The "arithmetic" of a metal roof: the required amount of materials. Selection and installation of tiles How many tiles are needed on the roof 4x4

Soft roof materials are consumed depending on the relative position of objects or parts on the roof, the presence of a window, a ventilation pipe and other components. Consumption of shingles calculated for each object individually.

In principle, a tile roof is similar to the plumage of a duck. One element of the coating is superimposed on another. Thanks to the force of gravity that affects, a powerful protection against adversity is created on the entire structure. There may be leaks if the water flow is directed from the bottom up or if the water is pressed under the cover.

In order to correctly calculate the amount of material needed for coating, accurate measurements are taken, pruning, marriage and damaged shingles during the installation process are taken into account.

It is more rational to entrust the implementation of calculations to specialists who install tiles. But, if you are going to do everything yourself or make the correct calculations yourself so that the repair team will lay the tiles, it is important to have a number of knowledge.

Flexible roof tiles- the base used when covering the slope plane. Each shingle has linear characteristics, from which the length and width of all layers are calculated.

Soft roof produced in sheets with fixed numbers, it is sold in a box of ordinary shingles and used on a separate object.

Consumption of bituminous tiles per 1m2 includes the cost of the starting strip and ribs. Do not forget about fasteners, if you calculate the consumption of shingles per 1m2 of roofing, add 80 grams of nails to it. For arrangement, choose those with a massive hat 3 x 1 x 2 cm. When installing the roof, all parts have a double fixation - due to the glued ball. With a slope angle of up to 55°, each shingle is fixed with 4 fasteners, if the slope is steeper than 55°, then the number must be increased to 7 fasteners. The ridge/cornice base is fastened with 4 nails.

How to make the calculation of shingles

To calculate this figure, calculate the number in relation to sq. m., to see its coefficient, what is worth purchasing for all work. Nothing, with correct calculations, should not remain, not even one nail.

For example, shingles calculation on the roof might look like this:

Roof area * Rup * Psl \u003d H (packs) where

Rup - the number of packages.

Psl - the percentage of complexity of the roof, the percentage of marriage and consumables for trimming is read here. For example, you must consider the loss in corner trimming.

N is the number of packages to be purchased. This number should be rounded up.

You can also use this formula:

Packages of bituminous material contain a finished roofing carpet. The weight of the box and its contents varies, but most often it does not exceed 25 kg. When calculating the amount of raw materials, the percentage of complexity of the product is taken into account. If you use strip bituminous tiles or you use "Katrilli", "Jazy", "Foxy" - waste, together with ridge-cornice material, is up to 5%. For other products during the calculation, the waste rate will be from 6-18%.

According to the formula, you yourself will spend shingles calculation on the roof, you may not need a calculator.

Number of boxes \u003d Roof area * difficulty indicator. We divide the data obtained by square meters of the finished roofing carpet.

Flexible roofing for ridges and eaves

Cornice material can be divided into several elements that are used for mounting on skates (used for cornices, and skates).

Calculation of skates for shingles. For 12 linear meters, purchase 1 box;
the same amount of material for cornices, only they are enough for 20 running meters.

As a result, the formula:

Length of all eaves * consumption + stretching of all skates * consumption) * percentage of scrap or material for trimming = number of packages.

Shingles dimensions

The size of bituminous shingles is set by manufacturers, but, despite the diversity, they all follow certain unspoken standards.

Length parameters: 1 m.

Width: it depends on the shape and is:

0.315 (m);
0.333 (m);
0.335(mm).

How to correctly calculate the required amount of material

First you need to measure the roof. This work does not require special skills and knowledge, but a professional measurer with sufficient experience in this matter will do it better.

So, the calculation of a metal tile begins with finding out the dimensions of the roof slopes. Some difficulty in performing calculations can arise with complex roof structures and, as a rule, it is enough to simply calculate a single or gable rectangular roof.

If the developer is independently engaged in this work, then he must remember the main features of the roofing. Sheet materials such as metal profiles or slate are symmetrical, but the shape of the metal tile is completely different - it differs from simple materials, like.

Based on this, it turns out that when laying sheets, you need to choose one direction. Each sheet of material has an upper and lower part, which must be taken into account when working with it: the sheets must not be turned over or mixed up. Because of this, when working with complex roof structures with different internal and external angles (valleys), the consumption of tiles increases significantly, and, accordingly, the amount of waste. Small scraps of roofing are unlikely to be useful somewhere, so the estimate for a roof made of metal tiles is made taking into account these circumstances.

It is also important that the external profile of the metal tile copies the surface of a real tile coating. The step size of the waves is set by manufacturers in accordance with building codes and is 350 mm.

There will be no special problems when choosing a material related to dimensions, since the height of the metal tile profile, just like the width of the canvas, is offered in a standard size. In this case, it is necessary to distinguish between the concept of real width and the effective size of the material.

Description of the material count steps

For correct calculations of the amount of metal tiles you need to know:

how many rows are placed on one slope;
the number of sheets in a row and the length of 1 sheet.

Let's consider each stage in detail:

Counting the number of rows on the slopes. Before that, we measure the slope from the cornice or ridge, divide the resulting value (length) by the useful profile width, rounding up to a larger value. For example, with a slope of 6 m and a standard sheet of metal with a working width of 1.1 m, 6 rows of material will be fixed.

Calculation: 6:1.1=5.45, which when rounded gives a value of 6, that is, six sheets.
Counting the number of sheets for each row and calculating their length. Based on the fact that manufacturers offer sheets to order of any length, the developer needs to know not only the consumption of metal tiles per 1 m2, but also the amount of material in accordance with a certain length of the sheet.

We propose a method for calculating the amount of material, taking into account the length of the sheets.

Initially, the total length of the roofing is calculated, for this, the length of the cornice overhang (usually 0.05 m) and the length of the vertical overlaps of the profiles are added to the length of the slope (from the eaves to the ridge).

If only 1 sheet fits into the length on the roof, then the last term from this formula is removed, but if several sheets are used, then 0.15 m is added for each overlap.

Properly drawn up estimates for the roof of metal tiles, as well as the calculation of the length of the sheets, allows you to reduce the level of waste during installation to a minimum.

Among the assortment offered on the market there is a metal tile up to 8 m long, however, the implementation of its installation and transportation is quite problematic. The most optimal is the order of sheets no more than 4-4.5 m.

Benefits of using standard sheets:

the ability to quickly load and unload roofing material;
use of conventional freight transport (no need for special equipment for long cargo);
a small room with an optimal temperature regime will be enough to store the material;
it is convenient to lift the sheets to the roof, which reduces the risk of their accidental deformation;
the shorter the length of the material, the lower the coefficient of change in its size arising from temperature and climatic changes. In a word, there is no strong stress of the metal, leading to breakage of fasteners.

Experts pay attention to the "forbidden length of the sheet." When using this concept, we are talking about the fact that cutting the material in length along the wave, even if this involves joining the metal tile between the sheets, is not recommended because of the likelihood of sheet deformation. To avoid such problems, it is better to cut the roofing only in certain places of the profile, as indicated in the photo.

Description of the "forbidden" length of the metal tile

Experienced builders, when calculating material consumption, use a special table that indicates the different lengths of roofing sheets.

For example, a residential building with a slope 6.1 m long is proposed. In this case, it is rather problematic to use 1 sheet for installation, so you will have to lay 2 sheets in a row. When calculating the length of the slope according to the formula prescribed above, the following will be obtained:

Ceramic tiles - reliable and durable roofing material, characterized by long service life, reliability and durability.

For the first time ceramic tiles began to be produced by the ancient Romans, and according to some sources, this roofing material appeared more than 3000 years ago in ancient Egypt.

Natural ceramic tiles belongs to elite roofing materials. She has excellent external data and good consumer characteristics. This article will tell about the advantages and features of this building material.

Ceramic tiles have not gone out of fashion for several centuries in a row, being one of the most sought-after roofing materials. People appreciate her attractive appearance, strength and reliability.

natural tile has a long service life(more than 100 years), during which it retains all the original characteristics and properties.

Individual tile elements are small in size, due to which even the most complex roof configurations are covered with material easy and hassle free.

In addition, a ceramic tile roof easy to repair- just replace a few damaged elements - and the roof will be like new.

The tiled roof turns out to be quite massive, all the elements are firmly attached to a powerful crate, while doing an excellent job of soundproofing. Manufacturers of ceramic tiles supply their product to the market in several size options.

The consumption of large-format tiles per 1 m 2 of the working area is up to 10 elements. When using small-format tiles, the material consumption will be 20 elements per 1 m 2. There is more medium format tiles, the laying of which involves the consumption of 10-20 elements per 1 m 2 of the roof.

The weight of ceramic tiles is a very important parameter that must be taken into account when arranging a roof. Installation of this roofing material is several times more expensive than others. And the reason for this is big weight.

The arrangement of the roof truss system will depend on this material parameter. It should be noted that ceramic tiles are being sold by the piece or by square meters.

At the same time, the weight of the roofing material from the warehouse and the weight of 1 sq.m. tiled roofs differ significantly from each other (by 10 kg or more). Ceramic tiles belong to the category heavy roofing materials.

On the one hand, this is bad, because you have to spend extra money on arranging a more powerful truss system. On the other hand, the large weight of natural tiles is an advantage, because a roof made of such material be reliable and last a long time.

Roofing from ceramic tiles absorbs noise very well. If any of the elements has become unusable, it can be easily replaced with a new one. Tiles natural in the classic format has a weight of about 4.5 kg / one element.

Material consumption will depend from the size of the tiled elements and will be approximately 10-12 pieces per 1 sq.m. roof area. Simple calculations help to find out that about 50 kg of natural tiles fit on one square meter of the roof.

Natural ceramic tiles - piece material, with a range of advantages.

At ceramic tiles - presentable and attractive appearance, it is much easier and cheaper to repair than sheet roofing material. Agree, replacing two or three ceramic elements is much easier than re-roofing the entire roof.

The aesthetic characteristics of natural tiles are universal and make it possible to use the material in roofing work. on any object. When installing ceramic tiles, only the power of the truss system matters, on which, in fact, the material is laid.

In the surface of individual elements of natural tiles there are microscopic cavities that provide the roof with good thermal and sound insulation.

Assortment of natural ceramic tiles wide enough. On sale you can find such material with various decorative coatings - glaze, engobing, etc. tiles differ in their shape. It can be grooved, flat, grooved.

Due to the large weight and the need for additional material costs for the arrangement of a good truss system, ceramic tiles are not widely used in construction. The advantages of this roofing material include the following factors:

High level of reliability;
Fire safety, natural tiles do not support combustion;
Excellent soundproofing characteristics;
Ecological purity of the material;
Frost resistance (unlimited number of freezing and thawing cycles);
Resistance to ultraviolet rays;
Low degree of thermal conductivity;
Excellent thermal and waterproofing characteristics;
Resistance to temperature changes;
Attractive and chic appearance.

Among the disadvantages of ceramic tiles allocate:

Brittleness of the material. Ceramic tiles break even from a slight mechanical impact;
High price. For some consumers, the high cost of ceramic tiles is a significant disadvantage. But here it is worth considering that for a high price, the buyer receives a high quality product;

big weight, which entails additional material costs for the construction of a more durable and powerful truss system.

Also watch an informative video about the characteristics of ceramic tiles

Metal shingles have a reputation for being modern, sophisticated and easy to install roofing. Before fixing this material, they must make calculations, taking into account the size of one sheet, the shape of the roofs, the step of the crate and some other nuances.

Calculation of metal tiles on the roof

There will be no doubts about the quality of the installation of a metal tile roof if you determine in advance the optimal size of the sheet and calculate how many self-tapping screws are required. When calculating the amount of metal tiles, pay attention to the shape of the roof, which can be not only single-pitched or gable, but also complex, for example, hip.

Sheet metal dimensions

Width and length, and hence the area of a sheet of metal tiles is conditionally divided into two types: full and useful. The first type refers to the value that is measured from one to the other edge of the product, and the second - the size without taking into account those centimeters that are lost when creating overlaps.

When purchasing material, it is the useful width and length that are taken into account. In other words, the calculated amount of building materials is rounded up.

The useful width is the width without overlaps.

The length of a sheet of metal tiles varies from 40 cm to 8 m, and the width is between 116 and 119 cm. The length of the product in the transverse direction is not paid much attention. Much more important is the length of the tile sheet. The optimal size is 4.5 m.

A smart builder will prefer to use sheets whose length matches the distance from the ridge to the roof eaves. He will refuse this idea only if the ridge board is located too far from the upper edge of the walls. Still, lifting sheets 6–8 m long upstairs at home is a very difficult task. In addition, huge pieces of material during the ascent to the roof can severely scratch the walls.

When the dimensions of the roof do not allow covering it with one sheet of metal tile from the eaves to the ridge, they buy material longer than necessary, and simply cut off the extra centimeters. Short sheets are not taken: they will have to be mounted with an overlap, which will lead to a significant waste of material and stupid waste.

Calculation of self-tapping screws for fixing metal tiles

When installing metal tiles, self-tapping screws of different sizes are used:

4.8x35 mm or 4.8x20 mm (for fixing the material on a wooden crate);
4.8x20 mm (for connecting the edges of sheets in geometrically complex areas of the roof);
4.8x50 mm or 4.8x70 mm (for places where the material needs to be fixed especially strongly).

What will be the consumption of self-tapping screws, it is necessary to determine in advance, taking into account several nuances:

fasteners are inserted into all places where the lower part of the material wave is in contact with the crate;
near the ridge beam, self-tapping screws are immersed in each wave of material;
at intermediate stages, fasteners are twisted into sheets through a wave;
when creating an overlap, self-tapping screws are placed at a distance of a meter from each other along the crate.

Fasteners are inserted into the metal tile often only in the area of \u200b\u200bthe eaves and ridge

Fasteners inserted into the material at short intervals will soon cause the roof to leak. And self-tapping screws, rarely used, will not be able to hold the metal sheets in place, which will lead to serious deformation of the roof.

Usually, 7 self-tapping screws are enough to fasten 1 m² of metal tiles, under which a crate is installed with an average pitch of 50 cm. True, this rule only works with a roof of a simple configuration. With the complexity of the shape of the roof, the required number of fasteners increases.

To determine exactly how many self-tapping screws 4.8x35 mm, 4.8x20 mm and 4.8x50 mm will be needed to install a metal roof, you should know the following parameters:

approximate consumption of self-tapping screws per 1 m²;
roof area;
section of the board of the crate;
slope length;
slope width;
required number of sheets of material.

It looks like a scheme for fixing 4 sheets of material with screws, laid out in two rows

Using a self-drawn scheme for attaching metal tiles to self-tapping screws, let's try to perform the calculations. Imagine that we need to fix the material on a roof with an area of 150 m², boards with a section of 30x150 m are used as lathing, the length of the slope is 7.75 m, the width is 10.2 m, and 40 sheets of metal tiles were purchased for the roof device. Now let's do the following tasks:

Find the required number of fasteners with a size of 4.8x20 mm. As the diagram shows, 21 self-tapping screws are required for each side joint. It turns out that for all 18 seams that will appear when the sheets are joined, 378 fasteners 20 mm long will be needed.
Let's determine how much you need to buy self-tapping screws with a size of 4.8x35 mm - fasteners for inter-row joints. According to the rules, each seam formed as a result of combining two rows of material is fixed with 6 self-tapping screws. On a roof with an area of 150 m², there are 20 such joints, which means that for installation work at the inter-row joint, it is necessary to purchase 120 fasteners 3.5 cm long.
Let's calculate how many fasteners with a size of 4.8x35 mm will go to work in the ridge area and on the eaves. In these areas, one sheet of metal tiles is fixed with three self-tapping screws. Therefore, on the roof, where it is planned to place 40 sheets, 120 fasteners will have to be used in the area of \u200b\u200bthe ridge and eaves.
Find the number of fasteners 4.8x35 mm required for mounting metal tiles on the sides of the roof. At one end, 22 screws are usually used. It turns out that in the process of working on 4 ends of a gable roof, 88 fasteners will be needed.
We will find out how many self-tapping screws 3.5 cm long will need to be screwed into the central part of the sheets of metal tiles. Once in the middle of one piece of material, according to the rules, 5 fasteners are inserted, it turns out that 200 screws will have to be used for all 40 sheets. If we take into account all the previous cases of using fasteners with a size of 4.8x35 mm, then it turns out the following: before installing metal tiles, you need to purchase about 550 self-tapping screws (with a margin).
We determine how much fasteners with a diameter of 4.8 mm and a length of 5 cm should be bought. Taking into account the wavelength of the roofing material and the degree of reliability of fastening in the area of \u200b\u200bthe ends, ridge and cornice, we decide to purchase not about 360 self-tapping screws.

If we add up all the results obtained, it turns out that for the installation of metal tiles on the roof, we need to prepare about 1300 self-tapping screws.

The number of sheets of metal tiles for roofing in one and two slopes

To find out how many sheets of metal tiles will have to close the roof in one slope, use certain data:

nominal and useful width and length of one sheet of material;
length and width of the roof slope;
overlap dimensions in width and length.

The overlap of sheets along the length is usually equal to 10, 15 or 20 cm. And the size of the overlapping of the edges of the material on top of each other in width is determined by the useful width of the product. If the nominal sheet parameter is 1.1 m, and the useful parameter is 1.1 m, then the width of the overlap will be the difference between these values (0.08 m).

The largest overlap of sheets in length is 20 cm

We multiply the width of the slope by the length and find out that the roof area is 90 m².
We divide the width of the slope by the useful width of a sheet of metal tiles and get the number of rows along the width of the roof (9 / 1.1 = 8).
To the length of the roof slope, we add the dimensions of the overlaps and the distance by which the rafters extend beyond the walls, as a result of which we find the total length of the slope (10 + 0.3 (2 overlaps of 0.15) + 0.1 \u003d 10.4).
We divide the total length of the slope by the useful length of the sheet in order to determine how many pieces of material one row along the length of the roof will consist of (10.4 / 3.5 = 3).
We multiply the number of rows along the length of the roof by the number of rows along the width, that is, we find out how many sheets of material will be used during the construction of the roof (3x8 = 24).

According to our calculations, 24 sheets will need to be fixed on a roof of 90 m².

If you need to determine the amount of metal tiles for the construction of a gable roof, then the calculations will be exactly the same. True, one more action will be added to them - multiplication by 2.

Exceptions can only be in the situation when the roof slopes are not the same. In this scenario, for each slope, the amount of material is calculated separately.

Calculation of metal tiles for a hip roof

When the roof is hipped, that is, it has four slopes, in order to find out the required amount of metal tiles, the structure is conditionally divided into sections (into two isosceles triangles and two trapezoids). Next, the calculation is carried out in several stages:

Video: how to calculate the number of metal tiles on the roof

Calculator for calculating metal tiles

Choose the type of roof.
Note if the roof will be insulated.
Specify the width and length of the slopes.
Mark whether it is necessary to calculate the soffit.
Specify the type of soffit.
Write down the width of the cornice in the cell.
Specify the width of the front board.
Select material.

Calculation of the crate under the metal tile

Before calculating the amount of material for the construction of the crate, do the following:

tape measure the width and length of the slopes;
determine how much the crate will go beyond the eaves;
take into account the consumption of frontal boards;
decide what will be the base for the roofing material - solid or sparse.

On the left is a sparse crate for a metal tile, and on the right is a solid one.

The consumption of edged boards for the construction of a continuous crate can be determined without any hassle. Suppose that the roof area is 80 m², and for the construction of the base for the finishing coat, boards 0.15x6 m in size and 25 mm thick were purchased. In this situation, the calculation will look like this:

0.15 m x 6 m = 0.9 m² (one board area).
80 m² / 0.9 m² = 89 pcs. (required number of boards).
0.15 m x 0.025 m x 6 m = 0.0225 m³ (volume of 1 board).
89 pcs. x 0.0225 m³ = 2.0025 m³ (cubic capacity of all necessary boards).

When the crate is sparse, the calculations are carried out taking into account the selected distance between the boards. Suppose the material is to be laid out every 35 cm on a roof with an area of 80 m², in which the width of the slopes is 8 m and the length is 5 m. Then the calculation will consist of 5 steps:

5 / 0.35 \u003d 14 pcs. (number of boards on one slope).
14 * 8 \u003d 112 m. p. (Total molding of boards on one slope).
112 m.p. * 2 = 224 m.p. (total molding of boards on two slopes).
224 m. p. / 6 = 37 pcs. (number of six-meter boards).
37 * 0.0225 \u003d 0.8325 cubic meters (total volume of lumber for battens).

Calculating what will be the consumption of metal tiles on the roof and the boards of the sheathing under it will be easy if such data as the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof and the dimensions of the materials used are known. By the way, so that independent calculations make it possible to build a roof without problems, the numbers obtained during the calculations should be rounded up.

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