Homemade cinder blocks. Do-it-yourself cinder blocks at home. Mortar poured into a wooden mold
Many people ask the question: “Is it possible to make a cinder block at home?”. This is real, especially since making cinder blocks with your own hands does not require special skills and costs.
What is a cinder block?
Cinder block is a building material that is made from cement, slag and sand, which are mixed with water in certain proportions. They have high strength, as well as high heat and sound insulation. They are in high demand among self-builders, as they are cheap, they are quick and easy to lay, and, most importantly, they can be made independently.
It turns out warm and durable, which caused the love of a simple man in the street for them. It is also worth noting the low cost of this material from suppliers, as well as the cheapness of self-production.
Independent production of blocks is quite widely used in the construction of outbuildings and. This is due to the fact that people who make them for the first time on their own are afraid to immediately build a house out of them and, as a test, build a simpler building, where any defects and shortcomings will not be so important.
Most people who have tried making cinder blocks themselves are unlikely to ever buy one, as it is very simple.
Another advantage of cinder blocks is their large size, which significantly increases the speed of construction and reduces the cost of mortar during masonry.
How to make cinder blocks yourself?
Today, self-manufacturing of cinder block has become very common. This allows you to reduce the cost of construction by almost half. The equipment that needs to be purchased for their production can later be reused or sold as unnecessary.
In order to make cinder blocks at home, you will need: slag, sand, cement, water and a vibrocompression unit.
There are no exact proportions of ingredients. So, even with factory production, different manufacturers use their own ratio.
You can also make a vibropress for cinder blocks yourself. To do this, you will need to build a mold for one or several blocks at once and fix a vibrating element with a high frequency and vibration power to it.
Can be made from wood or galvanized metal. You can form holes in the blocks with special cylinders that are fixed in the mold, or with bottles with a straight round body. These holes are required to provide insulation and reduce weight. Their presence in no way affects the strength of the cinder block.
Foreman's advice: it is more advisable to make a mold from wood. It is more durable, creates less noise during operation and, due to the rough structure, polishes the block during vibration. It is also easier to construct with correct angles than a metal mold, and it is easier to remove residual materials from it, which will not allow the formation of defects on your cinder blocks.
Having prepared the mixture for the blocks, it must be put into the mold, and with a small margin, since during the operation of the installation, the material will be pressed and shrinkage. Due to vibration, huge pressure will be exerted on the material, which will ensure tight pressing and removal of air bubbles from the body of the future block.
Then it is necessary to dry the blocks, but you should not do this in the open sun, as drying too quickly can give unnecessary fragility. This is best done in a room with through ventilation, but if this is not available, then a garage or shed may be suitable. Another important requirement is the presence of a flat surface on which the cinder blocks will dry. If the floor is uneven, this can lead to deformation of the blocks, which will greatly complicate the construction process and, possibly, require additional costs for finishing work.
Home-made cinder blocks are in no way inferior to factory ones, and sometimes even have greater strength, which will depend on the recipe.
Making cinder blocks with your own hands is a fairly simple process that does not require expensive equipment and any special materials and knowledge. All you need is a vibroform you can design yourself, water, sand, cement and slag. A certain number of people who themselves produced blocks for their own construction begin to produce them for sale, because this is also a fairly profitable business that can bring you good money. With minimal cost and effort, you can set up a fairly large production of cinder blocks.
Video
Why make blocks?
What do you need to have for this?
What are blocks made of?
How to produce them?
Why is it profitable to create blocks yourself?
What is the profit from this?
Where to start and how to develop this business?
In this article, you will receive answers to all the questions posed and will be able to "turn on" for yourself a reliable source of income that depends only on you.
And so, let's figure it out in order.
Why make building blocks?
You have probably noticed that construction has been going on rapidly for the last 4-5 years. They build from small and medium-sized private buildings: garages, summer cottages, estates, workshops, workshops, agricultural buildings, to large industrial, residential buildings, storage facilities, centers. Construction professionals are in demand like never before.
New building technologies and materials are emerging. But are they always affordable and affordable for a wide range of developers?
Therefore, they are little used in small and medium-sized construction, both in large cities and in small towns.
The most accessible building material is the so-called cinder block and brick.
Moreover, a brick is often inferior to a cinder block in terms of price, thermal conductivity and ease of masonry.
But hollow building blocks are convenient and affordable for most private developers.
Yes, because due to its properties:
Of these, it is easy to build a low-rise (2-3 floors) building (garage, house, cottage, utility block, workshop, etc.) without even resorting to the services of a bricklayer. (1 block = 3-4 bricks);
Walls made of cinder blocks are sound and heat impervious;
The price of a cinder block is lower than the prices of bricks, foam blocks and other building materials due to the cheapness and availability of its components (see below);
Only cinder block can be made by yourself. You can also make adobe (clay-straw brick) yourself.
So how do you make cinder blocks yourself?
What is needed for the production of building blocks?
It is known that the cinder block was produced by reinforced concrete products on special equipment using a steaming chamber. Therefore, the production of a quality block in domestic conditions was not available.
But if there is a demand, then the supply is inevitable. And it is!
Since 1994, the experience in the production of building blocks in the private sector and in small-scale production has given the answer to the question posed.
What does that require?
vibrating machine
- Raw material
- Technology
- Relatively flat ground
- Household network at 220V (no comment).
Let's elaborate on each point.
vibrating machine
There are different designs of vibrators. In the domestic conditions of production and small business, the manual, electric, small-sized slag-block vibrating machine MZ30 (produced for the 14th year) has confidently proven itself in the CIS countries. Popularly known as the "Builder's Dream"
Raw materials
The following components are required for the production of building blocks:
Cement- Portland cement brand 400. Let's say another. But proportions are needed. For example, when using cement grade 300, its consumption should be increased by 10-15%.
Fillers for concrete there can be a variety of materials: sand, crushed stone, slag, granulated slag, ash, sawdust, shavings, screenings, expanded clay, gypsum, brick scrap and other natural and industrial materials.
Depending on local conditions, requirements for produced blocks and cost price, the appropriate filler can be selected. I will list several popular concrete compositions and the main groups of concretes
one). Slag from metallurgical enterprises (gray or dark gray with a high content of cement, seeded fine fraction) - 9 parts
Cement - 1 part
Water 0.5 volume of cement
2). Granulated slag from metallurgical enterprises (yellow-greenish color with a high content of cement, seeded fine fraction) - 4 parts
Fine screening - 4 parts
Cement - 1 part
Water 0.5 volume of cement
3). Other cinder blocks
4). Concrete on sand and gravel
5). Concrete on waste bricks
6). Expanded clay concrete
7). ash concrete
eight). sawdust concrete
nine). Perlite concrete
ten). Polystyrene concrete
and other concretes with different combinations of the above.
Now it is clear that the current name "cinder block" is not the most accurate definition of possible building blocks.
Plasticizing additive is not a required component of concrete. But its presence provides: early strength of blocks (this is very important with limited production areas), improves the quality of blocks (reduces cracking and abrasion of blocks), improves water resistance and frost resistance of concrete.
The amount of additive is very small - about 5g per block.
Manufacturing technology of building blocks:
- Concrete preparation
- Block production
- Drying and storage of finished blocks.
Concrete preparation(on the example of the previously given 2nd concrete recipe)
one). Fall asleep 4 shovels of fine screenings + 4 shovels of granulated slag
2). Pour 1 shovel of cement
3). mix thoroughly
4). Add to 7-9 liters of water + 250 ml (half of a half-liter jar) of dissolved UPD. The additive solution is prepared as follows: pour 0.5 kg of UPD into a 40 liter container and mix thoroughly until completely dissolved.
5). Stir. At the same time, the concrete is qualitatively impregnated with a UPD solution.
Block production
one). Pour ready-made concrete with a small slide into the vibrating machine. Briefly, for 1-2 seconds. turns on the vibrator - the concrete sits, with a trowel, in one movement, level the surface of the slightly settled concrete.
2). Install the clamp and, without much effort, press on it by turning on the vibrator.
Blocks with round and rectangular voids are vibrated for 4-5 seconds. before lowering the clamp on the limiters.
Narrow full blocks (2 pieces) vibrate for 5-7 seconds.
3). Raise the machine with vibration - the block remains on the site.
Drying and storage of finished blocks
When using UPD, finished blocks can be removed from the site and stored after 5-6 hours. Without UPD - in two days.
After this time, the blocks do not crumble, subject to the proportions of concrete and the technology of their manufacture.
I advise you to store the finished blocks in pyramidal piles in one block with a small (2-3 cm) gap between the blocks - for further drying of the side faces.
In each such pyramid there are 100 pieces. It's easy to count. It is useful to mark each pyramid with the date and time of manufacture of the last block. This will come in handy during implementation. On the 4th, 5th day you can ship.
production site
- A room with a flat concrete floor.
It is possible to produce blocks all year round. Good ventilation and heating is desirable in cold weather.
- Open flat area.
It can be concrete or earthen, covered with plastic wrap to preserve the presentation of the blocks (the back side does not get dirty).
- Open, relatively flat area without prior preparation.
On such a platform, you can lay out ready-made blocks on pallets.
Where to start the production of building blocks?
1. Select the optimal local concrete material, considering its cost and delivery.
2. Calculate the cost of 1 block, taking into account the components of concrete.
3. Decide on a production site.
4. Get a vibrating machine.
5. Master the given technologies.
At first, concrete can be prepared by hand. Subsequently, it is more efficient and easier - on an electric concrete mixer with a volume of 0.2-0.5 cubic meters (better than 0.5, taking into account the prospect).
Why is it profitable to create building blocks yourself?
I will give my real costs for aggregate with delivery and cement, calculation of the cost of manufacturing blocks and the payback of the vibrating machine "Builder's Dream" for the production of cinder block in Zaporozhye (Ukraine) in 2004 using concrete from granulated slag (gray) and cement.
Initial data:
8 cubic meters of slag- 30 dollars / car with delivery around the city (KRAZ or large MAZ)
Cement:
Proportion 1:9 - 0.88 cubic meters or 18 bags of $ 3 = $ 54
Vibrating machine price- 200 dollars
Total volume of solution:
Proportion 1:9 - 8 + 0.88 \u003d 8.88 (cubic meters)
The volume of the solution for 1 GOST cinder block:
Total volume: 39cm x 19cm x 19cm = 0.014 (cubic meters)
void volume:
At d \u003d 9.5 cm: 3 x 3.14 x 4.75 ** 2 x 15 \u003d 3188 cc \u003d 0.003188 cubic meters
The volume of the solution per 1 w / block at d = 9.5 cm: 0.011 cubic meters
Table of calculation results:
Note:
1. For a cinder block with 2 rectangular voids, less mortar is required (but the strength of such a block is lower)
2. By replacing granulated slag with a local aggregate for concrete acceptable to you, the prices of your region (in Russia, the retail price of a w / block is higher) and using the dimensions of the cinder block, you can easily calculate the cost of 1 sh / block and the payback of the machine for yourself.
Calculation of profitability and profit:
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We accept initial assumptions: |
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Name |
Value range |
Reference value |
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Time of formation of 1 block (sec.) without UPD | ||
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The number of blocks in 1 hour, taking into account the loading time of concrete in MZ30 sec. (things) | ||
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The number of blocks in 1 day (8 hours) pieces | ||
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Retail price of 1 cinder block (in 2005): in Ukraine |
2.0 UAH ($0.4) 15 rub. ($0.5) |
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Yield(From the previous table it follows that the cost of 1 sh / block is 1/3 of its retail price) |
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To produce blocks per day for the amount of: in Ukraine | ||
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For a month, produce blocks in the amount of: in Ukraine | ||
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The cost will be: in Ukraine | ||
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Profit will be: in Ukraine | ||
Note :
- If you apply UPD, then productivity will increase significantly.
- The record belongs to Viktor Romanov and Sergei Rachmaninoff, who made 700 blocks of 390*138*188 in a day in July 1998
Business development and expansion
1. Hire responsible workers, having adequately interested them. (In our city - 20 kopecks (0.04 cents) per block, in the region - 0.02 cents.)
2. Starting the sale, reduce the retail price, thereby making a worthy competition and getting grateful customers and their recommendations. (Important! The quality must certainly be worthy).
3. In the warm season or in a heated room (regardless of the season), it is possible to organize work in 2 shifts.
4. At the same time, the entrepreneur depends only: on the presence of voltage in the network and on the health of 1 labor force (at the first stage, until payback, you can work with the machine yourself).
5. If appropriate, lease the machine to "builders".
6. Fulfill the orders of "developers" directly on their site, saving them money on loading, transporting and unloading blocks.
7. In addition, - You do not need permission from the State Electronadzor, since all equipment is designed for a regular household network!
Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation of 13.08.97 No. 1013, Gosstandart of the Russian Federation No. 86 of 08.10.2001 and Gosstroy of the Russian Federation No. 128 of 12.24.2001, the list of products requiring mandatory certification does not include building concrete blocks with various fillers (slag, expanded clay , sawdust, etc.), as well as vibroforming equipment for their production.
Thus, the building block business can be developed in stages:
- Start with the minimum cost of purchasing a vibrating machine, 1 machine of local raw materials as a concrete filler, 15-20 bags of cement.
To give free announcements about the implementation of high-quality cinder block.
Produce 800-1000 blocks. Quickly sell out, reducing the retail price.
- Purchase a concrete mixer and the next batch of raw materials + UPD.
Align the price to retail (optional).
Post free ads + paid ads.
- Productively, with accumulated production experience, to produce high-quality blocks, managing to fulfill orders.
It is no longer necessary to give ads: high quality blocks + word-of-mouth advertising will do their job.
Organize 2-shift production of building blocks.
Expand the range of manufactured blocks.
Purchase additional vibrating machines, possibly a concrete mixer.
Recruit hard workers
Have time to spend profits or invest it in a new business that is just as profitable.
What I sincerely wish you!
Success and Prosperity!!
"Catalog of complete business packages" masterdela.info
mailto: [email protected],
Ukraine, Zaporozhye, August 2005
Building a house from blocks is moving faster than from bricks. You can buy them freely, but many make building blocks with their own hands.
Blocks in construction are used not only for the construction of walls. It also speeds up the use of building blocks for the foundation. Of course, these blocks must be very dense: 1.5 tons per 1 cubic meter. Making blocks with your own hands, if you look, is not such a super complicated matter.
Where to begin?
And the beginning of everything is the manufacture of forms.
Forms
On sale there are forms for building blocks with standard sizes. And at home you can make building blocks sizes that suit you. We take sheet metal, cut out the required shape of the workpiece from it and weld the shape. They also make molds from wood, they are good for adobe blocks. The bottom is not needed here. But the handles on the sides will come in handy, it’s more convenient to work with them.
Material for homemade building blocks
What makes DIY building blocks good is that they use material that you already have or you can easily purchase.
Basically, blocks are made on the basis of cement with different fillers, but craftsmen, like manufacturers, sometimes do without it. Depending on the material chosen, it is possible to manufacture home-made building blocks of the following types:
- cinder concrete;
- blocks based on liquid glass;
- adobe;
- chip concrete or arbolite.
How the filler is used:
- ash;
- slag;
- screenings;
- crushed stone;
- gypsum;
- perlite;
- expanded clay;
- sawdust;
- straw;
- broken brick and more.
Blocks without cement
The manufacture of building blocks using this technology is not available to everyone, because liquid glass is present in the mixture. Is it possible to negotiate with the nearest reinforced concrete plant and buy the main component there. The mix will be:
- two dozen parts of river sand;
- one and a half dozen parts of liquid glass;
- 4 parts of chalk;
- 3 parts of slaked lime;
- 2 parts kaolin.
Manufacturing process
- First, the sand is sifted;
- chalk is added;
- everything mixes well;
- slaked lime is introduced;
- kaolin or brick crushed to a state of powder;
- liquid glass.
The feedstock should be homogeneous, pasty. Before pouring this dough-like mass, moisten the molds from the inside. If you wish, you can add color to the building blocks. To do this, add:
- chalk of any color;
- powdered red brick.
Fillers are added to such blocks: slag, expanded clay, shavings. Their strength is high - they are much stronger than cement.
Expanded clay blocks
Expanded clay concrete blocks are one of the types of cinder blocks, where expanded clay serves as a filler.
Compound
- cement - 1 part;
- expanded clay - 5 parts;
- sand - 3 parts;
- water - about one part.
Technology
The manufacturing technology of expanded clay concrete building blocks is, in general, the same as any other:
- the starting material is placed in pre-lubricated molds;
- rammed;
- the form is removed after 10 minutes;
- the product remains in place;
- after 12 hours it is transferred to a place protected from precipitation and direct sunlight.
- in warm weather, the blocks will become hard after a little less than a month.
If you plan to make thick walls (about 0.5 m), then blocks are better with voids. To do this, inserts made of wood are inserted into the mold: round or square. And so that they can be taken out well, before inserting them, wrap them in roofing iron.
Advantages
- light weight;
- frost resistance;
- breathability;
- moisture resistance;
- strength;
- small cost.
A house made of expanded clay concrete blocks is built faster than a brick house, less mortar is needed for masonry.
adobe blocks
Components
For this type of block, the material is literally underfoot. All it takes is:
- clay;
- straw;
- river sand;
- water.
Selection features
In order for the characteristics of the building blocks to meet all the requirements, you need to know something about the features of the selection of components:
- It is better to prepare clay in the fall, cover it with a film and let it winter - this will improve its quality.
- Sand first sift, freeing from impurities.
- Straw can be taken to the field where wheat, rye or barley have just been harvested. If the straw remains from the harvest of the past year, then the quality will not be the same - after all, after lying down, it begins to sing.
How to determine the percentage of components
- clay - 1 cu. m;
- straw - 20 kg;
- sand - 25%.
In order not to spoil the entire batch of blocks, you need to make a small experimental batch. So we do it like this:
- we combine all the components in small quantities and write down the proportions;
- we make a batch;
- form a ball;
- leave in the sun to dry for about 1 hour;
- We throw it on the ground at a height of a meter and a half.
If all the components are matched in the right proportions, then the ball will remain intact. Added more sand than it should? It will break or crack. Not enough sand? The ball will float. So in a practical way, we select the most optimal option.
Training
To prepare the mixture for several dozen blocks at once, you need to make a recess in the ground: round with a diameter of about 2.5 m or rectangular 1.5x2.5 with a depth of half a meter. Line the bottom with polyethylene. Although some kind of ready-made container is also suitable: a trough or an old bathtub. Then everything is as it was done in the old days: we put on high rubber boots and walk, mixing everything until smooth.
Manufacturing
- While the batch is in the manufacturing stage, we are preparing a platform for products: we select a flat sunny place;
- we bring the mixture with buckets;
- filling out forms;
- we compact;
- we remove the excess by drawing a board along the upper edges of the form;
- remove the form.
Finished blocks should dry. This usually takes several days. It is important that they do not get rain. Then they are transferred to a shelter and dried again. Will be ready in 10 days.
A house made of adobe blocks turns out to be very warm and comfortable. In addition, this building material is environmentally friendly, durable, fireproof. It is used for buildings no higher than 2 floors.
Sawdust concrete blocks (arobolit)
The technology for manufacturing blocks from sawdust concrete is similar to the manufacture of adobe blocks, but the components need not be mined, but purchased.
Components
Before you start manufacturing, you need to purchase:
- cement - M300 or higher;
- sand - a fraction no larger than 1.8 Mcr;
- not slaked lime;
- sawdust (coniferous wood).
Preparing the Components
- sift sawdust;
- mix dry cement and sand;
- lime here and mix again;
- add sawdust and repeat the mixing procedure;
- pour water;
- In order for the components to adhere well to each other, we add calcium chloride or alumina sulfate;
- we control the quality of the mixture.
For quality control, roll the ball and squeeze it in the palms. If water flows, then there is too much of it in the mixture, if the ball crumbles, there is a lot of sawdust or sand.
Let's start manufacturing
- We line the form with plastic wrap;
- lay the mixture;
- rammer;
- without removing from the mold, leave to harden for 5 days;
- take it out of the mold and dry it further.
The drying process will take a long time - from 1.5 to 3 months: it all depends on the mass of the block.
Equipment
If the construction is to be large-scale, then it may make sense to invest in equipment for building blocks. For example: there is a mini-machine for the production of wood concrete RPB-1500 BL on sale. Its productivity is 1 sawdust block with dimensions of 19 x 19 x 39 cm per minute. Produced by a Russian manufacturer - the company INTEK.
Vibrating tables are widely used in the manufacture of building blocks. They allow you to solve the problem of ramming mixtures. The vibrating table consists of:
- movable table;
- engine;
- control panels;
- sometimes a transformer is included.
Compaction of the working mixture occurs under the influence of vibration created by the vibration motor.
Working cycle
- on the movable table we set the form;
- put in the mold half or completely dry mixture;
- start the engine;
- drying.
How to choose?
There are 3 types of vibrating plates capable of compacting material by weight:
- up to 75 kg;
- from 75 to 160 kg;
- from 160 kg.
Based on these indicators, you should choose the best vibrating table for yourself.
Manufacturers
They are released by:
- Russian company VPK;
- Stroymash LLC;
- plant "Red Poppy" in Yaroslavl and others.
Vibrating tables are also supplied by foreign manufacturers:
- Spain - Enar and Hervisa;
- Germany - Wacker;
- Italy - Batmatic;
- France - Paclite.
Homemade machine for the production of building blocks with your own hands
The modern building materials market offers a wide range of wall blocks. But not everyone knows that it is quite possible to reduce the cost of building a private house, cottage, garage or utility room. Instead of buying a brick or cinder block, it is enough to start making them yourself. To do this, you need to use a machine for the production of blocks, and if the budget does not allow, make a vibrocompression machine yourself.
Inexpensive factory models of vibrating machines do not have high performance, but this is not required for private use. True, buying a machine for building a small house, where about a thousand standard-sized blocks are required, will not be entirely profitable. Therefore, as an option, you can consider renting equipment for a certain period. This will be enough for the procurement of building materials for the future.
Factory machine for making building blocks with your own hands
Varieties of building blocks
Brick is still the main material in the construction of high-rises, but for low-rise construction it is cheaper to use other building materials. If you exclude wood, which is now expensive, the choice will still be varied. Modern wall materials are made from:
- foam concrete;
- slag concrete;
- aerated concrete;
- expanded clay concrete.
Block characteristics comparison table
As a filler for cinder blocks, a variety of and sometimes exotic materials are used, which are waste products: screenings, glass and brick cullet, sawdust, wood chips.
First, let's consider how expanded clay blocks and cinder blocks are made independently, as the most budgetary among all the above building materials.
Expert Opinion: Cinder Block Making Machine
If you do not have the necessary knowledge and skills to independently manufacture the machine, we advise you to rent equipment. If you want to independently manufacture a machine for the production of building blocks, use only high-quality materials. We advise you to pay great attention to the stage of creating a design drawing and calculate all the nuances in advance. For a sample, take factory equipment or ready-made equipment of friends and acquaintances.
Dmitry Orlov
DIY claydite blocks
If there are no problems with expanded clay in your region, you can consider yourself lucky: expanded clay concrete, despite its cheapness, is rarely found on sale, but this building material is characterized by a whole range of positive properties. For the manufacture of expanded clay blocks you will need:
- actually expanded clay;
- cement;
- sand;
- water.
The main material for creating the mixture will be expanded clay of fine fraction
When mixing the solution, it is important to follow a certain sequence: expanded clay is added to the water, then cement, and finally sand. The proportions of the solution are as follows: for nine liters of water, use 54 kg of expanded clay, 9 kg of cement and 27 kg of sand. You will get a mixture weighing about 100 kilograms, with the output of finished blocks in the amount of 9-10 pieces.
Manufacturing technology of expanded clay concrete blocks
If it is not possible to use a specialized machine (such equipment is not cheap), expanded clay concrete can be produced on a non-industrial scale using special matrices. You will also need an appropriate container for the solution, a flat platform and formwork made of wood or metal in the shape of the letter "E".
To reduce temporary losses and reduce labor costs will allow a concrete mixer - standard equipment in the builder's arsenal. With a shortage of time, the problem is solved by using a vibrating machine; a simple model of such a machine can be made independently.
To do this, it is enough to attach a low-power, but high-speed electric motor to the form, which is turned into a full-fledged vibrator with the help of an eccentric. Matrix oscillations force the mixture to be distributed in the form as densely and evenly as possible, improving the strength characteristics of finished products. Factory-made vibropresses have maximum productivity: professional machines are equipped with additional equipment that automates the process, eliminating heavy manual labor. But such vibropressing machines cost a lot.
Do-it-yourself cinder block production
Expanded clay is an excellent and inexpensive material for making building blocks, but an even more economical way of building is to use cinder blocks. Possessing comparable characteristics in terms of sound and heat insulation, slag concrete is made from materials whose cost is an order of magnitude lower.
The industry is not interested in producing cinder block building material - it is more economically profitable to produce expensive analogues (building blocks made of foam concrete, aerated concrete, brick). But there is special equipment for the formation of cinder blocks on sale, and a lot. The range of prices for such vibrating machines is huge: from simple models with a static matrix, which can be assembled in garage conditions from improvised materials, to fully automated lines.
Cinder block: manufacturing technology
A modern cinder block has dimensions of 188x190x390 mm, a full-bodied building material is characterized by sufficient strength for arranging foundations and multi-storey construction, hollow ones are used in all other cases. The voids can be round, rectangular or square in shape, the number varies from one to 8-10 voids, the voidness index lies in the range of 25-50%. Practically not inferior in terms of strength to monolithic products, hollow cinder blocks can save almost twice as much expensive cement.
For quick and high-quality mixing of the mixture, it is advisable to use a construction concrete mixer
Cinder block production at home is a profitable business idea. Having received from us drawings, a description of the technology for free and with a little effort, you will receive high-quality equipment that guarantees regular earnings!
High-quality cinder block is a building material that is in demand always and everywhere. Due to its large weight and convenient size, it allows you to lay any structures of any complexity and height (from an ordinary extension to a house to industrial workshops).
Equipment for the production of cinder blocks at home
The presence of a vibrating machine will make the cinder block more dense and of high quality, avoiding the formation of unnecessary voids. The vibrator will significantly increase the number of manufactured products. Now you don't have to wait until the concrete blocks are completely set to move on to the production of another batch.
Do-it-yourself vibrating machine for the production of cinder blocks
The best option at home is a machine for 4 sections at once. In order to make such a machine, which allows you to produce about 100 cinder blocks per hour, you first need to download a 3D model of the machine:
- After taking the measurements, cut out the details for the future shape from sheet metal with a thickness of about 2 millimeters.
- Then the sheets are welded together in such a way as to obtain a shape without a bottom. The height of the mold is 50 millimeters higher than the height of a standard cinder block. This is done so that the solution can be applied immediately, and not added over and over again after shrinkage.
- Separately, we cut out pipes equal to the height of the resulting metal mold. They will form the necessary voids. Weld holes at the ends along the diameter, making the pipe “deaf”. So the dried cinder block will be easier to get.
- The cylinders must be connected to each other closer to the top, maintaining the desired factory distance. They must be firmly welded to the lifting cover.
- From the outside of the form, we securely fasten the vibration motor. It will ensure the correct and rapid shrinkage of the solution. Thus, the process of vibrocasting is carried out.
Looking at the 3D model of a cinder block machine, you can easily figure out how it works and what is the principle of its operation. And the dimensions of the model allow you to freely make the same equipment according to the model with your own hands.
The kit contains drawings of a machine for the production of cinder blocks with your own hands and diagrams of simpler models of vibrating machines for the production of cinder blocks:
Note. 3D models are saved in file formats: *.sldasm (an extension of the SolidWorks 3D editor, also supports free eDrawings) and *.step (a standard for exchanging 3D graphics that is supported by most 3D editors, including free ones: FreeCAD, Blender, etc.).
Production of cinder block at home
The cinder block is made in a special form by the method of vibration shrinkage of the concrete mixture poured inside. After the material hardens, the hollowness of the block is about 30% -40% (depending on the shape - round or square) of the total area. The resulting cavities not only save consumables in the production of cinder blocks, but also serve as air cushions for soundproofing. They are also excellent for reinforcing masonry, which gives the walls maximum stability.
During manufacture, it should be noted that the standard size of one cinder block is 39 x 19 x 18.5 centimeters. This is a standard, a generally accepted value, from which builders are repelled during the design and execution of calculations. Therefore, strictly observe the parameters during the home production of building blocks.
For the production of cinder block on your own machine, you will need:
- cement (M400, but better than M500);
- water;
- coal slag;
- gravel (diameter about 10 millimeters);
- sand;
- plasticizer (strengthens and dries blocks much faster in 2-3 days);
- mesh-seeder for cleaning sand from impurities;
- concrete mixer;
- shovel;
- pallets on which you will dry the building blocks.
Attention! When preparing a concrete mix, you should always control the amount of water in the composition. If you exceed the water norm by 30%, then the concrete product will be exactly 2 times weaker !!!
All components of the solution are taken in the following proportion: 7 parts of slag, 2 parts of sand and gravel, 1.5 parts of cement, 0.2% plasticizer and water. The mixture should be wet and crumbly (dramatically different from the mortar for laying bricks). With strong compression in the hand, it should be kept in a lump, and when it falls to the ground, it should crumble. In the process of vibration of the machine, the mixture is compacted and visually, as if, squeezes out water, turning into a liquid solution. This is the natural process of concrete vibrocasting. If the resulting concrete is too liquid, then no vibration resistance will help ensure the integrity and strength of the cinder block, which will not dry out completely, and will soon begin to fall apart.
Financial costs for the production of 1m 3 (71 pieces) cinder blocks with minimum cost goods:
In the production of a durable cinder block (for load-bearing walls), a semi-dry mixture is prepared for thin-walled concrete products. In the article " production of paving slabs"You can get acquainted in detail with the process of preparing a high-quality and durable concrete mixture of thin-walled products.
Note. It should be noted that expanded clay concrete blocks are also produced using the same technology. Only the composition and recipe for the preparation of concrete differs.
Profitability of cinder block production
So, the cost of one square meter of steel sheet will be about $4.3. Buying a motor (you can use a used one to save money) will cost an average of $30. One meter of pipe with a diameter of about 15 mm costs $1.4. In the absence of experience in welding metal structures and the necessary equipment, be prepared to pay another $ 100 to a specialist with the necessary skills.
This means that a home vibrating machine will cost about $ 400. At the same time, the cost of materials for the solution, which is enough to produce a daily norm of 100 cinder blocks, will amount to another $ 30. A month, be prepared to spend $700 on consumables for concrete preparation, etc. As a result, you will need $1200-1300 to start your own business.
How quickly will this money pay off? The cost of one factory cinder block averages about $ 0.7 - $ 0.85. At the same time, home-made products will be sold cheaper, i.e., about $ 0.5. We will take this amount as the basis for calculating profits.
Under the condition of manufacturing 100 pieces of products per day, you can earn about $ 20. The income per month of work in the presence of an established sales will be about $ 600. As you can see, you can not only recoup your investment, but also get a profit in a short time.
As you can see, having your own vibrocasting machine for building blocks can not only simplify and reduce the cost of your construction, but also give rise to a profitable business!
