Perfect kitchen layout. Kitchen: options and rules for choosing a layout for small and large rooms. small kitchen layout

The kitchen has long been not only a place where food is prepared, but also a cozy room for socializing with friends or gatherings with the whole family. Each hostess presents her in her own way. But what types of kitchens actually exist, and how to competently design your own so that it is truly comfortable and convenient in it?

Types of kitchen layout

Planning is a rather complex issue that often causes controversy. Everyone sees it in their own way and it is very difficult to come to a universal version. It's good if the size of the room allows plenty of experimentation. And if the kitchenette is small, then you won’t particularly run away. Consider the basic requirements for the design of the premises and workspace.

The rule of the golden triangle (in our case, it consists of a stove, refrigerator and sink, which should be located next to each other).
The distance from the stove to any work surface must be at least 40 cm.
The ideal place for a refrigerator is a corner.
The place of washing is determined first. And then the rest of the layout.

This is with regards to the rules for the formation of a comfortable working area. Now let's look at the main types of kitchen layout.

Corner (L-shaped). A universal option for both large and small rooms, but it is still preferable in rooms with an area of 8 sq. m. This layout allows you to easily place all the necessary equipment and provide a sufficient number of jobs. Not suitable for narrow spaces.
Linear (along the wall). Ideal for small kitchens, but leaves little choice for installing appliances. Just the bare minimum.
Parallel (two rows). This option is used only in large kitchens, which are a walk-through (through) room, so we will not focus much on it.
Circular (U-shaped). This layout is well suited for rooms ranging in size from 12 square meters. m and more. It is very convenient in terms of organizing the working space, but you will have to dream up a lot with the dining area.
Island. Only suitable for over 16 sq. m. In fact, this is a linear layout with a small removal (island) separately, the dimensions of which can vary from 1 to 2 meters in length.
Peninsular. This option is well known as a kitchen with a breakfast bar. It is similar to the island, only the "island" here is part of the main kitchen.

Zoning

Unfortunately, in the conditions of an apartment, it is rarely possible to separate the working area for cooking from the dining area. Increasingly, there are options when the kitchen is combined with the living room and divided into zones using various methods.

Furniture zoning is the easiest and most convenient option. It is enough to visually separate the kitchen and the room with a small closet, shelves or at least a sofa so that the boundaries of the territory are visible, but the room remains intact and free.

Zoning with partitions is a more time-consuming method, because it requires a small repair and installation of a partition. Usually it is made of drywall with a height of 70 to 120 cm. It makes no sense to make it higher, because the "transparency" of the room is lost.

Zoning with light is a very controversial technique that requires contacting a specialist. On your own, you are unlikely to be able to correctly arrange the lighting. As a rule, a brighter light is installed in the work area, and an additional chandelier is hung over the dining room (ideally, movable so that it can be lowered above the table).

Zoning with podiums and ceilings is the most expensive of all options, which implies high-quality work by specialists. With the help of a podium (raising the floor), you can separate the working area from the dining area, and different ceiling heights can create the effect of separate rooms.

Design and theme

Of course, every hostess has her own taste. There are many design options using different themes. We will look at the main types of cuisine styles that are popular always and everywhere. Of course, everyone can choose their own design. But before you decide, evaluate your capabilities and budget, consider the arrangement of furniture in the room, see what types of kitchens suit you, it is better to show photos of the options you especially like to the designer in order to create the perfect kitchen together.

classic kitchen

Strict and clear lines, restrained and unobtrusive shades, high functionality and rationality. This kitchen will last for many years and will never go out of style. But even the classics are different. Each designer uses different types of kitchen finishes. All types of classic kitchens involve the use of natural materials. Wooden cabinet doors, handles, walnut or oak finish. Kitchens made in black or dark brown are especially appreciated. As a rule, the classics are monotonous, discreet drawings on textiles are occasionally used.

Country style

It is rustic, very popular lately and suitable for rooms of any size. If we talk about home types of kitchen design, then country is perhaps the most comfortable option. Light and warm shades, natural materials are somewhat reminiscent of the classics. However, the decorations on the furniture and the addition of the picture with various accessories make this style recognizable and unique. Even light scuffs and artificial antiquity look so harmonious here that it is difficult to imagine this kitchen in a different way.

Modern kitchen or high-tech

And this is the complete opposite of country style. There are no natural materials here and glass, metal and modern technologies rule the show. As a rule, all types of kitchens in this style are made in two contrasting colors using clear lines and ideal proportions. The main disadvantage of this design is its high cost. And the types of kitchen facades are far from suitable here.

Provence

We have considered the main types of cuisine, but this is not all. There is, for example, such a direction as soft light shades, thin and elegant furniture, a variety of fabrics and an abundance of house plants. Thanks to these little things, these types of modern cuisine are very cozy and comfortable.

Additional design

Finishes are selected based on design and features. But it is worth remembering that in the design it is important to pay attention not only to the materials from which the kitchen and furniture are made, but also to details such as curtains, lamps and lamps, various accessories, whether it be a basket with artificial fruits or a vase of flowers. Each such trifle creates coziness in the kitchen and allows you to work without irritation even for a long time in a row.

Kitchen materials

When ordering furniture, it is important to consider all the details. Carefully read what types of kitchen materials the manufacturer can offer, because it depends on this how long it will last you. There are many options:

natural materials (MDF, chipboard, solid wood);
semi-natural (MDF with PVC coating);
artificial (plastic, metal).

The choice depends not only on the size of the wallet, but also on what design you have chosen, because all types of kitchens have their own unique material selection criteria.

Furnishings

In addition to the work area, stove and refrigerator, it is extremely important to think about how to arrange the rest of the furniture. A dining area, additional tables, a high chair - all this must be determined in advance in its place.

For small kitchens, use small square tables and a few (2-3) chairs that are easy to push. If the area allows, you can install a large round table in the center. In any case, it is important that the furniture not only harmoniously fit into the design, but also be comfortable.

Kitchen appliances

Any kitchen requires the presence of equipment. For example, both a dishwasher and a modern electric kettle and microwave will fit into high-tech. But the classics require a certain restraint, so a multi-colored trash can or a bright pink stove will hardly be appropriate there. Otherwise, there are no restrictions, because modern appliances are so diverse in design that they are suitable for all main types of cuisine.

Proper lighting

Lighting is a very important part of design. Firstly, it is necessary to think over the location of the fixtures in advance in order to make the wiring, since not all types of kitchens involve any changes in this regard. Here are some tips to help you avoid mistakes when choosing kitchen lighting.

Plan the location of fixtures and sockets in advance, but not before the kitchen design project is ready. This is important, because the lamps should be clearly above the work areas, but there is no need for additional light above the stove.
One lamp for the whole kitchen is the biggest mistake. Of course, in Soviet times this was considered enough, but today progress has stepped far forward. Of course, overhead lighting should be present, but it is extremely important that there are additional light sources for work areas.
The lack of the ability to adjust the light is also a gross mistake. Think over your design so that you can turn on the lighting individually, for example, just above a table or work area. It will also help you save on electricity bills.

The ideal kitchen is not only beautiful design, but also convenience. Therefore, it is important to take into account all the nuances during the creation of the project.

See what types of cuisines are right for you. You can get photos of various layouts from the designer or look at thematic resources.
Discuss in advance the points that are important to you, for example, where you want to place the refrigerator or close any wall defect.
Think about what kitchen appliances you plan to install, because not only the size and layout, but also the number and location of outlets depend on it. It would be sad if the kettle or oven were left without electricity, right?
Remember the golden triangle rule. All the most necessary items should be nearby, ideally at arm's length. That is, standing at the sink, you must reach out without leaving your seat to the cupboard in which plates and mugs dry, as well as to the stove on which the soup boils.
If you have a small kitchen area, do not clutter it up with various accessories and massive furniture. But competent lighting and color choice will help to visually expand the room and create the illusion of spaciousness.
Many people neglect the hood over the stove, believing that it only clutters up the space and does not bring any benefit. And in vain, because it is very important. Firstly, it is getting rid of odors and temperature. Secondly, it increases the service life of the kitchen, because along with the steam, particles of fat also rise up, which are very difficult to wash from surfaces, especially old ones.
Do not install Of course, many housewives will now be indignant. After all, after a hard day's work, you have to spend a lot of time in the kitchen to cook dinner for the family and make preparations for breakfast. Why not combine business with pleasure? In fact, TV not only distracts from cooking, but also from the dinner itself. It has long been proven that watching programs or movies and eating at the same time is a direct path to disruption of the gastrointestinal tract and, as a result, to obesity. Watching cartoons while eating is especially dangerous for children, because this is how you provoke a change in their eating behavior from an early age.

Now you know what the different types of cuisine are called, and these simple tips will help you create a truly perfect one that will last for many years and will please the eye. For a good hostess, it is important that everything is at hand, and warmth and comfort reign in the house. After all, it is much more pleasant to drink tea in a comfortable kitchen with your family than in front of a TV in the living room.

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Ergonomics is something that in the pursuit of fashion trends and cool furniture, we often forget to take into account when designing a kitchen. website armed with a tape measure and figured out how to plan the perfect kitchen, in which everything you need fits, it’s not crowded for anyone and it’s convenient to cook goodies for the whole family.

1. Doors and doors of kitchen appliances and cabinets should open easily and not have serious obstacles in the way of opening. The ideal option for the front door would be if it does not open into the kitchen. If it’s the other way around for you, put limiters so that you don’t spoil the refrigerator or furniture at the entrance with a handle.

2. Competent zoning

storage (refrigerator for perishable products, cabinet for cereals, canned food and household goods)
food preparation (a well-lit and spacious countertop where kitchen items, spices, etc. are located) and food preparation (hob, microwave, oven and extractor hood, you can hang a towel and potholders on the stove handle)
kitchen utensils (pots, pans, etc.)
washing dishes and sorting garbage (sink and dishwasher, in the cupboard under the sink, as a rule, there is a trash can, cleaners and detergents)
serving and dining area (comfortable place for eating)

3. Refrigerator + stove + sink = "working triangle" where we spend most of our time in the kitchen.

Linear (single-row) kitchen

island cuisine

Parallel (two-row) kitchen

Corner (L-shaped) kitchen

U-shaped kitchen

4. Heights of the "triangle" for the greatest functionality, the sites should be located at a distance of at least 1.2 m and not more than 2.7 m from each other.

5. Walk-through kitchen, or kitchen as part of the dining room. In this case, it is necessary to move the zone of the working triangle around the trajectory of the movement of people.

Proven Headset Location

1 . 75 cm between lamp and island

2. 25-30 cm between chair and tabletop

3. 90–110 cm - height of the island

4. 120 cm - space for two chefs

5. 85 cm - floor cabinet height

6. 60 cm - table top depth

7. 30 cm - depth of wall cabinets

6. Aisles in the kitchen-not the same as a workspace for a chef. The minimum width of the aisle is 90 cm, while the working space for one person is up to 110 cm. The dining area (if any) inside is decorated differently, but the size of the passage between the person at the dining table and the wall must be at least 80 cm.

7. Workplace should be left as spacious as possible, without forcing various appliances and without intersecting with non-mobile cabinets and other items. A minimum space of 38–40 cm must be left on the worktop next to the refrigerator in order to be able to conveniently take food out of the refrigerator and put it back.

Comfort, coziness and presentability of the appearance of the kitchen are factors that determine the beauty, warmth of the atmosphere, a sense of home. But in addition to visual sensations, there are practical characteristics, which consist in the convenient use of furnishings and household appliances, as well as the ergonomics of space.

In order for each item to find its place, before repair work, redevelopment or a simple rearrangement of furniture, it is necessary to identify tasks and actions. To do this, it is necessary to develop a design project. In it, the layout of the kitchen is of no small importance, including the configuration and dimensions of the room - the parameters that underlie any design project.

The solution to the problem lies in the spatial binding of wall ledges, beautifully cleaned pipes, communications, and an air duct. As for the decorative design, it can be considered a spicy seasoning for interior design. The primary goal is to link the layout of kitchen furniture to the kitchen space.

Type and type of layout

There are five main types and three types, or subspecies, of furniture layout in the kitchen space:

Linear, or single row.
Gallery, or two-row.
Angular, or L-shaped.
Portal, or U-shaped.
Island view.

Varieties of the main types of planning:

rectangular;
peninsular;
free or unfixed.

Each type, type or variety of kitchen layout has its own positive qualities, as well as disadvantages. But the disadvantages, as a rule, are associated with the dimensions of the premises.

Linear, or single row

The type of arrangement of a kitchen set, widely practiced for a narrow small kitchen with a room width of no more than 2.0 sq.m. The same principle is used in the arrangement of a combined kitchen with a dining or living room, building a working area along the wall with communication systems, and placing the dining area opposite.

The advantage of linear arrangement is the possibility of convenient placement of furniture in very small kitchen spaces, designed for a family of two.

The disadvantages include the limited working space for installing the necessary household appliances.

Angular, or L-shaped

The most convenient variety of all types of kitchen furniture arrangement. A successful layout of a corner kitchen is considered due to the visual approximation of elongated rectangular kitchens to a square. The L-shaped arrangement of the furniture set allows you to organize a full-fledged dining area without violating the rules of the working triangle. At the same time, the working area is completely protected from through movement, and the area near the window gets full access.

The advantage of the corner layout is the ability to install all the necessary household appliances.

The disadvantage is the impossibility of placing the headset in very narrow, as well as large-sized kitchen spaces.

Rectangular configuration

A regular rectangle refers to a unique geometric figure consisting of a square and two triangles. If desired, the square is easily reformatted into an oval, easily transforming into other geometric shapes.

The ideal option is the layout of a rectangular kitchen with linear placement. The standard arrangement of the working area allows you to create a dining area with an elongated table against the wall opposite.

The elongated table will organically fit into the interior with original furniture of complex contours and rounded edges, as well as unusual decor..

There are no rules for placing work surfaces in a rectangular layout. The main criterion is the functional convenience for the hostess. An excellent solution for the L-shaped headset is considered to be a corner sink, as well as organizing a dining table area at the end of the work surface.

Parallel, gallery, or two-row

The layout of a two-row kitchen is possible in a rectangular room, whose width is at least 2.50 sq.m. This arrangement occurs if all the furniture in the set does not fit along the wall in one row.

In this case, kitchen cabinets and household appliances are installed in parallel rows along opposite walls. The main thing is to provide not only a compositional solution so as not to violate the geometry of space, but also a free passage.

With this arrangement of kitchen furniture, a large area is allocated to the working area, but there is no room for a table. In this case, the dining area is transferred to the living room. If it is impossible to transfer the table to the hall, or if there is not enough space in the living room, transforming furniture, a sliding table are purchased, folding chairs are mounted.

The advantage of a parallel layout is its spaciousness, as well as the installation of large and small household appliances.

The disadvantages include the limitation of free space and the lack of a dining area in the kitchen.

Portal, or U-shaped

If the longitudinal wall has a window opening, then the portal furniture placement method is used. The U-shaped layout of furniture is when cabinets and equipment are installed along three free walls with the arrangement of the kitchen-dining room. This arrangement allows you to use all corners, as well as create conditions for isolating the working triangle from the through movement of people.

The positive side is the abundance of places where the maximum number of household appliances is located.

The disadvantage is the difficulty in creating a dining area and the impossibility of organizing a portal layout in very small kitchens.

island kitchens

The layout of kitchens with an island is possible only in spacious rooms with a usable area of more than 20.0 sq.m. The dining area is located in the center of the room, and does not come into contact with the rest of the kitchen interior.

Hence the definition - a kitchen-island, surrounded on all sides by kitchen storage systems. The upper cabinets provide niches for household appliances and kitchen equipment. The lower part of the cabinets is designed to store bulky items. A dishwasher is also installed here.

The central part of the room is occupied by an island with a diverse layout of functionality. It can contain a worktop and a hob or bar counter. There are many interpretations, but basically the island part is a dining area.

A large kitchen equipped with an island is a favorite technique for designers when creating a minimalist style. Simple, practical and beautiful, and most importantly - multifunctional. In the kitchen room should reign space and freedom of movement.

The positive aspects of the formation of the island type lie exclusively in the field of versatility of the room itself.

The only drawback of a kitchen with an island is the inability to translate the idea into small spaces.

Peninsular configuration

A modified version of the island type. The island part connects to the elements of kitchen furniture, forming a peninsula. This headset arrangement configuration is used when redeveloping and combining the kitchen with the living room or dining room. Here the peninsula is a direct participant in zoning. They separate the working part from the dining area.

Not fixed or free

Modern kitchen layout, which is a mix of different types and types of furniture placement. This arrangement can be safely called a kitchen without unnecessary details. A few pieces of furniture can move freely around other rooms.

The biggest plus in organizing such a kitchen lies not in its widespread movement, but in the presence of all kinds of sliding tables and pull-out countertops, shelves and cabinets, which greatly contribute to the workflow. And yet, depending on the mood, the interior of such a plan can always be modified.

The disadvantages of this type include the need for a large space for installing furniture of this kind.

Arrangement of small spaces

The ideal layout of a small kitchen is a single-row arrangement of kitchen unit segments. In some cases, when large household appliances do not fit into a modest kitchen space, they are placed outside of it.

So, for example, a refrigerator finds its residence in the corridor, becoming part of the furniture ensemble of the hallway. The washing machine goes into the combined bathroom, and other household appliances are built into specially equipped niches.

But in the arrangement of the interior of a small kitchen, even the organization of the dining area is out of the question. Only transforming furniture with a multifunctional load, and light folding or folding chairs.

Medium and small household appliances are successfully integrated into a small space. The same can be said about work surfaces, but their dimensions are more modest compared to the traditional sizes of standard kitchens.

What the interior of large, small and compact kitchens looks like with the layout of furniture segments and a set of the most necessary household appliances, shows a short video with collected photos of Moscow designers:

Many women dream of a beautiful and comfortable kitchen, because in this room, willy-nilly, you have to spend a lot of time. Some housewives simply love to cook, others do it out of sheer necessity, but, you see, the cooking process can be made more enjoyable if you purchase a beautiful and well-thought-out kitchen. Fortunately, now the choice on the furniture market is quite large: ready-made kitchen sets, modular kitchens (http://mebel-ya.ru/modul_kuhni/) and custom-made kitchens. Prices for kitchens vary greatly, but each, even the most demanding housewife, today can find what she likes best. She will only have to plan the kitchen of her dreams wisely, correctly arranging hanging cabinets, household appliances, a hood, a sink and a work surface.

How to properly measure the kitchen?

Many kitchen stores provide a home measurer service, but you can do it yourself if you know how to do it.

First, when taking measurements, in no case should you rush. It is best to take a sheet of graph paper and put all the data on it.

First you need to measure the length of all walls with a tape measure, then the height of the ceiling, as well as the exact distance from the door to the corners. Do not forget to double-check all the data received, and only then apply to graph paper.

When planning a kitchen, you should also take into account such values as the height and width of doors and windows. Very often people come to the store for the kitchen, having only the basic measurements of the room: length, width and height. Do not repeat their mistakes, also measure the distance between them, as well as the distance from the windows to the floor, to the ceiling, and then to the corners of the room.

Your plan should also include points such as the location of all kinds of pipes, exhaust vents, batteries, sockets and switches, otherwise the kitchen you bought may simply not fit into your room.

Planning your kitchen wisely

Your kitchen should be planned as conveniently as possible, for this, divide the future kitchen into several working areas: a food preparation area, a food storage area, and a food and dish washing area. Such a conditional division allows you to structure the plan of the future kitchen.

The space between these three zones is called the working triangle, and if all the zones are placed correctly, you will be able to easily move from one coal zone to another. In ready-made modular kitchens, such moments are already taken into account and the work areas are located as conveniently as possible. Now let's move on to other important points to consider when planning a good kitchen.

Between the sink and the hob, it is desirable to place a countertop, about 80 cm wide. It is perfect for pre-treatment of products. In general, there should be a place next to the hob where you can move hot pans and pots. Its width must be at least 50 centimeters.

Near the hob, you should organize the storage of dishes and kitchen utensils. This will save you a lot of time and everything you need will always be at your fingertips. If you purchase the hob and oven separately, and not as part of a stove, then it is better to place them in different places. Firstly, in such a kitchen it is more convenient to cook together, and secondly, the oven can be placed at eye level, and then you do not have to bend down.

If your stove is solid, and the kitchen is straight, you should not put it against the wall. By doing this, you will deprive yourself of a work surface next to the cooking zone. In addition, installing the plate against the wall will contribute to the deterioration of the wall, and the appearance of greasy spots on it. Like the cooktop, the sink should not be placed in the corner of the kitchen for the same reasons - it will deprive you of a comfortable work surface next to the dishwashing area. You can place a dishwasher next to the sink, this will also save you a lot of time, and when loading dishes, the floor will remain clean. When buying a corner kitchen, in no case do not place the oven or dishwasher in its corner. This arrangement can block drawers that are perpendicular to this household appliance.

Place the hood on the hob, its placement height should be chosen depending on the type of working hob. I already wrote about this in the article, "?".

Now about the lockers and the convenience of opening them. If your kitchen is parallel, consider the fact that there should be at least 120 centimeters between two rows of cabinets. Only in this case you will be able to open the doors at the same time from both sides.

Ideal for both rectangular and square rooms from and above, one of the most popular layout options.

With a corner layout, it is advisable to install a sink in the corner, leaving a free countertop on both sides of it. According to the triangle rule, a stove is installed on one side of the sink, and a refrigerator on the other. As for hanging and floor cabinets, it is convenient to store dishes above the sink and dishwasher, and cereals and groceries near the stove.

Direct kitchen: from 5 sq.m

The best option for planning narrow kitchens. In this case, the furniture set is located along one of the long walls. If there is not enough space for floor cabinets, you can use wall cabinets. Looks good on and above.

U-shaped: from 12 sq.m

Perfect for spacious rooms from 12 sq.m. U-shaped layout involves placing the headset on three walls. At the same time, according to the triangle rule, it is necessary to install a refrigerator and a stove on parallel walls, and between them - a washing area with a work surface.

If after arranging the furniture between two parallel walls there is more than 200 cm of passage, it is better to choose a corner or straight layout.

U-shaped for 6 sq.m may be appropriate if. In this case, you can separate the cooking area from the dining area using the bar counter.

Parallel direct kitchens: from 10 sq.m

A kitchen with an island is the best option for large square rooms from 20 sq.m. With this layout, you can place one of the work areas separately from the main part of the furniture. As a rule, the island has a cooking zone or a washing zone. A spectacular option, despite the visual reduction of space. A more benign option could be peninsular cuisine. It is convenient to store kitchen utensils and dishes on the peninsula, and maybe even a dining table.

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