Valery Konstantinovich Zhelezov is all about apple trees. Zhelezov Valery. Alternative gardening method (2012) Video course. Other Free Alternative Gardening Education Materials from Life on Earth
"Efficient cultivation of southern fruit crops
in the conditions of the north of the European part of Russia and Siberia"
Garden of Valery Zhelezov Harvest of Apricots 2013 Garden of Zhelezov V.K. (Sayanogorsk)
Friends, I present to you the garden of Valery Konstantinovich Zhelezov - an amazing person who devoted his life to creating a unique Siberian garden, where dozens of varieties of world-class fruit trees grow and bear fruit.
The garden is located in Sayanogorsk, on the border of Khakassia and the Krasnoyarsk Territory, in a temperate climate zone with a sharply continental climate. Steady frosts begin here in November and last until about March. Winter is not snowy, in some years frosts down to -40 occur. And in such unsuitable conditions for gardening, Valery Konstantinovich manages to grow southern varieties of apricots, peaches, plums, apples, pears and other crops unusual for Siberia.
Landscape architect A. Sapelin comments:
Amazing garden! And there is no design in it, and there is no landscape architecture in it, but admiration is boundless. This is how it happens. Siberia and metallurgist Valery Zhelezov, who once, at the market in Sayanogorsk, was surprised to discover for himself the diversity of fruits, not limited to ranetki, and came to the conclusion that considerable gardening could be achieved here too. The 90s came and off they went. The first experiments in grafting, growing, pruning. The first failures, but it is thanks to them - amazing conclusions, sometimes running counter to official science. And now he is already looming on the horizon - a handsome garden with hitherto unseen fruits and crops in these places. Can it be so good? Misfortune is not long in coming. There is a fire: there is no house, no garden, there is nothing that has been done, worked out, and plans have collapsed. But maybe it was this test that helped, maybe it was this that allowed me to look at the garden differently, to start everything from scratch, but taking into account the experience of previous years. And she began, her majesty - selection. Selection, tough and merciless, leaving only the best of the best. Years of victories and disappointments, and the results - convincing doubters and bestowing believers. Now it is a beautiful garden and a beautiful person whom someone idolizes and someone criticizes. But he, in spite of everything, continues to work and I would like to wish him good luck in this.
It all started in 1985. In a casual conversation, I suddenly heard a phrase that turned my whole life upside down: REAL plums grow in the city of Sayanogorsk under construction. I take a vacation, I come, I get to the city market - an exhibition of agricultural products. I walk through the market, I see an amazing picture: sixty people are sitting on the market square, in front of each from one to 10 buckets of selected plums of all colors of the rainbow - yellow, blue, dark blue, black, red, red-pink, yellow-red, etc. d. I go further - giant vegetables, the hostesses immediately offer seeds (from them I grew the first crop in my life - carrots the size of a bottle and beets the size of my head). And then - 500-gram apples of Aport-Almaatinsky, Borovinka, White Bulk, Papirovka, a variety of Ranetki and semi-culturing! It became an event, more precisely, a revelation of my life. The wonderful world of Sayanogorsk gardening opened before me. It was then that the myth collapsed in the minds that only ranetki could flourish in Siberia.
What I saw and studied is a real fairy tale! From that moment on, like many tens of thousands of builders, power engineers and metallurgists in the 80-90s, I became a gardener, I never missed a chance to get another seedling or at least cut off the top. At first - some failures (or dead vaccinations or "freaks"). But after many years, the understanding came that the best fragment (stalk) for grafting is not even the middle of a cut branch (literary sources), namely the lower 2-3 buds, not counting 2 sleeping ones. This important discovery, along with similar others, made it possible to grow plums and apricots up to 2 - 2.5 m high, with a powerful skeleton of dozens of branches and hundreds of mature flower buds, in ONE short summer on 2-year-old rootstocks.
Learned to vaccinate. Instilled like everyone else - in the "stump under the bark." Excellent result. But! Years passed, and already adult apple trees began to dry out or, worse, to collapse under the weight of the harvest. Conclusion - "fixing" a stock with a scion is not right! After trying a few more tricks, he settled on exactly “improved copulation” and “into a stump - into a split.” Excellent, reliable adhesion of the scion to the stock.
The makings of a future breeder showed up in a little trick. Since the summer cottage is not dimensionless, I go to the forest, do a hundred vaccinations for the wild berry apple tree Sibirka, aged 1-3 years. By autumn, I choose the most powerful seedlings (some ALREADY with fruit branches) and transfer them to my garden. Then the first observations appear: the older the stock, the faster the scion; the lower the grafting site, the more powerful the seedling; the lower the grafting site, the fewer dead or stunted grafts.
In the very first spring of 1985, he bought a summer cottage in the Shushensky district (the village of Krasny Khutor). Now it has become a place of pilgrimage for journalists, television, scientists and ordinary gardeners. Over the years, they have eaten tons of delicious fruits in my garden. And it began like this: an old neighbor advised me to plant cultivated apple trees on the berry apple tree Sibirka. She clearly did not read I. Michurin, who "sentenced" Sibirka in one sentence, arguing that stands for frost-resistant rootstocks do not affect the frost resistance of the crown. Yes, and modern authors have not gone far, accusing Sibirka of incompatibility with large-fruited varieties of apple trees. Meanwhile, Sibirka is the only LOCAL resident of fruit trees. And the flowering of Sayanogorsk apple gardening is connected precisely with it.
I, still an inexperienced grafter, got good seedlings, and in half the cases I waited for the harvest of any varieties in the form of cuttings, ordered or brought from European Russia and Ukraine.
Worse was the case with cultivated pears. Everything offered by the local market was inedible or almost inedible. Found in an abandoned garden dozens of old Ussuri pears with annual crazy harvests. Here they are - the long-awaited rootstocks! The result exceeded all expectations. A young pear orchard (third-fifth generation) of world standard varieties passed the exam after the last forty-degree snowless winter. Most varieties of pears "did not notice" it and gave a normal harvest.
Thanks to gardeners unknown to me who brought (God knows when) Chinese (Ussuri) plums, and rootstocks for luxurious southern plums also ceased to be a problem. For southern cherries and sweet cherries, a frost-resistant stock was also found. It turned out to be the Siberian stem cherry, brought in ancient times by the "Stolypin" settlers. For a long life in Siberia, it has grown wild, lost the size and taste of fruits, but as a frost-resistant rootstock it has no equal.
In 1992, a new stage in my life began. For the first time in the history of Russia, land was distributed free of charge to future farmers, but they demanded that I, a metallurgist, pass the exams in gardening. I ran to the library, surrounded myself with books for students of universities and technical schools. It turned out that we need to start with growing a living wall of wild plants protecting from the wind. And this is how many years it takes! Then you need to apply mineral fertilizers (full set) and plow all 5 hectares. Then get only zoned grafted seedlings in state nurseries, etc.
The result - I passed the exam, but everyone did it in their own way. They didn’t apply fertilizers, why poison the LIVING soil. They didn’t plow, why cripple the LIVING soil. Even then, I had seditious thoughts that the health and frost resistance of fruit trees depends primarily on the state of the soil, UNtouched by a plow and a shovel, i.e. from the life of the entire underworld. A cart of earth poured out on top of the turf, and already in it a small hole strictly according to the size of the straightened roots
In the autumn, 1650 READY seedlings were brought from the taiga (literally nearby) - Siberian rootstocks and immediately planted in PERMANENT places. The first years were windy. The most powerful seedlings broke and fell, even when tied to stakes. Adapted. Grafted lower and lower and annually shortened the tops and skeletal branches. The trees turned out to be squat, stocky, with a thick trunk and thick skeletal branches. And the lower he planted, the taller and faster the trees became.
Two troubles came unexpectedly. The partner (a talented engineer) made a career and transferred to Moscow. And by the time of the big harvests, I completely lost interest in the commercial garden - the selection completely captured me. He rented a thriving garden and next spring it burned down - someone set fire to the grass. All the oaths of the "tenants" about fire-fighting plowing and protection remained on paper. All the money spent on equipment, building a house, growing a garden burned down. Future millions in revenues also burned down. The remaining hundred of scorched, but still living trees, for several more years gave fantastic harvests of apples without care and watering (up to 30 buckets from one tree). And what is interesting - namely large, selected apples. I explain this by the fact that the roots have reached the aquifer. It is this example that I use when I criticize in the press the "struggle" of scientific circles with the central root, in scientific terms - "picking". And I call the trees mutilated by the amputation of the central root “childhood invalids”.
So, there are unique experiences, observations and technology alternative to science. Since he didn’t die of a heart attack, he had to quickly turn into a breeder, already without quotes.
Having come to his senses after the tragedy, he took an ax in his hands and cut down with a saw on a summer cottage in the village of Krasny Khutor (25 acres) almost all the old fruit-bearing trees of the first generations (of those varieties that were in many gardens). He left priceless trees that gave me seeds for growing super-frost-resistant rootstocks: Manchurian apricots, Chinese plums, Ussuri pears, Siberian cherries. The most important task - if I am destined to remain poor, then I will grow the best garden in Siberia, and then in Russia.
I started by planting an unmeasured amount of seeds and seeds and growing seedlings. What about cultural grafts? The garden burned down. Cut branches of cultivars in the gardens of my friends with whom I previously shared my clones. Then a hard culling of already one-year-old seedlings. The remaining grafts. He left the best of the best forever IN THE PLACE, sold the rest for the sake of daily bread, or changed them for cuttings of new varieties. The next year, I cut cuttings not from mother trees, but from a new generation. Planted another generation of seedlings. Again left ON THE PLACE the best of the best, And so up to 3-5-7 times. With each generation, annual seedlings grew larger and more reliable to climatic anomalies and in most cases gave stable yields.
It didn't stop there. I wrote cuttings from the best gardeners in Russia, sparing no money, according to the principle - only the best. And he also searched hundreds of gardens and took all the best from there. Of course, this is not all in one year. Instilled everything indiscriminately. Waited for fruiting (about half of the cases) or death of trees (in the other half of the cases). If the fruits are good for everyone, but smaller than expected, he destroyed the trees above the graft and grafted other varieties on the same rootstock, saving time. In some cases, it was possible to get a crop in the second year and quite often in the 3rd-4th year.
I call the super-early Manchurian apricot a gift from God. In addition to frost resistance, huge growth and large yields, he has been giving me seeds for 20 years, seedlings from which lay flower buds for 4-5 years, and in some cases for the third and (do not believe it!) For the second year. It turns out that if you combine super-fast-growing rootstocks and scions with flower buds, it becomes possible to try the fruits in the second year, and if you are not lucky, then in the third. I clarify - when working not only with apricots, but also with plums and peaches.
In order to prolong the age of freezing southern varieties (and this is inevitable at the first stage), he never inflicted wounds on the trunk and skeletal branches. Well, shortening the side branches and tops is a necessary measure, otherwise you won’t grow a powerful tree that is resistant to winds and crops. For himself, he deduced the BASIC LAW OF SELECTION: DO NOT HELP THE BREEDING TREES IN ANYTHING - do not cover, do not insulate, do not treat, do not water, do not replant. This is the only opportunity to promote these particular varieties to the North and East.
Today I walk through the beautiful garden, as if ENCHANTED, and I am surprised - everything is too easy and everything works out. Or maybe it's because I love the garden and try not to hurt him. And every year, the behavior of people is becoming clearer and clearer precisely on their own, well-groomed to insanely beautiful, piece of land. No, we are not descendants of monkeys. We lived in Eden, for unknown reasons we lost our beautiful ancestral home, we became wild and we are trying to realize the love for the perfection and beauty of nature inherent in GENE MEMORY in OUR garden. This is my main proof on the difficult path to God.
Text Zhelezova V.K.,
Used materials from the site: http://sadsib.narod.ru/
http://www.prof-sad.ru/gardens/gardens_20.html
Friends, I present to you the garden of Valery Konstantinovich Zhelezov - an amazing person who devoted his life to creating a unique Siberian garden, where dozens of varieties of world-class fruit trees grow and bear fruit.
The garden is located in Sayanogorsk, on the border of Khakassia and the Krasnoyarsk Territory, in a temperate climate zone with a sharply continental climate. Steady frosts begin here in November and last until about March. Winter is not snowy, in some years frosts down to -40 occur. And in such unsuitable conditions for gardening, Valery Konstantinovich manages to grow southern varieties of apricots, peaches, plums, apples, pears and other crops unusual for Siberia.
Text: V. Zhelezov. Editor: O. Molochnikova
It all started in 1985. In a casual conversation, I suddenly heard a phrase that turned my whole life upside down: REAL plums grow in the city of Sayanogorsk under construction. I take a vacation, I come, I get to the city market - an exhibition of agricultural products. I walk through the market, I see an amazing picture: sixty people are sitting on the market square, in front of each from one to 10 buckets of selected plums of all colors of the rainbow - yellow, blue, dark blue, black, red, red-pink, yellow-red, etc. d. I go further - giant vegetables, the hostesses immediately offer seeds (from them I grew the first crop in my life - carrots the size of a bottle and beets the size of my head). And then - 500-gram apples of Aport-Almaatinsky, Borovinka, White Bulk, Papirovka, a variety of Ranetki and semi-culturing! It became an event, more precisely, a revelation of my life. The wonderful world of Sayanogorsk gardening opened before me. It was then that the myth collapsed in the minds that only ranetki could flourish in Siberia.
What I saw and studied is a real fairy tale! From that moment on, like many tens of thousands of builders, power engineers and metallurgists in the 80-90s, I became a gardener, I never missed a chance to get another seedling or at least cut off the top. At first - some failures (or dead vaccinations or "freaks"). But after many years, the understanding came that the best fragment (stalk) for grafting is not even the middle of a cut branch (literary sources), namely the lower 2-3 buds, not counting 2 sleeping ones. This important discovery, along with similar others, made it possible to grow plums and apricots up to 2 - 2.5 m high, with a powerful skeleton of dozens of branches and hundreds of mature flower buds, in ONE short summer on 2-year-old rootstocks.
Learned to vaccinate. Instilled like everyone else - in the "stump under the bark." Excellent result. But! Years passed, and already adult apple trees began to dry out or, worse, to collapse under the weight of the harvest. Conclusion - "fixing" a stock with a scion is not right! After trying a few more tricks, he settled on exactly “improved copulation” and “into a stump - into a split.” Excellent, reliable adhesion of the scion to the stock.
The makings of a future breeder showed up in a little trick. Since the summer cottage is not dimensionless, I go to the forest, do a hundred vaccinations for the wild berry apple tree Sibirka, aged 1-3 years. By autumn, I choose the most powerful seedlings (some ALREADY with fruit branches) and transfer them to my garden. Then the first observations appear: the older the stock, the faster the scion; the lower the grafting site, the more powerful the seedling; the lower the grafting site, the fewer dead or stunted grafts.
In the very first spring of 1985, he bought a summer cottage in the Shushensky district (the village of Krasny Khutor). Now it has become a place of pilgrimage for journalists, television, scientists and ordinary gardeners. Over the years, they have eaten tons of delicious fruits in my garden. And it began like this: an old neighbor advised me to plant cultivated apple trees on the berry apple tree Sibirka. She clearly did not read I. Michurin, who "sentenced" Sibirka in one sentence, arguing that stands for frost-resistant rootstocks do not affect the frost resistance of the crown. Yes, and modern authors have not gone far, accusing Sibirka of incompatibility with large-fruited varieties of apple trees. Meanwhile, Sibirka is the only LOCAL resident of fruit trees. And the flowering of Sayanogorsk apple gardening is connected precisely with it.
I, still an inexperienced grafter, got good seedlings, and in half the cases I waited for the harvest of any varieties in the form of cuttings, ordered or brought from European Russia and Ukraine.
Worse was the case with cultivated pears. Everything offered by the local market was inedible or almost inedible. Found in an abandoned garden dozens of old Ussuri pears with annual crazy harvests. Here they are - the long-awaited rootstocks! The result exceeded all expectations. A young pear orchard (third-fifth generation) of world standard varieties passed the exam after the last forty-degree snowless winter. Most varieties of pears "did not notice" it and gave a normal harvest.
Thanks to gardeners unknown to me who brought (God knows when) Chinese (Ussuri) plums, and rootstocks for luxurious southern plums also ceased to be a problem.
For southern cherries and sweet cherries, a frost-resistant stock was also found. It turned out to be the Siberian stem cherry, brought in ancient times by the "Stolypin" settlers. For a long life in Siberia, it has grown wild, lost the size and taste of fruits, but as a frost-resistant rootstock it has no equal.
In 1992, a new stage in my life began. For the first time in the history of Russia, land was distributed free of charge to future farmers, but they demanded that I, a metallurgist, pass the exams in gardening. I ran to the library, surrounded myself with books for students of universities and technical schools. It turned out that we need to start with growing a living wall of wild plants protecting from the wind. And this is how many years it takes! Then you need to apply mineral fertilizers (full set) and plow all 5 hectares. Then to get only zoned grafted seedlings in state nurseries, etc. The result - I passed the exam, but everyone did it in their own way. They didn’t apply fertilizers, why poison the LIVING soil. They didn’t plow, why cripple the LIVING soil. Even then, I had seditious thoughts that the health and frost resistance of fruit trees depends primarily on the state of the soil, UNtouched by a plow and a shovel, i.e. from the life of the entire underworld. A cart of earth, poured out on top of the turf, and already in it a small hole strictly according to the size of the straightened roots.
In the autumn, 1650 READY seedlings were brought from the taiga (literally nearby) - Siberian rootstocks and immediately planted in PERMANENT places. The first years were windy. The most powerful seedlings broke and fell, even when tied to stakes. Adapted. Grafted lower and lower and annually shortened the tops and skeletal branches. The trees turned out to be squat, stocky, with a thick trunk and thick skeletal branches. And the lower he planted, the taller and faster the trees became.
Two troubles came unexpectedly. The partner (a talented engineer) made a career and transferred to Moscow. And by the time of the big harvests, I completely lost interest in the commercial garden - the selection completely captured me. He rented a thriving garden and next spring it burned down - someone set fire to the grass. All the oaths of the "tenants" about fire-fighting plowing and protection remained on paper. All the money spent on equipment, building a house, growing a garden burned down. Future millions in revenues also burned down. The remaining hundred of scorched, but still living trees, for several more years gave fantastic harvests of apples without care and watering (up to 30 buckets from one tree). And what is interesting - namely large, selected apples. I explain this by the fact that the roots have reached the aquifer. It is this example that I use when I criticize in the press the "struggle" of scientific circles with the central root, in scientific terms - "picking". And I call the trees mutilated by the amputation of the central root “childhood invalids”.
So, there are unique experiences, observations and technology alternative to science. Since he didn’t die of a heart attack, he had to quickly turn into a breeder, already without quotes.
Having come to his senses after the tragedy, he took an ax in his hands and cut down with a saw on a summer cottage in the village of Krasny Khutor (25 acres) almost all the old fruit-bearing trees of the first generations (of those varieties that were in many gardens). He left priceless trees that gave me seeds for growing super-frost-resistant rootstocks: Manchurian apricots, Chinese plums, Ussuri pears, Siberian cherries. The most important task - if I am destined to remain poor, then I will grow the best garden in Siberia, and then in Russia.
I started by planting an unmeasured amount of seeds and seeds and growing seedlings. What about cultural grafts? The garden burned down. Cut branches of cultivars in the gardens of my friends with whom I previously shared my clones. Then a hard culling of already one-year-old seedlings. The remaining grafts. He left the best of the best forever IN THE PLACE, sold the rest for the sake of daily bread, or changed them for cuttings of new varieties. The next year, I cut cuttings not from mother trees, but from a new generation. Planted another generation of seedlings. Again left ON THE PLACE the best of the best, And so up to 3-5-7 times. With each generation, annual seedlings grew larger and more reliable to climatic anomalies and in most cases gave stable yields.
It didn't stop there. I wrote cuttings from the best gardeners in Russia, sparing no money, according to the principle - only the best. And he also searched hundreds of gardens and took all the best from there. Of course, this is not all in one year. Instilled everything indiscriminately. Waited for fruiting (about half of the cases) or death of trees (in the other half of the cases). If the fruits are good for everyone, but smaller than expected, he destroyed the trees above the graft and grafted other varieties on the same rootstock, saving time. In some cases, it was possible to get a crop in the second year and quite often in the 3rd-4th year.
I call the super-early Manchurian apricot a gift from God. In addition to frost resistance, huge growth and large yields, he has been giving me seeds for 20 years, seedlings from which lay flower buds for 4-5 years, and in some cases for the third and (do not believe it!) For the second year. It turns out that if you combine super-fast-growing rootstocks and scions with flower buds, it becomes possible to try the fruits in the second year, and if you are not lucky, then in the third. I clarify - when working not only with apricots, but also with plums and peaches.
In order to prolong the age of freezing southern varieties (and this is inevitable at the first stage), he never inflicted wounds on the trunk and skeletal branches. Well, shortening the side branches and tops is a necessary measure, otherwise you won’t grow a powerful tree that is resistant to winds and crops. For himself, he deduced the BASIC LAW OF SELECTION: DO NOT HELP THE BREEDING TREES IN ANYTHING - do not cover, do not insulate, do not treat, do not water, do not replant. This is the only opportunity to promote these particular varieties to the North and East.
Today I walk through the beautiful garden, as if ENCHANTED, and I am surprised - everything is too easy and everything works out. Or maybe it's because I love the garden and try not to hurt him. And every year, the behavior of people is becoming clearer and clearer precisely on their own, well-groomed to insanely beautiful, piece of land. No, we are not descendants of monkeys. We lived in Eden, for unknown reasons we lost our beautiful ancestral home, we became wild and we are trying to realize the love for the perfection and beauty of nature inherent in GENE MEMORY in OUR garden. This is my main proof on the difficult path to God.
Just imagine how great it is to have your own orchard, because it is an opportunity to forego shopping in the store and grow organic apples, pears, apricots and other fruits with your own hands.
But the peculiarity of our country is that we live in harsh climatic conditions, because of which a lot of questions arise regarding the independent cultivation of our garden. The video course "Alternative Gardening Method" will help you get answers to these questions, which will tell you everything about the correct planting, grafting and growing fruitful trees.
FROM this video course, you will first of all gain knowledge on how to grow HEALTHY TREES on your site. Get acquainted with my author's methods and finally destroy the myths in your mind, thanks to which gardening is now in decline in our country, and the market is filled with low-quality seedlings and poisoned imported fruits.
This series focuses on materials that teach you to do the right thing at the very beginning of laying the garden. For more than two hours, we will analyze the very basics and the main subtleties of my technique. Let's take the practical steps that will be dealt with in movie #2 of this series, which was filmed a year later (found on DVD #2).
Briefly about the video course
Title: Alternative gardening method
Zhelezov Valery
Created: 2012
Genre: Video course
Translation: Russian
Released: Russia
Duration:~5 hours
File
Format: VOB
Video: MPEG Video, 720x576, ~2557 Kbps
Audio: AC-3, 192 Kbps, 48.0 KHz
The file weighs: 8.59 GB
