The lightest brick for partitions. We build interior partitions with our own hands. We create partitions from aerated concrete

Construction is a process of meticulous planning and choice of materials, selection of decor and creation of comfort. It is very important to clearly understand your wishes at the very beginning of the construction process. Now, when buying a house or apartment, you can easily find an option with a free layout.

This type of property is gaining more and more popularity, due to the buyer's freedom of action for redevelopment and home design. To create your own housing plan, you must independently build interior partitions. Often, foam blocks are used to reduce interior partitions.

The main characteristics of foam blocks

The indisputable advantage of foam blocks is their price.

But they also have other strengths:

Partitions in the apartment: disadvantages of drywall constructions

For the construction of partitions from drywall sheets, it should be understood that, along with obvious advantages, such as:

construction speed. The material is quite light and transportable, easy to cut and modify.
occupied place. Structures using plasterboard structures are attached to the frame, and the thickness of the walls can be only 5 cm.
soundproofing. The level of sound insulation is quite high for such a thin material.
practicality. In empty cavities, you can lay wiring cables or wiring water pipes.

There are also a number of disadvantages:

mechanical strength. With even a small physical impact, deformation of the sheet is possible. It is possible to break through it, even just by leaning on it.
moisture resistance. Plasterboard sheets are very afraid of exposure to moisture, so the flooding of neighbors from above will inevitably lead to an update of the repair.
density. It should be understood that drywall is a rather fragile material, and you cannot hang, say, a shelf on it. From such an impact, the sheet may burst, and the shelf may fall. But, things like paintings, photographs, he will stand.

In general, it should be understood that using only drywall sheets as partitions can be a budget solution, but the question of practicality and strength remains.

When choosing partitions, pay attention to the strength of the material, installation features and sound insulation, price.

Now the market offers three solutions to the issue of interior partitions.

The first is the use of drywall. The second is brick, and the third is tongue-and-groove blocks.

Tongue-and-groove blocks, as a variant of interior partitions

The variant of tongue-and-groove blocks is the most economical. The blocks are equally well suited for the construction of single partitions, and for creating partitions in the box format, where you can additionally hide various kinds of communications, such as water pipes or electrical wires.

The tongue-and-groove blocks are distinguished by a high level of hydrophobicity, and have already found wide application in the arrangement of bathrooms. Along with this, blocks of this type are characterized by low thermal conductivity, which makes them attractive for the construction of partition walls in commercial buildings.

The presence of a protrusion on top, and a groove on the bottom, improves grip and simplifies their installation. The invariable advantage of tongue-and-groove blocks is the ease of finishing, after their installation, since even plastering the surface is not necessary, you can immediately glue the wallpaper, after applying a primer layer.

Making walls: what you need to know

When installing blocks, the first thing you should pay attention to is the floor - it should be almost even. If the floor has flaws, it must first be leveled using special mixtures.

Before installation, the blocks must be brought into the room where the partition will be built, for their acclimatization.

This step should be done at least a day before construction. Next, you need to remove all kinds of debris and dust, for a better hitch of the block, putty and your floor.

For laying foam blocks, a special glue is used, which is applied to the base of the floor and the junction on the walls.

First, you should mark the outline of the wall, both on the floor and on the adjacent wall. Alternatively, you can lay a metal profile that will guide the masonry.

The blocks are stacked on top of each other in such a way that the protrusion is inserted into the groove from top to bottom, therefore, when laying the first layer, the protrusion is cut off and installed with the groove up. When the first row is installed, you should cut one block into two parts, and start the installation from it. This is necessary to create a wall, in the form of a checkerboard. This action will increase the strength of the wall at times.

When laying subsequent layers, the adhesive mortar must be applied to the seam, and after installing the plate, press it well to make a tight, well-glued joint. Excess glue is taken with a spatula and placed in the groove of the next row.

When installing the wall, it is worth letting the glue dry, and not laying more than five rows a day - this will eliminate the possibility of tilting individual parts of the wall. If a door is planned in the wall being erected, it is worth investing several bars of reinforcement so that the over-door part of the wall does not fall from its own pressure.

Calculate the number of blocks

To calculate the number of blocks, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the partition and the volume of masonry. The dimensions of the blocks should be selected according to the required thickness of the partitions, if it is monolithic. The volume of masonry is the derivative of the width of the wall times the height.

If the wall is hollow, then the volume must be multiplied by two, and also add the volume of the wall, which will be between the two components of the hollow wall.

To this figure, you must add another 10 percent of the figure received, based on trimmed parts and damaged blocks during the delivery process.

Block stacking

We considered the beginning and preparation of masonry earlier, but we will dwell in more detail. Having prepared the place, and having laid the first block, the next one must be placed on the reverse side, and a fishing line should be pulled between them, which will be a guide when laying the entire row. When laying each paired row, it is worth starting with half of the block to create a checkerboard grid.

Do not allow a seam thickness of more than 3-5 mm, as this affects the strength of the structure.

If possible, the rows should be laid with a gap of 3 hours, then the maximum probability that the wall will not be sloping.

After laying each row, you need to check yourself using the building level. Every third row involves reinforcement, and every third row must be checked with a vertical level. It is better to apply the solution or adhesive with a comb - this will create an even layer and improve the adhesion of the two blocks.

We prepare openings

When the main masonry comes to an end, the guide frame can be disassembled and the openings prepared. The places of openings need to be thought out in advance, and at the end of construction, only trim the protrusions of the outline.

If the location of the opening has suddenly changed, or there is a need to make an additional one, a reciprocating saw is an excellent tool for this. First you need to outline the outline of the opening using a tape measure and a level, and the opening should be made larger than the finished doors or window.

The blocks above the opening should be strengthened by laying the reinforcement: in the blocks, parallel to the line of the opening, an incision is made up to 10 cm deep and a rod from the reinforcement is laid, which is then plastered. Before finishing the walls, electrical wiring is laid.

How to strengthen the walls of foam blocks?

Strengthening the wall of blocks can be done internally or externally. Internal strengthening involves laying reinforcement every 3-4 rows of wall laying.

Externally, the wall can be strengthened:

plaster. This option is quite simple, but not very reliable, since at the slightest impact, it can crumble.
drywall. Installing drywall sheets on a block wall will certainly strengthen the structure and make it more resistant to physical impact.
wood. The blocks can be sheathed with wooden clapboard, and the issue of decorating the wall can be immediately solved, or it can be sheathed with chipboard, but wallpaper cannot be glued on such material.

The most practical option is to use drywall, as you can easily paste wallpaper or install tiles.

Partitions in the studio apartment: possible options and their features

The studio apartment is characterized by a large amount of space not limited in the division into rooms. In the interior, it is only possible to highlight certain zones. To separate these zones, the owners install partitions. For a studio apartment, a stationary or sliding partition can be used.

As a rule, this type of apartment is quite small in size and it is unreasonable to reduce it even more with massive partitions, so sliding partitions are very popular.

Sliding partitions are made on the principle of a sliding wardrobe, and are produced in glass or plastic versions, which allows you to choose the desired pattern and color scheme.

Glass partitions have many advantages:

Along with a lot of pluses, it is worth saying that the material is quite expensive, and only professionals can do the installation, and you will have to pay extra for the creative.

Often, the bedroom area is separated from the rest of the apartment, and if we talk about the stationary option, then it does not have to be a wall: it can be a bamboo wall with large gaps, a bookcase installed in such a way that it covers the intimate area from prying eyes.

The installation of partitions in an apartment or house is designed to divide the space into certain zones, so before choosing a material, you should clearly define the purpose of their installation.

In addition to significant loads on interfloor floors, laying brick walls is associated with serious time costs and requires professional skills.

If you want to create, then an imitation of a brick niche can be created by finishing a block or frame structure with brick tiles. Corner elements of artificial stone will allow you to achieve a complete illusion of the thickness of brickwork or natural stone.

Concrete

Suitable for construction with a density of 600–800 kg / m³, a thickness of 80–100 mm. A smaller thickness is insufficient in terms of sound insulation and resistance to cantilever loads. However, the walls of foam blocks require plastering. For this reason, it will be difficult to create a small decorative niche, since you will have to saw off blocks to size, plaster surfaces.

Expanded clay concrete partition blocks are moisture resistant and durable, but they do not differ in the stability of geometric dimensions. Such masonry is done only by professionals, and in any case, the surfaces will have to be leveled with rather thick plaster layers.

From tongue-and-groove gypsum boards

Plasterboard tongue-and-groove slabs are larger than foam blocks, but you can create decorative niches with them. Thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection, the structures are stable. They do not require reinforcement, only anchoring to the walls and reinforcing the corners with plaster corners made of galvanized steel. The disadvantage of the material is that it is difficult to saw. Therefore, when sizing, it is necessary to remove the grooves and ridges, and then reinforce the masonry with reinforcing bars or plates. But the walls of foam blocks let steam through, that is, they breathe. Moreover, gypsum contains water and acts as a humidity regulator in rooms with normal humidity.

Tongue-and-groove gypsum boards weigh significantly more than concrete blocks, so they are only suitable for houses whose floors are designed for a distributed load of more than 800 kg / m2.

Another disadvantage is high elasticity. Because of it, a drum effect appears - a relatively low level of sound insulation at frequencies of 100–200 Hz.

Partitions with a pocket for a sliding door, as a rule, are made of drywall. It can be based on a factory case made of profiles of a special section. The design provides the possibility of adjusting the canvas in height.

Porous ceramic

Porous ceramic blocks are 2–2.5 times lighter than bricks and at the same time hold fasteners well. If you use chemical anchors, then even suspended plumbing can be mounted on a 130 mm thick wall.

The large format of the blocks speeds up the laying, the grooves and ridges on the side ends strengthen the partition, and the ribbed surface ensures reliable adhesion to the plaster layer.

The disadvantages of porous blocks include a relatively high water absorption. This problem can be solved with the help of a water-repellent primer and cement plaster.

Plasterboard

Practically does not load the ceiling, does not require laborious work and allows you to lay wires and pipes hidden without problems.

In recent years, when assembling frames of plasterboard structures, instead of the usual fastening with self-tapping screws, a notch is more often used: a hole with bent edges is made with a special tool resembling pliers in two contacting walls of the profiles. Fixing with a cutter speeds up installation, in addition, there are no protruding screw heads on the frame, and the drywall sheet lies perfectly evenly on it. However, when fastening with a cutter, it is more difficult to correct errors, and besides, it is less durable, so it is important to observe the required screw pitch - 250 mm.

Legal notice of redevelopment

with housing authorities. If the design calculation shows an increase in the load on the floor, then it will be difficult to obtain permission, since a technical opinion from the house designer will be required.

Redevelopment that affects load-bearing walls or unloading non-bearing partitions can only be started after obtaining permission from the housing inspection authorities.
When redevelopment, it is impossible to increase the load on the floors in excess of the allowable for the project (calculation for bearing capacity, for deformations).
It is difficult to agree on the replacement of the partition with a heavier one.
They will not allow redevelopment, in which your bathroom will be above the kitchen or living room of the apartment below. This rule also works for the arrangement of apartments in monolithic new buildings, where new walls of wet zones are erected according to the floor plan.

How to avoid installation errors

A common mistake when arranging interior partitions is their incorrect location. The owner of the apartment may incorrectly estimate the dimensions of the room (for example, a dressing room), the architect may not understand the wishes of the customer, the foreman may read the plan incorrectly, the workers may see the “wrong mark”. The wall has to be dismantled and rebuilt, time wasted and costs increased. Therefore, it is highly desirable for the owner of the apartment, together with the architect (designer), armed with a plan and a tape measure, to come to the site in order to control the laying of the first rows.

masonry materials

Material	Solid red brick	Slotted red brick	Porous ceramic block	Aerated concrete block	Hollow claydite-concrete block	GWP hydrophobized
The minimum possible thickness of the partition, mm	65 (brick on edge)	120	80	50	90	80
Optimal thickness of the interior partition, mm	120 (in half a brick)	120	120	100	120	100
Masonry mortar		Cement-sand grade not lower than M200	From ready-mixed cement, e.g. Porotherm	From the finished cement mixture (KNAUF LM2, Blockstar FIX, etc.)	Cement-sand grade not lower than M200	Finished gypsum (KNAUF-Perlfix, Volma Montazh, Ivsil-Plast, etc.)
Density, kg / m 3	1600–1900	1000–1400	750–900	400–600	950–1000	1100–1250
Water absorption, %	6–14	6–14	14–18	50	10	6–8

Interior partitions are a seemingly familiar design. However, to ensure a comfortable stay, the partition must have a number of specific properties, including not only strength, but also lightness, sound insulation, and nailability (the ability of the material to hold hammered nails through friction).

And if the strength of materials is less and less clear, then the sound insulation of a partition is a complex and ambiguous issue. Well, let's try to figure it out.

A bit of theory

All noise can be divided into air and structural. Air are transmitted by air vibrations. Such noises are absorbed directly by the structure of the material: the more open, tortuous, complex pores in it, the better the sound absorption.

Structural noise - transmitted by direct contact and cause the structure to vibrate. In our case, the places of vibration transmission are joints with neighboring structural elements (main walls, ceilings). And in a number of cases, a partition made of a properly selected material with high intrinsic sound insulation "sounds", transmitting the noise of the "environment". Moreover, the fluctuations will, as a rule, be much higher than, for example, those of the main walls to which it adjoins. After all, the thickness of the partition is less than that of capital structures, and the structure of the material is porous, which causes less rigidity than that of dense materials.

Therefore, not only the material from which the partition will be made is important, but also the design, in particular, adjoining walls, floors and ceilings.

How to evaluate sound insulation or airborne sound insulation index

The main normative value characterizing the airborne sound insulation of a structure is the airborne sound insulation index. The index standard for each design is different. According to SP 23-103-2003 for interior partitions, it is 41 - 43 dB (building categories A-B). The partition enclosing the bathroom should have increased sound insulation, index 47 dB. However, today there is much more noise in residential premises, created by household appliances, than it is accepted in the calculations of standards. Therefore, according to the most modest estimates of experts, the standard should be taken as an average value of the index by 8 dB more.

Partition material

The most used options for partitions: brick, foam concrete blocks, gypsum boards, plasterboard structures.

Each option has its pros and cons:

Brick partitions

Of these materials, brick is the most traditional, familiar and time-tested. The sound insulation of a brick partition with a thickness of ½ brick (12 cm) is taken as the standard by the current SNiPs. However, as we remember, the noise background has changed since then, so a brick partition of ½ brick is usually not enough. In addition, the volumetric weight of a brick is about 1800 kg / m3, which is much more than that of foam concrete or gypsum plaster, not to mention gypsum board with a hollow frame. The brick partition creates a significant load on the ceiling.

To make a smooth brick tub, some skill is needed. The process is wet, it will not do without dirt, mortar splashes, etc. Another minus is the need for exterior finishes. Usually brick to level the surface. The thickness of the plaster is on average 1.5 ÷ 2.5 cm, which additionally makes the partition heavier.

Foam concrete partitions

Foam concrete has a low (about 300 ÷ 1200 kg/m3, depending on the brand of foam concrete) bulk density and a structure with many closed pores. Foam concrete blocks are used not only for the construction of partitions, but also for the construction of buildings and structures (mostly low-rise) as a whole. This causes a large variation in the density of the material. Of course, the lower the volumetric weight of the material, the better the insulation from airborne noise, but in comparison with other materials, foam concrete loses: the sound insulation of such a partition with a thickness of 100 mm reaches the standard values only when plaster is applied with a layer of at least 10 mm on both sides (42 dB). The low density results in poor protection against structure-borne noise. Also, a direct consequence of the low bulk density in foam concrete is the almost complete lack of ability to hold nails and screws. This and the low strength of the material will not allow you to hang anything heavier than a picture on a foam concrete partition.

The advantage of foam concrete blocks in comparison with bricks is a much larger size. The standard size of the foam block is 300 * 600 mm with a thickness of 200 mm for walls and 100 mm for partitions. Laying out a partition from foam blocks is easier, although you can’t do without masonry skills here. The thickness of the standard block is 0.2 m, respectively, the partition will “eat up” more space. Like brick, foam concrete blocks must be plastered before finishing.

Gypsolite tongue-and-groove partitions

Gypsum boards are made from lean alabaster with various additives. For the construction of partitions, hollow tongue-and-groove slabs are most often used. Their advantages: lightness, strength, good sound insulation, the ability to firmly hold nails, which is important in residential premises. With a thickness of 100 mm, the volumetric weight of the plate with one row of cavities is 50-60 kg/m 2 ; sound insulation - about 36 dB; with a thickness of 150 mm with two rows of cavities - 90 kg / m 2; soundproofing - 39 dB. The tongue-and-groove design allows quick assembly on alabaster mortar without any special skills. Gypsum perfectly fills any form, so the surface of the plates is clean, even and smooth. Accordingly, there is no need to align the partition. Wallpaper can be immediately, only the finishing layer is needed for painting.

Drywall partitions

Structural noise isolation

As you remember, the transmission of structural noise depends not so much on the material of the partition, but on the correctness of the connections to the walls, floor and ceiling. In order to “extinguish” vibrations as much as possible, to prevent them from being transmitted to the partition structure, it is necessary that the junction be non-rigid, “viscous”. To do this, the perimeter of the structure is framed with elastic gaskets (rubber, cork, elastomers). Polyurethane (mounting foam) or rubber-based sealant are also suitable. As ready-made solutions, manufacturers offer the Vibrostek-M vibration-insulating pad for drywall constructions, and Sylomer is suitable for others.

So what is the best way to make interior partitions?

Of course, each of the considered materials has its own disadvantages and advantages, and it would be wrong to weigh them on the same scales. The choice of one or another option depends not only on the properties of the material, but also on the specific task solved by this partition.

It is no coincidence that in our homes, perhaps, the most widespread partitions made of drywall. Easy to erect, variable and with good sound insulation performance. However, in this case, the use of vibration pads is mandatory, otherwise all soundproofing efforts will be nullified.

Plaster tongue-and-groove partitions, despite the low sound insulation, due to the ease and speed of construction, are an excellent option for, pantry, etc., where sound insulation is not important. However, not all tongue-and-groove slabs dampen airborne noise poorly. Modern manufacturers are constantly improving their products. Today there are already plates of a layered structure - porous inside and dense outside. Such material prevents the propagation of sound much better. It is better to clarify the characteristics of a particular material with the manufacturer.

Many foam concrete blocks also have a layered structure. But a large list of serious shortcomings of the material, which was mentioned above, still casts doubt on the reliability of this option.

A time-tested brick is a durable partition with good sound insulation, which can be improved with plaster. Despite the difficulties associated with the construction of brick structures (dirt, the need to attract specialists, subsequent plastering), this option is firmly in second place in popularity.

And the final decision is yours..

During the redevelopment of the apartment, we face the question of the demolition of old interior partitions and the construction of new ones. It would seem that there should not be so many types of materials for their construction, but this is an erroneous opinion. Let's figure it out and find the best solution!

IMPORTANT POINTS

Stationary interior partitions, unlike screens, wardrobes and sliding doors, are the most reliable option that isolates a room from other rooms. The basis for them can be, for example, wood, brick or concrete. Which material is right for you depends on several important factors:

the load on the supporting structures, which will be created by new partitions, should not exceed the load created by the previous ones;
the thickness of the erected partitions should not be large, otherwise they will reduce the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe room;
the partition material must be strong enough if you plan to hang decor items on the walls or screw furniture to them;
interior walls must provide sufficient sound insulation;
internal partitions must be made of slow-burning materials.

Let's look at what the options might be, and then, armed with knowledge, you will carefully choose the material for the partitions in your home.

BRICK

This is a material that has stood the test of time. Recently, brick is not so popular, but it has certain advantages:

partitions made of solid bricks have good soundproofing properties, a thickness of one brick (12 cm) is considered ideal according to current building codes and regulations;
it is a moisture resistant material; brick walls - reliable and durable, hold fasteners well.

There are also some disadvantages:

such structures have significant weight, which means they create a significant load;
for the construction of brick walls, it is necessary to attract specialists, as this is a complex process;
require plastering;
an uneven partition will have to be sheathed with drywall, which will not only increase its thickness, but also the cost.

FOAM CONCRETE AND ERAMZITE CONCRETE BLOCKS

Blocks are often used as building material for interior partitions. There are several reasons for this:

they have good sound and heat insulation. True, it is worth noting that it is not of such a high level as that of a brick;
easy to use: the blocks are easily cut with a hacksaw and stacked, but masonry skills are indispensable;
are much larger than bricks.

Let's not forget about some disadvantages:

the surface of the blocks must be plastered before finishing;
a partition made of blocks is less durable compared to a brick, it cannot withstand a heavy load, so it is impossible to hang something heavier than 20 kg on it in total.

GRID PLATES

Solid and hollow tongue-and-groove slabs are increasingly used in the construction of partitions. They are made from alabaster with various kinds of additives. Features of this material:

has a low weight;
has good soundproofing properties, but to achieve a higher level of soundproofing, hanging materials can be used: for example, a plasterboard frame filled with sound-absorbing materials;
durable, holds nails well;
easy to fit on a special glue;
there is no need to plaster a partition of this type: you can level and close the seams with two or three layers of putty.

light weight;
the material itself poorly isolates sounds, but it all depends on the internal filling of the frame: polystyrene foam is most often used (it is not a good soundproofing material) and mineral wool boards (they have higher soundproofing performance);
it is built faster and easier than partitions from other types of materials;
the surface of the partition has an ideal shape and does not require plaster;
the voids of the plasterboard frame make it convenient to place communications in them.

For all its advantages, a plasterboard partition has several disadvantages:

when working with mineral wool materials, a large number of small fragments of fibers are formed, so you need to wear a special suit, a respirator and protect your hands with gloves. Otherwise, fiber particles will dig into the skin and settle on the mucous membranes of the eyes and throat;
if you plan to hang something on the interior wall, then for the stability of the partition to the load, it is necessary to fasten all interior items directly to the frame, which must be reinforced with a series of jumpers.

Internal partitions require the selection of appropriate materials. There are many materials and technologies on the market - brick, concrete, drywall.

How to choose the right material, what are the interior partitions, what is better to do, the advantages, disadvantages of various options, how to build a good, durable partition at no extra cost - these issues are discussed in this article.

Popular materials

In some cases, the walls must be strong enough, be able to withstand the weight of objects suspended on them (sometimes heavy), and must have good sound insulation. There are many solutions for the construction of internal partitions:

concrete blocks,
ceramic materials (ordinary, hollow brick),
clinker,
concrete,
drywall,
silicate blocks,
expanded clay blocks,
lightweight concrete blocks.

Clay hollow brick is less durable than clinker. Below we will talk about the most common technologies used in construction, which partitions are better in an apartment, what is cheaper, more durable to build bulkheads, what properties different materials have.

Brick, clinker

A popular traditional material for the construction of partitions is brick. There are several types of brick walls.

Advantages:

brick has better sound insulation;
high strength;
heavy objects can be hung on walls made of solid bricks, clinker, a similar situation is in the case of hollow bricks, but in this case reinforced fasteners should be used to hang heavy objects, as they may end up in voids;
brick structures are highly resistant to mechanical damage.

Disadvantages:

Walls made of solid, hollow bricks, clinker are very heavy, significantly increasing the load on the floor.
Usually bricks are used (full, hollow, clinker) with dimensions of 25 x 12 x 6.5 cm. The construction of the inner wall is laborious: 60 bricks per 1 m² of wall, a large amount of mortar.
The brick has large deviations in dimensions, uneven surfaces. After its laying, plastering of the wall will be required, the thickness of the plaster layer is at least 1.0-1.5 cm, which increases the cost and duration of construction.

Due to their high weight, brick partitions are placed on a reinforced floor, for example on properly designed reinforced concrete beams supported by load-bearing walls. You should be careful when changing the location of the walls on the upper floors. When making changes, be sure to consult with designers, specialists in the construction industry.

Which brick is better? The use of hollow bricks can reduce the weight of the partition by 20-30%. However, a hollow brick wall has less soundproofing properties than a conventional brick wall.

Finishing work can be accelerated if, instead of plastering, finish with plasterboard panels. Drywall does not need to be plastered, it is enough to apply putty before painting, wallpapering.

Clinker brick partitions are not plastered, this solution is expensive due to high prices for good quality clinker.
Aerated concrete - a common material, like drywall, is characterized by a fairly low cost of construction.

ceramic brick

This building material with a thickness of 11.5 cm is often used for the construction of walls.

Advantages:

relatively inexpensive, cheaper than solid, hollow bricks;
allows for a faster construction than with standard brick walls, due to the larger size (50 x 20 x 11.5 cm), easy installation;
such brick walls provide good acoustic parameters indoors;
allows you to hang heavy objects, special spring pins should be used.

Ceramic brick walls are finished in different ways:

plaster with plaster 1.0-1.5 cm thick;
finished with drywall.

The walls can be realized with concrete blocks or ceramic materials such as solid bricks, hollow bricks, clinker. Clay bricks are less durable than clinker. There are several interesting alternatives to these materials - silicate blocks for interior walls in an apartment, blocks of expanded clay, lightweight concrete.

Wall of luxfers or glass blocks

Sometimes glass blocks (luxspheres) are used, creating certain stylizations. Luxspheres - an alternative to drywall constructions, gives interesting decorative effects. This material is successfully used as a wall between the kitchen and the living room, other rooms, if it fits the interior styling.

Luxspheres in the interior, photo

Aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete blocks are a popular material for building walls.

Advantages of aerated concrete:

ease of cutting, forming almost any surface;
they can quickly drill grooves for wiring.
on the walls it is relatively easy to fix any defects, chips;
a standard aerated concrete block has dimensions of 60 x 20 x 11.5 cm, allowing you to quickly build walls, provides a lower consumption of mortar compared to brick;
unlike bricks, concrete blocks are produced with a low dimensional deviation, so thin masonry joints can be applied, a thinner layer of plaster (0.8-1.0 cm) can be applied.

Disadvantages:

much worse sound insulation than brick of any kind, you need to consider the purpose of the room;
aerated concrete has a relatively low strength, so you need to carefully hang heavy objects;
cellular concrete walls are less resistant to mechanical damage,
due to poor sound insulation, a thicker layer of plaster (1.5 cm) is recommended for aerated concrete walls in residential premises, which increases the ability to absorb sound. There are also special drywall boards with an extra layer of soundproofing, but this greatly increases the overall cost of building a wall.

Expanded clay blocks

Expanded clay blocks are an interesting alternative for those who like to use concrete blocks.

Advantages:

high strength will allow you to hang heavy objects (but less durable than brick);
better absorb sound;
the cost of a claydite-concrete wall is lower than the cost of a partition made of conventional concrete blocks.

Expanded clay blocks are placed on a standard solution, finished:

ordinary gypsum plaster;
lime;
cement;
clay (ecological plaster).

silicate blocks

Silicate blocks are:

full;
hollow, having special grooves, for example, for laying cables, which allows you not to make grooves in the wall.

Advantages:

excellent acoustic performance - blocks with a thickness of 8 cm are characterized by high standards of sound insulation, providing acoustic comfort;
silicate blocks are made with high precision, do not require a large thickness of plaster - usually a plaster thickness of 0.5-0.8 cm is required;
silicates are characterized by high strength, resistance to heavy weight - you can easily hang heavy objects on them without damaging the wall;
the cost of a silicate block partition is comparable to the cost of a clay brick partition; but bricks need to be plastered, silicate walls can be left unplastered, which reduces the cost.

What interior partition will be a compromise in terms of cost savings, sufficient strength, sound insulation? These are drywall walls.

Drywall interior partitions

Modern wall partitions between rooms are often made of plasterboard. There are waterproof panels used as partitions in bathrooms. The walls are two plasterboard surfaces mounted on special metal profiles. Between them, a mineral wool filler can be located. The total thickness of such a wall is usually 12 cm.

Advantages of drywall partitions:

have an average ability to absorb sound;
contribute to a good microclimate in the room, due to the ability of gypsum to absorb and release moisture contained in the air;
do not require plastering, enough putty;
construction speed.

Disadvantages:

Heavy objects on drywall structures should be placed carefully, they are not as strong as brick walls - hanging heavy objects without special installation is not recommended. Usually, if there is a need to hang a heavy object, fasteners are fixed on a metal profile located inside the partition. After finishing, it is not always possible to determine exactly where the profile components are located, so fasteners should be planned and marked in advance.
A significant drawback of frame structures is low resistance to shock and damage.
When using drywall in bathrooms, an extra layer of moisture insulation is recommended, even on waterproof boards.

Drywall frame structures are a cost-effective, quickly erected solution. If good quality mineral wool is used for the construction, decent sound insulation can be achieved. Unfortunately, even the best materials will not give such performance as bricks, hollow concrete blocks, silicates.

What to choose?

This question worries many at the stage of project planning, construction budget or home renovation. We examined the most popular options for the implementation of interior partitions.

Under normal conditions, it is recommended to make partitions from hollow ceramic, silicate bricks. Both solutions provide high insulation parameters and are relatively quickly erected. In the case of high-quality silicates, it is possible not to plaster the surface, which leads to a reduction in construction costs.
If you want to achieve maximum sound insulation, the walls are made of solid bricks. Such a decision must be made at the design stage in order to properly reinforce the floor under the partition.
Concrete blocks, expanded clay give a limited possibility of hanging heavy objects.
The choice of expensive solutions - clinker, glass blocks will give good acoustic properties, high strength, but the price is quite high.

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