-lit areas, protected from gusts of wind. It is important to constantly tie up wisteria shoots so that they can grow and their tips do not dry out. The vine needs to be trimmed regularly after flowering so that it blooms more intensively next season. If you follow these rules of care, your plant will actively grow and bloom profusely.

From early spring to the end of summer, the soil of wisteria should be slightly moist, then the leaves will have a bright saturated green tint. It is also impossible to pour, the plant does not like too wet earth. During dry periods, the vine is watered more abundantly so that the buds do not crumble due to lack of moisture. In the second half of December, watering is stopped, the plant needs to prepare for wintering.

Fertilizer

Wisteria vines grow to large sizes, so that flowers and leaves have a beautiful decorative look throughout the season, liquid top dressing is required:

• mineral fertilizer. For 1 m2 of territory you will need 10 liters of water and 20 g of fertilizers.
• Compost.
• Tinctures of rotted manure (1:20).
• Chalk solution (100 g per 1 bucket of water).

Diseases and pests

Wisteria is resistant to disease, and due to its poisonous properties, it is extremely rarely attacked by pests. It can be:

• Caterpillars that make holes in the leaves. They are neutralized by spraying a biological preparation.
• Green aphid. It affects leaves and flowers, is destroyed by insecticides.
• Clover mite. It is determined by the unnatural bronze color of the leaves, in which case the vine is treated with acaricides.

How and when to prune a plant

The density of flowering of wisteria, the longevity of the plant depends on correctly performed and timely pruning. Deadlines play an important role here. Pruning of vines is carried out 2 times a year according to the scheme presented below. Immediately after boarding:

• We cut the main shoot of the plant with secateurs to a strong bud (approximately at a height of 75-90 cm).
• We remove all side shoots of the liana to stimulate the growth of the main stem.

1 year, summer:

• We knit the upper shoot of wisteria vertically, and several others at an angle of 45 degrees.

2nd year, winter:

• At a height of 75-80 cm, we shorten the main stem.
• Form a few more horizontal shoots and shorten a third of their length.

Year 2 and before the end of formation, summer:

• Tie the main stem of the creeper to the support.
• Pick up a couple more side shoots and tie them at a 45 degree angle.
• If excess shoots form at the base of the wisteria. Delete her.

• Tie a new main stem of each side branch on the vine and shorten all branches of the 2nd order to 20 cm so that they have 3-4 buds.

Year 3 and beyond:

• We perform similar actions, creating a vertical growth of wisteria and the formation of side shoots.

Wisterias are the main decoration of any garden. After all, their elongated inflorescences, hanging down, multi-colored (from white to pink and purple colors) are pleasing to the eye and look great anywhere in the garden. And the pleasant smell of bunches of flowers only complements the overall positive impression of these lovely plants.

Of course, this plant requires special care, but the beauty of flowering wisteria pays for all efforts.

Origin

Wisteria (or wisteria) is a tree-like vine from the legume family. The birthplace of this plant is the subtropics, the inflorescences of the wisteria are drooping, quite large (about 30 cm), lilac, fragrant and fragrant. There are 9 varieties of these perennials, but Chinese wisteria and profusely flowering wisteria are grown in garden plots.

Name

Wisteria(from Greek γλυκός - sweet), or wisteria(lat. ). This name was given to the vine in honor of a professor from the University of Pennsylvania Caspar Wistar.

Description

Wisteria is an upright tree-like vine.. They do not take up too much space on the site, as they grow up. Because of their shape, they are actively used in landscape design for vertical gardening. These creepers can grow well up fences, along the walls of houses. They decorate those areas in the garden that need to be hidden from prying eyes, and you can also protect other plants from sunlight or strong gusts of wind.

This deciduous plant can grow up to 16 - 17 meters in height (sometimes even higher).

Young foliage is pubescent, can grow up to 27-28 cm in length, the number of leaves can reach 10-12 pieces. The flowers are collected in racemose drooping inflorescences, whose length can reach 25 - 28 cm. This vine begins to bloom in the last days of March, the last inflorescences appear on the shoots in the last decade of August - the first decade of September.

Although this flowering perennial is most often grown outdoors, some flower growers use some varieties for planting in an apartment. At home, wisteria is a small tree that also blooms well. But still, the most popular are the types of vines that grow on the plots. Therefore, below we will talk about the cultivation and care of outdoor species of this perennial.

Location and soil

First, you should choose a suitable sunny area, where the sun is at least 6 hours a day. The soil should be light and loose, slightly acidic or neutral. But alkaline soils with a high lime content can lead to the development of chlorosis in this deciduous vine.

The groundwater level should not come close to the soil surface, as wisteria does not tolerate stagnant moisture in the ground. There must be a sufficient amount of nutrients in the soil, otherwise the plant will grow and flowering will not be active.

Care

Landing

Wisteria is a rather capricious plant. But if you follow all the basic rules for choosing a place, planting and caring for this vine, then active growth and wonderful flowers will delight the owners every year.

This perennial should be planted outdoors in the spring, when the threat of frost has passed. Although this plant has a fairly high resistance to cold (it can withstand frosts down to -18 -20⸰С), it is better not to subject the seedlings to such tests.

Planting pits for this plant are dug up with dimensions of 55x55x50 cm. The soil on the site is preliminarily dug up, introducing complex mineral fertilizer into it (2 tablespoons per 1 m2).

Planted creepers grow slowly, in the first few years it grows only thin stems. And the planted plant will begin to bloom no earlier than in 5 years. But sometimes flowering can begin even after 7 to 9 years.

Care

The ground around these vines must be constantly wet, so it must be watered regularly throughout the season. If there is no rain in the spring, then the amount of watering should be increased, otherwise the buds will crumble. From the second decade of September, the number of irrigations is sharply reduced.

Wisteria is demanding on the amount of nutrients in the soil, therefore, fertilizers should be applied under these bushes during the period of increasing the vegetative mass at least once every seven days. At the same time, mineral (Kemira-lux) and organic fertilizers should be alternated. Top dressing is best applied in liquid form. From organic fertilizers, it is better to apply a solution of cow manure under these plants. Once a season, a chalk solution is added under each bush (a glass of chalk per 10 liters of water).

Blooming brushes with flowers should be removed in a timely manner. Dry or damaged shoots are also pruned. All stems should be tied to strong supports so that the vine grows and develops correctly.

Before the onset of cold weather, high hilling is carried out around the roots, all shoots are untied from supports and laid on the ground. From above they are covered with dry foliage, and from above they are covered with any covering material that does not allow moisture to pass through.

Pests, diseases

These vines are quite resistant to diseases and pest attacks. If only the plant is planted in soil with a high lime content, then the foliage may undergo a disease such as chlorosis. To get rid of this disease, wisteria under the roots is watered with a solution of iron salts.

Occasionally, aphids or clover mites can settle on the plant. Aphids are usually fought by spraying with an insecticide solution, and any acaricidal preparation helps against the mite.

reproduction

This plant can be propagated by seeds, cuttings or cuttings. But many flower growers prefer not to grow wisteria using seeds, considering this method too long and difficult.

Sowing material should be planted in containers in the first decade of December. The soil mixture should consist of:

1. leaf land - 4 parts;
2. sod land - 1 part;
3. river sand - 1 part.

All components are thoroughly mixed and poured into containers. A layer of draining material 3–4 cm thick is poured at the bottom of the container. Seeds are sown in the resulting soil and sprinkled with river sand on top. Top containers are covered with polyethylene and placed in a dark room. The soil should be regularly moistened to prevent the substrate from drying out. The peculiarity of the germination of wisteria seeds is that for this they need complete darkness and an air temperature of 22 - 24C.

The first seedlings germinate about a month after sowing. After 7 - 10 days, wisteria seedlings can be placed on the windowsill, but the first few days are better so that direct sunlight does not fall on the young foliage of vines. When the seedlings have 2 - 3 true leaves, it should be picked out in separate pots. Seedlings are transplanted together with the ground, trying not to damage the delicate roots of plants.

A strong annual stem is the best for propagating wisteria by layering. In the center of the stem, it is necessary to make an oblique incision with a garden knife. A notched piece of stem is placed in a container with a nutrient mixture consisting of clay and sod. The upper part of the stem must be fixed. It is best to tie it to a peg or other support. If such a layer was planted at the end of spring, then in the last decade of August, roots will grow at the incision site, the shoot can be disconnected from the mother liana and planted in a permanent place.

Mature one-year-old stems should be cut into cuttings (the length of the cutting is about 20 cm). Usually cuttings should be cut in the last decade of March - the first decade of April. These seedlings are germinated in containers filled with the following mixture:

• turf - 3 parts;
• peat - 1 part;
• humus - 1 part;
• sand - 1 part.

Partners

At the base of these vines, many flowering plants can be grown, which will look great against the background of wisteria. Best neighbors:

1. tulips (white or dark red);
2. daffodils - bright yellow;
3. hyacinths;
4. imperial hazel grouse.

See also video