Pergolas in the garden. Classic Mediterranean pergola with your own hands. Construction tools

Many people who are tired among the city hustle and bustle try to move beyond the big cities at least for the weekend. Summer cottages are not always a place for growing vegetables and fruits, much more often they are a recreation area for the soul and body. Small hand-made buildings, such as a pergola, add beauty and convenience to the countryside.

General idea of the pergola

The purpose of the first pergolas in the Roman Empire was to support the vine.

In modern times, such structures most often serve as a decorative element of the landscape. Creeping and creeping plants wrap around the pergola and are used by owners of private houses and suburban areas to create shady places and transitions.

Vine Support

A pergola is one or more arches connected by a crate. Such wooden structures, of course, are a wonderful decoration of the landscape, but they also have functionality.

Creation of a shaded place in the recreation area.
Use as a transition from one place to another.
Division of a suburban area into zones.
Decoration of the main house building.
Masking of old or not very successful architectural structures.
The basis for vines or other creeping plants.

Design features

In its classical form, a pergola is a structure in the form of two-row support pillars connected by an upper ceiling. The pillars are mounted on a specially created foundation, on the upper part of the pergola - trellis filling and joining bars, boards.

The pergola, unlike the gazebo, does not completely hide the sky, through the gaps of wooden materials you can see pieces of air space in any weather or contemplate beautiful climbing plants that are conveniently located on the entire surface of the pergola.

For pillars, strong racks with a height of at least two and a half meters are used. These poles are installed on an individual foundation or these poles are strengthened with metal crutches, digging them in to a depth of 60–70 cm. Another type of pole fastening is to place them in quadrangular metal shoes.

A beam or round logs are quite suitable for pergola racks, but it is not forbidden to make poles from typesetting rails, poles with different types of processing, metal pipes.

So-called girders (beams) are placed on top of the pillars, along the perpendicular to which there are crossbar boards (section 20 by 5 cm).

To build a beautiful pergola, it is desirable to observe certain proportions. The construction in which the height of the pillars is much greater than the distance between them does not look quite harmonious. Therefore, most often they make measurements between the posts along the pergola - 3 - 3.5 m. Pergolas that are too high or very low look ridiculous.

Material selection

According to tradition, wooden structures are used for the construction of pergolas.

Wooden pergola:

light;
durable;
reliable;
solid.

Structures of varying complexity can be built from wooden materials, they fit well together and, if necessary, are easily transferred from place to place.

Traditional wooden pergola

If you want to be original, then take the skinned tree trunks as supports, emphasizing the connection of man with primordial nature.

You can make pergolas with poles from metal structures and decorate them with forged openwork elements.

Looks great metal pergola with openwork forged decor

Sandstone, brick, hewn stone, concrete, metal profile, wire - you can also take as building materials for building a pergola in your suburban area.

Pergolas-passages along the paths using forging and entwined with ivy, ornamental grapes and other suitable plants look beautiful and “airy”.

The materials used in the construction of the pergola can be combined. An excellent option is metal racks made of pipes (diameter 4 cm), to which crossbars of transverse wooden beams are attached.

The introduction of plastic materials into human life can also be used in suburban buildings. But it must be borne in mind that plants take root worse on plastic structures (unlike wooden ones).

Excellent plastic construction will successfully fit into the landscape design of modern suburban areas

Buildings made of stone, although very spectacular, can only be made by a specialist. The processing of monolithic stone is complex and lends itself better to the skillful hands of professionals.

It is somewhat easier to work with a brick. This material can also be mastered by ordinary people who want to decorate their suburban place of residence.

The form

Do not think that the pergola is only rectangular structures. Such landscape decorations can be of other forms:

in the form of a fan;
corner;
multi-level;
wall-mounted;
double row;
single row;
arched;
round;
square, etc.

By connecting several pergolas at once, you can get a whole architectural ensemble of beautiful structures. The choice of material, size and shape of the pergola depends on the style decision of the country house and the site as a whole.

Photo gallery: design features

corner pergola The connection of different shapes and different levels is perfectly intertwined in this pergola Pergolas can be round, as in this photo This type of pergola resembles a fan Arched pergola is very convenient for growing grapes

Location

Pergolas are installed anywhere in the suburban area. They can be free-standing structures or adjoining buildings to the main building. In the latter case, the pergola is securely attached to the wall of a house or other architectural structure. Such structures are static, as opposed to dynamic and directional structures.

Wall-mounted metal construction

Dynamic pergolas "move" along the paths laid on the site, creating a fertile shadow while walking along them. A beautiful corridor of plants climbing along the pergola design will not only become the property of the landscape design of your summer house, but will also help you find the desired coolness on a hot summer day.

This is how walking paths framed by a metal pergola may look like

Inside the pergola, a bench for relaxation or a sculpture suitable for the theme of the landscape style and architecture of the building can be conveniently located.

Inside such a wooden pergola, you can relax and enjoy the beauties of the surrounding nature.

Pergola can be an integral part of the entrance ensemble. In this case, an entrance door is attached to one of the racks.

Entrance structure with pergola

Getting ready to build

We buy materials

The type of materials, their quantity and quality depends on several factors:

chosen design;
dimensions of the future pergola;
your wealth.

To build a pergola, you will need wooden slats, metal pipes (depending on the base material), staples, metal corners, bolts, cords or thick wire.

The main quality of a metal building is its durability and strength. Wooden pergolas have an excellent ability to fit into any landscape corner. Brick buildings are best suited for areas with large areas.

If you are short of money, then the budget option for building a pergola from plastic materials is for you. Such designs can become a harmonious continuation of the entire stylistic trend that triumphs on the hacienda.

Cooking Tools

As assistants-tools for work, you need to prepare:

shovel or drill (for preparing holes for poles);
level (to establish the horizontal or vertical surfaces);
electric jigsaw (for sawing);
tape measure (for measuring);
screwdriver;
drill;
a bowl for mixing the solution;
a stable stool or ladder.

The set of tools may vary depending on the selected materials and the design of the future pergola.

Making drawings

Of course, any building can be implemented most accurately and correctly if you first make a drawing and clearly follow all the parameters.

Drawings can be made by yourself if you are at least a little versed in this. If not, then place an order in a design studio or download a finished project from the Internet. Each of these options has its pros and cons.

Pergola drawing

Drawings and projects to order from specialists can be expensive, but they will be individual and will be able to take into account all the features of your site, the location and purpose of the pergola.

The option from the Internet needs to be adapted to your conditions, since the selected drawings may not always fully fit your idea or capabilities.

Standard design

The main condition for the construction of a pergola is a strict adherence to the parameters. The principle of "measure seven times - cut one" is most suitable for building a pergola with your own hands.

Building a wooden structure

Algorithm for building a pergola from wood:

According to the drawing, we make markings on our site, indicating the parameters of the pergola with pegs.
In the places of the peg, you need to dig 4 holes for support pillars up to a depth of 60 cm.
Holes for poles
We install poles in the pits and fill them with concrete or other bonding mortar. The height of the supports - according to the drawing.
We concrete the base of the support
We are waiting for the mortar to dry completely and attach horizontal support beams (50 by 150 mm). At the beams from the edges, you need to make a rounding using an electric jigsaw. Fastening is carried out with screws (screwdriver).
We fix horizontal beams
Now let's take a look at the crossbars. We set the required dimensions using a tape measure, and cut out the grooves for inserting the crossbars into the support beams. We decorate the edges of the crossbars according to our idea - they can be curly or simply cut obliquely. The size of the crossbars is the same as the beams - 50 by 150 mm.
crossbeams
On top of the crossbars, we install the upper slats (50 by 150 mm) with pre-cut grooves. The edges of the upper crossbars are also drawn according to the drawing.
Attaching the top rails
We attach slopes to the pillars and support beams at a forty-five degree angle using screws for this.

A pergola can be used in this form, but more functional (when placing plants) it will be with trellises at the top, around which creeping flowers will wrap.

Video: making a wooden structure

Instructions for creating a metal pergola with your own hands

A metal pergola, like a wooden one, is also made after a preliminary drawing of the future structure. After acquiring the necessary material, we cut the pipes into fragments according to the specified parameters - for racks, crossbars and stiffeners. It is desirable to treat the pipes with special compounds against corrosion, thereby increasing the service life of the structure.

If there is a welding machine and a specialist who understands this, then the assembly of the structure will take place quickly and without any problems. You can use another option for reliable fastening - using bolts.

Upper part of metal pergola

To make the vegetation more lush, it is possible to stretch a steel wire over the metal structures, stretching it from vertical racks to the earth's surface with a step between elements of 15–20 cm. Green plants will wrap around such a pergola quite tightly, leaving almost not a single centimeter for the penetration of the scorching sun. Beauty, coolness and fresh air - all this can be "received" while being in the shade of this building.

Great place to relax - metal pergola

Pergola functionality

Of course, the most common task that a pergola can do is protection from the hot sun. But this is not the only function performed by the pergola.

A pergola can become a structure used to divide a site into zones. With the help of such a structure, it is easy to create a recreation area in which you can retire and escape from the daily hustle and bustle by reading your favorite book or talking with an interesting interlocutor.
A wooden or metal structure with climbing plants can become a wonderful living "tunnel" leading to a sports field, garage, swimming pool. And how pleasant it is to walk along the path, decorated with such an elegant design!
The wall version of the pergola can be a beautiful entrance to the house.
Demonstration of your favorite varieties of creeping plants is feasible with the help of a pergola. Honeysuckle-liana, climbing roses, clematis, princes will bloom in lush color on such a design and become a luxurious decoration of your suburban area.

The pergola is not exotic, it is a great option for landscape design, which can be implemented in the country with your own hands, spending a minimum of effort and materials, and getting the maximum pleasure and beauty.

Pergola in the country. What is it used for

There is no easier way to decorate your garden than by building a pergola. It does not matter at all whether it will serve as a gazebo, a shady canopy or frame garden paths. In any case, on hot summer days, you can enjoy the shade and coolness that this amazing structure, the pergola, will create for you.

What is a pergola

Simple garden arches, or pergolas, designed to support climbing vines, have been known since ancient times. Even the Roman emperors rested in their shade. Such designs are very practical, easy to install, give the overall picture of the garden nobility and sophistication.

Currently, garden pergolas are widely used in landscape and garden design. Usually, a pergola to support grapes is an arch with lintels about 1m wide. The height of the structure depends on how much the plant planted under it is able to braid the arch completely. For vigorous plants, a pergola up to 4m high is a common occurrence. By installing a series of such arches, interconnected by transverse bars, they get a whole corridor of climbing vines or vines. This is the classic pergola.

To build cozy garden arbors, pergolas are created from several supporting arches, making gaps between them in order to create several entrances. In this case, arches made of wooden slats will be especially cozy, because the combination of the structure of the tree with the greenery of the leaves gives a feeling of special warmth and comfort.

No less attractive are the canopies braided with vines, which, like the pergolas of the gazebo, turn the space of the summer cottage into a cozy courtyard of the times of Ancient Rome.

If you think that pergolas are designed to perform only a decorative role, then you are deeply mistaken. With the help of pergolas, it is possible to divide the entire territory of the site into various zones - economic, recreation area, front entrance and others. In addition, the installed metal pergola for grapes will create additional convenience when cultivating this crop, beloved by gardeners, by autumn, delighting you with a beautiful picture of fragrant clusters against the backdrop of a dense carpet of green vines.

If you want to plant decorative grapes, then even in winter you will admire a densely braided pergola of amazing red leaves.

Varieties of pergolas

Having wondered how to make a pergola with your own hands, it is necessary, first of all, to decide what semantic load its installation will carry:

Decorative (decoration of the site).
Practical (use as a trellis for growing grapes).
Utility (to hide outbuildings from the eyes).
As an arrangement of a recreation area.

When building pergolas, both the size of the site and the general style and location of buildings should be taken into account.

The different shape of the arches will help emphasize the overall style or create the necessary contrast, if necessary, highlight some area.

rounded arches will be able to create a unique atmosphere of oriental courtyards. Arranged tubs with vigorous plants can complete the picture.

Rectangular arches with wide columns complement the classic style. Such a pergola looks good in country style.

Openwork lattices at any time will be able to set up in a romantic way. In addition, they look great on any patch of free space.

Brick or stone arches suitable for large estates. There they additionally emphasize the width and spaciousness.

fan arches very beautiful even without other additional elements.

Fan-shaped arch Openwork lattice Rectangular arch Rounded arch Brick arch

If you are the owner of a large area, install several pergolas scattered throughout the territory. Fancy black and white patterns will amaze any imagination. Of course, you can buy a ready-made pergola, but it is much more interesting and honorable to install the structure yourself.

We build a wooden pergola with our own hands

To build a wooden pergola with your own hands, it is best to opt for a flat roof structure. Wooden arched vaults are much more difficult to install.

For ease of installation, you should also choose inexpensive pine beams and beams. Plus, you don't need any fancy tools. Here's everything you need to stock up for this project:

Saw manual circular.
Drill with a set of drill bits for wood.
Roulette, ruler, pencil.
Hammer, chisel.
Control and measuring tool (level, plumb line, cord).
Means for protection of wood.
Paint and varnish materials, brushes.
4-5 bags of Portland cement brand M-400.
Bolts, washers, nuts for fasteners.

From the materials you will need:

four beams 50x100mm with a length of at least 4m.
nine beams 50x100mm, 3m long.
four beams 100x100 three meters long (then the height of the pergola will be 2.5 meters. If you want higher, take longer beams).

Tip: When choosing a tree for construction, pay attention to the degree of moisture content of the lumber. Raw pine beams and beams can “lead” during the drying process, so buy dry material, or dry it well before starting construction.

So, we make a pergola with our own hands. The step-by-step instruction includes only 10 steps.

It is necessary to cut obliquely the edges of three-meter beams 50x100mm. To do this, measure 120mm along the length of the beam and 50mm along its width.
In the same way, cut the edges of the four-meter beams. Then the pergola in the country will be stronger.
At the ends of the bars 100x100x3000mm, make a spike 50mm thick and 90mm high. To do this, connect all four beams with a clamp and make a cut with a depth of 25 mm from two opposite sides of the beams along their entire width. Sawing should be at a distance of 90 mm from the edge. Cut off the excess with a chisel and hammer.
Treat the prepared elements with wood preservatives, coat them with a primer. Then you can cover the lumber with paint or varnish. Then a do-it-yourself pergola will stand for a long time.
Mark a rectangle 2600x3000mm in the selected place. Hammer wooden pegs in the corners. Check the correctness of the construction by measuring the lengths of the diagonals. They must be equal to each other. Otherwise, move the pegs to meet the equality condition.
In the places marked with pegs, drill holes in the ground for the installation of bars. If you want a do-it-yourself pergola to be stable, then the depth of the wells should be about 50 cm.
Install bars in the holes. Orient them so that the length of the tenon is parallel to the long sides of the rectangle. Using a level and cord, set the racks at the same height.
After mixing the cement mortar, fill the dug holes with it. Using a level and a plumb line, achieve a vertical position of the racks.
After the mortar has completely set, install the four-meter beams on the shelves of the spikes, placing them on both sides of the racks. In this case, the edges of the beams will protrude beyond the bars at a distance of about 400 mm. After drilling through holes, fix beam/post/beam connections with screws and nuts.
Dimension the top of the pergola so that the remaining nine 10-foot beams are evenly placed as crossbars. To fix the crossbars will help long screws screwed in at an angle.

Video. The second way to make a do-it-yourself pergola for grapes

As you can see, to build a simple do-it-yourself pergola in the country, drawings are not needed.

Inside the built pergola, you can install a table with benches, put a cozy sofa or garden swing. By planting strong-growing climbing plants in the corners of the pergola, you can achieve good shading of the entire structure.

Photo of pergolas installed in the country

A huge number of designs of all shapes and sizes, ranging from the simplest do-it-yourself pergola for grapes, to the complex gazebo with a plank floor and an installed barbecue area, amaze the imagination and excite the imagination. By taking individual elements from several pergolas you like, you can create your own, based on your own conditions and preferences.

Photo of a large pergola

Garden Pergola Installation Tips

When thinking about how to build a pergola with your own hands, be sure to follow a few rules. Then the installed structure will not look like an inappropriate bulky structure.

Keep the proportions between the size of your site and the pergola that you are about to install. It should not get lost in a large space. In a small area, a large pergola will be an inappropriate bulky structure.
Constructing a pergola as a place of rest, do not overload it with a large number of crossbars . It must be airy and at the same time sufficiently strong and reliable.
Consider the factor of plant weight gain over time. This is especially true of vigorous grape varieties. In addition, when installing a pergola for grapes, calculate its strength, taking into account the windage of the structure. This factor further limits the height of the pergolas to 2.5m.
Do the job carefully , do not rely on the fact that the greens will cover all your flaws. Remember that in the period from late autumn to mid-spring, you will have to blush in front of your family and friends for unsympathetic design flaws.
Be sure to cover the wooden building with antiseptics and a protective compound. Treat metal with any rust converter and paint.

A well-thought-out and neatly built pergola will delight you for many years, allowing you to be proud of your work in front of family and friends.

Varieties of pergolas. Video

Top best pergola plants

As already noted, often pergolas are created for the purpose of growing grapes . It does not matter what kind of grapes you plant - cultural or decorative (girlish). Both species look great on a pergola.

Perfectly braids the structure and hop , however, this plant requires constant care, as it quickly fills all free space.

Planted near pergolas actinidia, clematis, bindweed, nasturtium and wisteria they are especially beautiful during the flowering period, however, the rest of the time they create a rather dense curtain of leaves and vines.

Vine Actinidia Clematis Nasturtium Wisteria

Remembering the creepers, it is impossible not to note such a plant as wood pliers . Perhaps there is no more beautiful liana, but it is necessary to handle the wood pliers even more carefully than with hops, since its top, which has climbed any tree, will quickly pull up a dense tent of leaves and lianas. A entwined tree dies with a 100% chance.

Chinese lemongrass , planted near the pergola, can not only please the eye, but will also supply fragrant fruits to your table for brewing therapeutic and prophylactic tea, which has a number of healing properties. In addition, bright red berries against a background of yellow-green leaves will serve as an additional charming decor for your garden structure, whether it be a gazebo, a canopy or an arcade. Numerous hop cones and actinidia fruits look beautiful, but in the latter case, a male and female plant will have to be planted.

Tree pliers Chinese lemongrass Euonymus Fortuna ivy "Gold Heart" Hops

Plant near the wall of the house Fortune's euonymus "Silver Queen" or ivy "Gold Heart" . In the shortest possible time, they will fill the entire space with themselves, hiding the wall, and at the slightest opportunity they will rush to get over to the surface of the roof. The special value of these vines is that they can be planted in pots. At the walls of buildings surrounded by concrete paths, this feature turns into an advantage.

Get creative with your garden pergola installation by choosing a design that suits your site. Heed the advice of design experts. Strive not only to fill the empty part of the garden with a bizarre design, but to create a real masterpiece that can amaze the most sophisticated imagination.

Increasingly, unusual architectural structures began to appear in summer cottages, resembling an openwork shelter made of climbing plants. A charming example of human creativity - do-it-yourself pergola, wins more and more hearts of nature lovers. It impresses with its originality, diversity and beauty. This design allows you to create bright floral patterns and a peaceful atmosphere on the garden plot. In addition, a do-it-yourself pergola allows you to create a chic design for a place to relax.

The name of this building comes from the Italian word meaning shed or outbuilding. Indeed, such structures can be adjacent to the living quarters, installed on the roof or stand alone in the garden. If you look at it from the inside, you understand that this is not just a gazebo and not props for climbing plants. The design consists of a set of repeating elements that are connected by bars. Every detail of it is completely covered with greenery or fragrant flowers. Many would like to have such beauty in their backyard, but do not know how to make a pergola with their own hands. A photo, a detailed description, the basic principles for the manufacture of such a structure will help novice craftsmen get down to business.

Types and purpose of pergolas

It is worth noting that the ancient Romans made such structures solely for growing and convenient harvesting. They had no idea how their idea would affect creative people who turned ordinary props into an exotic place in the garden. Traditionally, do-it-yourself pergolas are created from several arches, which are connected by a patterned ceiling. In an instant, such constructions turn a garden path into a fabulous "land" full of secrets and bright hopes.

Due to the variety of shapes and designs of openwork compositions, pergola can perform the following functions:

design of a recreation area;
decoration of the garden space;
reliable shelter from the sun;
arrangement of a summer dining room;
a place for solitude after a hard day;
swing cover;
suitable area;
benches;
dance floor and stage.

From this it is clearly seen that the pergola in the country is an original place for the whole family to relax.

Despite the elegance and beauty of such a structure, it is necessary to carefully select the shape of the structure so that it harmoniously fits into the garden landscape.

Modern designers offer various forms of such structures:

arch;
elongated triangle;
sphere;
rectangle;
wide visor;
corridors of several pergolas.

Let's consider just a few of them.

Awning

Often, such pergolas are attached to a living space and serve as a carport or a playground for small children. An awning gazebo is equipped to demonstrate various flowering plants. You can also comfortably dine with your family in the evening singing birds.

patterned screen

This version of the pergola is installed along the neighboring fences to hide from ill-wishers and envious people. With a screen, the site is successfully divided into zones where small children frolic.

wide visor

In areas with a warm climate, such pergolas are often found. They are covered with dense vine branches that protect the house from the scorching summer sun.

arch tunnel

Along the garden paths, a complex of several metal structures is installed, the decor of which is a pergola. It is an original shelter and green decoration of the garden.

For a tunnel gazebo, you can use various forms of arches and create stylish landscape designs.

It is also important to note the variety of textures of such structures. A pergola with an openwork lattice can be installed even in a small area of \u200b\u200bthe garden. She looks romantic and attractive. A stone structure is suitable for spacious courtyards built in a castle style. A wooden pergola successfully fits into the landscape of country houses and attracts fans of rustic comfort. In addition, pergolas are made of metal, plastic and fittings. They can be with a rounded roof, with kinks, as well as a fan-shaped shape.

When choosing a coating material for a structure, one should take into account the climatic conditions of the territory, especially in winter.

Do-it-yourself pergola - the way to achieve the goal

In our difficult time, when prices are constantly rising, enterprising craftsmen equip their summer cottages on their own. And, of course, they try to make them real paradises. Why not start from the original vacation spot. Those who have heard the word "pergola" and know what it is, will surely begin to create just such a design. It can be made from the following materials:

wood;
plastic;
metal;
aluminum;
fiberglass;
vinyl;
bamboo;
combined options.

When the choice is made, the first step is to determine the appropriate size of the pergola so that it is proportional to the backyard area. If it is small, then the maximum distance between the main racks should not exceed 1.5 m. The main thing is that it is convenient to enter it, given the greenery that grows luxuriantly on the structure. The standard height of the pergola structure is approximately 2.5 m.

When constructing an arch, special attention should be paid to the strength of the connecting nodes and the stability of the bearing supports. Even inexperienced masters understand the significance of these factors. After all, the structure is continuously exposed to the elements of nature: wind, rain, snow and the scorching sun. The do-it-yourself pergola step-by-step instructions shown on the thematic video will help beginners build this original arch. Having carefully reviewed the basic principles of construction, you can safely get down to business and fulfill your dream.

The secrets of creating a pergola from wood

You can build such a unique country garden decoration yourself from lumber or the following types of trees:

larch;
acacia;
pine;

Regardless of the species, the wood must be well dried and treated with a special antiseptic.

The next step in creating a pergola with your own hands is drawings that will help you make all the necessary calculations.

They are the main reference point for the implementation of all work.

supporting pillars;
beams;
crossbars;
crates;
struts;
adjustable anchors;
sand;
gravel;
cement;
tubular formwork.

It is also important to collect the necessary set of tools:

a hammer;
chisel;
wood saw;
self-tapping screws;
metal staples;
clamps;
roof mounts;
sail;
cable;
glue;
stain;
various types of bolts;
screws;
metal bases.

To build a wooden pergola with your own hands, first choose a suitable place on the site and make markings. For this use:

special pegs;
building level;
roulette;
tight laces.

Then they proceed to the installation of support posts (a wooden beam measuring 100:100 mm is ideal). To do this, pits 1 m deep are dug at the corners of the intended structure. Gravel is poured into the bottom, load-bearing supports are inserted and the structure is concreted.

To the top of the pillars, with the help of self-tapping screws, load-bearing beams are attached.
And then crates are installed on the cruciform connection.
At the final stage, the bearing supports are decorated.

The provided drawings of a classic gazebo are considered universal. Therefore, they can be modified depending on personal preferences.

Experienced craftsmen complement classic wood pergolas with a trellis for climbing flowers.

A simplified way to build a leisure area in a summer cottage

Quite often, on the territory of country houses, many erect a chic fence for recreation - a metal pergola. A photo and an understanding of how to make it will help you gain courage and get down to business. In the simplest version, consider the order of work in the construction of this product.

First of all, they draw up a diagram or drawing of the future structure, as well as the amount of material that will be needed for the gazebo.

For the manufacture of metal pergolas with their own hands, a profile pipe with a section of 25 by 50 mm is used.

When the calculations are made, the original plot of the garden is chosen and the markup is made. The next step is the manufacture of the frame. To do this, using a grinder, cut the edges of the pipes at an angle of 45 ° C. After that, they are connected to each other in the form of a square with a welding device.
Then add a few slats for the rigidity of the structure. The design and dimensions of the pergola must correspond to the original drawing of the product. From this depends on its strength and durability.

For the base, two metal profiles are used, connected at an angle of 90 °. Small corners are welded to the upper and lower parts of the structure, which is cut at 45 °. The rigidity of the structure is reinforced with metal jumpers, which are welded at the same angle (45 °).

When installing a metal pergola, it is mandatory to strengthen the bearing supports. The process is carried out using concreting in the same way as for a wooden pergola. The evenness of the pillars is regulated by a plumb line and a building level.

Before installing metal parts in the ground, they must be treated with an anti-corrosion solution.

When the supports are installed, proceed to the installation of the roof. Welded structures are lifted and laid on supports and alternately connected. A jumper is added to each corner to ensure the reliability of the pergola. The finished structure is painted in any color you like.

Decorative stands for climbing plants

Some craftsmen make small pergolas from reinforcement on their plots. Their advantage is that such a design can be made of any shape and even a collapsible type. To do this, washers are welded at the main attachment points and fixed with wrench bolts. In addition, such pergolas can be decorated with forged decorative details. Often they are used as a support for.

For several centuries, gardeners have come up with all kinds of designs of arbors, canopies and openwork arches to decorate them with lush greenery and flowers. And today, even novice craftsmen can easily make a pergola for climbing plants with their own hands and install them in the garden.

This structure is a structure that is used to protect the area from the scorching sun. With its help, they create various types of garden landscape, green fences and even shelters for cars.

To create a pergola, you need to connect several repeating arches with cross bars. In addition, the structure can be independent and adjacent to the building. It all depends on the desire and preferences of the master. It can even be made from such improvised materials:

wooden bars;
metal fittings;
plastic;
plant shoots.

Let's take a closer look at some of the species.

There is no waste in the garden

The original pergola is made from branches using simple materials and tools (axe and rope). To do this, one of the edges of the shoots is sharpened, after which they are tied with a strong rope and set up in the form of a tent. A climbing plant will be able to freely climb the structure, creating shade on a hot day.

Openwork designs for green design

From metal fittings or wooden slats, a wonderful annular column is obtained. First, the main elements are exposed in a circle. Then they are connected with a strong rope. The result is an original support for climbing garden plants.

Arched pergola for the garden

For the construction of the structure, the following materials are used:

metal fittings;
wooden bars;
plastic pipes.

An arched pergola is installed as an amazing support for climbing plants to enhance the beauty of the garden landscape. It serves as an excellent entrance or entrance to the courtyard and a wonderful area for relaxation.

Pergolas with battens

Such structures are made of wooden slats, which are treated with an antibacterial agent and a layer of varnish is applied before assembly. The finished product is attached to the building with screws and dowels.

Original structure for majestic climbing roses

What could be more beautiful than a "living veil" consisting of many bright colors. Red or yellow buds exude a unique aroma when entering a private area. It is even better to enjoy their beauty while sitting in a pergola for a rose, the photo of which evokes pleasant feelings. But before you build it, you must consider the following principles:

The design must be reliable, because climbing roses are very heavy due to the huge number of buds. Therefore, the bearing supports are buried in the ground.
The rose is a majestic flower and should fit harmoniously into the garden landscape.
When choosing the size of the structure, the area of \u200b\u200bthe personal plot should be taken into account.

If it is not possible to build a pergola for roses, you can make trellises that are easy to place near any building.

It is interesting that such a pergola, strewn with many bright flowers, can perform various functions on the territory of a country house:

original transition from one part of the garden to another;
"live" connection between buildings;
unique landscaping of the veranda;
flowering alley garden design.

For the construction of such a pergola, wood, metal, and sometimes stone buildings are used. Forged structures mounted on a stone base look wonderful against the background of the garden. In such a pergola, you can spend hours thinking about the meaning of life, reading interesting novels and just enjoying the surrounding nature.

A unique place to watch the skies

The absence of a cozy cottage outside the city is not a reason to abandon your home paradise. It can be arranged on the roof of a residential building. In metropolitan areas, this type of recreation has been practiced for several decades. Therefore, brave guys equip a pergola on the roof of the house in which they live.

A miniature gazebo made of metal rods against the background of concrete slabs will seem like a real oasis of pleasure. Decorate it with ampelous flowers that exude a delicate aroma and create a light shadow. In the daytime, in such a "tent" you can watch the clouds, and at night you can contemplate the majestic stars.

Pergola - a garden structure for climbing plants, which also serves as a canopy, protects a terrace or a transition between buildings or parts of a garden from the sun.

Being a part of landscape design, pergola decorates the garden plot, helps to zone it and creates a certain atmosphere.

When choosing the appearance of a future pergola, you should decide what functions it will perform.

It could be:

Decorative function, garden and landscape decoration;
Support for plants such as various types of vines, hops, ivy, some varieties of roses;
Sun protection, shade where needed, e.g. over a terrace, a canopy over a car park;
Rest zone. There are pergolas combined with a bench or gazebo;
Garden zoning, the need to hide some area from prying eyes.

Depending on what functions the pergola should perform, the design is chosen.

There are the following types of structures:

awning structure. The main function of this type of pergola is a canopy for shade, protection from the sun. An awning can adjoin the house and become a canopy for a parked car. Or be freestanding and play the role of a gazebo. It will not protect against rain, but it will provide shade on a hot day.
Screen design. The name speaks for itself. This type of pergola will help in zoning when it is necessary to fence off part of the garden.
Visor design. It will also provide a canopy and shade, it can adjoin some building.
Pergola in the form of a tunnel. It consists of several arches connected by horizontal beams. It makes sense to place such a structure above the path or when moving from one building to another.

When choosing a material for a future pergola, the following points should be considered:

The pergola should fit into the overall style of landscape design, match the size of the site. Look easy;
The design must be strong and reliable. Climbing plants usually grow quickly, over time, the load on the elements of the pergola increases;
Watering plants contributes to high humidity, so it is necessary to treat the wooden elements of the pergola with an antiseptic solution and do this regularly.

The pergola can be made to order from specialized manufacturers, bought and assembled from ready-made elements. And you can make a wooden pergola yourself.

Wood is a material ideal for garden buildings, very malleable, environmentally friendly. Plants take root well on wooden pergolas.

Blueprints

Whichever version of the pergola is chosen, it is necessary to start work with the project. It is necessary to prepare a general view drawing in accordance with the dimensions of the future pergola. Dimensions depend on the area of the site and the selected design, are determined by the results of measurements at the installation site.

Example. Drawing of a general view of the design of the pergola in the form of an awning.

Example. A drawing of a general view of the design of the screen pergola.

Example. Drawing of a general view of the pergola canopy.

Example. General view drawing of one of the pergola elements in the form of a tunnel.

As can be seen from the example drawings, in any structure there are necessarily supports, they must be securely fixed in the ground. Support beams are placed on them, to which, in turn, transverse beams are attached, forming a canopy.

The only exception is the pergola screen, which is a fixed vertical lattice panel for climbing plants.

materials

Based on the drawing, the necessary materials and their quantity are determined.

You will need:

Tubular formwork for bearing racks according to the number of supports fixed in the ground;
gravel, sand and cement;
Adjustable anchors according to the number of supports;
Wooden beam 10 × 10 or 15 × 15 cm 240 - 270 cm long by the number of bearing supports;
Boards 5 × 15 or 5 × 20 cm for support beams, their length usually protrudes beyond the perimeter by 15 - 30 cm;
Boards 5 × 15 cm for cross beams;
Boards 5 × 10 cm for the crossbars;
Screws 175mm;
Self-tapping screws 150 mm and 75 mm;
Decorative wooden lattices of the right size and quantity.

All materials must be purchased taking into account the fact that they will be used outdoors. The material needed is high-quality, wear-resistant, for example, wood subjected to pressure treatment. The timber and boards must be free of chips, cracks and any deformations.

To build a wooden pergola, you will need the following tools and fixtures:

Shovel or drill to dig holes for supports;
Container for mixing cement;
Roulette;
Level;
Jigsaw, ;
Drill;
A hammer;
Screwdriver;
Stairs.

Work on the construction of the pergola begins with the marking of the contour at the site of the future construction. To do this, you need pegs and a rope stretched over them. This step is very important, as you can check the perpendicularity of the sides of the structure and determine the exact location of the corners.

The next stage is digging holes for the bearing supports. The diameter of the pits corresponds to the dimensions of the formwork, the depth is 70-90 cm. A layer of gravel is poured into the pits, and the formwork is placed. After the formwork has been set, it is checked with a spirit level whether the forms are arranged in the same way. If necessary, the supports are leveled.

After that happens. At this stage, adjustable anchors are installed in the concrete, they will be needed to install the wooden supports of the pergola. The concrete hardens for 48 hours, then you can add earth around the supports, compact it and install the racks.

Manufacturing and installation of pergola

1. Pergola support posts are made from a beam of 10x10 or 15x15 cm, which is sawn off according to the drawing of the required length in order to obtain a structure of the desired height. Racks are fastened in anchors with the help of special screws - capercaillie. The vertical position of the racks is also determined using a spirit level.

It is possible to fix the timber directly in the cement, without anchors. In this case, it is necessary to pre-treat the ends of the supports with hot bitumen.

2. After installing the vertical supports, you can proceed to the manufacture of support beams. To do this, a 5 × 15 or 5 × 20 board of the required size is sawn off, you can give it an original shape at the protruding ends using a jigsaw.

Before fixing on the support posts, the beams are also leveled with a level, then through holes are drilled through the beams and posts, bolts are inserted, nuts are tightened.

3. The next step is the cross beams.

A 5 × 15 cm board is suitable for their manufacture. The number of transverse beams is determined based on the fact that during installation the distance between them is about 30 cm. It is possible to install them more often, then there will be less light transmission and more shade.

The cross beams are attached to the support by means of grooves that must be cut according to the dimensions of the drawing. After installation in the groove, the beams are additionally fixed with self-tapping screws.

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